WO1999066592A1 - One-point feeding polarized wave switching antenna - Google Patents

One-point feeding polarized wave switching antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999066592A1
WO1999066592A1 PCT/JP1999/003201 JP9903201W WO9966592A1 WO 1999066592 A1 WO1999066592 A1 WO 1999066592A1 JP 9903201 W JP9903201 W JP 9903201W WO 9966592 A1 WO9966592 A1 WO 9966592A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
patch antenna
perturbation
wave
switching
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/003201
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsunehisa Marumoto
Original Assignee
Nec Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nec Corporation filed Critical Nec Corporation
Priority to AU41668/99A priority Critical patent/AU4166899A/en
Publication of WO1999066592A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999066592A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a single-point feeding type wave-converting antenna for circularly polarized waves used for satellite communication and the like.
  • Figure 1 (a) shows a conventional one-point feeding patch antenna that emits circularly polarized waves.
  • Fig. 1 (b) shows the conventional ten-point feeder antenna with narrow left-hand circular polarization. These patch antennas have the conductor ⁇ S
  • the main body 7 1 is formed by the perturbation elements 7 2 a and 7 2 b, respectively, and the feed line 7 4, which is the feed path to the patch antenna main body 7 1, is formed at the feed point ⁇ 5; Let's do it.
  • the perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b of these patch antennas are arranged at positions on the outer periphery of the notch antenna body 71 where circular polarization can be obtained.
  • the patch antenna body 71 has two spatially orthogonal modes (arrow ⁇ and arrow B).
  • Resonance frequency in the direction of arrow ⁇ which arranged the perturbation element 7 2 a, 7 2 b is lower compared to the arrow beta direction of the resonant frequency ⁇ ⁇ .
  • Excitation distribution with respect to the frequency of these two modes respectively oscillation frequency ⁇ ⁇ , draw the curve and the apex of the ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the excitation 5 distribution curve in the direction of arrow A is lower than the excitation distribution curve in the direction of arrow B, and is drawn in the area, and the frequency ⁇ c (f A ⁇ fc ⁇ f B ) Where both curves intersect.
  • the ratio between the area of the patch antenna body 71 and the area of the perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b is adjusted so that the relative phase between the two excitation modes at this frequency i c takes a value around 90 degrees.
  • the patch antenna body 71 emits circularly polarized waves.
  • the patch antenna body 71 can be rotated clockwise by setting the setting position of the two perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b with respect to the feed point 75 as shown in Fig.
  • a patch antenna dedicated to right-handed circular polarization or a dedicated left-handed circular polarization is used.
  • the circular-wave patch antenna is as shown in Fig. 2. This is made possible by using a two-point power supply system and connecting the switching circuit 85 to the patch antenna body 81.
  • This batch antenna ⁇ 81 of the circular wave patch antenna has ⁇ supply lines 84a and 84b connected to it, and when the supply line 84a is selected, the configuration shown in FIG. ) And the equivalent illli, and the circularly polarized batch antenna emits a right-handed 1 : 1 : wave. Also, when the feeding path 84b is selected, it is illi, compared to Fig. 1 (b), and the I-wave patch antenna ⁇ the convoluted circular wave is distorted.
  • the present invention provides a small, single-point feeding ⁇ -wave J-converting antenna that can be touched by switching between a circular wave and a left-handed one wave with one batch antenna.
  • the purpose is to:
  • a second pair of perturbation elements arranged on the outside of the patch antenna main body at a position capable of emitting left-hand polarized waves;
  • the wakinami tansan antenna of the present invention configured as above is configured such that the connection state between each perturbation element pair and the batch antenna body is determined by the question of each perturbation element pair and the patch antenna book.
  • JJ switching enables the turning direction of the circular skin to be changed even in the one-point feed type circular antenna. As a result, the area occupied by the power supply path is reduced, and the size of the circularly polarized patch antenna can be reduced.
  • the shape of the patch antenna body may be circular or polygonal.
  • the switch may be a P 1 N diode, a G a ⁇ s F E T, and a plurality of switches may be connected to each perturbation element.
  • the power supply to the patch antenna body uses a coaxial line, or it can be anything.
  • the one-point feeding type Wakinami Kantan antenna is formed on the surface of a substrate having a conductive layer with an opening formed thereon, which is composed of a conductive material.
  • a connection state between each perturbation element pair and the patch antenna main body is provided, and a connection state between each of the perturbation element pairs and the I3 ⁇ 4trfti patch antenna unit is selectively connected to one of the perturbation element pairs. Switch to switch to be performed,
  • the mouth may be arranged at a position where the notch antenna body is projected, and in this case, power is supplied to the notch antenna body at the rear surface of the substrate, at a position where the force and the I portion are projected.
  • the payment may be made by Okiji and others.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional Omikawa single-point feeding circularly polarized patch antenna that emits a circular wave (one wave or tfe circular wave),
  • Figure 2 shows a conventional two-point power supply system connected with a switching circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a circularly polarized patch antenna of the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 shows an example of the shape of the patch antenna body.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a circularly-polarized laser beam fed by ⁇ frequency electromagnetic coupling and a sectional view thereof.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a circularly polarized patch antenna according to the third embodiment.
  • a feeder line 4 is formed on the outer periphery of a circular patch antenna body 1 having a conductor tidal member as a member. Substantially symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction, perturbation elements 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d via microwave switches 3a, 3b, 3, 3d are mounted respectively.
  • the power supply line 4 which is a microstrip line that supplies power to the main antenna 1 of the switch antenna, is fed from a single point 5 of the microphone mouth wave switch 3c, 3d on the outer periphery of the patch antenna body 1. This is a one-point power supply system.
  • Mic mouth wave switches 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d are provided with elements such as a PIN diode GaAs ET;
  • the reverse operation of the above-mentioned right-handed circularly polarized wave ⁇ W method may be performed. That is, turn on the microwave switch :: lb, 3d, and turn off the microphone mouthpiece switches 3a, 3c.
  • the patch antenna tree (1 and the perturbation elements 2 b and 2 d are electrically connected to each other.
  • the force perturbation elements 2 a and 2 c are not connected to the batch antenna unit ⁇ this unit.
  • the circularly polarized patch antenna of the present embodiment is equivalent to the state of the conventional example shown in Fig. 1 (b), and the left-handed circular wave is subjected to 3 ⁇ 4W.
  • a square or a polygon such as an 8J shape may be used.
  • the circular wave of the present embodiment Only by the off operation ⁇ circle ⁇ wave and left-handed circle (1 point feed fll type circularly polarized patch antenna capable of tandem with wave, occupied the feed path compared to 2 point feed method Therefore, the circle (the wave antenna patch antenna can be downsized.
  • Fig. 5 (a) is a view of the outer collar 4 of the circular side-wave patch antenna fed by using the coaxial line 47
  • Fig. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 5 (a).
  • the patch antenna main body 41 is disposed on the
  • the coaxial line 47 has an inner conductor 47 a and an outer conductor 47 b, and is disposed below the plate 45.
  • the inner conductor 47 a of the same line 47 intercepts J 45, and is connected to the patch antenna body 41 at supply 48 by air, and the outer body 47 b is electrically connected to the ground layer 46.
  • the power supply to the patch antenna tree ⁇ 41 is performed with the inner conductor 47a.
  • Fig. 6 (a) shows the outside IIL view of the 1-L side-wave batch antenna supplied by high-frequency electromagnetic coupling
  • Fig. 6 (b) shows the cut-off lilil of Fig. 6 (a).
  • the patch antenna main body 51 is provided on the plate 55 made of a dielectric material with iW'j 'on the lili, and on the lower surface of the substrate 55, a power supply line 54 is disposed.
  • a conductive layer 56 having a slit 57 formed in a part thereof at 55 is abbreviated as a row, abbreviated as a patch antenna tree 51.
  • the above-described power supply path 54 is formed by a slit at the bottom of the substrate 55. 57 is arranged so as to straddle the area where the light is projected, and the supply current 54 flows through the supply line 54, and the supply line 54 and the patch antenna tree 51 pass through the slit 57.
  • the power is supplied by the appropriate electromagnetic coupling.
  • the microphone mouth-wave switches 3 y, 3 b, 3 ′ and ′ correspond to the driving elements 2 a, b, 2: and 2 d, respectively. 3d were connected one by one, as shown in FIG. 7; in another embodiment, the microphone 62a is connected to the microphone aperture switch 63a, 63e, and the perturbation element 62b is connected to the microphone aperture. Wave switch 63b, 6 3 ⁇ , perturbation element 6 2 c, microwave switch 6 3 c, 6 3 g, inductive element 6 2 d, microphone mouth wave switch 6 3 d, 6 3 h, 2 for each element Switches are connected. Thereby, adjustment of impedance etc. can be performed easily.
  • the shape of the patch antenna body 6: 1 can be a square, a certain shape, or a polygon such as an eight shape.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Perturbation elements (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) are attached to the outer periphery of the body (1) of a patch antenna through microwave switches (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d). The microswitches (3c, 3d) are connected to feed lines (4) which are microstrip lines. To generate a dextrorotatory circularly polarized wave, the microwave switches (3a, 3c) are turned on and the microwave switches (3b, 3d) are turned off. To generate a levorotatory circularly polarized wave, the microswitches (3b, 3d) are turned on and the microswitches (3a, 3c) are turned off.

Description

明細書  Specification
l点給 式の偏波切換アンテナ  l-point feeding type polarization switching antenna
技術分野 Technical field
本発明は、 衛星通信等に用いられる円偏波を¾^)—る 1点給電方式の 波 ^換 アンテナに関する。  The present invention relates to a single-point feeding type wave-converting antenna for circularly polarized waves used for satellite communication and the like.
背景技術 Background art
図 1 ( a ) 円偏波を放 する従来の 1点給電方式のパッチアンテナを示 す。 また、 図 1 ( b ) に左旋円偏波を細; —る従来の 1点給電方式のパ： テナを示す。 これらのパッチアンテナは、 導体^ Sを細才としたパ、  Figure 1 (a) shows a conventional one-point feeding patch antenna that emits circularly polarized waves. Fig. 1 (b) shows the conventional ten-point feeder antenna with narrow left-hand circular polarization. These patch antennas have the conductor ^ S
本体 7 1、 摂動素子 7 2 a , 7 2 bでそれぞ l^成され、 パッチアンテナ本体 7 1への給電経路である給¾線路 7 4が給電点 Ί 5でそれぞ; 妾続されてレ、る。 これらのパッチアンテナの摂動素子 7 2 a， 7 2 bは、 ノ ッチアンテナ本体 7 1の外周で円偏波を¾ 可能な位置に配置されている。 The main body 7 1 is formed by the perturbation elements 7 2 a and 7 2 b, respectively, and the feed line 7 4, which is the feed path to the patch antenna main body 7 1, is formed at the feed point Ί 5; Let's do it. The perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b of these patch antennas are arranged at positions on the outer periphery of the notch antenna body 71 where circular polarization can be obtained.
以下に摂動素子 7 2 a， 7 2 bを有する 1点給電方式の円隨皮カ姊 j—の原理の概 略を説明する。  The following is a brief description of the principle of the single-point feeder-type power source jj with perturbation elements 72a and 72b.
摂動素子 7 2 a， 7 2 bを図 1 ( a ) あるいは図 1 ( b ) のように配置するこ とで、 パッチアンテナ本体 7 1は空間的に直交する 2つのモード （矢印 Λと矢印 Bの方向） に励振される。 摂動素子 7 2 a， 7 2 bの配置される矢印 Λの方向の 共振周波数 は、 矢印 Β方向の共振周波数 ί Βに比較して低くなる。 これら 2つ のモードの周波数に対する励振分布は、 それぞ 振周波数 ί Α、 ί Βを頂点とし た曲線を描く。 これら励振分布 fill線を比較すると、 矢印 Aの方向の励振 5布曲線 は矢印 Bの方向の励振分布曲線よりも低レ、領域に描力れ、 周波数 ί c ( f A< f c < f B) で、 両曲線は交差する。 この周波数 i cでの両励振モード問の相対位相が 9 0度前後の値を取るようにパッチアンテナ本体 7 1の面積と摂動素子 7 2 a， 7 2 bの面積との比を調整することで、 パッチアンテナ本体 7 1は円偏波を放射 することとなる。 また、 パッチアンテナ本体 7 1は、 給電点 7 5に対する 2つの 摂動素子 7 2 a， 7 2 bの設定位置を図 1 ( a ) あるいは図 1 ( b ) のようにと ることでそれぞれ右旋円偏波あるい 旋円偏波を方 Tることが可能となる。 上述した従来例は右旋円偏波専用あるいは左旋円偏波専用のパッチアンテナを 示したものであるが、 1つの円 波パッチアンテナで右旋円偏波及び左 1 J ίί波 を^り換えて細 させるには、 一般には、 円倾波パッチアンテナは、 図 2に示す ように 2点給電方式とし、 切換回路 8 5をパッチアンテナ本体 8 1に接続するこ とで可能となる。 この円 ίΐ波パッチアンテナのバッチアンテナ本^ 8 1は、 'λつ の給 路 8 4 a 、 8 4 bが接続されており、 給 1¾¾路8 4 aが選択されたとき は図 1 ( a ) と等 illliとなり、 円偏波バッチアンテナは右旋 1:リ ί 波を协げる。 ま た、 給電經路 8 4 bが選択されたときは図 1 ( b ) と割 illiとなり、 Iリ随波パッチ アンテナ ί 王旋円 波を方妙けることとなる。 By arranging the perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b as shown in Fig. 1 (a) or Fig. 1 (b), the patch antenna body 71 has two spatially orthogonal modes (arrow Λ and arrow B). Direction). Resonance frequency in the direction of arrow Λ, which arranged the perturbation element 7 2 a, 7 2 b is lower compared to the arrow beta direction of the resonant frequency ί Β. Excitation distribution with respect to the frequency of these two modes, respectively oscillation frequency ί Α, draw the curve and the apex of the ί Β. Comparing these excitation distribution fill lines, the excitation 5 distribution curve in the direction of arrow A is lower than the excitation distribution curve in the direction of arrow B, and is drawn in the area, and the frequency ί c (f A <fc <f B ) Where both curves intersect. The ratio between the area of the patch antenna body 71 and the area of the perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b is adjusted so that the relative phase between the two excitation modes at this frequency i c takes a value around 90 degrees. Thus, the patch antenna body 71 emits circularly polarized waves. In addition, the patch antenna body 71 can be rotated clockwise by setting the setting position of the two perturbation elements 72 a and 72 b with respect to the feed point 75 as shown in Fig. 1 (a) or Fig. 1 (b). It is possible to use circularly polarized waves or circularly polarized waves. In the conventional example described above, a patch antenna dedicated to right-handed circular polarization or a dedicated left-handed circular polarization is used. As shown in Fig. 2, in order to narrow the right-hand circularly polarized wave and the left 1 J-wave by using a single circular-wave patch antenna, generally, the circular-wave patch antenna is as shown in Fig. 2. This is made possible by using a two-point power supply system and connecting the switching circuit 85 to the patch antenna body 81. This batch antenna ^ 81 of the circular wave patch antenna has λ supply lines 84a and 84b connected to it, and when the supply line 84a is selected, the configuration shown in FIG. ) And the equivalent illli, and the circularly polarized batch antenna emits a right-handed 1 : 1 : wave. Also, when the feeding path 84b is selected, it is illi, compared to Fig. 1 (b), and the I-wave patch antenna ί the convoluted circular wave is distorted.
しかしながら、 上記のパッチアンテナ本 が 1つで右则リ ( 波及び左旋 Iリ 波 を^り換えて纖 せる 2点給電方式の従来例では、 給 ¾經路が 2木必耍となる ことで占冇面積が増大してしまレ、、 小型化に | して l!i]題があった  However, in the conventional example of the two-point feeding method in which one patch antenna is used and the fiber is switched by changing the right-handed wave (wave and left-handed I-wave), two feeding circuits are required. The occupied area has increased, and it has been downsized |
発明の開示 Disclosure of the invention
そこで本発明は、 1つのバッチアンテナ本^で : 円^波及び左旋 1リ 波を^ り換えて觸 ·!·可能な、 小型の 1点給 ®方式の ί πί波 J換アンテナを〗 ることを 目的とする。  Accordingly, the present invention provides a small, single-point feeding ίπί-wave J-converting antenna that can be touched by switching between a circular wave and a left-handed one wave with one batch antenna. The purpose is to:
上記 f?i的を達成するために、 本発明の一態様によれば 1点給 方式の 波 ^换 アンテナは、  According to one embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the above f? I, the single-point feeding type wave ^ 换 antenna
ノ ツチアンテナ本^の外周上に右旋円偏波を Zi †可能な位置に配^された^ I の投動素子対と、  A pair of projecting elements of ^ I, in which the right-handed circularly polarized wave is arranged at a position capable of Zi on the outer periphery of the notch antenna, ^
前記パッチァンテナ本体の外 上に左则 Ί偏波を放射可能な位蹬に配 はれた 第 2の摂動素子対と、  A second pair of perturbation elements arranged on the outside of the patch antenna main body at a position capable of emitting left-hand polarized waves;
前記各拽動素子対と前記ノ ッチアンテナ本体との ;]に設けられ、  Provided between each of the driving element pairs and the notch antenna main body;
子対と前記パッチァンテナ本体との接続状態を前記各摂動素子対のレ、ずれか一 - が丽 1勺に灘されるようにし; yり換えるスィツチとを有する。 A switch for changing the connection state between the child pair and the main body of the patch antenna so that one of the perturbation element pairs is connected to the other in a perturbation manner;
上記の迎り構成された本発明の脇波则奐ァンテナは、 各摂動素子対とパッチァ ンテナ本^との問に、 各お ί動素子対とバッチアンテナ本体との接続状態を^ ！;動 素子刘のレ、ずれか一方が選択的に接続されるように切り換えるスィツチを する ので、 第 1の摂動素子対がバッチアンテナ本 と接続されると右旋 波を放射 し、 第 2の摂呦素子対力 ツチアンテナ本^と接続されると左旋 Iリ ^波を放射 ― る。 このように、 摂動素子対への給電をスィツチによりし: JJり換えることで、 1点 給進方式の円膈波ァンテナであつても円隨皮の旋回方向の り換えが可能となる。 これにより、 給電経路の占有領域が小さくなり、 円偏波パッチアンテナの小型化 が図れる。 The wakinami tansan antenna of the present invention configured as above is configured such that the connection state between each perturbation element pair and the batch antenna body is determined by the question of each perturbation element pair and the patch antenna book. A switch for switching so that either one of the moving elements 、 and the other is selectively connected, so that when the first pair of perturbing elements is connected to the batch antenna, a right-handed wave is radiated, and the second Sensing element convergence When connected to a touch antenna, ^ radiates left-handed I-wave You. In this way, the power supply to the pair of perturbation elements is switched by the switch: JJ switching enables the turning direction of the circular skin to be changed even in the one-point feed type circular antenna. As a result, the area occupied by the power supply path is reduced, and the size of the circularly polarized patch antenna can be reduced.
パッチァンテナ本体の形状は、円形であつてもよいし、多角形であつてもよレ、。 また、 スィツチは、 P 1 Nダイォードであってもよいし、 G a Λ s F E Tで あってもよく、 各摂動素子に対して複数個接続されるものであつてもょレ、。  The shape of the patch antenna body may be circular or polygonal. Further, the switch may be a P 1 N diode, a G a Λ s F E T, and a plurality of switches may be connected to each perturbation element.
パッチアンテナ本体への給電は、 同軸線路を用レ、るものでもよレ、。  The power supply to the patch antenna body uses a coaxial line, or it can be anything.
また、 本究 |の他の態搽によれば、 1点給電方式の脇波则奐アンテナは、 |¾口部の形成された導体層を有する、 誘 fll体力ゝらなる基板の表而に配 されて いるパッチァンテナ本体の外周上に右旋円 ^波を放射可能な位 に配^された第 According to another aspect of the present invention, the one-point feeding type Wakinami Kantan antenna is formed on the surface of a substrate having a conductive layer with an opening formed thereon, which is composed of a conductive material. A right-handed circle on the outer periphery of the patch antenna unit
1の摂動素子対と、 1 pair of perturbation elements,
前記パッチアンテナ本体の外周上に左旋円 fi l波を放射可能な位置に K された 第 2の摂動素子対と、  A second pair of perturbation elements K at a position where a left-handed circular fi l wave can be radiated on the outer periphery of the patch antenna body;
各摂動素子刘—と前記パッチァンテナ本体との問に設けられ、 前記各お〖動素 子対-と I¾trftiパッチァンテナ本^との接続状態を前記各摂動素子対のレヽずれか一方 が選択的に接続されるように切り換えるスィツチとを冇する,，  A connection state between each perturbation element pair and the patch antenna main body is provided, and a connection state between each of the perturbation element pairs and the I¾trfti patch antenna unit is selectively connected to one of the perturbation element pairs. Switch to switch to be performed,
口部は、 ノ ツチアンテナ本体の投影される位 ίίίίに配置されるものでもよく、 この場合、 ノ ツチアンテナ本体への給電は、 基板の裏面、 力 、 1 I部の投影さ れる位置に配置される給 ΐ隱路カ らによるものでもよレ、。  The mouth may be arranged at a position where the notch antenna body is projected, and in this case, power is supplied to the notch antenna body at the rear surface of the substrate, at a position where the force and the I portion are projected. The payment may be made by Okiji and others.
図面の簡単な説明 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
図 1は、 従来の ¾¾円(1波あるい〖 tfe旋円 波を放 wi—る卑川の 1点給 方式 の円偏波パッチアンテナを説明する図、  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional Omikawa single-point feeding circularly polarized patch antenna that emits a circular wave (one wave or tfe circular wave),
図 2は、 従来の切換回路の接続された 2点給電方式の円髓  Figure 2 shows a conventional two-point power supply system connected with a switching circuit.
概 I咯構成図、 Outline I spit configuration diagram,
図 3は、 第 1の実施形態の円偏波パッチアンテナの概略構成図、  FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a circularly polarized patch antenna of the first embodiment,
図 4は、 パッチアンテナ本体の形状例を示す図、  Figure 4 shows an example of the shape of the patch antenna body.
図 5は、 同 i|輪 を川いて給電がなされる I.1雇波バ、、' ア ハ々 (Ja 及びその断面図、 図 6は、 ^周波的な電磁結合により給電がなされる円偏波パ 梅斜視図及びその断面図、 5, the i | I. s 1 Yatoihaba ,, 'A Ha powered have river wheel is made (Ja and cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a circularly-polarized laser beam fed by ^ frequency electromagnetic coupling and a sectional view thereof.
図 7は、 第 3の実施形態の円偏波パッチアンテナの概略構成図である。  FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a circularly polarized patch antenna according to the third embodiment.
発明を実施するための最良の形態 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
第 1の実施形態 First embodiment
図 3を参照すると、 本発明の第 1の実施形態の円偏波パッチアンテナでは、 導 体潮反を部材とした、 形状が円形のパッチアンテナ本体 1の外周上には、 給電線 路 4の長手方向に対して略対称に、 マイクロ波スィッチ 3 a、 3 b、 3 , 3 d を介した摂動素子 2 a、 2 b、 2 c, 2 dがそれぞれ取り付けられている。  Referring to FIG. 3, in the circularly polarized patch antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a feeder line 4 is formed on the outer periphery of a circular patch antenna body 1 having a conductor tidal member as a member. Substantially symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction, perturbation elements 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d via microwave switches 3a, 3b, 3, 3d are mounted respectively.
また、 ツチアンテナ本休 1に電力を供給する、 マイクロストリップ'ラインで ある給¾線路 4は、 パッチアンテナ本体 1の外周部のマイク口波スィツチ 3 c、 3 d問の給1点 5より給電される 1点給電方式である。マイク口波スィツチ 3 a、 3 b、 3 c、 3 dには、 P I Nダイオ G aA s ET等の素子力;利川さ れる。  The power supply line 4, which is a microstrip line that supplies power to the main antenna 1 of the switch antenna, is fed from a single point 5 of the microphone mouth wave switch 3c, 3d on the outer periphery of the patch antenna body 1. This is a one-point power supply system. Mic mouth wave switches 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d are provided with elements such as a PIN diode GaAs ET;
本実施形態の円偏波パッチアンテナにより右旋円 ίΐ波を発生させる場合は、 マ イク口波スィッチ 3 a、 3 cをオンにし、 マイクロ波スィッチ 3 b、 3 dをオフ にする。 このと ツチアンテナ本体 1と极動素子 2 2 は？ β気的に接続 される力；、 摂動素子 2 b、 2 dはパッチアンテナ本^ 1と接続されない (： この状 態で、 本実施形態の円 (I波パッチアンテナは図 1 (a) に示した従来 ί列の状態と となり、 旋円偏波を M'ti—ることとなる。 When the right-handed circularly polarized wave is generated by the circularly polarized patch antenna of this embodiment, the microphone mouth-wave switches 3a and 3c are turned on, and the microwave switches 3b and 3d are turned off. What about the switch antenna body 1 and the driving element 2 2? β Perturbed force; perturbation elements 2 b and 2 d are not connected to patch antenna book ^ 1 ( : In this state, circle of this embodiment (I-wave patch antenna is shown in FIG. 1 (a) The state of the conventional 従 来 series shown in the figure is obtained, and the circularly polarized wave is M'ti-.
また、 左旋円 ίΐ波を発生させる場合は、 上述の右旋円偏波の ¾W方法と逆の操 作を行えばよレ、。 すなわち、 マイクロ波スィッチ:: lb、 3 dをオンにし、 マイク 口波スィツチ 3 a、 3 cをオフにする。 これにより、 パッチアンテナ木 ( 1と摂 動素子 2 b、 2 dは電気的に接続される力 摂動素子 2 a、 2 cはバッチアンテ ナ本 ί本 1と接続されなレ、。 この状態で、 本実施形態の円偏波パッチアンテナは図 1 (b)に示した従来例の状態と等摘となり、左旋円 ί波を¾Wすることとなる。 なお、 バッチアンテナ本体 1の形: I人-は図 4 (a) 〜 (c) に示すように、 正方 形、 あるいは 8 J形等の多角形でもよレ、。  To generate a left-handed circularly polarized wave, the reverse operation of the above-mentioned right-handed circularly polarized wave ΔW method may be performed. That is, turn on the microwave switch :: lb, 3d, and turn off the microphone mouthpiece switches 3a, 3c. As a result, the patch antenna tree (1 and the perturbation elements 2 b and 2 d are electrically connected to each other. The force perturbation elements 2 a and 2 c are not connected to the batch antenna unit ί this unit. In this state, The circularly polarized patch antenna of the present embodiment is equivalent to the state of the conventional example shown in Fig. 1 (b), and the left-handed circular wave is subjected to ¾W. As shown in Figs. 4 (a) to 4 (c), a square or a polygon such as an 8J shape may be used.
以上説明したように、 本実施形態の円 波ノ オフ動作のみにより^ ϋ円 ίΐ波と左旋円 ( 波との则奐が可能な 1点給 fll方式の円 偏波パッチアンテナであるため、 2点給電方式に比べ給 ®経路の占冇 ιίι鎖が小さ くなる。 よって、 円 (房波パッチアンテナを小型化することができる。 As described above, the circular wave of the present embodiment Only by the off operation ^^ circle ίΐ wave and left-handed circle (1 point feed fll type circularly polarized patch antenna capable of tandem with wave, occupied the feed path compared to 2 point feed method Therefore, the circle (the wave antenna patch antenna can be downsized.
第 2の実施形態 Second embodiment
次に、 第 1の実施形態とは異なる、 円簡波パッチアンテナへの給 方法につい て、 図 5 (a) 、 図 5 (b) 、 図 6 (a) 、 図 6 (b) を川いて説 1 1する。  Next, a method of supplying a circular simple patch antenna, which is different from the first embodiment, will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a), 5 (b), 6 (a), and 6 (b). Theory 1 1.
図 5 (a) に同軸線路 47を用いて給電がなされる円脇波パッチアンテナの外 襟 4視図を、 図 5 (b) には図 5 (a) の断面図をそれぞれ示す。  Fig. 5 (a) is a view of the outer collar 4 of the circular side-wave patch antenna fed by using the coaxial line 47, and Fig. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 5 (a).
パッチアンテナ本体 41は、 絶緣 I·生の S板 45の上 |¾ίに配^されており、 基板 45の下面には導電細才からなるグランド層 46が積層されている。 また、 同軸 線路 47は内部導体 47 aと外部導体 47 bをィ ίしており、 板45の下而に lii 置されている。 この同 線路 47の内部導^ 47 aは J お 45を贯迎し、 給 48でパッチアンテナ本体 41にt気的に接続され、 また、 外部 体 47 bはグ ランド層 46に電気的に接続されており、 パッチアンテナ木^ 41への給? ΙΪは内 部導体 47 aを迎して行われる。  The patch antenna main body 41 is disposed on the | I-plate S of an insulated I / S board 45, and a ground layer 46 made of conductive material is laminated on the lower surface of the substrate 45. The coaxial line 47 has an inner conductor 47 a and an outer conductor 47 b, and is disposed below the plate 45. The inner conductor 47 a of the same line 47 intercepts J 45, and is connected to the patch antenna body 41 at supply 48 by air, and the outer body 47 b is electrically connected to the ground layer 46. The power supply to the patch antenna tree ^ 41 is performed with the inner conductor 47a.
次に、 図 6 (a) は、 高周波的な電磁結合により給 がなされる 1リ脇波バッチ アンテナの外 IIL钭視図を、 図 6 (b) には図 (ΐ (a) の断 lililズ Iをそれぞれ示す. パッチアンテナ本体 51は、誘電体からなる 板 55の上 liliに iW'j':されており、 基板 55の下面には給||¾路 54が配置されている,， また、 55の內部には スリット 57の形成された導 層 56がパッチアンテナ木^ 51と略、 行に ' されている。 上述した給 ¾|¾路54は、 基板 55の下而にスリツ卜 57が投影さ れる領域をまたぐように配置されており、 給 ¾線路 54に^周波 ¾流が流れる二 とで、 スリット 57を介して、 給 ¾¾路 54とパッチアンテナ木^ 51は髙周波 的な電磁結合により給電がなされることとなる。  Next, Fig. 6 (a) shows the outside IIL view of the 1-L side-wave batch antenna supplied by high-frequency electromagnetic coupling, and Fig. 6 (b) shows the cut-off lilil of Fig. 6 (a). The patch antenna main body 51 is provided on the plate 55 made of a dielectric material with iW'j 'on the lili, and on the lower surface of the substrate 55, a power supply line 54 is disposed. In addition, a conductive layer 56 having a slit 57 formed in a part thereof at 55 is abbreviated as a row, abbreviated as a patch antenna tree 51. The above-described power supply path 54 is formed by a slit at the bottom of the substrate 55. 57 is arranged so as to straddle the area where the light is projected, and the supply current 54 flows through the supply line 54, and the supply line 54 and the patch antenna tree 51 pass through the slit 57. The power is supplied by the appropriate electromagnetic coupling.
第 3の実施形態 Third embodiment
第 1の実施形態では、 図 3及び図 4に示すよ ) 'に极動素子 2 a、 b, 2 ：、 2 dに対して、 それぞれマイク口波スィツチ 3 y、 3 b、 3し'、 3 dが 1個ずつ 接続されていたが、 図 7に示す; の他の実施形態では、 お〖勋素子 62 aにマ ィク口波スィツチ 63 a、 63 e、摂動素子 62 bにマイク口波スィツチ 63 b、 6 3 ί、 摂動素子 6 2 cにマイクロ波スィッチ 6 3 c , 6 3 g、 拫動粜子 6 2 d にマイク口波スィツチ 6 3 d、 6 3 hと、 1個の素子に対して 2個のスィツチが 接続されている。 これにより、 インビーダンスの調整等が容易に行える。 In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), the microphone mouth-wave switches 3 y, 3 b, 3 ′ and ′ correspond to the driving elements 2 a, b, 2: and 2 d, respectively. 3d were connected one by one, as shown in FIG. 7; in another embodiment, the microphone 62a is connected to the microphone aperture switch 63a, 63e, and the perturbation element 62b is connected to the microphone aperture. Wave switch 63b, 6 3ί, perturbation element 6 2 c, microwave switch 6 3 c, 6 3 g, inductive element 6 2 d, microphone mouth wave switch 6 3 d, 6 3 h, 2 for each element Switches are connected. Thereby, adjustment of impedance etc. can be performed easily.
なお、 1個の素子に対して 3個以上のスィツチが接続されても拊わない。 また、 パッチアンテナ本体 6 :1の形状が図 4 ( a ) 〜 (じ） に示—ように、 正方 形、 あるレ、は 8 形等の多角形でもよレ、。  It should be noted that even if three or more switches are connected to one element, there is no problem. Also, as shown in Figs. 4 (a) to (j), the shape of the patch antenna body 6: 1 can be a square, a certain shape, or a polygon such as an eight shape.

Claims

請求の範 ω Claimed range ω
1 . ノ ツチアンテナ本体の外周上に ir¾リ偏波を放射可能な位置に配 された^ 1の摂動素子対と、  1. A pair of perturbation elements of ^ 1 arranged on the outer circumference of the notch antenna body at a position where it can radiate ir
ί ίπΐβパッチァンテナ本体の外周上に左旋円脇波を放射可能な位置に配置された 第 2の摂動素子対と、  対 動 πΐβ A second pair of perturbation elements arranged on the outer periphery of the patch antenna main body at a position capable of emitting left-handed circular side waves,
前記各摂動素子対と i!irtaパッチアンテナ本体との間に設けられ、 前記各摂動素 子対と前記パッチアンテナ本体との接続状態を前記各摂動素子対のレ、ずれか-一方 が選択的に されるように切り換えるスィッチとを有する 1点給電方式の ίΐ波 切換アンテナ。  Provided between each of the perturbation element pairs and the i! Irta patch antenna main body, the connection state between each of the perturbation element pairs and the patch antenna main body is selectively determined by one of the perturbation element pairs and the other. A single-point feeding type ίΐ-wave switching antenna having a switch for switching as described below.
2. ϊΙίΠΒバッチアンテナ本^の形状が、 円形である請求項 1に記載の 1点給電方 式の (扁波 ^換アンテナ。  2. The (single-wave antenna) of the one-point feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the {batch antenna book} is circular.
3 . 前記パッチアンテナ本体の形状が、 多^形である請求項:！に記載の 1点給继 方式の (福波切換アンテナ。  3. The shape of the patch antenna body is polymorphic. (Fukunami switching antenna of the one-point feeding method described in
4 . fiifEスィツチが、 P I Νダイォードである請求項 1に記載の 1点給 f 方式の 偏波切換アンテナ。  4. The single-point feeding f-type polarization switching antenna according to claim 1, wherein the fiifE switch is a PI Idiode.
5. ίίΒΰスィツチが、 G a A s F E Tである請求項 1に記戦の :1点給 f 方式の 偏波切換アンテナ。  5. The polarization switching antenna according to claim 1, wherein the switch is a GaAs FET.
6 . iW スィッチが、 前記各摂動素子に対して複数個接続される i1 R项 1に記聰 の 1点給電方式の ίΐ波切換アンテナ。 6. i 1 R 給 電 1 is a single-point feed-type microwave switching antenna, wherein a plurality of iW switches are connected to each of the perturbation elements.
7 . 前記パッチアンテナ本体への給電は、 同籼線路を川いて行う諮求项 1に記載 の 1 A給 ®方式の偏波切換アンテナ。  7. The 1-A feed type polarization switching antenna according to Request 1, wherein power is supplied to the patch antenna body through the same line.
8 . 問口部の形成された導体層を有する、 誘電体からなる基板の表面に配置され ているパッチアンテナ本体の外周上の右旋円 (！波を —可能な位置に配置された 第 1の摂動素子対と、  8. A right-handed circle on the outer periphery of the patch antenna body, which is placed on the surface of the dielectric substrate having the conductor layer with the interrogation part (! And a pair of perturbation elements of
前記パッチアンテナ本体の外周上に左旋円偏波を放射可能な位置に ι ίί¾された 第 2の摂動素子対と、  A second pair of perturbation elements positioned so as to be able to emit left-hand circularly polarized waves on the outer periphery of the patch antenna body;
前記各摂動素子 ·と ϊ¾ίί ノくッチアンテナ木体との Ι?Πに設けられ、 ι)ίί記各拫動素 子対と nirsi/ ッチアンテナ本体との接続状態を前記各摂動素子対のレ、ずれ力 -方 が選択的に接続されるように切り換えるスィツチとを有する 1点給 方式の ( 波 切 ί ^アンテナ。 Ι) The connection state between each perturbation element pair and the nirsi / titch antenna body is provided at the interface between each perturbation element and the notch antenna tree. And a switch for switching the power supply to be selectively connected. Off ^ ^ antenna.
9. 前記昍ロ部は、 ί ίΠ¾パッチアンテナ木^の投影される位置に配 されている 請求項 8に記載の 1点給 ®方式の漏波 ^換アンテナ。  9. The one-point feeding type leaky wave conversion antenna according to claim 8, wherein the antenna part is arranged at a position where the patch antenna tree is projected.
1 0. flffffiパッチアンテナ本 への給 ¾は、 前記 板の裏而、 力 、 ι)ίί記 I I口部 の投影される位置に配置された給 路から行われる請求項 8に記戰の 1点給 方式の齢波切換アンテナ。  10. The power supply to the flffffi patch antenna book is performed from the power supply line located at the projected position of the back of the plate, the force, ι) ίίII mouth. A point-feed type age-wave switching antenna.
PCT/JP1999/003201 1998-06-17 1999-06-16 One-point feeding polarized wave switching antenna WO1999066592A1 (en)

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