WO2000021702A1 - Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000021702A1
WO2000021702A1 PCT/US1998/021646 US9821646W WO0021702A1 WO 2000021702 A1 WO2000021702 A1 WO 2000021702A1 US 9821646 W US9821646 W US 9821646W WO 0021702 A1 WO0021702 A1 WO 0021702A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
erosion
pour tube
resistant
refractory
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/021646
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eric Hanse
Paul M. Benson
Original Assignee
Vesuvius Crucible Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vesuvius Crucible Company filed Critical Vesuvius Crucible Company
Priority to ES98953475T priority Critical patent/ES2210838T3/es
Priority to PCT/US1998/021646 priority patent/WO2000021702A1/fr
Priority to AT98953475T priority patent/ATE257052T1/de
Priority to DE69820913T priority patent/DE69820913T2/de
Priority to AU10840/99A priority patent/AU1084099A/en
Priority to EP98953475A priority patent/EP1144145B1/fr
Priority to CA002347254A priority patent/CA2347254A1/fr
Priority to TW088117055A priority patent/TW418136B/zh
Priority to ZA9906440A priority patent/ZA996440B/xx
Publication of WO2000021702A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000021702A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/505—Rings, inserts or other means preventing external nozzle erosion by the slag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/52—Manufacturing or repairing thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to metallurgical pour tubes having at least one end of the tube, typically the downstream end, immersed m a pool of molten metal.
  • Pour tubes conduct molten metal from one metallurgical vessel into a mold or another vessel .
  • Examples of such tubes 10 include sub-entry nozzles (SENs) and sub-entry shrouds (SESs) , which find particular utility m the continuous casting of molten steel .
  • SENs sub-entry nozzles
  • SESs sub-entry shrouds
  • a stream of 15 molten steel is typically transferred via a pour tube from a first metallurgical vessel into a second metallurgical vessel or mold.
  • the downstream end of the pour tube is immersed m a pool of molten steel, and has sub-surface outlets below the surface level of the molten 20 steel. Such outlets permit the steel to pass from the first vessel to the second vessel or mold without contacting air or slag. This reduces oxidation and limits contamination by slag.
  • pour tubes are typically preheated before use, but 25 although preheated, the tubes are relatively cold compared to the molten steel.
  • the molten steel passing through or around the tube subjects the tube to thermal shock, which can cause the tube to fracture. Consequently, pour tubes typically comprise thermal 30 shock-resistant refractories.
  • an immersed pour tube extends through a layer of slag floating on the molten steel.
  • Slag may comprise glasses, fluxes, mold powders or various impurities.
  • Slag is corrosive, and the pour tube may erode more quickly where it comes m contact with the slag, that is, at the slag-line, than the remainder of the pour tube.
  • the tube may fracture where such erosion occurs.
  • a fractured tube permits slag to mix with the molten steel and also exposes the steel to oxidation.
  • a pour tube immersed m a mold often has sub-surface outlets designed to affect flow patterns and crystallization of the molten steel. Loss of the downstream end having the sub-surface outlets may thereby compromise steel quality and, m some cases, may permit breakout m the frozen steel strand issuing from the mold.
  • Attempts to prevent erosion of an immersed pour tube involve the use of collars fitted around the pour tube at the slag-line.
  • Such collars, or slag-line sleeves protect the tube from contact with corrosive slag.
  • the sleeve may move relative to the outside surface of the tube, and permit the sleeve to rise and fall with changes m the molten steel level.
  • a slag-line sleeve may be connected to a mechanism capable of raising or lowering the sleeve m response to melt level .
  • the sleeve may even form a type of crucible surrounding the pour tube.
  • the crucible has at least one opening communicating with a sub-surface outlet m the pour tube.
  • Sleeves may also be fixedly attached to the outside of the pour tube.
  • sleeves have been mortared, threaded, or copressed onto the pour tube.
  • a mortared construction involves cementing an erosion resistant sleeve onto the exterior of a pour tube.
  • a threaded, erosion-resistant sleeve may be screwed onto the outer surface of the tube .
  • Copressmg involves pressing together two refractory mixes or one refractory mix and a pre-fired component, and then firing into a single piece.
  • Slag-line sleeves often comprise erosion-resistant refractories, such as zirconia, zirconia-graphite, silicon nitride, boron nitride, and zirconium dibo ⁇ de .
  • Additional sleeve compositions include magnesia, magnesia-graphite, magnesia-alumina spinels and dense alumina.
  • erosion-resistant refractories often have poor thermal shock-resistance. This property is especially detrimental with pour tubes having fixedly attached sleeves. Attempts to improve thermal shock-resistance by modifying the composition of the sleeve, for example, by adding graphite, frequently compromises erosion-resistance.
  • Encapsulating the sleeve within the body of the pour tube may minimize thermal shock to the sleeve.
  • the encapsulated sleeve lies between an inner and outer ring of thermal shock-resistant material . These rings are believed to absorb the extreme thermal gradients, which diffuse to the sleeve only gradually. Reduced thermal gradients may permit the use of extremely erosion- resistant materials, such as high-density, sintered zirconia.
  • the encapsulated sleeve should continue to protect the pour tube from the slag after the outer ring of thermal shock- resistant material has eroded away.
  • a limitation of this design is the high thermal expansion of erosion-resistant materials.
  • the encapsulated sleeve will expand more than the body of the pour tube and could cause the pour tube to fracture from the inside out .
  • An attempt to overcome this deficiency is a pour tube having an inner and an outer slag-line sleeve.
  • the inner sleeve made from a highly erosion-resistant material, is completely encapsulated between the pour tube and the outer sleeve.
  • the outer sleeve is made of a material intermediate between the erosion-resistance and thermal expansion of the body and the inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is expected to decrease thermal stresses within the pour tube .
  • the present invention describes a pour tube and a method of manufacturing a pour tube both having an erosion-resistant sleeve.
  • An object of the invention is to produce a pour tube having an erosion-resistant, slag- line sleeve, wherein both the body of the pour tube and the sleeve resist cracking due to thermal shock or thermal expansion.
  • a further object of the invention is to include an internal slag-lme sleeve within such a tube .
  • the article describes a pour tube having a body defining an interior cavity. A sleeve is located within the cavity. The cavity is larger than the sleeve so that an accommodation region is defined between the sleeve and the body.
  • the region is sufficiently large to permit thermal expansion of the sleeve without fracturing the body of the pour tube .
  • One aspect of the article describes the accommodation region as a gap, or, alternatively, as containing a compressible material.
  • Another aspect describes the erosion-resistant sleeve as comprising zirconia or magnesia.
  • a further aspect describes the sleeve as copressed with the body of the pour tube.
  • Still another aspect of the invention describes the interior cavity as formed by the interface of the body with a third component .
  • One method for making the article of the invention includes coating a sleeve with a spacer material and pressing the coated sleeve within the body of the pour tube to form a pressed piece. The pressed piece can be fired thereby removing at least some of the spacer material and creating an accommodation region. Vents may be provided for the elimination of spacer material.
  • the spacer material is described as comprising a transient or compressible material.
  • Another method of producing the article of the invention comprises co-filling a mold with erosion- resistant and thermal shock-resistant particulate refractories.
  • the erosion-resistant refractory is segregated to the slag-lme by a guide means and a spacer material is placed adjacent to the erosion-resistant refractory.
  • the filled mold is pressed and fired to create a pour tube having a slag-lme sleeve separated from the body by an accommodation region.
  • An alternative method of producing the article of the invention describes co-pressing a sleeve of a transient material mside the pour tube at the slag-lme. The transient material may then be eliminated to form an interior cavity.
  • a refractory composition s inserted into the cavity and subsequently densified.
  • One aspect of this method describes the refractory composition as an m ectable material comprising, for example, a particulate refractory and wax.
  • the refractory composition is described as densifymg at temperatures greater than about 1300°C. In either embodiment, an accommodation region is produced after firing .
  • Still another method of producing the article of the invention describes mechanically securing an erosion- resistant, sleeve at the slag-lme of a pour tube and covering the sleeve with a third component.
  • the third component is described as a refractory piece designed to fit over the sleeve and create an accommodation region when positioned around the sleeve.
  • the third component may be a compressible material, such as a refractory fiber.
  • An aspect of this method uses a fourth component to secure the third component place.
  • FIG. 2 shows a prior art pour tube 1 having a slag- lme sleeve 3 completely encapsulated the body 2 of the pour tube.
  • FIG. 3 shows a prior art pour tube 1 having two slag-lme sleeves, a first sleeve 3 comprising a highly erosion-resistant material and a second sleeve 4 comprised of a less erosion-resistant material, arranged so that the first sleeve 3 is sandwiched between the body
  • FIG. 4 shows a pour tube 1 of the current invention having a body 2 with a slag-lme sleeve 4 disposed within an interior cavity 3.
  • An accommodation region 5, shown as a gap 6, exists the region between the sleeve 4 and the body 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a pour tube 1 of the current invention having an accommodation region 5 and vents 7 for the elimination of transient material.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pour tube 1 of the current invention where the slag-lme sleeve 3 is covered by a third component 8 which is secured to the pour tube 1 by a fourth component 9.
  • FIG. 4 An article of the present invention is shown FIG. 4 and comprises a pour tube 1 having a body 2 with an interior cavity 3. A sleeve 4 is enclosed within the interior cavity 3. An accommodation region 5 exists m the interior cavity 3 between the sleeve 4 and the body 2. In this embodiment, the accommodation region 5 is shown as a gap 6.
  • the pour tube In operation, the pour tube is subjected to extreme thermal gradients.
  • the body of the pour tube insulates the annular sleeve from the resulting thermal shock and allows the sleeve's temperature to change only slowly, thereby reducing the likelihood that the sleeve will fracture.
  • the accommodation region permits the sleeve to expand without fracturing the body.
  • the body comprises a material possessing good thermal shock-resistance, and includes, for example, alumina-graphite and fused silica refractories. Most commonly, the tube will be an alumina-graphite composition, ranging from about 45 to about 80 weight percent alumina with the balance comprising graphite.
  • the composition is about 62-67 wt . % alumina, about 20-25 wt . % graphite, with the balance comprising silica, zirconia, silicon, and other oxides.
  • a suitable refractory for the body portion will generally have a coefficient of thermal expansion below about 6 x 10 "6 /°C, and preferably about 4 x 10 6 /°C
  • the sleeve is within the interior cavity of the pour tube, preferably at the slag-lme.
  • the shape of the sleeve will depend on several variables, such as the shape of the pour tube, the depth of immersion, and the depth of the slag.
  • a sleeve will most commonly be cylindrical; however, it is anticipated that other shapes may be used, such as flat plates or asymmetric shapes. Reference to a sleeve will assume various shapes and should not be construed as limiting the sleeve to a cylindrical tube.
  • the sleeve must resist erosion caused by slag.
  • Slag may comprise glasses, fluxes, oxides, mold powders, insulating powders or various impurities that float on the surface of molten steel during casting.
  • the sleeve may comprise various erosion-resistant compositions including, for example, zirconia, titanates, nitrides, magnesia, dense alumina, and spinels of magnesia, alumina and graphite.
  • Such compositions may be sintered or carbon-bonded.
  • carbon-bonded zirconia will comprise about 80-99.5 wt . % zirconia and about 0.5-20 wt . % carbon.
  • a typical carbon-bonded composition contains 88 wt .
  • Erosion-resistant compositions used as slag-lme sleeves typically have thermal expansion coefficients greater than 6 x 10 6 /°C .
  • the difference m thermal expansion coefficients between the body and the sleeve causes the sleeve to expand with temperature more than the body. In practice, the sleeve often expands more than twice as much as the body.
  • thermal shock or thermal expansion may fracture the pour tube or the sleeve.
  • the present invention has an accommodation region between the sleeve and the body.
  • This region permits expansion of the sleeve without fracturing the body or the sleeve.
  • the region is defined as large enough that stresses caused by thermal expansion will not fracture the body or the sleeve.
  • the region may be made large enough to accommodate the entire expansion of the sleeve. Obviously, the size of the region depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the thermal expansions and geometries of the body and the sleeve, and the casting temperature of the steel.
  • the accommodation region may be a gap.
  • the gap should be large enough to permit the sleeve to expand without placing unacceptable stress on the body of the pour tube. Conveniently, the gap is made large enough to accommodate thermal expansion of the sleeve at the temperature of casting.
  • the accommodation region may also be a compressible material, instead of or m conjunction with a gap. As the sleeve expands, the compressible material compacts thereby minimizing stresses transmitted to the body.
  • the compressible material should have a refractory composition, and most commonly will be a refractory fiber, for example, a ceramic fiber, such as silica or alumina.
  • the compressible material may also advantageously secure the slag-lme sleeve within the interior cavity.
  • the article of the present invention may be made by several methods . These methods may make use of a spacer material comprising a transient or compressible material .
  • a transient material is any composition that can be eliminated from around a sleeve after pressing. Elimination of the transient material creates a gap between the body of the pour tube and the sleeve where the transient material had been.
  • Transient materials may be eliminated by, for example, melting, volatilizing, combusting, degrading, or shrinking. Heat from the firing or actual use of the article may be used to effect these transitions.
  • Transient materials may comprise metals, ceramics and organic compounds. Metals will typically be low melting point metals or alloys, such as lead.
  • a ceramic may leave a gap between the sleeve and the body by, for example, shrinking as a result of sintering or degradation.
  • the transient material will be an organic material, such as wax, which can both melt and volatilize at elevated temperatures.
  • the body 2 of the pour tube 1 will have one or more vents 7, which permit elimination of the transient material or its degradation products.
  • a compressible material may be used m conjunction with or independent of the transient material.
  • the compressible material may expand to occupy the gap created by elimination of the transient material.
  • Use of a compressible material may reduce or eliminate the need for vents.
  • the compressible material should be a refractory fiber, such as a ceramic fiber, or an expanded refractory material .
  • the amount of spacer material required depends upon the disparity m thermal expansion and processing shrinkage between the body of the pour tube and the sleeve. A larger disparity suggests the use of a greater amount of spacer material .
  • the spacer material should be present at least m sufficient amount to prevent fracture of the body by thermal expansion of the sleeve. Preferably, the amount of spacer material will fully compensate for the disparity. In other words, at casting temperatures, the sleeve will expand to completely fill the region between the body and the sleeve.
  • One method of making the article of the present invention involves placing a pre-shaped sleeve mside a thermal shock-resistant, particulate, refractory body and subsequently pressing the sleeve within the body.
  • Particulate means any type of material whether powdered, granular, fibrous, chunked, or any shape or combination of shapes, and of whatever size, which is amenable to being pressed into a form.
  • the sleeve comprises an erosion-resistant refractory and may be pre-fired.
  • the sleeve is coated with a spacer material before pressing within the body. The sleeve and body are pressed to form a piece, so that the refractory body is compacted around the sleeve.
  • the piece is isopressed, and most preferably the piece is isopressed on the mside and outside of the piece.
  • the piece is then fired, and an interior cavity forms that is slightly larger than the sleeve so that a region is created between the body and the sleeve.
  • the region may include a gap when the spacer material used to coat the sleeve comprises a transient material .
  • the article of the present invention may also be made by co-fillmg a mold with an erosion-resistant particulate refractory and a thermal shock-resistant particulate refractory.
  • a guide means directs the erosion-resistant refractory to its proper place m the mold, that is, where the slag-lme sleeve will be.
  • the guide means is often a funnel, tube or annular form, but may be anything capable of directing a particulate into a mold. Often, a plurality of guide means are used.
  • a spacer material is then introduced adjacent to the erosion-resistant refractory.
  • the guide means may comprise the spacer material, such as, for example, wax slips.
  • the filled mold is then pressed to form a piece and the piece is fired to produce the article. Pressing is most commonly done by isopressing.
  • the firing temperature should be sufficiently high to densify the erosion-resistant refractory. Such a temperature is typically above 1300°C.
  • An alternative method for producing the article involves first creating an annular cavity within the thermal shock-resistant body of the pour tube. This may be done by forming an annular piece comprising a spacer material, typically an incompressible transient material such as wax or a low melting point metal. The annular piece is copressed with the thermal shock-resistant body. The spacer material is then substantially eliminated from the cavity, for example, by melting. The spacer material may also sublime, volatilize or otherwise be removed from the cavity. A refractory material having good erosion- resistance may then be inserted into the cavity.
  • a representative composition includes zirconia or zirconia- graphite. Insertion is preferably accomplished using an injectable refractory.
  • Injectable refractories comprise a particulate refractory with a transient flow agent, such as wax. Firing the resulting pour tube at elevated temperatures removes the transient flow agent and causes the refractory to shrink as carbon-bonding or sintering takes place. A suitable temperature for this process will be greater than about 1300°C. A gap is thereby formed between the injected erosion-resistant sleeve and the body of the pour tube. Care must be taken to achieve at least a minimum densification of the refractory for good erosion-resistance. It should be appreciated that injecting a refractory into a cavity of the pour tube may be used in other applications besides slag-line sleeves, for example, porous gas inserts.
  • Still another method of making the present invention comprises securing a sleeve 4 onto a body 2 and encasing the sleeve 4 between the body 2 and a third component 8.
  • the sleeve may be fixedly secured to the body with mortar or may simply engage the body until the third component secures the sleeve in place.
  • the third component may be a refractory piece designed to fit around the sleeve and the body while leaving a gap between the two.
  • the third component may be a compressible material, such as refractory fiber. Both embodiments enable the sleeve to expand without creating destructive stresses in the body. Frequently, a fourth component 9 may be used to lock the third component 8 and the sleeve
  • Example 1 An erosion-resistant composition consisting essentially of zirconia is fired to form a cylindrical sleeve. The sleeve is then coated with wax to a thickness approximating the size of the sleeve at the casting temperature of steel. The coated sleeve is placed in a pour tube mold so that the sleeve encircles the flow passage and will be at the slag-line when the resultant pour tube is in operation. The sleeve is surrounded by a particulate alumina-graphite.
  • Example 2 Wax is formed into a cylindrical shape and placed in a pour tube mold around the flow passage and at the slag- line. The shape is surrounded by alumina-graphite. The filled mold is pressed at 5000 psi. A vent is created between the wax and the exterior surface of the pressed piece. The wax is melted out of the piece through the vent, thereby creating an interior cavity.
  • a material comprising 80 wt . % zirconia and 20 wt .
  • Example 3 % wax is injected through the vent into the interior cavity. The piece is then fired at greater than 1300°C for greater than 5 hours. During firing the wax is eliminated, the zirconia densities to form an erosion-resistant material, and a gap is created between the zirconia and the body.
  • Example 3
  • a pour tube mold is co-filled with a particulate zirconia and an alumina-graphite refractory mix.
  • the zirconia is directed into a pour tube mold at the slag- line using concentric funnels.
  • An annular wax sleeve is placed inside of the zirconia around the flow passage.
  • the zirconia, alumina-graphite and wax sleeve are copressed at 5000 psi and fired at greater than 1300°C for greater than 5 hours. During firing the wax is eliminated, the zirconia densities to form an erosion- resistant material, and a gap is created between the zirconia and the body.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un article et des procédés permettant de fabriquer un tube de coulée métallurgique utilisé pour couler l'acier en permanence. L'article présente un manchon résistant à l'érosion contenu dans le corps du tube de coulée. Une zone de logement permettant l'expansion thermique du manchon se trouve entre le manchon et le corps. La zone comprend un espace ou une matière compressible. Comme le tube de coulée subit des températures de coulage, la zone permet l'expansion du manchon sans fracturer le corps du tube de coulée. L'article peut être obtenu par plusieurs procédés. Selon un premier procédé, on place le manchon préformé revêtu d'une matière d'espacement dans un mélange pour former le corps et on cuit l'article pour obtenir une zone d'adaptation. Selon un deuxième procédé, on injecte un mélange réfractaire résistant à l'érosion dans une empreinte au sein du corps et on cuit l'article. Selon un troisième procédé, on fixe le manchon dans une zone de logement formée par la fixation mécanique d'un troisième composant au corps du tube de coulée. Finalement, selon un quatrième procédé, on utilise des moyens de guidage pour séparer le mélange destiné à former le corps, la cuisson produisant ainsi un manchon résistant à l'érosion et une zone de logement au sein du corps du tube de coulée.
PCT/US1998/021646 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication WO2000021702A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES98953475T ES2210838T3 (es) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tubo de vertido sumergido con manguito resistente a la erosion y procedimiento de fabricacion del mismo.
PCT/US1998/021646 WO2000021702A1 (fr) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication
AT98953475T ATE257052T1 (de) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tauchgiessrohr mit erosionsbeständiger hülse und dazugehöriges herstellungsverfahren
DE69820913T DE69820913T2 (de) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tauchgiessrohr mit erosionsbeständiger hülse und dazugehöriges herstellungsverfahren
AU10840/99A AU1084099A (en) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Immersed pour tube having an erosion-resistant sleeve and method of manufacturing the same
EP98953475A EP1144145B1 (fr) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication
CA002347254A CA2347254A1 (fr) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication
TW088117055A TW418136B (en) 1998-10-14 1999-10-04 Free slag-line sleeve
ZA9906440A ZA996440B (en) 1998-10-14 1999-10-12 Free slag-line sleeve.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1998/021646 WO2000021702A1 (fr) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000021702A1 true WO2000021702A1 (fr) 2000-04-20

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PCT/US1998/021646 WO2000021702A1 (fr) 1998-10-14 1998-10-14 Tube de coulee immerge presentant un manchon resistant a l'erosion et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1144145B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE257052T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1084099A (fr)
CA (1) CA2347254A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69820913T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2210838T3 (fr)
TW (1) TW418136B (fr)
WO (1) WO2000021702A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA996440B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108372278A (zh) * 2018-04-02 2018-08-07 广东劲胜智能集团股份有限公司 可控直径与壁厚的合金管材的制备方法和装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2081702A (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-24 Akechi Taikarenga Kk Immersion Nozzle for Continuous Casting of Molten Steel
JPH0751818A (ja) * 1993-08-10 1995-02-28 Kurosaki Refract Co Ltd カーボン含有鋳造用ノズル
JPH07214256A (ja) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-15 Nippon Steel Corp 連続鋳造用ノズル
EP0737535A1 (fr) * 1995-04-10 1996-10-16 Didier-Werke Ag Tube de coulée immergé métallurgique
WO1998003444A1 (fr) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-29 Baker Refractories Manchon de ligne de cordon pour buse d'admission noyee et composition pour ledit manchon

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2081702A (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-24 Akechi Taikarenga Kk Immersion Nozzle for Continuous Casting of Molten Steel
JPH0751818A (ja) * 1993-08-10 1995-02-28 Kurosaki Refract Co Ltd カーボン含有鋳造用ノズル
JPH07214256A (ja) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-15 Nippon Steel Corp 連続鋳造用ノズル
EP0737535A1 (fr) * 1995-04-10 1996-10-16 Didier-Werke Ag Tube de coulée immergé métallurgique
WO1998003444A1 (fr) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-29 Baker Refractories Manchon de ligne de cordon pour buse d'admission noyee et composition pour ledit manchon

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 095, no. 005 30 June 1995 (1995-06-30) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 095, no. 011 26 December 1995 (1995-12-26) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108372278A (zh) * 2018-04-02 2018-08-07 广东劲胜智能集团股份有限公司 可控直径与壁厚的合金管材的制备方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA996440B (en) 2000-04-12
EP1144145B1 (fr) 2004-01-02
DE69820913T2 (de) 2004-10-28
ATE257052T1 (de) 2004-01-15
EP1144145A1 (fr) 2001-10-17
AU1084099A (en) 2000-05-01
DE69820913D1 (de) 2004-02-05
TW418136B (en) 2001-01-11
ES2210838T3 (es) 2004-07-01
CA2347254A1 (fr) 2000-04-20

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