WO2000015578A1 - Assemblage metal-nitrure d'aluminium, avec presence de nitrure de terre(s) rare(s) a l'interface pour assurer le transfert thermique - Google Patents
Assemblage metal-nitrure d'aluminium, avec presence de nitrure de terre(s) rare(s) a l'interface pour assurer le transfert thermique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000015578A1 WO2000015578A1 PCT/FR1999/002156 FR9902156W WO0015578A1 WO 2000015578 A1 WO2000015578 A1 WO 2000015578A1 FR 9902156 W FR9902156 W FR 9902156W WO 0015578 A1 WO0015578 A1 WO 0015578A1
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- metal
- nitride
- alloy
- aluminum nitride
- assembly
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/025—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of glass or ceramic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/04—Ceramic interlayers
- C04B2237/08—Non-oxidic interlayers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/124—Metallic interlayers based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/126—Metallic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
- C04B2237/366—Aluminium nitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/40—Metallic
- C04B2237/407—Copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/52—Pre-treatment of the joining surfaces, e.g. cleaning, machining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/56—Using constraining layers before or during sintering
- C04B2237/567—Using constraining layers before or during sintering made of metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/60—Forming at the joining interface or in the joining layer specific reaction phases or zones, e.g. diffusion of reactive species from the interlayer to the substrate or from a substrate to the joining interface, carbide forming at the joining interface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
- C04B2237/708—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers
Definitions
- METAL-NITRU E ASSEMBLY OF ALUMINUM, WITH PRESENCE OF RARE EARTH (S) NITRIDE (S) AT THE INTERFACE TO ENSURE
- the present invention relates to an assembly between a first element comprising aluminum nitride and a second element of metal or metal alloy, which ensures good heat transfer between the two elements.
- Such an assembly the particularity of which is to conduct heat well between the two materials, can be used in various fields where high heat transfer is necessary. It can be used for example in
- Document JP-A-05 171 317 [4] also illustrates the metallization of an aluminum nitride substrate by means of a copper alloy, with 5 to 25% by weight of rare earth and 0.5% to 10% by weight of another metal chosen from Fe, Co and Ni. A strong bond is thus obtained between the aluminum nitride substrate and the metallization layer with a high resistance to oxidation and to heat. As before, this document is not concerned with ensuring good thermal transfer at the interface between a ceramic element and a metallic element.
- the previous documents and the literature relating to the metal-ceramic assembly do not address the problem of heat transfer at the interface between the ceramic and the metal or the metal alloy.
- these assemblies must allow significant heat dissipation. This is particularly the case for electronic applications for which alumina is the most widely used ceramic to date.
- Alumina has a thermal conductivity of 25 W / mK while aluminum nitride has a thermal conductivity of 170 to 200 W / mK
- the gain provided by aluminum nitride on alumina is much lower than expected, due to the poor thermal conduction of the metal-aluminum nitride interface. This can be explained by the presence at the interface of compounds poor thermal conductors and many faults.
- titanium and zirconium nitrides are TiN ! _ x with x varying from 0 to 0.49 and ZrN ! _ x with x varying from 0 to 0.2.
- the existing data from references [6] and [7] on the thermal conductivities of titanium and zirconium nitrides show that these vary significantly depending on the nature of the nitride formed.
- the thermal conductivity is 12.5 W / mK; for TiN 0.9 , it is 30.5 W / mK and for TiN of
- the thermal conductivity increases with the nitrogen content of the nitride.
- the present invention specifically relates to an assembly between aluminum nitride and metal or metal alloy, in which the composition of the interface can be controlled to obtain a high thermal transfer between the aluminum nitride element and the element. metallic or metallic alloy.
- the subject of the invention is an assembly of a first element comprising aluminum nitride and a second element of metal or metal alloy, in which the interface between the two elements comprises at least one simple or complex nitride.
- rare earth scandium and / or yttrium.
- the interface is made of a simple or complex nitride of rare earth, scandium and / or yttrium, which has a high and controllable thermal conductivity because the composition of the rare earth nitrides cannot vary in proportions important.
- the first element based on aluminum nitride can be made of a material chosen from polycrystalline aluminum nitride, monocrystalline aluminum nitride, an aluminum nitride-metal composite material or aluminum nitride-ceramic comprising at least 40% by volume of aluminum nitride.
- the metal can be, for example, molybdenum
- the ceramic can be, for example, titanium diboride TiB 2 .
- the first element When the first element is made of monocrystalline or polycrystalline aluminum nitride, it may be a solid part or a deposit made on another support such as silicon.
- the deposition is advantageously carried out by vapor deposition.
- the second element is made of metal or a metal alloy which is a good conductor of heat.
- This second element can advantageously be made of copper or a copper alloy, for example a copper alloy containing at least one precious metal chosen from Ag, Pt, Pd and Au.
- the rare earth nitride included in the interface between the two elements can be a nitride of one or more of the rare earths belonging to the series La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu. It is also possible to use scandium nitride and / or yttrium nitride.
- the assembly between the two elements can be carried out: by simple brazing, reactive or using hydrides, or
- the invention also relates to a method of assembling a first element comprising aluminum nitride and a second element of metal or metal alloy.
- the brazing technique is used, and the method comprises the following steps: a) placing between the two elements to be assembled a sheet of brazing of a metal alloy comprising at least one metal chosen from rare earths, scandium and yttrium, and b) brazing the assembly thus obtained at a temperature of 700 to 1500 ° C or at a temperature between 20 and 100 ° C above the melting temperature of the alloy of the solder sheet, possibly in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the metal alloy of the sheet is preferably a metal alloy compatible with the second element, to which the metal or metals chosen from rare earths, scandium and yttrium are added.
- the metal alloy of the sheet is preferably a copper alloy comprising at least one metal chosen from rare earths, scandium and yttrium, and optionally a metal or several precious metals chosen from Ag, Au, Pt and Pd, and which may contain up to 15% by weight of indium.
- the metal alloy brazing sheet comprises up to 37% by weight of the metal belonging to the rare earth family, scandium and yttrium, and preferably 0.7 to 17% by weight.
- the precious metal content may vary from
- the presence of oxygen in the interface is prohibitive because it inevitably leads to a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the assembly by the formation of rare earth oxides and / or aluminum which have low thermal conductivities.
- the metals used must be very pure and the aluminum nitride element can be polished or chemically treated before assembly to remove any layer of alumina on the surface.
- the brazing sheet used in this first embodiment of the process of the invention can be prepared from metals by melting the desired brazing alloy which is then cold rolled in the form of a sheet.
- the brazing alloy can be produced by induction melting in a cold crucible under a very good vacuum and cooled quickly. One can also use other techniques such as roll quenching to make these alloys.
- the thickness of the solder sheet is generally 20 to 200 ⁇ m. It is also possible to produce the assembly according to the invention using a technique of depositing the rare earth or the rare earth nitride on the first element of the assembly. Also, according to a second embodiment of the method of the invention, it comprises the following steps: a) depositing on the first element at least one metal or metallic nitride chosen from rare earths, scandium, yttrium and their nitrides, under a nitrogen-based atmosphere, b) subjecting the first element thus coated to a heat treatment at a temperature of 1000 to 1900 ° C.
- a third embodiment of the process of the invention comprises the following steps: a) depositing on the first element at least one metallic nitride chosen from the rare earth, yttrium and scandium nitrides, b) placing the second element to be assembled in contact with the deposit thus formed, and c) optionally subjecting the assembly thus obtained to a heat treatment, at a temperature of 700 to 1500 ° C.
- a deposition technique is used to form the solder and the last step corresponds to soldering.
- the assembly interface is formed in two stages, the temperature of the first step being chosen as a function of the melting temperature of the rare earth used to react the deposit with aluminum nitride.
- the rare earth nitride is applied directly to the interface in a single step.
- the deposition and any thermal treatment (s) are carried out under an oxygen-free atmosphere to avoid the formation of oxide which would adversely affect the thermal conductivity of the interface. .
- the presence of oxygen on the elements to be assembled is also avoided.
- the deposition of metals belonging to the rare earth family, of yttrium and scandium and / or of their nitrides can be carried out by conventional techniques such as chemical or physical vapor deposition.
- the second element can be placed above the deposit, either in solid form, or by directly forming this element above the deposit by depositing the metal or the metal alloy forming this second element.
- the deposition technique can be a conventional technique such as vapor deposition.
- the interface formed between the first element and the second element of the assembly allows thermal transfer from one to the other with a minimum of losses, ensuring a strong transmission and minimal heat reflection.
- the interface generally has the following structure: by moving from the second element to the first element, there is successively copper or its alloy, possibly a zone composed mainly copper and copper / rare earth intermetallic, a layer of rare earth nitride and aluminum nitride.
- This assembly has the advantage of conducting heat well, which allows good thermal conduction of the metal such as copper to aluminum nitride. This is achieved first by the crystallographic compatibility of the materials which have small differences in lattice parameters, which allows good accommodation of the mechanical stresses due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion of the copper or the copper alloy. and rare earth nitride, on the one hand, and rare earth nitride and aluminum nitride, on the other hand.
- Copper has a thermal conductivity of 400 W / mK and that of AIN is in practice from 170 to 200 W / mK
- a copper plate is assembled with a polycrystalline aluminum nitride substrate.
- the brazing process is used by placing between the aluminum nitride substrate and the copper plate a sheet of copper-yttrium alloy of approximately 150 ⁇ m in thickness comprising 5.5% by atom ( 7.5% by weight) of yttrium.
- the copper plate is placed above the assembly and a molybdenum weight is placed above this plate which ensures mechanical contact between the substrate, the solder sheet and the copper plate.
- the assembly is then introduced into a secondary vacuum oven, which has been swept beforehand by an inert gas in order to remove all traces of oxygen and water, and the assembly is heated to 1000 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- a polycrystalline aluminum nitride substrate and a copper plate are assembled following the same procedure as in Example 1, but a sheet of copper alloy and dysprosium comprising 4 is used for the brazing. , 1% by atom (9.84% by weight) of dysprosium.
- the alloy is pre-prepared by quenching on a roller and is in the form of a sheet 40 ⁇ m thick. This sheet is cleaned in an ultrasonic bath with alcohol, then with acetone.
- the aluminum nitride substrate was polished to the micron and cleaned in an alcohol and acetone ultrasonic bath just before the assembly was carried out. Likewise, the copper plate is mechanically etched to overcome any layer of surface oxide.
- Example 2 As in Example 1, the aluminum nitride substrate, the Cu-Dy alloy sheet and the copper plate are stacked, then the assembly is brazed in a secondary vacuum oven at a temperature at 1000 ° C for 30 minutes. An assembly is thus obtained with a high thermal conductivity.
- an aluminum nitride substrate obtained by vapor deposition and a copper plate are assembled using a copper-silver-dysprosium alloy sheet comprising 57.5% of silver and 4.1% dysprosium atom.
- the sheet alloy is pre-prepared in a cold crucible, then a part is rolled to make a sheet about 150 ⁇ m thick.
- the copper-silver-dysprosium alloy sheet with a thickness of approximately 150 ⁇ m and the copper plate are placed above the aluminum nitride substrate, and a weight of molybdenum is placed over it to ensure mechanical contact between the elements. Brazing is carried out at 1000 ° C for 30 minutes, in a secondary vacuum oven as in the previous examples. The assembly obtained has good heat transfer properties.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99941733A EP1028929A1 (fr) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | Assemblage metal-nitrure d'aluminium, avec presence de nitrure de terre(s) rare(s) a l'interface pour assurer le transfert thermique |
JP2000570122A JP2002524388A (ja) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | 熱移動用界面に希土類元素窒化物が存在する金属−アルミニウム窒化物アセンブリ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9811339A FR2783185B1 (fr) | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Assemblage metal-nitrure d'aluminium, avec presence de nitrure de terre(s) rare(s) a l'interface pour assurer le transfert thermique |
FR98/11339 | 1998-09-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000015578A1 true WO2000015578A1 (fr) | 2000-03-23 |
Family
ID=9530324
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1999/002156 WO2000015578A1 (fr) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-10 | Assemblage metal-nitrure d'aluminium, avec presence de nitrure de terre(s) rare(s) a l'interface pour assurer le transfert thermique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1028929A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002524388A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2783185B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000015578A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0252519A1 (fr) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-13 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Substrat de nitrure d'aluminium pour circuit |
WO1993023246A1 (fr) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-25 | The Carborundum Company | Metallisation en couche mince et brasage de nitrure d'aluminium |
-
1998
- 1998-09-11 FR FR9811339A patent/FR2783185B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-09-10 WO PCT/FR1999/002156 patent/WO2000015578A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-10 JP JP2000570122A patent/JP2002524388A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-09-10 EP EP99941733A patent/EP1028929A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0252519A1 (fr) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-13 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Substrat de nitrure d'aluminium pour circuit |
WO1993023246A1 (fr) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-25 | The Carborundum Company | Metallisation en couche mince et brasage de nitrure d'aluminium |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1028929A1 (fr) | 2000-08-23 |
FR2783185B1 (fr) | 2000-10-13 |
FR2783185A1 (fr) | 2000-03-17 |
JP2002524388A (ja) | 2002-08-06 |
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