WO2000031411A1 - Engine transmission unit comprising an electrical machine interposed between the heat engine and the transmission - Google Patents

Engine transmission unit comprising an electrical machine interposed between the heat engine and the transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000031411A1
WO2000031411A1 PCT/FR1999/002841 FR9902841W WO0031411A1 WO 2000031411 A1 WO2000031411 A1 WO 2000031411A1 FR 9902841 W FR9902841 W FR 9902841W WO 0031411 A1 WO0031411 A1 WO 0031411A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
revolution
heat engine
cage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1999/002841
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Raoul
Original Assignee
Renault
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault filed Critical Renault
Priority to EP99956085A priority Critical patent/EP1131555A1/en
Publication of WO2000031411A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000031411A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a powertrain for a motor vehicle.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a powertrain for a motor vehicle, of the type which comprises from front to back a heat engine of which an output shaft is coupled to an input member of a transmission which is capable of transmitting power driving the vehicle wheels, of the type in which an electric machine is interposed between the output shaft of the heat engine and the input member of the transmission to operate either as an engine or as a generator, and of the type in which the electric machine comprises a stator which is rigidly fixed to a block of the heat engine, and a rotor which is linked in rotation to the input member of the transmission and to the output shaft of the heat engine.
  • powertrain comprising an electric machine interposed between an output shaft of the heat engine and an input member of a transmission.
  • Document US-5,001,412 describes and represents a powertrain comprising a heat engine of which an output shaft, or crankshaft, carries a cylindrical rotor of an electric machine of which a stator is linked to the block of the heat engine.
  • the electric machine is capable of operating either as a generator to recharge a vehicle storage battery, or of operating as an electric motor to start the internal combustion engine or to add additional power to the internal combustion engine during, for example, strong acceleration of the vehicle.
  • a wall transverse of the rotor, opposite the wall which is linked to the crankshaft of the heat engine, is linked in rotation to a turbine wheel of a converter of an automatic transmission of the vehicle.
  • crankshaft is likely to be subject to different modes of vibration and to deform in bending transversely with respect to its axis of rotation.
  • the rotor being located at the end of the crankshaft, and therefore in overhang, it is likely to amplify these deformations significantly. There is therefore on the one hand a risk of fatigue stress on the crankshaft, and on the other hand a risk that the air gap of the electric machine, defined by the radial clearance existing between the rotor and the stator of the electric machine, is not constant, which risks considerably reducing the efficiency of the electric machine during its operation.
  • the invention provides a powertrain of the type described above which includes means for maintaining the coaxiality of the rotor with respect to the output shaft or crankshaft of the heat engine.
  • the invention provides a powertrain of the type described above, characterized in that the stator comprises at least one support bearing for rotating the rotor.
  • the stator comprises a fixing plate, one front face of which is fixed directly to the engine block, and one rear face of which carries a frame of revolution which is coaxial with the output shaft of the heat engine and which comprises the support bearing in rotation of a rotor revolution cage, complementary to the stator frame;
  • the armature of revolution of the stator is centered coaxially to the output shaft of the heat engine by means of a cylindrical centering collar, q ui is coaxial to the output shaft of the heat engine, and q ui s 'extends backwards from the block of the heat engine to be received in a complementary bore of the armature of revolution of the stator;
  • the stator carries at the rear of its armature of revolution inductive means
  • the stator revolution frame comprises a first bearing flange which extends rearwards, radially opposite a second bearing flange extending forwards from the front of the cage. revolution of the rotor, and in that rolling means are arranged between the first and second bearing flanges to form the single bearing for supporting the rotor;
  • - bearing sealing means are arranged between the first and second bearing flanges;
  • the rotor revolution cage is linked to the output shaft of the heat engine via a connecting shaft, one front splined end of which crosses the stator revolution frame and is received by complementary splines of the 'engine output shaft;
  • the connecting shaft has come in one piece with the rotor revolution cage;
  • the connecting shaft has a rear grooved end which is received by grooves complementary to a bore of the cage of revolution of the rotor;
  • the cage of revolution of the rotor comprises, radially from the outside to the inside, a cylindrical peripheral body which extends towards the front and of which an inner wall carries ind uctive means arranged externally opposite the inductive means of the frame of revolution of the stator, then the second bearing flange which is arranged externally opposite the first bearing flange of the stator, and finally the connecting shaft in rotation with the output shaft of the heat engine;
  • the stator comprises at least one cooling cavity, at least two circulation orifices of which open into the front face of the stator fixing plate opposite the circulation conduits associated with a coolant for the engine block;
  • the powertrain includes sealing means between the stator fixing plate and the engine block;
  • the cylindrical peripheral body of the rotor has cooling fins which extend radially outward to cool the electric machine by air circulation;
  • the rotor revolution cage includes lights allowing access to axial screws for fixing the stator revolution armature;
  • the inductive means comprise permanent magnets of the stator, respectively of the rotor, arranged radially opposite the windings of the rotor, respectively of the stator;
  • the rotor revolution cage has a rear transverse wall which forms the reaction plate of a clutch coupled to a mechanical gearbox of the transmission;
  • the rotor revolution cage has a rear transverse wall which is coupled to a turbine wheel of a converter of an automatic transmission gearbox.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of an electric machine for a powertrain according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electric machine for a powertrain according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an assembly of an electric machine 10 for a powertrain produced in accordance with the invention.
  • the electric machine 10 comprises a stator 12 which is rigidly fixed to an engine block 14 of the heat engine (not shown), and a rotor 16 which is linked in rotation to both the input member 18 of a transmission (not shown) of the motor vehicle and to an output shaft 20 of the heat engine.
  • the input member 1 8 of the transmission is capable of transmitting motive power to the wheels of the vehicle.
  • the input member 18 of the transmission has been shown preferably in the form of a friction disq ue clutch.
  • the front of the stator 12 comprises a fixing plate 22 which is disposed substantially transversely with respect to the common axis A of rotation of the output shaft 20 of the heat engine and of the input member 1 8 of the transmission.
  • a flat transverse front face 24 of the fixing plate 22 is fixed directly to the engine block 14.
  • the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 is notably fixed to the engine block 14 by means of screws 1 3 which pass through holes 15 made in the thickness of the fixing plate 22, and which are screwed directly into the engine block 14.
  • the stator 12 also comprises, on a rear face 23 of its fixing plate 22 an armature 26 of revolution, substantially cylindrical, which, according to the invention, carries part of a bearing 28 for rotationally supporting the rotor 16 , axis A.
  • the armature 26 has come integrally with the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12.
  • the armature 26 of the stator 12 is also of axis A, that is to say coaxial to the output shaft 20 of the heat engine.
  • the engine block 14 comprises a rear cylindrical flange 30 for centering axis A, coaxial with the output shaft 20 of the heat engine, which extends towards the rear, which has come integrally with the engine block 14, and which is intended to be received in a complementary bore 32 arranged in the transverse front face 24 of the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12.
  • the armature 26 of the stator 12 comprises inductive means 34, for example windings or permanent magnets, which extend behind its outer periphery so as to form associated inductive means of the rotor 16, which will be described later, to form the electric machine 10.
  • inductive means 34 for example windings or permanent magnets, which extend behind its outer periphery so as to form associated inductive means of the rotor 16, which will be described later, to form the electric machine 10.
  • the rotor 16 comprises a cage 36 of revolution, substantially cylindrical, which is rotatably mounted, by means of the bearing 28, on the frame 26 of the stator 12.
  • the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is external to the frame 26 of the stator 12 and comprises a cylindrical peripheral body 37 of large diameter which allows, when the electric machine 10 is assembled, that the frame 26 of the stator 12 is received practically in its entirety inside the body cylindrical 37 of the cage 36 of the rotor 16.
  • the cylindrical body 37 externally carries fins 39 allowing air cooling of the rotor 16.
  • the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is centered on the frame 26 of the stator 12 and is rotatably supported by the bearing 28 of axis A.
  • the frame 26 of the stator 12 has a first collar 38 for supporting the bearing 28, which extends axially towards the rear internally opposite a second flange 40 q which belongs to the cage 36 of the rotor.
  • the second flange 40 extends forward from a transverse wall 44 of the cage 36 of the rotor 16.
  • Rolling means for example cylindrical rollers or a double row of balls are arranged in the housing 42 delimited by the first flange 38 of the stator 12 and the second flange 40 of the rotor 16 to form the bearing 28.
  • the housing 42 is closed at the rear by the transverse wall 44 of the cage 36 and is open at the front.
  • the first flange 38 has a shoulder 46 arranged opposite the front end of the second flange 40.
  • an annular seal 48 which realizes the sealing of the housing 42 and more particularly of the rolling means forming the bearing 28.
  • the annular seal 48 is a lip seal which is carried by the shoulder 46 and whose lip slides in rotation inside from the front end of the collar 40.
  • the second flange 40 which carries the seal 48 and the rolling means forming the bearing 28 is directly threaded axially from back to front on the first flange 38 of the armature 26 of the stator 12.
  • the front end of the flange 40 may have inside an introductory chamfer (not shown) to facilitate the passage of the lip of the seal 48.0
  • the rear transverse wall 44 of the cage 36 of the rotor has lights 45 allowing access to the fixing screws 13 of the frame 26 of the stator, which in particular makes it possible to dismantle the electric machine 10 from the engine block 14 without separate the cage 36 from the rotor of the armature 26 of the stator.
  • the cylindrical body 37 of the cage 36 of the rotor 16 has internally inductive means 50 to form the electric machine 1 0 in cooperation with the inductive means 34 of the stator 12 previously described.
  • the inductive means 50 can be produced similarly by means of coils or permanent magnets, and are arranged opposite the inductive means 34 of the stator 12 so as to define an air gap 52 delimited by the difference in diameter between the outside diameter of the inductive means 34 of the stator 12 and the internal diameter of the inductive means 50 of the rotor 16.
  • the air gap 52 allows the establishment of a magnetic field between the inductive means 34 and 50, which allows the operation of the electric machine 10.
  • the electric machine 1 0 can advantageously operate either as a motor or as a generator depending on how the inductive means 34 and 50 are controlled.
  • the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 has a cavity (not shown) which has circulation orifices 54 opening out into the front face 24 of the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 opposite the associated circulation conduits 56 d 'a coolant of the block 14 of the heat engine.
  • the coolant can be the lubricating oil of the heat engine or the coolant of the heat engine, for example based on glycol.
  • O-rings 58 are arranged at the junction between the circulation orifices 54 and the circulation conduits 56 to guarantee perfect tightness of the cooling system of the electric machine 1 0.
  • the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is linked in rotation to the output shaft 20 of the heat engine and to the input member 1 8 of the transmission.
  • connection of the cage 36 of the rotor to the output shaft 20 of the heat engine is carried out by means of a connecting shaft 60 which extends axially forward from the cage 36 of the rotor, which crosses the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12, and the front end 62 of which cooperates with the output shaft 20 of the heat engine.
  • the front end 62 of the connecting shaft 60 is externally grooved and is received by a set of complementary grooves in the output shaft 20 of the heat engine.
  • This arrangement is not limitative of the invention and, as a variant, a splined end of the output shaft 20 can be received inside the cage 36 of the rotor 16.
  • the connecting shaft 60 is an independent intermediate shaft disposed between the cage 36 of the rotor and the output shaft 20 of the engine.
  • the cage 36 of the rotor 16 has a bore 64 of axis A which receives a rear end 66 of the connecting shaft 60.
  • the bore 64 is internally grooved and receives the rear end 66, externally grooved, of the 'connecting shaft 60.
  • the bore 64 is closed at its rear end by a plug 68 which effectively protects the outer splines of the shaft 60, the complementary splines of the bore 64 of the cage 36 and the complementary splines of the output shaft 20 of the heat engine against possible dust.
  • the housing 67 comprising the connecting shaft 60 is therefore perfectly sealed and is subject to lubrication carried out by engine oil.
  • sealing means 70 produced for example in the form of a large diameter O-ring, are interposed between the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 and the engine block 14 in order to avoid leaking lubricant.
  • this first embodiment is more particularly associated with a heat engine having a low torque, the connecting shaft 60 then playing the role of a torsional damper between the output shaft 20 of the heat engine and the cage 36 of rotor 16.
  • the connecting shaft 60 is produced integrally with the cage 36 of the rotor 16. As such, it has a greater torsional stiffness which allows it advantageously to transmit large torques generated for example by an engine of higher power.
  • the cage 36 of the rotor 16 does not have a bore 64 or a plug 68.
  • the rear transverse wall 44 the cage 36 of the rotor 16 forms the reaction plate of a friction clutch 72 which is coupled to a mechanical gearbox of the transmission via 'a splined shaft 74.
  • a friction clutch 72 which is coupled to a mechanical gearbox of the transmission via 'a splined shaft 74.
  • the cage 36 of the rotor 16 could be coupled via its rear transverse wall 44 to a turbine wheel. of a torque converter of an automatic transmission.
  • the powertrain comprising the compact electric machine 10 according to the invention is particularly advantageous in that such an electric machine 1 0 is particularly well balanced. It can therefore fulfill its functions of starting the heat engine, of an auxiliary electric motor making it possible to provide additional power to the heat engine, and of the alternator, while transmitting only a minimum of vibrations to the transmission, which is a guarantee of comfort and reliability.

Abstract

The invention concerns a motor vehicle engine transmission unit comprising from the front rearwards a heat engine whereof the output shaft (20) is coupled with an input member (18) of a transmission capable of transmitting engine power to the vehicle wheels, wherein an electrical machine (10) is interposed between the heat engine output shaft (20) and the transmission input member (18) to operate either as engine or generator, and wherein the electrical machine (10) comprises a stator (12) rigidly fixed to the heat engine block (14) and a rotor (16) linked in rotation with the transmission input member (18) and the heat engine output shaft (20), characterised in that the stator (12) comprises at least one bearing (28) supporting the rotating rotor (16).

Description

" Groupe motopropulseur comportant une machine électrique interposée entre le moteur thermique et la transmission" "Powertrain comprising an electric machine interposed between the engine and the transmission"
L'invention concerne un groupe motopropulseur pour véhicule automobile.The invention relates to a powertrain for a motor vehicle.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un groupe motopropulseur pour véhicule automobile, du type q ui comporte d'avant en arrière un moteur thermique dont un arbre de sortie est accouplé à un organe d'entrée d'une transmission qui est susceptible de transmettre une puissance motrice à des roues du véhicule, du type dans lequel une machine électrique est interposée entre l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique et l'organe d'entrée de la transmission pour fonctionner indifféremment en moteur ou en générateur, et du type dans lequel la machine électrique comporte un stator qui est fixé rigidement à un bloc du moteur thermique, et un rotor qui est lié en rotation à l'organe d'entrée de la transmission et à l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique.The invention relates more particularly to a powertrain for a motor vehicle, of the type which comprises from front to back a heat engine of which an output shaft is coupled to an input member of a transmission which is capable of transmitting power driving the vehicle wheels, of the type in which an electric machine is interposed between the output shaft of the heat engine and the input member of the transmission to operate either as an engine or as a generator, and of the type in which the electric machine comprises a stator which is rigidly fixed to a block of the heat engine, and a rotor which is linked in rotation to the input member of the transmission and to the output shaft of the heat engine.
On connaît de nombreux exemples de groupe motopropulseur comportant une machine électrique interposée entre un arbre de sortie du moteur thermique et un organe d'entrée d'une transmission.Many examples of powertrain are known comprising an electric machine interposed between an output shaft of the heat engine and an input member of a transmission.
Le document US-5.001 .412 décrit et représente un groupe motopropulseur comportant un moteur thermique dont un arbre de sortie, ou vilebrequin , porte un rotor cylindrique d'une machine électrique dont un stator est lié au bloc du moteur thermique. La machine électrique est susceptible de fonctionner indifféremment en générateur pour recharger une batterie d'accumulateurs du véhicule, ou de fonctionner en moteur électrique pour démarrer le moteur thermique ou apporter un surcroît de puissance au moteur thermique lors, par exemple, de fortes accélérations du véhicule. Une paroi transversale du rotor, opposée à la paroi qui est liée au vilebrequin d u moteur thermique, est liée à en rotation à une roue de turbine d'un convertisseur d'une transmission automatique du véhicule. U n problème se pose au sujet des vibrations que le moteur thermique est susceptible de transmettre au rotor de la machine électrique.Document US-5,001,412 describes and represents a powertrain comprising a heat engine of which an output shaft, or crankshaft, carries a cylindrical rotor of an electric machine of which a stator is linked to the block of the heat engine. The electric machine is capable of operating either as a generator to recharge a vehicle storage battery, or of operating as an electric motor to start the internal combustion engine or to add additional power to the internal combustion engine during, for example, strong acceleration of the vehicle. . A wall transverse of the rotor, opposite the wall which is linked to the crankshaft of the heat engine, is linked in rotation to a turbine wheel of a converter of an automatic transmission of the vehicle. A problem arises concerning the vibrations that the heat engine is capable of transmitting to the rotor of the electric machine.
En effet, en fonction des différents régimes de rotation du moteur thermique, le vilebrequin est susceptible d'être sujet à différents modes de vibration et de se déformer en flexion transversalement par rapport à son axe de rotation .Indeed, according to the different rotation regimes of the heat engine, the crankshaft is likely to be subject to different modes of vibration and to deform in bending transversely with respect to its axis of rotation.
Ceci peut être particulièrement préjudiciable au fonctionnement de la machine électrique.This can be particularly detrimental to the operation of the electric machine.
En effet, le rotor étant situé en bout de vilebrequin , et donc en porte-à-faux, il est susceptible d'amplifier ces déformations de façon significative. Il existe donc d'une part un risque de sollicitation en fatigue du vilebrequin , et d'autre part un risque que l'entrefer de la machine électrique, défini par le jeu radial existant entre le rotor et le stator de la machine électrique, ne soit pas constant, ce qui risque de diminuer considérablement le rendement de la machine électrique lors de son fonctionnement.Indeed, the rotor being located at the end of the crankshaft, and therefore in overhang, it is likely to amplify these deformations significantly. There is therefore on the one hand a risk of fatigue stress on the crankshaft, and on the other hand a risk that the air gap of the electric machine, defined by the radial clearance existing between the rotor and the stator of the electric machine, is not constant, which risks considerably reducing the efficiency of the electric machine during its operation.
Pour remédier à cet inconvénient, l'invention propose un groupe motopropulseur du type précédemment décrit qui comporte des moyens de maintien de la coaxialité du rotor par rapport à l'arbre de sortie ou vilebrequin du moteur thermique.To overcome this drawback, the invention provides a powertrain of the type described above which includes means for maintaining the coaxiality of the rotor with respect to the output shaft or crankshaft of the heat engine.
Dans ce but, l'invention propose un groupe motopropulseur du type décrit ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que le stator comporte au moins un palier de support en rotation du rotor.For this purpose, the invention provides a powertrain of the type described above, characterized in that the stator comprises at least one support bearing for rotating the rotor.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention : - le stator comporte une plaque de fixation dont une face avant est fixée directement sur le bloc moteur, et dont une face arrière porte une armature de révolution qui est coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique et qui comporte le palier de support en rotation d'une cage de révolution du rotor, complémentaire de l'armature du stator ;According to other characteristics of the invention: the stator comprises a fixing plate, one front face of which is fixed directly to the engine block, and one rear face of which carries a frame of revolution which is coaxial with the output shaft of the heat engine and which comprises the support bearing in rotation of a rotor revolution cage, complementary to the stator frame;
- l'armature de révolution du stator est centrée coaxialement à l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette cylindrique de centrage, q ui est coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique, et q ui s'étend vers l'arrière à partir du bloc du moteur thermique pour être reçue dans un alésage complémentaire de l'armature de révolution du stator ;the armature of revolution of the stator is centered coaxially to the output shaft of the heat engine by means of a cylindrical centering collar, q ui is coaxial to the output shaft of the heat engine, and q ui s 'extends backwards from the block of the heat engine to be received in a complementary bore of the armature of revolution of the stator;
- le stator porte à l'arrière de son armature de révolution des moyens inductifs ;- The stator carries at the rear of its armature of revolution inductive means;
- l'armature de révolution du stator comporte une première collerette de palier qui s'étend vers l'arrière, radialement en regard d'une deuxième collerette de palier s'étendant vers l'avant à partir de l'avant de la cage de révolution du rotor, et en ce que des moyens de roulement sont agencés entre les première et deuxième collerette de palier pour former le palier unique de support du rotor ;- The stator revolution frame comprises a first bearing flange which extends rearwards, radially opposite a second bearing flange extending forwards from the front of the cage. revolution of the rotor, and in that rolling means are arranged between the first and second bearing flanges to form the single bearing for supporting the rotor;
- des moyens d'étanchéité de palier sont agencés entre les première et deuxième collerette de palier ; - la cage de révolution d u rotor est liée à l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre de liaison dont une extrémité cannelée avant traverse l'armature de révolution du stator et est reçue par des cannelures complémentaires de l'arbre de sortie du moteur thermique ; - l'arbre de liaison est venu de matière avec la cage de révolution du rotor ; - l'arbre de liaison comporte une extrémité cannelée arrière qui est reçue par des cannelures complémentaires d'un alésage de la cage de révolution du rotor ;- bearing sealing means are arranged between the first and second bearing flanges; - The rotor revolution cage is linked to the output shaft of the heat engine via a connecting shaft, one front splined end of which crosses the stator revolution frame and is received by complementary splines of the 'engine output shaft; - The connecting shaft has come in one piece with the rotor revolution cage; - The connecting shaft has a rear grooved end which is received by grooves complementary to a bore of the cage of revolution of the rotor;
- la cage de révolution du rotor comporte, radialement de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, un corps périphérique cylindrique qui s'étend vers l'avant et dont une paroi intérieure porte des moyens ind uctifs agencés extérieurement en regard des moyens inductifs de l'armature de révolution du stator, puis la deuxième collerette de palier qui est agencée extérieurement en regard de la première collerette de palier du stator, et enfin l'arbre de liaison en rotation à l'arbre de sortie d u moteur thermique; le stator comporte au moins une cavité de refroidissement dont au moins deux orifices de circulation débouchent dans la face avant de la plaque de fixation du stator en regard de conduits de circulation associés d'un fluide de refroidissement du bloc du moteur thermique ;- The cage of revolution of the rotor comprises, radially from the outside to the inside, a cylindrical peripheral body which extends towards the front and of which an inner wall carries ind uctive means arranged externally opposite the inductive means of the frame of revolution of the stator, then the second bearing flange which is arranged externally opposite the first bearing flange of the stator, and finally the connecting shaft in rotation with the output shaft of the heat engine; the stator comprises at least one cooling cavity, at least two circulation orifices of which open into the front face of the stator fixing plate opposite the circulation conduits associated with a coolant for the engine block;
- le groupe motopropulseur comporte des moyens d'étanchéité entre la plaque de fixation du stator et le bloc du moteur thermique ;- the powertrain includes sealing means between the stator fixing plate and the engine block;
- le corps périphérique cylindrique du rotor comporte des ailettes de refroidissement qui s'étendent radialement vers l'extérieur pour assurer un refroidissement de la machine électrique par circulation d'air ; - la cage de révolution du rotor comporte des lumières permettant l'accès à des vis axiales de fixation de l'armature de révolution du stator ; les moyens inductifs comportent des aimants permanents du stator, respectivement du rotor, agencés radialement en regard de bobinages du rotor, respectivement du stator ; - la cage de révolution du rotor comporte une paroi transversale arrière qui forme plateau de réaction d'un embrayage couplé à une boîte de vitesse mécanique de la transmission ; - la cage de révolution du rotor comporte une paroi transversale arrière q ui est accouplée à une roue de turbine d'un convertisseur d'une boîte de vitesse automatique de la transmission.- The cylindrical peripheral body of the rotor has cooling fins which extend radially outward to cool the electric machine by air circulation; - The rotor revolution cage includes lights allowing access to axial screws for fixing the stator revolution armature; the inductive means comprise permanent magnets of the stator, respectively of the rotor, arranged radially opposite the windings of the rotor, respectively of the stator; - The rotor revolution cage has a rear transverse wall which forms the reaction plate of a clutch coupled to a mechanical gearbox of the transmission; - The rotor revolution cage has a rear transverse wall which is coupled to a turbine wheel of a converter of an automatic transmission gearbox.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following detailed description for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une machine électrique pour un groupe motopropulseur conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, etFIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of an electric machine for a powertrain according to a first embodiment of the invention, and
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une machine électrique pour un groupe motopropulseur conforme à un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.- Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electric machine for a powertrain according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Dans la description qui va suivre, des chiffres de référence identiques désignent des pièces identiques ou ayant des fonctions similaires.In the following description, identical reference numerals designate identical parts or having similar functions.
On voit sur la figure 1 l'ensemble d'une machine électrique 10 pour un groupe motopropulseur réalisée conformément à l'invention. De manière connue, la machine électrique 10 comporte un stator 12 qui est fixé rigidement à un bloc moteur 14 du moteur thermique (non représenté) , et un rotor 16 q ui est lié en rotation à la fois à l'organe d'entrée 18 d'une transmission (non représentée) du véhicule automobile et à un arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique.FIG. 1 shows an assembly of an electric machine 10 for a powertrain produced in accordance with the invention. In known manner, the electric machine 10 comprises a stator 12 which is rigidly fixed to an engine block 14 of the heat engine (not shown), and a rotor 16 which is linked in rotation to both the input member 18 of a transmission (not shown) of the motor vehicle and to an output shaft 20 of the heat engine.
L'organe d'entrée 1 8 de la transmission est susceptible de transmettre une puissance motrice à des roues d u véhicule. Sur les figures 1 et 2, de façon non limitative de l'invention , l'organe d'entrée 18 de la transmission a été représenté préférentiellement sous la forme d'un embrayage à disq ue de friction . De manière connue, l'avant du stator 12 comporte une plaque de fixation 22 qui est disposée sensiblement transversalement par rapport à l'axe commun A de rotation de l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique et de l'organe d'entrée 1 8 de la transmission . Une face avant 24 transversale plane de la plaque de fixation 22 est fixée directement sur le bloc moteur 14. La plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12 est notamment fixée au bloc moteur 14 par l'intermédiaire de vis 1 3 qui traversent des perçages 15 pratiqués dans l'épaisseur de la plaque de fixation 22, et qui sont vissés directement dans le bloc moteur 14.The input member 1 8 of the transmission is capable of transmitting motive power to the wheels of the vehicle. In Figures 1 and 2, without limitation of the invention, the input member 18 of the transmission has been shown preferably in the form of a friction disq ue clutch. In known manner, the front of the stator 12 comprises a fixing plate 22 which is disposed substantially transversely with respect to the common axis A of rotation of the output shaft 20 of the heat engine and of the input member 1 8 of the transmission. A flat transverse front face 24 of the fixing plate 22 is fixed directly to the engine block 14. The fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 is notably fixed to the engine block 14 by means of screws 1 3 which pass through holes 15 made in the thickness of the fixing plate 22, and which are screwed directly into the engine block 14.
Le stator 12 comporte aussi, sur une face arrière 23 de sa plaq ue de fixation 22 une armature 26 de révolution , sensiblement cylindrique, qui, conformément à l'invention, porte une partie d'un palier 28 de support en rotation du rotor 16 , d'axe A. Le détail de la liaison en rotation du rotor 16 par rapport au stator 12 sera décrite ultérieurement. Avantageusement, et de façon non limitative de l'invention, l'armature 26 est venue de matière avec la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12. L'armature 26 du stator 12 est aussi d'axe A, c'est à dire coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique. A cet effet, le bloc moteur 14 comporte une collerette 30 cylindrique arrière de centrage d'axe A, coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique, qui s'étend vers l'arrière, q ui est venue de matière avec le bloc moteur 14, et qui est destinée à être reçue dans un alésage complémentaire 32 aménagé dans la face avant transversale 24 de la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12.The stator 12 also comprises, on a rear face 23 of its fixing plate 22 an armature 26 of revolution, substantially cylindrical, which, according to the invention, carries part of a bearing 28 for rotationally supporting the rotor 16 , axis A. The detail of the rotational connection of the rotor 16 relative to the stator 12 will be described later. Advantageously, and in a nonlimiting manner of the invention, the armature 26 has come integrally with the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12. The armature 26 of the stator 12 is also of axis A, that is to say coaxial to the output shaft 20 of the heat engine. To this end, the engine block 14 comprises a rear cylindrical flange 30 for centering axis A, coaxial with the output shaft 20 of the heat engine, which extends towards the rear, which has come integrally with the engine block 14, and which is intended to be received in a complementary bore 32 arranged in the transverse front face 24 of the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12.
De manière connue, l'armature 26 du stator 12 comporte des moyens inductifs 34, par exemple des bobinages ou des aimants permanents, qui s'étendent en arrière de sa périphérie extérieure de façon à former des moyens inductifs associés du rotor 16 , qui seront décrit ultérieurement, pour former la machine électrique 10.In known manner, the armature 26 of the stator 12 comprises inductive means 34, for example windings or permanent magnets, which extend behind its outer periphery so as to form associated inductive means of the rotor 16, which will be described later, to form the electric machine 10.
De manière connue, le rotor 16 comporte une cage 36 de révolution , sensiblement cylind rique, qui est montée à rotation , par l'intermédiaire du palier 28, sur l'armature 26 du stator 12. Avantageusement la cage 36 du rotor 16 est extérieure à l'armature 26 du stator 12 et comporte un corps périphérique cylindrique 37 de grand diamètre q ui permet, lorsque la machine électrique 10 est assemblée, que l'armature 26 du stator 12 soit reçue pratiquement dans son intégralité à l'intérieur d u corps cylindrique 37 de la cage 36 du rotor 16. Le corps cylindrique 37 porte extérieurement des ailettes 39 permettant un refroidissement par air du rotor 16.In known manner, the rotor 16 comprises a cage 36 of revolution, substantially cylindrical, which is rotatably mounted, by means of the bearing 28, on the frame 26 of the stator 12. Advantageously, the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is external to the frame 26 of the stator 12 and comprises a cylindrical peripheral body 37 of large diameter which allows, when the electric machine 10 is assembled, that the frame 26 of the stator 12 is received practically in its entirety inside the body cylindrical 37 of the cage 36 of the rotor 16. The cylindrical body 37 externally carries fins 39 allowing air cooling of the rotor 16.
Ainsi, lorsque le machine électrique 1 0 est assemblée, comme représentée sur les figures, seule la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 16 fait saillie à l'avant du corps cylindrique 37 du rotor 16. Ceci présente l'avantage de protéger les moyens ind uctifs et le palier 28 de la machine électrique 1 0 d'éventuelles projections de poussières ou d'autres matières susceptibles de nuire à son fonctionnement.Thus, when the electric machine 1 0 is assembled, as shown in the figures, only the fixing plate 22 of the stator 16 protrudes in front of the cylindrical body 37 of the rotor 16. This has the advantage of protecting the means ind uctifs and the bearing 28 of the electric machine 1 0 possible projections of dust or other matter likely to affect its operation.
Conformément à l'invention, la cage 36 du rotor 16 est centrée sur l'armature 26 du stator 12 et est supportée en rotation par le palier 28 d'axe A. A cet effet, l'armature 26 du stator 12 comporte une première collerette 38 de support d u palier 28 , q ui s'étend axialement vers l'arrière intérieurement en regard d'une deuxième collerette 40 q ui appartient à la cage 36 du rotor. La deuxième collerette 40 s'étend vers l'avant à partir d'une paroi transversale 44 de la cage 36 du rotor 16. Des moyens de roulement, par exemple des rouleaux cylindriq ues ou une double rangée de billes sont agencés dans le logement 42 délimité par la première collerette 38 du stator 12 et la deuxième collerette 40 du rotor 16 pour former le palier 28.According to the invention, the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is centered on the frame 26 of the stator 12 and is rotatably supported by the bearing 28 of axis A. For this purpose, the frame 26 of the stator 12 has a first collar 38 for supporting the bearing 28, which extends axially towards the rear internally opposite a second flange 40 q which belongs to the cage 36 of the rotor. The second flange 40 extends forward from a transverse wall 44 of the cage 36 of the rotor 16. Rolling means, for example cylindrical rollers or a double row of balls are arranged in the housing 42 delimited by the first flange 38 of the stator 12 and the second flange 40 of the rotor 16 to form the bearing 28.
Avantageusement, le logement 42 est fermé à l'arrière par la paroi transversale 44 de la cage 36 et est ouvert à l'avant. En effet, la première collerette 38 comporte un épaulement 46 agencé en regard de l'extrémité avant de la deuxième collerette 40. Entre l'épaulement 46 avant de la première collerette 38 et la deuxième collerette 40 est agencé un joint annulaire 48 qui réalise l'étanchéité du logement 42 et plus particulièrement des moyens de roulement formant le palier 28. Ainsi, par exemple, le joint annulaire 48 est un joint à lèvre qui est porté par l'épaulement 46 et dont la lèvre glisse en rotation à l'intérieur de l'extrémité avant de la collerette 40.Advantageously, the housing 42 is closed at the rear by the transverse wall 44 of the cage 36 and is open at the front. Indeed, the first flange 38 has a shoulder 46 arranged opposite the front end of the second flange 40. Between the shoulder 46 before the first flange 38 and the second flange 40 is arranged an annular seal 48 which realizes the sealing of the housing 42 and more particularly of the rolling means forming the bearing 28. Thus, for example, the annular seal 48 is a lip seal which is carried by the shoulder 46 and whose lip slides in rotation inside from the front end of the collar 40.
Ainsi, lors de l'assemblage du rotor 16 sur le stator 12, la deuxième collerette 40 qui porte le joint 48 et les moyens de roulement formant le palier 28 est directement enfilée axialement d'arrière en avant sur la première collerette 38 de l'armature 26 du stator 12. L'extrémité avant de la collerette 40 peut comporter à l'intérieur un chanfrein d'introd uction (non représenté) pour faciliter le passage de la lèvre du joint 48.0Thus, during assembly of the rotor 16 on the stator 12, the second flange 40 which carries the seal 48 and the rolling means forming the bearing 28 is directly threaded axially from back to front on the first flange 38 of the armature 26 of the stator 12. The front end of the flange 40 may have inside an introductory chamfer (not shown) to facilitate the passage of the lip of the seal 48.0
Avantageusement, la paroi transversale arrière 44 de la cage 36 du rotor comporte des lumières 45 permettant l'accès aux vis de fixation 13 de l'armature 26 du stator, ce q ui permet notamment de démonter la machine électrique 10 du bloc moteur 14 sans séparer la cage 36 du rotor de l'armature 26 du stator. Similairement à l'armature 26 du stator 12, le corps cylindrique 37 de la cage 36 du rotor 16 comporte intérieurement des moyens inductifs 50 pour former la machine électriq ue 1 0 en coopération avec les moyens inductifs 34 du stator 12 précédemment décrits. Les moyens inductifs 50 peuvent être réalisés similairement au moyen de bobinages ou d'aimants permanents, et sont agencés en regard des moyens inductifs 34 du stator 12 de façon à définir un entrefer 52 délimité par la différence de diamètre entre le diamètre extérieur des moyens inductifs 34 du stator 12 et le diamètre intérieur des moyens inductifs 50 du rotor 16. L'entrefer 52 permet l'établissement d'un champ magnétique entre les moyens inductifs 34 et 50, qui permet le fonctionnement de la machine électrique 10. La machine électrique 1 0 peut avantageusement fonctionner indifféremment en moteur ou en générateur en fonction de la façon dont les moyens inductifs 34 et 50 sont commandés.Advantageously, the rear transverse wall 44 of the cage 36 of the rotor has lights 45 allowing access to the fixing screws 13 of the frame 26 of the stator, which in particular makes it possible to dismantle the electric machine 10 from the engine block 14 without separate the cage 36 from the rotor of the armature 26 of the stator. Similar to the frame 26 of the stator 12, the cylindrical body 37 of the cage 36 of the rotor 16 has internally inductive means 50 to form the electric machine 1 0 in cooperation with the inductive means 34 of the stator 12 previously described. The inductive means 50 can be produced similarly by means of coils or permanent magnets, and are arranged opposite the inductive means 34 of the stator 12 so as to define an air gap 52 delimited by the difference in diameter between the outside diameter of the inductive means 34 of the stator 12 and the internal diameter of the inductive means 50 of the rotor 16. The air gap 52 allows the establishment of a magnetic field between the inductive means 34 and 50, which allows the operation of the electric machine 10. The electric machine 1 0 can advantageously operate either as a motor or as a generator depending on how the inductive means 34 and 50 are controlled.
Lorsque la machine électrique 10 fonctionne, celle-ci peut être sujette à un échauffement car ses bobinages sont parcourus par des courants de forte intensité. A cet effet, la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12 comporte une cavité (non représentée) qui comporte des orifices de circulation 54 débouchant dans la face avant 24 de la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12 en regard de conduits 56 de circulation associés d'un fluide de refroidissement du bloc 14 du moteur thermique. Le fluide de refroidissement peut être l'huile de lubrification du moteur thermique ou le fluide de refroidissement du moteur thermique, par exemple à base de glycol. Des joints toriques 58 sont agencés à la jonction entre les orifices de circulation 54 et les conduits de circulation 56 pour garantir une parfaite étanchéité du système de refroidissement de la machine électriq ue 1 0.When the electric machine 10 is operating, it may be subject to overheating because its windings are traversed by high intensity currents. To this end, the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 has a cavity (not shown) which has circulation orifices 54 opening out into the front face 24 of the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 opposite the associated circulation conduits 56 d 'a coolant of the block 14 of the heat engine. The coolant can be the lubricating oil of the heat engine or the coolant of the heat engine, for example based on glycol. O-rings 58 are arranged at the junction between the circulation orifices 54 and the circulation conduits 56 to guarantee perfect tightness of the cooling system of the electric machine 1 0.
Conformément à l'invention , la cage 36 du rotor 16 est liée en rotation à l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique et à l'organe 1 8 d'entrée de la transmission.In accordance with the invention, the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is linked in rotation to the output shaft 20 of the heat engine and to the input member 1 8 of the transmission.
La liaison de la cage 36 du rotor à l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique est réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre de liaison 60 qui s'étend axialement vers l'avant à partir de la cage 36 du rotor, qui traverse la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12, et dont l'extrémité avant 62 coopère avec l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique. Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'extrémité avant 62 de l'arbre de liaison 60 est can nelée extérieurement et est reçue par un jeu de cannelures complémentaires de l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique. Cette disposition n'est pas limitative de l'invention et, en variante, une extrémité cannelée de l'arbre de sortie 20 pourra être reçue à l'intérieur de la cage 36 du rotor 16.The connection of the cage 36 of the rotor to the output shaft 20 of the heat engine is carried out by means of a connecting shaft 60 which extends axially forward from the cage 36 of the rotor, which crosses the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12, and the front end 62 of which cooperates with the output shaft 20 of the heat engine. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the front end 62 of the connecting shaft 60 is externally grooved and is received by a set of complementary grooves in the output shaft 20 of the heat engine. This arrangement is not limitative of the invention and, as a variant, a splined end of the output shaft 20 can be received inside the cage 36 of the rotor 16.
Dans le premier mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 1 , l'arbre de liaison 60 est un arbre intermédiaire indépendant disposé entre la cage 36 du rotor et l'arbre 20 de sortie du moteur thermique. Ainsi, la cage 36 du rotor 16 comporte un alésage 64 d'axe A qui reçoit une extrémité arrière 66 de l'arbre de liaison 60. L'alésage 64 est cannelé intérieurement et reçoit l'extrémité arrière 66, cannelée extérieurement, de l'arbre de liaison 60. Avantageusement, l'alésage 64 est fermé à son extrémité arrière par un bouchon 68 qui permet de protéger efficacement les cannelures extérieures de l'arbre 60 , les cannelures complémentaires de l'alésage 64 de la cage 36 et les cannelures complémentaires de l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique contre d'éventuelles poussières. Le logement 67 comportant l'arbre de liaison 60 est donc parfaitement étanche et est sujet à une lubrification réalisée par l'huile du moteur. Afin de garantir une pérennité de cette lubrification , des moyens d'étanchéité 70, réalisés par exemple sous la forme d'un joint torique de grand diamètre, sont interposés entre la plaque de fixation 22 du stator 12 et le bloc moteur 14 afin d'éviter toute fuite de lubrifiant.In the first embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the connecting shaft 60 is an independent intermediate shaft disposed between the cage 36 of the rotor and the output shaft 20 of the engine. Thus, the cage 36 of the rotor 16 has a bore 64 of axis A which receives a rear end 66 of the connecting shaft 60. The bore 64 is internally grooved and receives the rear end 66, externally grooved, of the 'connecting shaft 60. Advantageously, the bore 64 is closed at its rear end by a plug 68 which effectively protects the outer splines of the shaft 60, the complementary splines of the bore 64 of the cage 36 and the complementary splines of the output shaft 20 of the heat engine against possible dust. The housing 67 comprising the connecting shaft 60 is therefore perfectly sealed and is subject to lubrication carried out by engine oil. In order to guarantee the durability of this lubrication, sealing means 70, produced for example in the form of a large diameter O-ring, are interposed between the fixing plate 22 of the stator 12 and the engine block 14 in order to avoid leaking lubricant.
On remarquera que ce premier mode de réalisation est plus particulièrement associé à un moteur thermique présentant un faible couple, l'arbre de liaison 60 jouant alors le rôle d'un amortisseur de torsion entre l'arbre de sortie 20 du moteur thermique et la cage 36 du rotor 16.It will be noted that this first embodiment is more particularly associated with a heat engine having a low torque, the connecting shaft 60 then playing the role of a torsional damper between the output shaft 20 of the heat engine and the cage 36 of rotor 16.
Dans u n deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention illustré à la figure 2, l'arbre de liaison 60 est réalisé venu de matière avec la cage 36 du rotor 16. A ce titre, il possède une plus grande raideur en torsion qui lui permet avantageusement de transmettre des couples importants générés par exemple par un moteur thermique de puissance supérieure. Dans ce cas, la cage 36 du rotor 16 ne comporte pas d'alésage 64 ni de bouchon 68.In a second embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 2, the connecting shaft 60 is produced integrally with the cage 36 of the rotor 16. As such, it has a greater torsional stiffness which allows it advantageously to transmit large torques generated for example by an engine of higher power. In this case, the cage 36 of the rotor 16 does not have a bore 64 or a plug 68.
Enfin, la cage 36 d u rotor 16 est liée à l'organe d'entrée 18 de la transmission du véhicule.Finally, the cage 36 of the rotor 16 is linked to the input member 18 of the vehicle transmission.
Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention , la paroi transversale arrière 44 la cage 36 du rotor 16 forme plateau de réaction d'un embrayage 72 à friction qui est couplé à une boîte de vitesses mécanique de la transmission par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre cannelé 74. Cette disposition n'est pas restrictive de l'invention et, en variante (non représentée) , la cage 36 du rotor 16 pourrait être accouplée par l'intermédiaire de sa paroi transversale arrière 44 à une roue de turbine d'un convertisseur de couple d'une boîte automatique de la transmission.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the rear transverse wall 44 the cage 36 of the rotor 16 forms the reaction plate of a friction clutch 72 which is coupled to a mechanical gearbox of the transmission via 'a splined shaft 74. This arrangement is not restrictive of the invention and, as a variant (not shown), the cage 36 of the rotor 16 could be coupled via its rear transverse wall 44 to a turbine wheel. of a torque converter of an automatic transmission.
Le groupe motopropulseur comportant la machine électrique 10 compacte suivant l'invention est particulièrement avantageux en ce qu'une telle machine électriq ue 1 0 est particulièrement bien éq uilibrée. Elle peut donc remplir ses fonctions de démarrage du moteur thermique, de moteur électrique auxiliaire permettant de fournir un surcroît de puissance au moteur thermique, et d'alternateur, tout en ne transmettant qu'un minimum de vibrations à la transmission, ce q ui est un gage de confort et de fiabilité. The powertrain comprising the compact electric machine 10 according to the invention is particularly advantageous in that such an electric machine 1 0 is particularly well balanced. It can therefore fulfill its functions of starting the heat engine, of an auxiliary electric motor making it possible to provide additional power to the heat engine, and of the alternator, while transmitting only a minimum of vibrations to the transmission, which is a guarantee of comfort and reliability.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Groupe motopropulseur pour véhicule automobile, du type qui comporte d'avant en arrière un moteur thermique dont un arbre de sortie (20) est accouplé à un organe d'entrée (1 8) d'une transmission qui est susceptible de transmettre une puissance motrice à des roues du véhicule, du type dans lequel une machine électrique (10) est interposée entre l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique et l'organe d'entrée (18) de la transmission pour fonctionner indifféremment en moteur ou en générateur, et du type dans lequel la machine électrique (1 0) comporte un stator ( 12) qui est fixé rigidement à un bloc (14) d u moteur thermique, et un rotor (16) qui est lié en rotation à l'organe d'entrée (18) de la transmission et à l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique, caractérisé en ce que le stator (12) comporte au moins un palier (28) de support en rotation du rotor (16).1. Powertrain for a motor vehicle, of the type which includes a thermal engine from front to back, an output shaft (20) of which is coupled to an input member (1 8) of a transmission which is capable of transmitting motive power to vehicle wheels, of the type in which an electric machine (10) is interposed between the output shaft (20) of the heat engine and the input member (18) of the transmission to operate either as an engine or generator, and of the type in which the electric machine (1 0) comprises a stator (12) which is rigidly fixed to a block (14) of the heat engine, and a rotor (16) which is linked in rotation to the member d input (18) of the transmission and the output shaft (20) of the heat engine, characterized in that the stator (12) comprises at least one bearing (28) for supporting the rotation of the rotor (16).
2. Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le stator (12) comporte une plaque (22) de fixation dont une face avant (24) est fixée directement sur le bloc moteur (14), et dont une face arrière (23) porte une armature de révolution (26) qui est coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie (20) d u moteur thermique et qui comporte le palier (28) de support en rotation d'une cage (36) de révolution du rotor (16) , complémentaire de l'armature (26) du stator (12) .2. Powertrain according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator (12) comprises a fixing plate (22), one front face (24) of which is fixed directly to the engine block (14), and one rear face of which ( 23) carries a frame of revolution (26) which is coaxial with the output shaft (20) of the heat engine and which comprises the bearing (28) for supporting in rotation a cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16 ), complementary to the frame (26) of the stator (12).
3. Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce q ue l'armature de révolution (26) du stator (12) est centrée coaxialement à l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette (30) cylindrique de centrage, qui est coaxiale à l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique, et qui s'étend vers l'arrière à partir d u bloc (14) d u moteur thermique pour être reçue dans un alésage (32) complémentaire de l'armature (26) de révolution du stator (12).3. Powertrain according to claim 2, characterized in that the revolution armature (26) of the stator (12) is centered coaxially with the output shaft (20) of the heat engine via a flange (30) cylindrical centering, which is coaxial with the output shaft (20) of the heat engine, and which extends rearward from the block (14) of the heat engine to be received in a bore (32) complementary to the armature (26) of revolution of the stator (12).
4. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le stator (12) porte à l'arrière de son armature (26) de révolution des moyens inductifs (34).4. Powertrain according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the stator (12) carries at the rear of its armature (26) of revolution of the inductive means (34).
5. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (26) de révolution du stator (12) comporte une première collerette (38) du palier qui s'étend vers l'arrière, radialement en regard d'une deuxième collerette (40) de palier s'étendant vers l'avant à partir de l'avant de la cage (36) de révolution du rotor (16), et en ce que des moyens de roulement sont agencés entre les première (38) et deuxième (40) collerette de palier pour former le palier (28) unique de support du rotor (16).5. Powertrain according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the armature (26) of revolution of the stator (12) comprises a first flange (38) of the bearing which extends towards the rear, radially opposite a second bearing flange (40) extending forward from the front of the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16), and in that the rolling means are arranged between the first (38) and second (40) bearing flange to form the single bearing (28) for supporting the rotor (16).
6. Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que des moyens (48) d'étanchéité de palier sont agencés entre les première (38) et deuxième (40) collerette de palier. 6. Powertrain according to claim 5, characterized in that means (48) for sealing the bearing are arranged between the first (38) and second (40) bearing flanges.
7. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la cage (36) de révolution du rotor (16) est liée à l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre (60) de liaison dont une extrémité cannelée avant traverse l'armature (26) de révolution du stator (12) et est reçue par des cannelures complémentaires de l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique.7. Powertrain according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16) is linked to the output shaft (20) of the heat engine via d 'A connecting shaft (60) of which a front splined end passes through the armature (26) of revolution of the stator (12) and is received by splines complementary to the output shaft (20) of the heat engine.
8. Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 7 , caractérisé en ce que l'arbre de liaison (60) est venu de matière avec la cage (36) de révolution du rotor (16). 8. Powertrain according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting shaft (60) came integrally with the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16).
9. Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre de liaison (60) comporte une extrémité cannelée arrière qui est reçue par des cannelures complémentaires d'un alésage (64) de la cage de révolution du rotor.9. Powertrain according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting shaft (60) has a rear splined end which is received by splines complementary to a bore (64) of the rotor revolution cage.
10. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la cage (36) de révolution d u rotor (12) comporte, radialement de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, un corps périphérique cylindrique (37) qui s'étend vers l'avant et dont une paroi intérieure porte des moyens inductifs (50) agencés extérieurement en regard des moyens inductifs (34) de l'armature (26) de révolution du stator (12) , puis la deuxième collerette (40) de palier q ui est agencée extérieurement en regard de la première collerette (38) de palier du stator (12), et enfin l'arbre de liaison (60) en rotation à l'arbre de sortie (20) du moteur thermique.10. Powertrain according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (12) comprises, radially from the outside to the inside, a cylindrical peripheral body (37) which extends forward and an inner wall of which carries inductive means (50) arranged externally opposite the inductive means (34) of the armature (26) of revolution of the stator (12), then the second flange ( 40) bearing which is arranged externally opposite the first flange (38) of the stator bearing (12), and finally the connecting shaft (60) in rotation with the output shaft (20) of the heat engine .
1 1 . Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le stator1 1. Powertrain according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator
(12) comporte au moins une cavité de refroidissement dont au moins deux orifices (54) de circulation débouchent dans la face avant (24) de la plaque de fixation (22) du stator (12) en regard de conduits de circulation (56) associés d'un fluide de refroidissement du bloc du moteur thermique.(12) has at least one cooling cavity, at least two orifices (54) for circulation of which open into the front face (24) of the fixing plate (22) of the stator (12) facing circulation conduits (56) associated with a coolant for the engine block.
12. Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 1 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens d'étanchéité (58 , 70) entre la plaque de fixation (22) du stator et le bloc (14) du moteur thermique. 12. Powertrain according to claim 1 1, characterized in that it comprises sealing means (58, 70) between the fixing plate (22) of the stator and the block (14) of the heat engine.
13. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le corps périphérique cylind rique (37) du rotor (16) comporte des ailettes (39) de refroidissement qui s'étendent radialement vers l'extérieur pour assurer un refroidissement de la machine électrique (10) par circulation d'air.13. Powertrain according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the cylindrical peripheral body (37) of the rotor (16) comprises cooling fins (39) which extend radially outwards to ensure cooling of the electric machine (10) by air circulation.
14. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la cage (36) de révolution du rotor (16) comporte des lumières (45) permettant l'accès à des vis (13) axiales de fixation de l'armature (26) de révolution du stator (12).14. Powertrain according to any one of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16) comprises lights (45) allowing access to screws (13) for fixing the armature (26) of revolution of the stator (12).
15. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une q uelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens inductifs (34, 50) comportent des aimants permanents du stator (12), respectivement du rotor (16), agencés radialement en regard de bobinages du rotor (16), respectivement du stator (12). 15. Powertrain according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inductive means (34, 50) comprise permanent magnets of the stator (12) and of the rotor (16) respectively, arranged radially opposite the windings of the rotor (16), respectively of the stator (12).
16. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 15 caractérisé en ce que la cage (36) de révolution d u rotor (16) comporte une paroi (44) transversale arrière qui forme plateau de réaction d'un embrayage (72) à friction couplé à une boîte de vitesse mécanique de la transmission .16. Powertrain according to any one of claims 2 to 15 characterized in that the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16) has a rear transverse wall (44) which forms the reaction plate of a clutch (72) friction coupled to a mechanical transmission gearbox.
17. Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 15 caractérisé en ce que la cage (36) de révolution du rotor (16) comporte une paroi transversale arrière (44) qui est accouplée à une roue de turbine d'un convertisseur d'une boîte de vitesse automatique de la transmission . 17. Powertrain according to any one of claims 2 to 15 characterized in that the cage (36) of revolution of the rotor (16) has a rear transverse wall (44) which is coupled to a turbine wheel of a converter of an automatic transmission gearbox.
PCT/FR1999/002841 1998-11-20 1999-11-19 Engine transmission unit comprising an electrical machine interposed between the heat engine and the transmission WO2000031411A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99956085A EP1131555A1 (en) 1998-11-20 1999-11-19 Engine transmission unit comprising an electrical machine interposed between the heat engine and the transmission

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR98/14620 1998-11-20
FR9814620A FR2786136B1 (en) 1998-11-20 1998-11-20 MOTOR-PROPELLER GROUP INCLUDING AN ELECTRIC MACHINE INTERPOSED BETWEEN THE HEAT ENGINE AND THE TRANSMISSION

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FR (1) FR2786136B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000031411A1 (en)

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GB2426873A (en) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-06 Caterpillar Inc Mounting motor/generator between transmission and prime mover
DE102007027490A1 (en) * 2007-06-14 2008-12-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drive device of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle
CN103775644A (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-05-07 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Connecting leakproof structure for electric generator and crank case of hybrid electric vehicle
US11524672B2 (en) 2018-09-26 2022-12-13 Elephant Racing, LLC Control techniques for controlling electric hybrid retrofitted vehicles

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FR2822109B1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-07-18 Renault MOTOR-PROPELLER GROUP FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
DE10128424A1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-19 Zf Sachs Ag Drive system has hydrodynamic coupling, electrical machine and housing with coolant channel arrangement in region that carries machine's stator arrangement
RU2497017C2 (en) * 2009-11-26 2013-10-27 Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации Starter-generator set of vehicle
DE102013215615A1 (en) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-12 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Assembly for a drive train of a motor vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2426873A (en) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-06 Caterpillar Inc Mounting motor/generator between transmission and prime mover
US7370716B2 (en) 2005-06-01 2008-05-13 Caterpillar Inc. Motor/generator
DE102007027490A1 (en) * 2007-06-14 2008-12-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drive device of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle
CN103775644A (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-05-07 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Connecting leakproof structure for electric generator and crank case of hybrid electric vehicle
US11524672B2 (en) 2018-09-26 2022-12-13 Elephant Racing, LLC Control techniques for controlling electric hybrid retrofitted vehicles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1131555A1 (en) 2001-09-12
FR2786136A1 (en) 2000-05-26
FR2786136B1 (en) 2001-01-05

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