US2802715A - Process for the boiling-off and bucking of cellulose fibers in aqueous alkaline solution containing r-(oc2h4)nu och2 coom compounds - Google Patents

Process for the boiling-off and bucking of cellulose fibers in aqueous alkaline solution containing r-(oc2h4)nu och2 coom compounds Download PDF

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US2802715A
US2802715A US427366A US42736654A US2802715A US 2802715 A US2802715 A US 2802715A US 427366 A US427366 A US 427366A US 42736654 A US42736654 A US 42736654A US 2802715 A US2802715 A US 2802715A
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cellulose fibers
bucking
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gray
caustic soda
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Hofer Kurt
Hemmi Hans
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Saul and Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/235—Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group
    • C07C59/305—Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C11D1/06—Ether- or thioether carboxylic acids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/217—Polyoxyalkyleneglycol ethers with a terminal carboxyl group; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6133—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from araliphatic or aliphatic alcohols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6135—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from aromatic alcohols or from phenols, naphthols

Definitions

  • a primary object of the invention is the embodiment of a cleaning process of the character aforesaid, whereby the boiling-off and/or bucking may proceed in more eflicient manner and whereby the treated fibers are better suited for subsequent treatments, such as mercerization, bleaching, dyeing, finishing and the like.
  • This object is realized according to the present invention, briefly state, by subjecting the cellulose fibers to treatment at temperatures above 75 C. in an alkaline bath containing polyether carboxylic compound corresponding to the formula wherein R stands for a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to carbon atoms or for an alkylaryl or hydrogenated alkylaryl radical with 8 to carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is greater than 1, and M represents a cation.
  • R stands for a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to carbon atoms or for an alkylaryl or hydrogenated alkylaryl radical with 8 to carbon atoms
  • n is a whole number which is greater than 1
  • M represents a cation.
  • Cellulose fibers thus created become highly wettable and do not lose this property upon being rinsed ro washed, boiled, mercerized or bleached. Accordingly, upon the further treatment of such fibers in aqueous media wherein good we
  • GsHWQ-(HCHgC momornooon Oumowmornomcrnooon Example I A cotton cretonne fabric, directly as it comes from the loom, is boiled-oil for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to liquor ratio of 1:40 in an open vessel in the presence in the liquor of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate [CraHssO CHsCHaO 12CHzCOONa] per liter of liquor, after which the material is washed with hot Water and then with cold water until it is neutral, whereupon it is dried at 60 C. The material then has an excellent wettability in aqueous medium, which is not the case if the boiling-oil is carried out in the absence of the said compound.
  • Example 2 Unboiled cotton is boiled-off for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to liquor ratio of 1:40 in the presence in the liquor of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the material is washed with hot water and then with cold water until it is neutral, whereupon it is dried. After this treatment, the material has an excellent absorptive action.
  • Example 3 Gray cotton pearl yarn 3/2 is boiled-oil in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to liquor ratio of 1:40 for one and one-half hours in an open vessel in the presence in the liquor of one gram per liter of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate, after which the material is Washed neutral and dried.
  • a similar yarn is boiled-oil in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in the same bath ratio for 4 hours with no addition to the liquor. If these yarns are now subjected to comparative shrinking tests in caustic soda of 30 B. strength at 20 C., then the yarn which was boiled-01f without the addition of assistant shows after seconds a shrinking of 12.2%, while that which was boiled-off with the assistant shows a shrinkage of 22%.
  • Example 4 Gray cotton pearl yarn 3/2 is boilechoff for one and one-half hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength, containing one gram of sodium lauryltetraglycoloxyacetate [C1zH35O(CH2CH2O)4CHzCOONu] per liter of liquor, in an open vessel. If this yarn is subjected to a comparative test, after the manner set forth in Example 3, with a like yarn which was boiled-off under the same conditions but in the absence of the added assistant, it will be found that the yarn treated with the assistant shrinks to an extent of 21.4% in 90 seconds while that boiled-oft without the assistant shrinks only to an extent of 14.6%.
  • Example Cotton pearl yarn 3/2 in the gray is boiled-off for 2 hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength, containing one gram of sodium iso-octylphenylor is& octylhexahydrophenyloctaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, in an open vessel. The material is thereupon rinsed and dried. Shrinkage measurements according to Example 3 show that, in contrast to the yarn which was boiled-ofi without the added assistant and which shrinks only about 12.8% under the given conditions, the yarn which was boiled-off with the assistant shrinks to an extent of 21.3% in the same time (90 seconds).
  • Example 6 A piece of unboiled cotton cretonne is bucked for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength under a pressure of one and one-half atmospheres in the presence in the liquor of 0.25 gram of sodium olcyldecaglycoloxyacetate with a goods to liquor ratio of 1:10. The material is then washed and dried. The thustreated piece of fabric wets very easily, while a similar piece of fabric which was bucked as above but without the assistant shows only a very slight wettability.
  • Example 8 A piece of cotton cretonne fabric is bucked for two hours at a pressure of 1.8 atmospheres in a pressure receptable in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength containing one gram of sodium myristyl-decaor cetyl-dodecaor stearyl-dodeca-glycoloxyacetate per liter. The material is then washed and dired. Even after repeated washings, the material still has outstanding wcttability.
  • Example 9 A piece of unboiled cotton cretonne is boiled-off for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to bath ratio of 1:40 and in an open vessel, with the addition to the liquor of 0.5 gram of sodium oleyldodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the material is rinsed and dried.
  • the treated piece can, in the padding process, by virtue of rapid and very uniform wettability, he excellently padded on the Foulard with a conventionally prepared vat-acid solution of dyestufi No. 1270 (Schultz, Farbstofftabellen, 7th edition, 1931), the dyestuff penetrating the material to be dyed in outstanding manner and the resulting dyeing being very even.
  • Example 10 1 Similar results may he obtained with sodium tetramethylnonyloctaglyeoloxyacetate prepared from tetramethylnonanol (Enjay Co. Inc.. New York).
  • Example 12 A difiicultly and non-uniformly wettable and swelling viscose fabric is boiled-off for one and one-half hours in a goods to bath ratio of 1:30 in a bath containing 1.0 gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate and 0.5 gram of a 30% aqueous caustic soda solution per liter, after which the material is rinsed and dried.
  • the sor treated fabric is wetted and swells much more uniformly than the same fabric which has been boiled-0E without assistant.
  • Example 13 A piece of cotton cretonne fabric, as it comes from the loom, is boiled-off for two hours in a goods to bath ratio of 1:40 in an aqueous caustic soda liquor to 2 B. strength in an open vessel, with the addition to the bath of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the material is rinsed until it is neutral and then bleached in the cold for two hours with a bleaching liquor which contains one gram of active chlorine per liter, then acidified, dechlorinated with sodium bisulfite, and dried.
  • the thus-treated fabric is, in comparison with like material which has been treated without an assistant, much whiter.
  • Example 14 goods to bath ratio of 1:20 in an open vessel, with addition of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the yarn is washed neutral and dried.
  • This yarn is then treated for one hour, in the mercerized or unmercerized state, in a chlorine bleaching bath containing one gram of active chlorine per liter, whereupon it is acidified, dechlorinated and then treated in an oxygenic bleaching bath which contains 10 milliliters of hydrogen peroxide (30%) and 1 milliliter of aqueous caustic soda solution (36 B.) per liter.
  • the temperature is raised, in this connection, from 40 to 75 C. in the course of two hours and, after a temperature of 75 C.
  • the treatment according to the present invention is generally carried out at the boiling temperature of the aqueous alkaline treating bath, i. e. at a temperature above 75 C.
  • the treatment may be carried out at temperature within the range from 75 to C.
  • assistant (1) in the form of the sodium salt
  • assistant may also with essentially equal success be used in the form of the acid or of other soluble salts, for instance potassium, ammonium and amine salts of the acid.
  • the preferred aqueous alkaline treating bath is preferably constituted by a caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength, but the invention may with equal success be carried out with other alkaline boiling-off or bucking baths, such as baths which density may vary from 0.5 to B. and which instead of caustic soda contain caustic potassium or sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
  • the preferred concentration of assistant in the treating bath is 0.2 to 1 gram per liter, but in some cases it may be favorable to reduce or to increase the quantity of the assistant within the range of 0.1 to 10 grams per liter.
  • a bucking process for cleaing gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula R(OC2H4) nOCHzCOOM wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing 8 to carbon atoms, and alkylphenyl and hydrogenated alkylphenyl radicals containing a total of 8 to carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula R (CC-2H4 nOCH2COOM wherein R is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • R is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n is a whole number which is 2 to 20
  • M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and am
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula wherein R is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray celluose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of causic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula wherein R is an alkylphenyl radical containing a total of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of to C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula wherein R is a hydrogenated alkylphenyl radical containing a total of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, 1': is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a buckling process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 Be. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium lauryl-hexaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a buckling process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium myristyl-decaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium cetyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium stearyl-clodecaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
  • a bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Description

United States P t O i 5...... A...
1 2,802,715 PROCESS FOR THE BOILING-OFF AND BUCKING F CELLULOSE FIBERS IN AQUEOUS ALKA- LINE SOLUTION CONTAINING R-(OC2H4)B OCH: COOM COMPOUNDS Kurt Hofer, Neue Welt, near Basel, and Hans Hemmi, Binningen, near Basel, Switzerland, assignors, by mesne assignments, to Saul & Co., Newark, N. J., as nominee of Fidelity Union Trust Company No Drawing. Application May 3, 1954, Serial No. 427,366 Claims priority, application Switzerland May 6, 1953 Claims. (Cl. 8-139) The present invention is concerned with the cleaning of cellulose fibers as for example those in the so-called gray state, more especially by boiling-off and bucking.
A primary object of the invention is the embodiment of a cleaning process of the character aforesaid, whereby the boiling-off and/or bucking may proceed in more eflicient manner and whereby the treated fibers are better suited for subsequent treatments, such as mercerization, bleaching, dyeing, finishing and the like.
This object is realized according to the present invention, briefly state, by subjecting the cellulose fibers to treatment at temperatures above 75 C. in an alkaline bath containing polyether carboxylic compound corresponding to the formula wherein R stands for a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to carbon atoms or for an alkylaryl or hydrogenated alkylaryl radical with 8 to carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is greater than 1, and M represents a cation. Cellulose fibers thus created become highly wettable and do not lose this property upon being rinsed ro washed, boiled, mercerized or bleached. Accordingly, upon the further treatment of such fibers in aqueous media wherein good wetting and penetration normally requires the addition of a wetting agent, it is possible according to the present invention successfully to carry out such further treatment without having to add a wetting agent.
The thus-realizable rapid wettability makes it possible to carry out mercerizing, bleaching, dyeing, finishing and the like processes more quickly and more uniformly. Moreover, the presence of a compound of Formula I facilitates the penetration of the boiling-oif and bucking liquors into the fibers, so that the boiling-oil or bucking process proceeds more rapidly and more uniformly.
This property of the aforesaid polyether carboxylic acid compounds (I) is surprising, since it cannot be realized at all or only to a greatly diminished extent with the known bucking assistants such as the alkylaryl sulfonates,
the alkyl sulfates, the fatty acid condensation products,
etc.
Illustrative of compounds of Formula I which are particularly useful in carrying out the present invention are the following compounds:
1" zig meant that 11 may range from as low as to as high as cmrOowmomomcmo 00H, etc.
GsHWQ-(HCHgC momornooon Oumowmornomcrnooon Example I A cotton cretonne fabric, directly as it comes from the loom, is boiled-oil for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to liquor ratio of 1:40 in an open vessel in the presence in the liquor of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate [CraHssO CHsCHaO 12CHzCOONa] per liter of liquor, after which the material is washed with hot Water and then with cold water until it is neutral, whereupon it is dried at 60 C. The material then has an excellent wettability in aqueous medium, which is not the case if the boiling-oil is carried out in the absence of the said compound.
Example 2 Unboiled cotton is boiled-off for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to liquor ratio of 1:40 in the presence in the liquor of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the material is washed with hot water and then with cold water until it is neutral, whereupon it is dried. After this treatment, the material has an excellent absorptive action.
Example 3 Gray cotton pearl yarn 3/2 is boiled-oil in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to liquor ratio of 1:40 for one and one-half hours in an open vessel in the presence in the liquor of one gram per liter of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate, after which the material is Washed neutral and dried. By way of comparison, a similar yarn is boiled-oil in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in the same bath ratio for 4 hours with no addition to the liquor. If these yarns are now subjected to comparative shrinking tests in caustic soda of 30 B. strength at 20 C., then the yarn which was boiled-01f without the addition of assistant shows after seconds a shrinking of 12.2%, while that which was boiled-off with the assistant shows a shrinkage of 22%.
Example 4 Gray cotton pearl yarn 3/2 is boilechoff for one and one-half hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength, containing one gram of sodium lauryltetraglycoloxyacetate [C1zH35O(CH2CH2O)4CHzCOONu] per liter of liquor, in an open vessel. If this yarn is subjected to a comparative test, after the manner set forth in Example 3, with a like yarn which was boiled-off under the same conditions but in the absence of the added assistant, it will be found that the yarn treated with the assistant shrinks to an extent of 21.4% in 90 seconds while that boiled-oft without the assistant shrinks only to an extent of 14.6%.
Example Cotton pearl yarn 3/2 in the gray is boiled-off for 2 hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength, containing one gram of sodium iso-octylphenylor is& octylhexahydrophenyloctaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, in an open vessel. The material is thereupon rinsed and dried. Shrinkage measurements according to Example 3 show that, in contrast to the yarn which was boiled-ofi without the added assistant and which shrinks only about 12.8% under the given conditions, the yarn which was boiled-off with the assistant shrinks to an extent of 21.3% in the same time (90 seconds).
Example 6 A piece of unboiled cotton cretonne is bucked for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength under a pressure of one and one-half atmospheres in the presence in the liquor of 0.25 gram of sodium olcyldecaglycoloxyacetate with a goods to liquor ratio of 1:10. The material is then washed and dried. The thustreated piece of fabric wets very easily, while a similar piece of fabric which was bucked as above but without the assistant shows only a very slight wettability.
Example 7 A piece of cotton cretonne, as it comes from the loom, is boiled-off for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to bath ratio of 1:40 in an open vessel with the addition to the liquor of one gram per liter of sodium lauryl-hexaglycoloxyacetate, after which the material is rinsed until it has a neutral reaction and is then dried. This treatment imparts outstanding wettability to the material. X
Example 8 A piece of cotton cretonne fabric is bucked for two hours at a pressure of 1.8 atmospheres in a pressure receptable in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength containing one gram of sodium myristyl-decaor cetyl-dodecaor stearyl-dodeca-glycoloxyacetate per liter. The material is then washed and dired. Even after repeated washings, the material still has outstanding wcttability.
Example 9 A piece of unboiled cotton cretonne is boiled-off for two hours in an aqueous caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength in a goods to bath ratio of 1:40 and in an open vessel, with the addition to the liquor of 0.5 gram of sodium oleyldodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the material is rinsed and dried. In contrast to a piece of this fabric which was boiled-off in the absence of the assistant, the treated piece can, in the padding process, by virtue of rapid and very uniform wettability, he excellently padded on the Foulard with a conventionally prepared vat-acid solution of dyestufi No. 1270 (Schultz, Farbstofftabellen, 7th edition, 1931), the dyestuff penetrating the material to be dyed in outstanding manner and the resulting dyeing being very even.
Example 10 1 Similar results may he obtained with sodium tetramethylnonyloctaglyeoloxyacetate prepared from tetramethylnonanol (Enjay Co. Inc.. New York).
tion of dyestufi No. 513 (Schultz, Farbstofi'tabellen, 7th edition, 1931), very uniform wetting is obtained and, upon completion of the dyeing, the material is very well through-dyed.
Example 11 Linen yarn is boiled-01f first for two hours in an aqueous solution of 5 grams of calcined sodium carbonate and 0.2 gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter, and then subjected to the action of chlorine for one hour in the cold in a solution containing 5 grams of active chlorine per liter, acidified, aftertreated with sodium bisulfite, and dried. In this way, an outstandingly absorptive and dyeable yarn is obtained, whereas linen yarn treated in the same manner in the absence of the assistant has only a very slight absorptive capacity.
Example 12 A difiicultly and non-uniformly wettable and swelling viscose fabric is boiled-off for one and one-half hours in a goods to bath ratio of 1:30 in a bath containing 1.0 gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate and 0.5 gram of a 30% aqueous caustic soda solution per liter, after which the material is rinsed and dried. The sor treated fabric is wetted and swells much more uniformly than the same fabric which has been boiled-0E without assistant.
Example 13 A piece of cotton cretonne fabric, as it comes from the loom, is boiled-off for two hours in a goods to bath ratio of 1:40 in an aqueous caustic soda liquor to 2 B. strength in an open vessel, with the addition to the bath of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the material is rinsed until it is neutral and then bleached in the cold for two hours with a bleaching liquor which contains one gram of active chlorine per liter, then acidified, dechlorinated with sodium bisulfite, and dried. The thus-treated fabric is, in comparison with like material which has been treated without an assistant, much whiter.
Example 14 goods to bath ratio of 1:20 in an open vessel, with addition of one gram of sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate per liter of liquor, after which the yarn is washed neutral and dried. This yarn is then treated for one hour, in the mercerized or unmercerized state, in a chlorine bleaching bath containing one gram of active chlorine per liter, whereupon it is acidified, dechlorinated and then treated in an oxygenic bleaching bath which contains 10 milliliters of hydrogen peroxide (30%) and 1 milliliter of aqueous caustic soda solution (36 B.) per liter. The temperature is raised, in this connection, from 40 to 75 C. in the course of two hours and, after a temperature of 75 C. is reached, maintained at one hour between 75 and C. The material is then rinsed and dried. In this way, a very nice bleached yarn is obtained, whereas a pearl yarn which is similarly treated but without the assistant according to this invention has, after being bleached, a considerably inferior white appearance.
It will be evident from the foregoing examples that the treatment according to the present invention is generally carried out at the boiling temperature of the aqueous alkaline treating bath, i. e. at a temperature above 75 C. However, for the sake of completeness, it may be noted that the treatment may be carried out at temperature within the range from 75 to C.
While, as is evident from the foregoing illustrative examples, it is preferred to use the assistant (1) in the form of the sodium salt, such assistant may also with essentially equal success be used in the form of the acid or of other soluble salts, for instance potassium, ammonium and amine salts of the acid.
The preferred aqueous alkaline treating bath is preferably constituted by a caustic soda liquor of 2 B. strength, but the invention may with equal success be carried out with other alkaline boiling-off or bucking baths, such as baths which density may vary from 0.5 to B. and which instead of caustic soda contain caustic potassium or sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
The preferred concentration of assistant in the treating bath is 0.2 to 1 gram per liter, but in some cases it may be favorable to reduce or to increase the quantity of the assistant within the range of 0.1 to 10 grams per liter.
Having thus disclosed the invention, what is claimed is:
l. A bucking process for cleaing gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula R(OC2H4) nOCHzCOOM wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing 8 to carbon atoms, and alkylphenyl and hydrogenated alkylphenyl radicals containing a total of 8 to carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
2. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula R (CC-2H4 nOCH2COOM wherein R is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
3. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula wherein R is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
4. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray celluose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of causic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula wherein R is an alkylphenyl radical containing a total of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, n is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
5. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of to C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient a member selected from the group consisting of caustic soda, caustic potash, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and as another essential ingredient a compound of the formula wherein R is a hydrogenated alkylphenyl radical containing a total of 8 to 25 carbon atoms, 1': is a whole number which is 2 to 20, and M represents a cation selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkali metal and ammonium, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
6. A buckling process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 Be. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium lauryl-hexaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
7. A buckling process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium myristyl-decaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
8. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium cetyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
9. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium stearyl-clodecaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
10. A bucking process for cleaning gray cellulose fibers, which comprises washing the gray cellulose fibers at temperatures of 75 to 140 C. with an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.5 to 10 B. containing as the essential alkaline ingredient caustic soda and as another essential ingredient sodium oleyl-dodecaglycoloxyacetate, until impurities have been removed from the fibers and the latter have been rendered hydrophilic.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Hausmann et al. Dec. 19, 1939 Nusslein et a1. Feb. 8, 1944 OTHER REFERENCES

Claims (1)

1. A BUCKING PROCESS FOR CLEANING GRAY CELLULOSE FIBERS, WHICH COMPRISES WASHING THE GRAY CELLULOSE FIBERS AT TEMPERATURES OF 75 TO 140*C. WITH AN AQUEOUS ALKALINE SOLUTION OF 0.5 TO 10*BE. CONTAINING AS THE ESSENTIAL ALKALINE INGREDIENT A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CAUSTIC SODA, CAUSTIC POTASH, SODIUM CARBONATE AND POTASSIUM CARBONATE, AND AS ANOTHER ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTT A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA
US427366A 1953-05-06 1954-05-03 Process for the boiling-off and bucking of cellulose fibers in aqueous alkaline solution containing r-(oc2h4)nu och2 coom compounds Expired - Lifetime US2802715A (en)

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FR2015144A1 (en) * 1968-08-06 1970-04-24 Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur Ag
US3775052A (en) * 1970-11-06 1973-11-27 Chem Y Fab Van Chem Produkten Detergent compositions for carpets and the like
US3941710A (en) * 1972-04-24 1976-03-02 Lever Brothers Company Phosphate - free dishwashing compositions containing an alkyl polyether carboxylate surfactant
US4915864A (en) * 1987-06-25 1990-04-10 Kao Corporation Aqueous solution composition of strong alkali and nonionic surface active agent
US20040171738A1 (en) * 2001-07-19 2004-09-02 Andreas Harz Pigments dispersions based on water and acrylate
US20060229382A1 (en) * 2003-04-22 2006-10-12 Karl-Heinz Schweikart Water-based coloring agent preparations for inkjet printing
US20070131144A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2007-06-14 Winter Martin A Water-based pigment preparations

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NL8301168A (en) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-16 Chem Y CLEANER BASED ON ACTIVE CHLORINE AND ALKALI.
US4670372A (en) * 1984-10-15 1987-06-02 Petrarch Systems, Inc. Process of developing radiation imaged photoresist with alkaline developer solution including a carboxylated surfactant
CA1281578C (en) * 1985-07-18 1991-03-19 Susan A. Ferguson High contrast photoresist developer with enhanced sensitivity

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US2183853A (en) * 1934-12-22 1939-12-19 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Polyoxyalkylene ether acid compounds containing a higher aliphatic group
US2340977A (en) * 1939-05-13 1944-02-08 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Process of removing tar and pitch tips from wool

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DE738891C (en) * 1938-07-19 1943-09-06 Albert Ag Chem Werke Aids for textile treatment liquors
CH287464A (en) * 1948-12-15 1952-11-30 Ciba Geigy Process for increasing the wetting ability of mercerising liquors.

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2183853A (en) * 1934-12-22 1939-12-19 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Polyoxyalkylene ether acid compounds containing a higher aliphatic group
US2340977A (en) * 1939-05-13 1944-02-08 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Process of removing tar and pitch tips from wool

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2015144A1 (en) * 1968-08-06 1970-04-24 Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur Ag
US3775052A (en) * 1970-11-06 1973-11-27 Chem Y Fab Van Chem Produkten Detergent compositions for carpets and the like
US3941710A (en) * 1972-04-24 1976-03-02 Lever Brothers Company Phosphate - free dishwashing compositions containing an alkyl polyether carboxylate surfactant
US4915864A (en) * 1987-06-25 1990-04-10 Kao Corporation Aqueous solution composition of strong alkali and nonionic surface active agent
US20040171738A1 (en) * 2001-07-19 2004-09-02 Andreas Harz Pigments dispersions based on water and acrylate
US7285592B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2007-10-23 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Pigments dispersions based on water and acrylate
US20060229382A1 (en) * 2003-04-22 2006-10-12 Karl-Heinz Schweikart Water-based coloring agent preparations for inkjet printing
US20070131144A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2007-06-14 Winter Martin A Water-based pigment preparations

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