WO1999064659A1 - Alkyl polyglycosides and alkyl sulfates as penetrants in mercerizing baths - Google Patents
Alkyl polyglycosides and alkyl sulfates as penetrants in mercerizing baths Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999064659A1 WO1999064659A1 PCT/US1999/011807 US9911807W WO9964659A1 WO 1999064659 A1 WO1999064659 A1 WO 1999064659A1 US 9911807 W US9911807 W US 9911807W WO 9964659 A1 WO9964659 A1 WO 9964659A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- composition
- general formula
- sulfates
- glycosides
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 alkyl glycosides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005517 mercerization Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHGOKSLTIUHUBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COS(O)(=O)=O MHGOKSLTIUHUBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 claims description 3
- UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M n-octyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid monooctyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 17
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 12
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-ethylhexyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COS([O-])(=O)=O DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide Inorganic materials [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-CBPJZXOFSA-N D-Gulose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-CBPJZXOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-WHZQZERISA-N D-aldose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-WHZQZERISA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-IVMDWMLBSA-N D-allopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VSOAQEOCSA-N L-altropyranose Chemical compound OC[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VSOAQEOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-STGXQOJASA-N alpha-D-lyxopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-STGXQOJASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002951 idosyl group Chemical class C1([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003420 transacetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/262—Sulfated compounds thiosulfates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
Definitions
- This invention relates to the use of blends of alkyl polyglycosides with various alkyl sulfates as wetting agents and textile pretreatment penetrants in baths containing extremely high concentrations of caustic soda, and more particularly, for the mercerization of cotton yarn, knit goods and woven goods.
- the object of pretreating textiles is to free the textile materials, yarns or flocks in a simple and careful manner from impurities which interfere with various treatment processes, such as dyeing, printing, optical brightening or finishing.
- the pretreated material must not contain any troublesome quantities of soil, finishes, sizes and natural fiber impurities.
- the material must have a sufficient degree of whiteness, uniformity, high dye- ability and absorbency.
- Synthetic sheet-form textile materials or yarns generally contain spinning finishes, size and soil which should be removed by washing processes. Natural textile materials and yarns are much more difficult to free from troublesome impurities, such as size, finishes, waxes, pectins, etc.
- alkaline scouring is mainly used for this purpose.
- Desizing and bleaching are suitable pretreatments for synthetic and/or natural fibers, but are generally applied to natural fibers either individually or in combination with alkaline scouring.
- the textile material is first contacted with a chemical liquor containing surfactants.
- Mercerization is a customary step in the processing of cellulose- containing fiber materials and consists in treating these materials with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide. Mercerization wetting compositions must meet various application requirements. On the one hand, they must develop adequate wetting power in the strongly alkaline mercerizing liquors. Since in high-speed mercerizing machines the material to be mercerized moves through the liquor at high speed, it has to be wetted within a shorter time than is the case in machines working at slower speed. The higher speed of the material to be mercerized is responsible for increasing foaming on the liquor, which for example in yarn mercerization prevents not only rapid but also uniform wetting of the yarn.
- a further criterion for a good mercerization wetting composition is therefore the prevention of foaming in the mercerizing liquor. Furthermore, the formation of voluminous foam layers also interferes with the concentrating and recovery of the alkali metal hydroxide in the wash baths following the mercerizing bath.
- Mercerization imparts to cellulose fibers for example higher luster. At the same time, their dye affinity and the breaking strength are improved. These fibers are for this purpose treated with concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solutions (about 22 to 28%), for example aqueous solutions of lithium, sodium or potassium hydroxide or mixtures of these hydroxides. In the process, the fibers can be subjected to a simultaneous drawing step, which makes it possible to achieve a further increase in the luster effect.
- the most frequently employed variant is cold mercerization (in contradistinction to hot mercerization, which is carried out at a bath temperature of 20°-80°C); In cold mercerization, the bath temperature is from about -20° to +20° C.
- Special effects for example transparency effects, can be obtained by using baths cooled down to -20° C. Preferably, however, the temperature is 5° to 20° C.
- the mercerization is known as dry or wet mercerization. Especially the variant of dry mercerization understandably makes the use of highly effective mercerization wetting compositions necessary.
- alkyl glycosides have recently been used to an increasing extent in domestic detergents.
- surfactants for the pretreatment of textiles have to meet far more stringent requirements than domestic detergents.
- surfactants for the pretreatment of textiles must have a higher resistance to chemicals and heat and, in addition, have to separate more and, above all, other troublesome impurities from the textile materials, yarns and flocks than soil, such as sizes, finishes, pectins, etc., in a shorter time.
- U.S. Patent 5,464,547 which employs carbohydrate-based materials such as alkyl glycosides or alkyl carboxamidoglycosides.
- EP-A-0 102 930 discloses mercerization wetting compositions which are based on sulfuric esters of fatty alcohols and which are not only high-wetting but also low- foaming in use. Unfortunately, these wetting compositions are less advantageous from an ecological point of view, since they are slow to biodegrade.
- the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide a surfactant-containing composition suitable for the pretreatment of textiles which would be resistant to chemicals and alkalis, would have a high wetting and dispersing power and would provide the treated textile materials with excellent absorbency and, in combination with a bleach, with a high degree of whiteness.
- the surfactant-containing composition would be ecologically safe, i.e. would be non-toxic and completely biodegradable in a short time.
- sheet-form textile materials are understood to be woven and knitted fabrics and nonwovens.
- the textile pretreatment encompasses washing, alkaline scouring, bleaching and desizing.
- alkyl glycosides used in accordance with the invention are compounds known per se the production of which is described in numerous publications, for example in U.S. Patents 3,547,828, 3,772,269 and 3,839,318, in European patent applications EP 301 298, EP 357 969 and EP 362 671 and in DE-OS 39 27 919.
- the reaction products of glycoses and alcohols referred to as alkyl glycosides may be prepared either by direct reaction with an excess of the alcohol and an acid as catalyst or by transacetalization using a lower alcohol as solvent and reactant.
- the alkyl glycosides used in accordance with the invention are reaction products of the glycoses glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, talose, gulose, allose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose and ribose and alcohols containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms wherein the glycoses may be attached to one another by glycoside bonds.
- the number of glycoses attached to one another is characterized by the so-called degree of oligomerization which is denoted as n in general formula I.
- the degree of oligomerization n may also be an uneven number. It is generally between 1 and 3 and, more particularly, between 1.1 and 1.4.
- glycose units derived from the glycoses mentioned are denoted by the letter G in general formula I.
- G is preferably derived from glucose.
- R in general formula I is an alkyl radical containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms.
- R 1 is best derived from linear alcohols containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms which, as fatty alcohols, can be obtained in known manner from renewable raw materials. It is also possible to use compounds corresponding to general formula I in which R 1 is a branched alkyl radical containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms which is derived from branched alcohols.
- the branched alcohols may be obtained, for example, as so-called oxoalcohols by oxosynthesis.
- R 1 may of course also represent mixtures of alkyl radicals containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms. Mixtures such as these may be derived in particular from mixtures of linear alcohols containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms typically encountered in oleochemistry. Alkyl glycosides corresponding to general formula I in which R 1 is a linear alkyl radical containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms, are preferred for the purposes of the invention. Alkyl glycosides corresponding to general formula I in which R 1 is a linear alkyl radical essentially containing 10 carbon atoms, are particularly preferred. In the context of the invention, the term "essentially" in this connection means that 80 to 100% of R 1 represents the n-decyl radical.
- R 1 may be derived from alcohol mixtures which contain n-decyl alcohol in quantities of 80 to 100% by weight and an alcohol containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms and preferably 8 carbon atoms in quantities of 0 to 20% by weight.
- the alkyl glycosides to be used in accordance with the invention may contain small quantities, preferably below 2% by weight, of unreacted alcohols containing 8 to 14 carbon atoms, although this does not adversely affect their use.
- the alkyl glycosides may readily be used in the form of solutions or dispersions in the pretreatment liquors.
- Water and/or organic solvents above all n-butanol, 2-ethyl hexanol and/or glycerol, may be used as solvents or dispersants.
- Aqueous solutions or aqueous dispersions of alkyl glycosides which contain water in quantities of 50 to 100% by weight as solvent or dispersant and organic solvents in quantities of 0 to 50% by weight, based on solvent and dispersant, are preferred.
- Aqueous dispersions of alkyl glycosides are also understood to include the products known to the expert as "pastes".
- the alkyl glycosides are used in the form of solutions or dispersions in such quantities that the active substance content of alkyl glycoside in 1 liter of the corresponding pretreatment liquor is in the range from 0.1 to 10 g. per liter.
- the alkyl sulfates, also known as fatty alcohol sulfates, employed with the alkyl glycosides in the pretreatment compositions of this invention correspond to general formula II
- the fatty alcohol sulfates employed in the composition of this invention are selected from the group consisting of 2-ethylhexyl sulfate and n- octyl sulfate, sodium salt.
- alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates employed in this invention may be present in a weight ratio of from about 80:20 to 20:80, preferably in a weight ratio of from about 60:40 to 40:60.
- the surfactant combination is preferably used for the bleaching of natural or synthetic sheet-form textiles, yarns or flocks and, more particularly, for the aqueous alkaline bleaching of cotton, cotton/polyester, cotton/polyacrylonitrile, cotton/viscose or cotton/polyamide.
- the bleaching liquors contain as bleaching agent hydrogen peroxide or compounds which form hydrogen peroxide in water.
- the ph value of the bleaches is adjusted to at least 9 with alkalis, preferably sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide.
- the bleaching liquors typically contain, per liter, 5 to 100 ml 35% by weight hydrogen peroxide, 0.5 to 50 g.
- sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide 2.5 to 50 ml stabilizers, more particularly sodium or potassium silicate solutions, 0.1 to 1.0 g. magnesium salts, more particularly magnesium sulfate, 0.5 to 10 g. sequestrants of the phosphorate, gluconate or polyacrylate type, more particularly phosphonates such as Securon® 540 (a product of Henkel KGaA), the balance to 1 liter being made up by water.
- Bleaching is carried out at temperatures of 20° C (cold bleaching) to 120° C (hot bleaching) and preferably at temperatures of 70 to 120° C.
- alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates in accordance with the invention for bleaching is distinguished on the one hand by very good liquor uptake, i.e., large quantities of bleaching liquor are absorbed by the sheet- form textile materials, yarns or flocks, and on the other hand by a very high degree of whiteness.
- the sheet-form textiles, fibers or flocks are characterized after bleaching in the presence of alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates by very high absorbency and by a high and uniform dye absorption capacity.
- the alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates are used in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersions in such quantities that the active substance content of alkyl glycoside is in the range from 0.25 to 7.5 g. per liter scouring liquor, and that of the alkyl sulfates is in the range from 0.1 to 7.25 g. per liter scouring liquor.
- the scouring liquors are generally alkalized to a pH value of 10 to 14.
- the alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates are used in admixture with 2 to 300 g.
- alkalis preferably sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and 0 to 5 g. sequestrants of the above- described type, per liter scouring liquor.
- Alkaline scouring may be carried out in the usual way, preferably at temperatures of 95°C to 100° C. Very high liquor uptakes which allow short contact times can be obtained by the use of alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates for continuous scouring.
- Additions of typical foam inhibitors such as silicones, mineral oils or phosphoric acid esters, may be of advantage for continuous textile pretreatment processes.
- the use of the alkyl glycosides and alkyl sulfates in accordance with the invention provides for very high liquor uptakes which in turn allow short contact times between the material to be treated and the pretreatment baths.
- the surfactant combination is readily biodegradable and contains no phosphates or phenols.
- mercerization wetting compositions of the invention also permit a rapid and trouble-free recovery of the alkali metal hydroxide from the wash baths following the mercerizing bath.
- Desized, scoured cotton twill was impregnated, wet on wet, in a continuous laboratory machine with an aqueous liquor containing, per liter, 250 g. NaOH (100%).
- the impregnation temperature was 70° F, and the liquor uptake was
- GLUCOPON ® 425 N 4. mercerized, 70:30 sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate: 140.7 GLUCOPON ® 425 N
- GLUCOPON ® 425 N is a C 8 - C 16 alkyl polyglucoside having a degree of oligomerization n of about 1.6.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU44086/99A AU4408699A (en) | 1998-06-10 | 1999-06-08 | Alkyl polyglycosides and alkyl sulfates as penetrants in mercerizing baths |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US8879198P | 1998-06-10 | 1998-06-10 | |
US60/088,791 | 1998-06-10 | ||
US31433299A | 1999-05-19 | 1999-05-19 | |
US09/314,332 | 1999-05-19 |
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WO1999064659A1 true WO1999064659A1 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
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WO (1) | WO1999064659A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102277736A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-14 | 沂水祥腾化工有限公司 | Highly-alkaliproof mercerizing and infiltrating refining agent |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5753606A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1998-05-19 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Low-foaming detergents or cleaning formulations |
US5773406A (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1998-06-30 | Henkel Corporation | Foaming composition |
-
1999
- 1999-06-08 WO PCT/US1999/011807 patent/WO1999064659A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-06-08 AU AU44086/99A patent/AU4408699A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5753606A (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1998-05-19 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Low-foaming detergents or cleaning formulations |
US5773406A (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1998-06-30 | Henkel Corporation | Foaming composition |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102277736A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-14 | 沂水祥腾化工有限公司 | Highly-alkaliproof mercerizing and infiltrating refining agent |
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AU4408699A (en) | 1999-12-30 |
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