WO2000013585A1 - Medical implant system - Google Patents

Medical implant system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000013585A1
WO2000013585A1 PCT/AU1999/000726 AU9900726W WO0013585A1 WO 2000013585 A1 WO2000013585 A1 WO 2000013585A1 AU 9900726 W AU9900726 W AU 9900726W WO 0013585 A1 WO0013585 A1 WO 0013585A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
primary controller
muscle
antenna
medical appliance
stimulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU1999/000726
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerard Wolfe Sormann
Simon Michael West
Nicholas Victor Zohan Shuley
Dinesh Kant Kumar
Rodney Bruce Waterhouse
Alan Bernard Bradley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolfe Research Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Wolfe Research Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AUPP5732A external-priority patent/AUPP573298A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPP6056A external-priority patent/AUPP605698A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPP8915A external-priority patent/AUPP891599A0/en
Priority to AU58403/99A priority Critical patent/AU758015B2/en
Application filed by Wolfe Research Pty Ltd filed Critical Wolfe Research Pty Ltd
Priority to IL14175599A priority patent/IL141755A0/xx
Priority to NZ510107A priority patent/NZ510107A/xx
Priority to JP2000568396A priority patent/JP2002524124A/ja
Priority to EP99945760A priority patent/EP1109490A4/en
Priority to CA002341708A priority patent/CA2341708A1/en
Priority to BR9913610-4A priority patent/BR9913610A/pt
Publication of WO2000013585A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000013585A1/en
Priority to IL141755A priority patent/IL141755A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US11/301,319 priority patent/US20060161225A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6867—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive specially adapted to be attached or implanted in a specific body part
    • A61B5/6876—Blood vessel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0031—Implanted circuitry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
    • A61B5/395—Details of stimulation, e.g. nerve stimulation to elicit EMG response
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6862—Stents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/378—Electrical supply
    • A61N1/3787—Electrical supply from an external energy source
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
    • A61B5/0006—ECG or EEG signals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A61B5/7264—Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems
    • A61B5/7267—Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems involving training the classification device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0001—Means for transferring electromagnetic energy to implants
    • A61F2250/0002—Means for transferring electromagnetic energy to implants for data transfer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/37205—Microstimulators, e.g. implantable through a cannula

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system which facilitates monitoring, treatment and stimulation of a living body. More particularly, this system relies upon the use of electromagnetic waves as the means of transmission of energy and signals between a device implantable inside the living body and an external control device.
  • US patent no. 5,070,535 discloses a telemetric system designed to improve coupling efficiency between external transmitter and internal receiver. The citation requires that that receiver and transmitter be in very close proximity.
  • US patent 5,314,458 With the exception of US patent 5,314,458, all of the devices in the above prior art rely on inductive coupling to transfer the energy and are therefore limited in their applications because they must be implanted close to the surface of the body in order to receive the signals from the primary control.
  • the device is US patent 5,314,458 receives electromagnetic radiation of a low frequency (that is, well below 0.5 GHz) and is a bulky device as a result of this low frequency.
  • the antenna based device may comprise means to generate pulses of current.
  • the device may:
  • the method comprises the further steps of:
  • an artificial muscle stimulation system comprising at least one stimulating electrode for providing artificial electrical stimulation to a muscle under control of a primary controller capable of transmitting high frequency electromagnetic radiation between 0.5 to 5 GHz, an EMG sensor for measuring EMG signals from the muscle during stimulation, a neural network processor coupled to receive the measured EMG signals to extract information regarding force of contraction and fatigue of the muscle, and wherein the primary controller is coupled to an output of the neural network processor to control said artificial electrical stimulation based on said extracted information.
  • the wire spring structure of a stent performs the known basic function of expanding blood vessels, and can also conduct electrical signals and thereby act as the antenna for receiving electromagnetic energy.
  • the high frequency electromagnetic radiation causes a typical oscillating current in the wire of the stent and this current may be modified by designing the inductance and capacitance of the wire structure to induce resonance. The resulting current is rectified and used to power the monitoring device.
  • a microwave patch antenna 17 by 17 mm area with a separating dielectric of relative permittivity 10.2 and 1.905 mm thickness was fabricated, coated with Dow Corning Silicone polymer and placed inside a moist piece of fatty tissue/skin at a depth of 10 mm.
  • the antenna was excited with electromagnetic radiation of 500 milliwatts from a transmitter and the frequency varied near 2.5 GHz to establish the optimum resonant frequency.
  • the power received at the antenna was measured using a microwave power meter when the transmitter was at 12 and 50 cm and found to be 10 mW and 1.6 mW and at 12cm the output of the antenna was recitified with a full wave bridge and showed a voltage of 2.5 volts.
  • the second A/D converter of the microprocessor was used to measure pH by incorporating a miniature pH glass electrode and silver/silver chloride reference electrode .
  • the pH was changed by addition of acid to the blood medium and the microprocessor registered this change by an output of changing output.
  • Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of a receiver and activator for a wireless FES system
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the first two aspects of the invention.
  • the appropriate activating device is addressed by a choice of modulating tones which is decoded by means of band pass filters 28.
  • the duration of the tone can be used to determine the width of the pulse to be output by the pulse generator 24.
  • the pulse then appears at the electrode plate 26 and drives a current stimulus through the tissues it is embedded in.
  • the electrode plate may be physically next to the remainder of the activator device or may be a short distance away and coupled thereto, for example, by an insulated multistrand SS wire.
  • the medical appliance 1 10 in Figure 7 has the basic elements of a known stent, that is, a spring 111 which is attached to a support 112.
  • the support 1 12 is a structure capable of incorporating the elements of a monitoring device. Due to the function of the spring 1 1 1 as an aerial for the monitoring device which is incorporated into the support 112, the amplitude of the sinusoidal pleats is kept small enough so that there is not a great deal of overlap between the loops of the spring in the stent. This prevents overlap of the electromagnetic fields generated by these individual loops.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
PCT/AU1999/000726 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Medical implant system Ceased WO2000013585A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR9913610-4A BR9913610A (pt) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Sistema de implante médico
CA002341708A CA2341708A1 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Medical implant system
EP99945760A EP1109490A4 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 MEDICAL PROSTHESIS SYSTEM
AU58403/99A AU758015B2 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Medical implant system
IL14175599A IL141755A0 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Medical implant system
NZ510107A NZ510107A (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Medical implant system
JP2000568396A JP2002524124A (ja) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 医療埋込みシステム
IL141755A IL141755A (en) 1998-09-04 2001-03-01 Medical implant system
US11/301,319 US20060161225A1 (en) 1998-09-04 2005-12-12 Medical implant system

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPP5732 1998-09-04
AUPP5732A AUPP573298A0 (en) 1998-09-04 1998-09-04 Implantable wireless stimulator and stimulation feedback system
AUPP6056 1998-09-22
AUPP6056A AUPP605698A0 (en) 1998-09-22 1998-09-22 Medical implant system
AUPP8915 1999-03-01
AUPP8915A AUPP891599A0 (en) 1999-03-01 1999-03-01 Modified cardiovascular device

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/301,319 Continuation-In-Part US20060161225A1 (en) 1998-09-04 2005-12-12 Medical implant system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000013585A1 true WO2000013585A1 (en) 2000-03-16

Family

ID=27158098

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1999/000726 Ceased WO2000013585A1 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Medical implant system

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20060161225A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1109490A4 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2002524124A (enExample)
CN (1) CN1188081C (enExample)
BR (1) BR9913610A (enExample)
CA (1) CA2341708A1 (enExample)
IL (2) IL141755A0 (enExample)
NZ (1) NZ510107A (enExample)
RU (1) RU2226358C2 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2000013585A1 (enExample)

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EP1109490A4 (en) 2005-03-02
CN1188081C (zh) 2005-02-09
RU2226358C2 (ru) 2004-04-10
EP1109490A1 (en) 2001-06-27
IL141755A0 (en) 2002-03-10
JP2002524124A (ja) 2002-08-06
CA2341708A1 (en) 2000-03-16
CN1315846A (zh) 2001-10-03
NZ510107A (en) 2003-03-28
BR9913610A (pt) 2001-10-09
IL141755A (en) 2006-04-10
US20060161225A1 (en) 2006-07-20

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