WO1999059795A1 - Injection moulding tool - Google Patents

Injection moulding tool Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999059795A1
WO1999059795A1 PCT/CH1999/000206 CH9900206W WO9959795A1 WO 1999059795 A1 WO1999059795 A1 WO 1999059795A1 CH 9900206 W CH9900206 W CH 9900206W WO 9959795 A1 WO9959795 A1 WO 9959795A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
injection molding
pressure
molding tool
pressure sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1999/000206
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Otto Hofstetter
Luis Fernandez
Original Assignee
Otto Hofstetter Ag Werkzeug- Und Formenbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otto Hofstetter Ag Werkzeug- Und Formenbau filed Critical Otto Hofstetter Ag Werkzeug- Und Formenbau
Priority to EP99919017A priority Critical patent/EP1077799A1/en
Priority to JP2000549444A priority patent/JP2002515362A/en
Priority to CA002331576A priority patent/CA2331576A1/en
Publication of WO1999059795A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999059795A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2701—Details not specific to hot or cold runner channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2701—Details not specific to hot or cold runner channels
    • B29C2045/2722—Nozzles or runner channels provided with a pressure sensor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injection molding tool for the injection molding of plastic moldings according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Tools for the injection molding of multilayer moldings made of plastic materials and in particular PET-like materials have been known for a long time and are mainly used in the production of preforms, such as those required by the beverage industry for their so-called PET bottles in large quantities.
  • Exceptionally high demands are placed on these tools, as special attention must be paid to the processing of PET, PEN and their copolymers, as well as nylon, whose material-specific characteristics.
  • the processing temperature of these plastics proves to be particularly critical. They are also extremely sensitive to pressure fluctuations and shear forces. In particular, such and other parameters influence the uniformity, homogeneity of the layer thickness and the density distribution within the preforms produced.
  • Particularly high demands are placed on tools with which multilayer preforms can be injected.
  • Methods for producing multilayer preforms are known, for example, from US 4,609,516.
  • the preforms described in this document have five layers, of which at least one layer consists of a barrier layer material, while the other layers consist of thermoplastic materials known in injection molding technology.
  • Barrier layers are used in preforms to reduce the gas permeability of the containers formed from these preforms.
  • barrier layer materials Compared to the known thermoplastic materials, barrier layer materials have a gas impermeability two to three times higher; however, they are also eight times as expensive. The comparatively high price of barrier layer materials makes it necessary to use them sparingly without adversely affecting their desired functions.
  • No. 4,609,516 therefore proposes to limit the materials introduced into an injection mold quantitatively by means of volume specifications. This is to ensure that only the required minimum amount of barrier layer material is introduced between the other layers.
  • Pressure sensors are known in the field of injection molding technology, with which the pressure in the cavities can be measured in order to be able to determine the filling quantity.
  • the aim here is to fully monitor each individual cavity for overspraying, ie overfilling, or for insufficient filling.
  • an impression of the measuring window of the pressure sensors is of minor importance in the manufacture of simple plastic containers - but are not tolerable in the manufacture of preforms as used in the beverage industry. Such imprints form a defect that can lead to tearing when these preforms are stretched.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an injection molding tool which enables the filling of the individual cavities to be monitored in a simple manner and while avoiding the disadvantages indicated.
  • Blown bars here mean any type of mold in which preforms are inflated via a blow mandrel or through an attached nozzle for the production of containers, in particular for the packaging industry.
  • Such methods of blow stretching are known and are used in particular in injection molding blow molding or stretch blow molding.
  • Stretch blow molding is characterized in particular by the fact that the strengthened shape of the container is increased by two-axis stretching.
  • Fig. 1 cross section through an injection nozzle for the
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through an injection molding nozzle for the production of multilayer preforms
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of an injection mold 2 with spray nozzles 1 for the production of simply filled preforms.
  • this nozzle 1 is constructed in several parts and has a nozzle head 3 which is fastened in a nozzle body 4.
  • a nozzle closure pin 7 is guided in a nozzle insert 5.
  • a plastic melt A is conveyed from a feed line 9 into a nozzle channel 6 of the nozzle 1.
  • This nozzle channel 6 is according to the invention equipped with means for measuring the pressure, and in particular with a pressure sensor.
  • This pressure sensor can be arranged in the nozzle body 4, directly behind a measuring window 18, or, because of the high mold temperature, can be fastened outside the nozzle body 4 with the aid of a means for transmitting the pressure that occurs in the nozzle channel 6 during injection molding.
  • This means can be a mechanical or hydraulic device.
  • the geometric arrangement of one or more supply lines 16 to the pressure sensor is adapted to the geometric structure of the nozzle.
  • these feed lines 16 connect the pressure sensor arranged directly behind the measuring window 18 to an electronic circuit (not shown) for monitoring and / or controlling the filling process.
  • these feed lines 16 serve to transmit the pressure that occurs in the injection channel in the nozzle channel 6.
  • feed lines 16 lie in a bore 10 which, depending on the geometric structure of the nozzle 1, is essentially parallel or transverse to the conveying direction of the Nozzle 1 or to the nozzle axis.
  • the person skilled in the art will attempt to arrange the measuring window 18 as close as possible to the tip of the nozzle and to guide the feed lines 16 past one or more heating elements 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows an injection molding nozzle 1 of a tool 2 suitable for the production of multilayer preforms.
  • This nozzle 1 is constructed in several parts and essentially comprises one Nozzle head 3 which is fastened in a nozzle body 4.
  • a nozzle insert 5 is arranged in the interior of the nozzle 1, in the interior of which a first nozzle channel 6 and a nozzle closure pin 7 are located.
  • the nozzle insert 5 is dimensioned such that a second, ring-shaped nozzle channel 8 is formed between it and the nozzle head 3.
  • This nozzle 1 is arranged in the tool 2 such that its first nozzle channel 6 communicates with a first supply line 9 and its second nozzle channel 8 communicates with a second supply line 11.
  • a first plastic material A in particular PET
  • a second plastic material B preferably a barrier material made of nylon or the like
  • the blocking material B can thus be introduced into the interior of the three-layer preform that is formed in the mold cavity 12.
  • the nozzle 1 has a pressure sensor 13 arranged in the nozzle body 4.
  • This pressure sensor 13 comprises a sensor head 14, which is fastened in a pressure-resistant housing part 15 in the nozzle body 4 and is connected via a feed line 16 to an evaluation device (not shown), in particular an electronic circuit for monitoring and / or controlling the filling process.
  • an evaluation device not shown
  • a pressure in the range from 0 to 2000 bar, in particular in the range from 300 to 400 bar can be measured with this sensor and the pressure sensor 13 is suitable for withstanding temperatures, at least briefly, of up to 400 ° C. without damage.
  • Such pressure sensors are well known to the person skilled in the field of sensor technology. With the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the pressure of the material B in the flowable state (melt) and in the immediate vicinity of the
  • Measure mold cavity 12 Depending on the space available within the nozzle 1 and the size of the pressure sensors used the person skilled in the art should arrange the bores 10 essentially parallel or transversely to the conveying direction of the nozzle.
  • the nozzle shown can also be operated such that the first plastic material is conveyed through the first nozzle channel 6 and the second plastic material through the second nozzle channel 8. With this mode of operation, the pressure of the first plastic material in the first nozzle channel 6 can be measured.
  • the person skilled in the art knows that such a nozzle can also be used for the production of five- or multi-layer preforms. It is also in the area of professional skill to design injection molding nozzles for several, different plastic materials with several nozzle channels and to equip them with suitable pressure sensors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The inventive injection moulding tool for injection-moulding plastic shapes has several dies (1). Said dies are equipped with elements for measuring the pressure present in the approach (6, 8) of the die (1) during injection moulding. These elements, especially electronic pressure sensors (13), provide a means of monitoring the filling pressure and controlling the filling process.

Description

SpritzgiesswerkzeugInjection mold
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Spritzgiesswerkzeug zum Spritzgiessen von Kunststofffor lingen gemass Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an injection molding tool for the injection molding of plastic moldings according to the preamble of claim 1.
Werkzeuge zum Spritzgiessen von mehrschichtigen Formungen aus Kunststoffmaterialien und insbesondere PET-artigen Materialien sind seit längerem bekannt und finden ihre Verwendung im wesentlichen bei der Herstellung von Vor- formlingen, wie sie die Getränkeindustrie für ihre sogenannten PET-Flaschen in grossen Mengen benötigt. An diese Werkzeuge werden aussergewöhnlich hohe Anforderungen ge- stellt, da bei der Verarbeitung von PET, PEN und deren Copoly eren, sowie von Nylon deren materialspezifische Besonderheiten besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden muss. So erweist sich beispielsweise die Verarbeitungstemperatur dieser Kunststoffe als besonders kritisch. Diese reagieren ausserdem ausserordentlich empfindlich auf Druckschwankungen und Scherkräfte. Insbesondere beeinflussen solche und weitere Parameter die Gleichmässigkeit , Homogenität der Schichtdicke und die Dichteverteilung innerhalb der hergestellten Vorformlinge. Besonders hohe Anforderun- gen werden an Werkzeuge gestellt, mit denen mehrschichtige Vorformlinge gespritzt werden können.Tools for the injection molding of multilayer moldings made of plastic materials and in particular PET-like materials have been known for a long time and are mainly used in the production of preforms, such as those required by the beverage industry for their so-called PET bottles in large quantities. Exceptionally high demands are placed on these tools, as special attention must be paid to the processing of PET, PEN and their copolymers, as well as nylon, whose material-specific characteristics. For example, the processing temperature of these plastics proves to be particularly critical. They are also extremely sensitive to pressure fluctuations and shear forces. In particular, such and other parameters influence the uniformity, homogeneity of the layer thickness and the density distribution within the preforms produced. Particularly high demands are placed on tools with which multilayer preforms can be injected.
Verfahren zur Herstellung von mehrschichtigen Vorformlin- gen, sind beispielsweise aus der US 4,609,516 bekannt. Die in dieser Druckschrift beschriebenen Vorformlinge weisen fünf Schichten auf, von denen mindestens eine Schicht aus einem Sperrschichtmaterial besteht, während die anderen Schichten aus in der Spritzgiesstechnik bekannten thermoplastischen Kunststoffen bestehen.Methods for producing multilayer preforms are known, for example, from US 4,609,516. The preforms described in this document have five layers, of which at least one layer consists of a barrier layer material, while the other layers consist of thermoplastic materials known in injection molding technology.
Sperrschichten werden in Vorformlingen verwendet, um die Gasdurchlässigkeit der aus diesen Vorformlingen geformten Behälter zu reduzieren. Im Vergleich zu den bekannten thermoplastischen Kunststoffen weisen Sperrschichtmateria- lien eine zwei- bis dreifach höhere Gasundurchlässigkeit auf; sie sind allerdings auch achtmal so teuer. Der vergleichsweise hohe Preis von Sperrschichtmaterialien macht es notwendig, dieselben sparsam einzusetzen, ohne dabei deren gewünschte Funktionen in unerwünschter Weise zu beeinträchtigen .Barrier layers are used in preforms to reduce the gas permeability of the containers formed from these preforms. Compared to the known thermoplastic materials, barrier layer materials have a gas impermeability two to three times higher; however, they are also eight times as expensive. The comparatively high price of barrier layer materials makes it necessary to use them sparingly without adversely affecting their desired functions.
In der US 4,609,516 wird daher vorgeschlagen, die in eine Spritzgiessform eingebrachten Materialien mittels Volumen- vorgäbe quantitativ zu limitieren. Auf diese Weise soll gewährleistet werden, dass lediglich die erforderliche Mindest enge an Sperrschichtmaterial zwischen die anderen Schichten eingebracht wird.No. 4,609,516 therefore proposes to limit the materials introduced into an injection mold quantitatively by means of volume specifications. This is to ensure that only the required minimum amount of barrier layer material is introduced between the other layers.
Bei all den bekannten Vorrichtungen erweist sich die ungenügende Überwachungsmöglichkeit über den Füllzustand einer einzelnen Formkavität als nachteilig. Insbesondere kann nicht festgestellt werden, wenn wegen eines Lecks zwischen der Spritzgiessdüse und der Formkavität, diese nur ungenü- gend gefüllt wird. Zudem ist die Bereitstellung vordefinierter Materialmengen aufwendig, da diese Vorformlinge überlicherweise in Chargen von beispielsweise 16, 48 oder 64 Einheiten hergestellt werden und somit für jede Spritz- giessform die gewünschte Materialmenge gesondert bereitge- stellt werden uss. Vereinzelt auftretende Verstopfungen, die zu ungleichmässigen Materialdichteverteilungen führen, bleiben beim aufgezeigten Verfahren unerkannt. Derartige Produktionsfehler werden erst erkannt, wenn beim Getränkehersteller aus den Vorformlingen die gewünschten Behälter geblasen werden und dabei reissen.In all of the known devices, the insufficient possibility of monitoring the filling status of an individual mold cavity proves to be disadvantageous. In particular, it cannot be determined if, due to a leak between the injection molding nozzle and the mold cavity, this is insufficiently filled. In addition, the provision of predefined amounts of material is complex, since these preforms are usually produced in batches of, for example, 16, 48 or 64 units, and the desired amount of material is therefore separately provided for each injection mold. Occasional blockages that lead to uneven material density distributions remain undetected in the method shown. Such production errors are only recognized if the desired containers are blown from the preforms at the beverage manufacturer and thereby tear.
Auf dem Gebiet der Spritzgiesstechnik sind Drucksensoren bekannt, mit welchen der Druck in den Kavitäten gemessen werden kann, um damit die Füllmenge bestimmen zu können. Ziel dabei ist die vollständige Überwachung jeder einzelnen Kavität auf Überspritzen, d.h. über Überfüllen, beziehungsweise auf ungenügende Füllung. Darüber hinaus entsteht bei dieser Anordnung am Spritzgiessteil ein Abdruck des Messfensters der Drucksensoren. Derartige Abdrücke sind bei der Herstellung von einfachen Kunststoffbehältern von untergeordneter Bedeutung - bei der Herstellung von Vorformlingen, wie sie in der Getränkeindustrie ihre Verwendung finden, jedoch nicht tolerierbar. Derartige Abdrücke bilden eine Störstelle, die beim Blasrecken dieser Vorformlinge zum Reissen führen kann. Darüberhinaus können bei der Herstellung von mehrschichtigen Vorformlingen direkte Druckmessun- gen an der Kavität nicht vorgenommen werden, da sich bei der Herstellung derartiger Vorformlinge die äusserste Schicht beim Abkühlen verfestigt und somit die Druckmessung für innere Schichten verfälscht oder gar unmöglich macht. Die bekannten Vorrichtungen zur Überwachung der Füllmenge sind somit entweder sehr aufwendig oder ungeeignet für das Spritzgiessen von Vorformlingen, die einem Blasreckverfahren unterzogen werden müssen.Pressure sensors are known in the field of injection molding technology, with which the pressure in the cavities can be measured in order to be able to determine the filling quantity. The aim here is to fully monitor each individual cavity for overspraying, ie overfilling, or for insufficient filling. In addition, at this arrangement on the injection molded part an impression of the measuring window of the pressure sensors. Such impressions are of minor importance in the manufacture of simple plastic containers - but are not tolerable in the manufacture of preforms as used in the beverage industry. Such imprints form a defect that can lead to tearing when these preforms are stretched. In addition, direct pressure measurements cannot be carried out on the cavity in the production of multilayer preforms, since in the production of such preforms the outermost layer solidifies on cooling and thus falsifies the pressure measurement for inner layers or even makes it impossible. The known devices for monitoring the filling quantity are therefore either very complex or unsuitable for the injection molding of preforms which have to be subjected to a blow stretching process.
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Spritzgiesswerkzeug zu schaffen, welches eine Überwachung der Füllung der einzelnen Kavitäten auf einfache Art und unter Vermeidung der aufgezeigten Nachteile ermöglicht.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing an injection molding tool which enables the filling of the individual cavities to be monitored in a simple manner and while avoiding the disadvantages indicated.
Insbesondere soll ein Werkzeug geschaffen werden, mit welchem die Füllmenge innerer Schichten eines mehrschichtigen Vorformlings genau und zuverlässig kontrolliert, überwacht und gesteuert werden kann.In particular, a tool is to be created with which the filling quantity of inner layers of a multi-layer preform can be checked, monitored and controlled precisely and reliably.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsge äss durch ein Werkzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, und insbesondere dadurch gelöst, dass der Druck des in die einzelnen Kavitäten geförderten Kunststoffs, insbesondere des im Innern der For lingswandung einzuführenden Sperrmaterials, im Düsenkanal gemessen wird. Wegen der Elastizität des geförderten Kunststoffs wird dieser Druck so nahe wie möglich an der Kavität gemessen. Damit kann der Fülldruck für jede einzelne Materialkomponente und unabhängig vom Erstarrungsprozess in der Spritzgiessform respektive Formkavität genau und zuverlässig gemessen werden. Darüberhinaus führen beispielsweise Leckagen oder Verstopfungen vor oder nach dem Drucksensor zu Druckschwankungen, aus denen eine fehlerhafte Füllung der Formkavitäten abgeleitet werden kann. Die erfindungs- gemässe Druckmessung eignet sich insbesondere auch für die Steuerung des Maschinenteils, beispielsweise um die Förde- rung der einzelnen Kunststoffschmelzen zu steuern.This object is achieved according to the invention by a tool having the features of claim 1, and in particular in that the pressure of the plastic conveyed into the individual cavities, in particular of the barrier material to be introduced into the interior of the wall, is measured in the nozzle channel. Because of the elasticity of the plastic being conveyed, this pressure is measured as close as possible to the cavity. This enables the filling pressure for each individual material component to be measured precisely and reliably, regardless of the solidification process in the injection mold or mold cavity. In addition, for example, leaks or blockages before or after the pressure sensor lead to pressure fluctuations from which an incorrect filling of the mold cavities can be derived. The pressure measurement according to the invention is also particularly suitable for controlling the machine part, for example in order to control the conveyance of the individual plastic melts.
Mit Blasrecken ist hier jede Art von Formen gemeint, bei der zur Herstellung von Behältern, insbesondere für die Verpackungεindustrie, Vorformlinge über einen Blasdorn oder durch eine angesetzte Düse aufgeblasen werden. Derartige Verfahren des Blasreckens sind bekannt und finden beim Spritzgussblasformen oder Streck-Blasformen eine besondere Anwendung. Das Streck-Blasformen zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass hierbei durch eine zweiachsige Verstrek- kung eine Festigkeitssteigerung des geformten Behälters erreich wird.Blown bars here mean any type of mold in which preforms are inflated via a blow mandrel or through an attached nozzle for the production of containers, in particular for the packaging industry. Such methods of blow stretching are known and are used in particular in injection molding blow molding or stretch blow molding. Stretch blow molding is characterized in particular by the fact that the strengthened shape of the container is increased by two-axis stretching.
Besondere Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Werkzeugs ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche.Special embodiments of the tool according to the invention result from the features of the subclaims.
Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand zweier Ausführungsbeispiele und mit Hilfe der Figuren näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail below with the aid of two exemplary embodiments and with the aid of the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 Querschnitt durch eine Spritzgiessdüse für dieFig. 1 cross section through an injection nozzle for the
Herstellung eines einfachen Vorformlings ;Manufacture of a simple preform;
Fig. 2 Querschnitt durch eine Spritzgiessdüse für die Herstellung von mehrschichtigen Vorformlingen;2 shows a cross section through an injection molding nozzle for the production of multilayer preforms;
Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Querschnitt zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus einem Spritzgiesswerkzeug 2 mit Spritzdüsen 1 für die Herstellung einfach gefüllter Vorformlinge. Diese Düse 1 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel mehrteilig aufgebaut und weist einen Düsenkopf 3 auf, welcher in einem Düsenkörper 4 befestigt ist. In einem Düseneinsatz 5 ist ein Düsenverschluss-Stift 7 geführt. Bei der gezeigten Düse 1 wird eine Kunststoffschmelze A aus einer Zufuhrleitung 9 in einen Düsenkanal 6 der Düse 1 gefördert. Dieser Düsenkanal 6 ist erfindungsge äss mit Mitteln zur Messung des Drucks, und insbesondere mit einem Drucksensor ausgerüstet. Dieser Drucksensor kann im Düsenkörper 4, direkt hinter einem Messfenster 18, angeordnet sein oder, wegen der hohen Werkzeugtemperatur, mit Hilfe eines Mittels zur Übertragung des beim Spritzgiessen im Düsenkanal 6 auftretenden Drucks, ausserhalb des Düsenkörpers 4 befestigt sein. Dieses Mittel kann eine mechanische oder hydraulische Einrichtung sein. Es versteht sich, dass die geometrische Anordnung einer oder mehrerer Zuleitungen 16 zum Drucksensor dem geometrischen Aufbau der Düse entsprechend angepasst ist. Diese Zuleitungen 16 verbinden, in der bevorzugten Ausführungs- form, den direkt hinter dem Messfenster 18 angeordneten Drucksensor mit einer elektronischen Schaltung (nicht dargestellt) zur Überwachung und/oder Steuerung des Füllvorgangs. In einer anderen Ausführungsform dienen diese Zuleitungen 16 den Mitteln zur Übertragung des beim Spritz- giessen im Düsenkanal 6 auftretenden Drucks. Diese Zuleitungen 16 liegen in einer Bohrung 10, welche, je nach geometrischem Aufbau der Düse 1, im wesentlichen parallel oder quer zur Förderrichtung der Düse 1 respektive zur Düsenachse liegt. Der Fachmann wird versuchen, das Messfen- ster 18 so nahe wie möglich an der Düsenεpitze anzuordnen, und die Zuleitungen 16 an einem oder mehreren Heizelementen 17 vorbeizuführen.The cross section shown in FIG. 1 shows a section of an injection mold 2 with spray nozzles 1 for the production of simply filled preforms. In the present exemplary embodiment, this nozzle 1 is constructed in several parts and has a nozzle head 3 which is fastened in a nozzle body 4. A nozzle closure pin 7 is guided in a nozzle insert 5. In the nozzle 1 shown, a plastic melt A is conveyed from a feed line 9 into a nozzle channel 6 of the nozzle 1. This nozzle channel 6 is according to the invention equipped with means for measuring the pressure, and in particular with a pressure sensor. This pressure sensor can be arranged in the nozzle body 4, directly behind a measuring window 18, or, because of the high mold temperature, can be fastened outside the nozzle body 4 with the aid of a means for transmitting the pressure that occurs in the nozzle channel 6 during injection molding. This means can be a mechanical or hydraulic device. It goes without saying that the geometric arrangement of one or more supply lines 16 to the pressure sensor is adapted to the geometric structure of the nozzle. In the preferred embodiment, these feed lines 16 connect the pressure sensor arranged directly behind the measuring window 18 to an electronic circuit (not shown) for monitoring and / or controlling the filling process. In another embodiment, these feed lines 16 serve to transmit the pressure that occurs in the injection channel in the nozzle channel 6. These feed lines 16 lie in a bore 10 which, depending on the geometric structure of the nozzle 1, is essentially parallel or transverse to the conveying direction of the Nozzle 1 or to the nozzle axis. The person skilled in the art will attempt to arrange the measuring window 18 as close as possible to the tip of the nozzle and to guide the feed lines 16 past one or more heating elements 17.
Der in Figur 2 dargestellte Querschnitt zeigt eine Spritz- giessdüse 1 eines für die Herstellung von mehrschichtigen Vorformlingen geeigneten Werkzeugs 2. Diese Düse 1 ist mehrteilig aufgebaut und umfasst im wesentlichen einen Düsenkopf 3 der in einem Düsenkörper 4 befestigt ist. Im Innern der Düse 1 ist ein Düseneinsatz 5 angeordnet, in dessen Inneren ein erster Düsenkanal 6 und ein Düsenverschluss-Stift 7 liegen. Der Düseneinsatz 5 ist derart dimensioniert, dass zwischen diesem und dem Dusenkopf 3 ein zweiter, ringförmiger Düsenkanal 8 entsteht. Diese Düse 1 ist im Werkzeug 2 derart angeordnet, dass ihr erster Düsenkanal 6 mit einer ersten Zufuhrleitung 9 und ihr zweiter Düsenkanal 8 mit einer zweiten Zufuhrleitung 11 kommuni- ziert. Beim Betrieb des Werkzeugs wird von der zweiten Zufuhrleitung 11 und durch den zweiten Düsenkanal 8 ein erstes Kunststoffmaterial A, insbesondere PET, in eine Formkavität 12 (nicht näher dargestellt) gefördert. In einer zweiten Füllphase wird ein zweites Kunststoffmaterial B, vorzugsweise ein Sperrmaterial aus Nylon oder ähnlichem, von der ersten Zufuhrleitung 9 durch den ersten Düsenkanal 6 in die Formkavität 12 gefördert. Damit kann das Sperrmaterial B ins Innere des sich in der Formkavität 12 bildenden dreischichtigen Vorformlings eingebracht werden. Erfindungsgemäss weist die Düse 1 einen im Düsenkörper 4 angeordneten Drucksensor 13 auf. Dieser Drucksensor 13 umfasst einen Sensorkopf 14, der in einem druckfesten Gehauseteil 15 im Düsenkörper 4 befestigt ist und über eine Zuleitung 16 mit einer Auswertevorrichtung (nicht gezeigt) , insbesondere mit einer elektronischen Schaltung zur Überwachung und/oder Steuerung des Füllvorgangs , verbunden ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann mit diesem Sensor ein Druck im Bereich von 0 bis 2000 bar, insbesondere im Bereich von 300 bis 400 bar, gemessen werden und ist der Drucksensor 13 geeignet, Temperaturen, mindestens kurzfristig, von bis zu 400°C schadlos auszuhalten. Derartige Drucksensoren sind dem Fachmann auf dem Gebiet der Sensortechnik hinlänglich bekannt. Mit der in Figur 2 gezeigten Anordnung lässt sich der Druck des Materials B in fliess- fähigem Zustand (Schmelze) und in unmittelbarer Nähe derThe cross section shown in FIG. 2 shows an injection molding nozzle 1 of a tool 2 suitable for the production of multilayer preforms. This nozzle 1 is constructed in several parts and essentially comprises one Nozzle head 3 which is fastened in a nozzle body 4. A nozzle insert 5 is arranged in the interior of the nozzle 1, in the interior of which a first nozzle channel 6 and a nozzle closure pin 7 are located. The nozzle insert 5 is dimensioned such that a second, ring-shaped nozzle channel 8 is formed between it and the nozzle head 3. This nozzle 1 is arranged in the tool 2 such that its first nozzle channel 6 communicates with a first supply line 9 and its second nozzle channel 8 communicates with a second supply line 11. During operation of the tool, a first plastic material A, in particular PET, is conveyed into a mold cavity 12 (not shown in more detail) from the second feed line 11 and through the second nozzle channel 8. In a second filling phase, a second plastic material B, preferably a barrier material made of nylon or the like, is conveyed from the first feed line 9 through the first nozzle channel 6 into the mold cavity 12. The blocking material B can thus be introduced into the interior of the three-layer preform that is formed in the mold cavity 12. According to the invention, the nozzle 1 has a pressure sensor 13 arranged in the nozzle body 4. This pressure sensor 13 comprises a sensor head 14, which is fastened in a pressure-resistant housing part 15 in the nozzle body 4 and is connected via a feed line 16 to an evaluation device (not shown), in particular an electronic circuit for monitoring and / or controlling the filling process. In a preferred embodiment, a pressure in the range from 0 to 2000 bar, in particular in the range from 300 to 400 bar, can be measured with this sensor and the pressure sensor 13 is suitable for withstanding temperatures, at least briefly, of up to 400 ° C. without damage. Such pressure sensors are well known to the person skilled in the field of sensor technology. With the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the pressure of the material B in the flowable state (melt) and in the immediate vicinity of the
Formkavität 12 messen. Je nach Platzverhältnissen innerhalb der Düse 1 und Grosse der verwendeten Drucksensoren wird der Fachmann die Bohrungen 10 im wesentlichen parallel oder quer zur Förderrichtung der Düse anordnen.Measure mold cavity 12. Depending on the space available within the nozzle 1 and the size of the pressure sensors used the person skilled in the art should arrange the bores 10 essentially parallel or transversely to the conveying direction of the nozzle.
Es versteht sich, dass die gezeigte Düse auch so betrieben werden kann, dass das erste Kunststoffmaterial durch den ersten Düsenkanal 6 und das zweite Kunststoffmaterial durch den zweiten Düsenkanal 8 gefördert wird. Mit dieser Betriebsweise kann der Druck des ersten Kunststoffmaterials im ersten Düsenkanal 6 gemessen werden. Der Fachmann weiss, dass eine derartige Düse auch zur Herstellung von fünf- oder mehrschichtigen Vorformlingen verwendet werden kann. Es liegt darüberhinaus im Bereich des fachmännischen Könnens, Spritzgiessdüsen für mehrere, verschiedene Kunststoffmaterialien mit mehreren Düsenkanälen zu konstruieren, und diese mit geeigneten Drucksensoren auszurüsten.It goes without saying that the nozzle shown can also be operated such that the first plastic material is conveyed through the first nozzle channel 6 and the second plastic material through the second nozzle channel 8. With this mode of operation, the pressure of the first plastic material in the first nozzle channel 6 can be measured. The person skilled in the art knows that such a nozzle can also be used for the production of five- or multi-layer preforms. It is also in the area of professional skill to design injection molding nozzles for several, different plastic materials with several nozzle channels and to equip them with suitable pressure sensors.
Hinlänglich bekannte, mehrschichtige Vorformlinge weisen fünf Schichten auf. Deren äusserste Schicht besteht aus teuerem, neuem und damit hygienischem Kunststoffmaterial, beispielsweise PET . Die inneren Schichten bestehen aus gasdichtem Sperrmaterial, zum Beispiel Nylon, und/oder aus rezykliertem Kunststoffmaterial. Dabei können entweder mehrere Sperrschichten oder mehrere Zwischenschichten aus rezykliertem Material vorgesehen werden. In jedem Fall kann mit den erfindungsgemässen Mitteln zur Messung des beimWell-known, multi-layer preforms have five layers. The outermost layer consists of expensive, new and therefore hygienic plastic material, for example PET. The inner layers consist of gas-tight barrier material, for example nylon, and / or of recycled plastic material. Either several barrier layers or several intermediate layers made of recycled material can be provided. In any case, the means according to the invention for measuring the at
Spritzgiessen im Düsenkanal auftretenden Drucks die Zufuhr und Füllung der einzelnen For kavitäten überwacht werden.Injection molding in the nozzle channel of the pressure occurring, the supply and filling of the individual cavities are monitored.
Bei dem heute üblichen gleichzeitigen Füllen mehrerer Formkavitäten 12 werden die Werte für den Förderdruck, den Fülldruck und den Haltedruck vorgegeben. Abweichungen vom vorgegebenen Druckverlauf eines Spritzgiesszyklus lassen auf eine fehlerhafte Füllung der Formkavität 12 schliessen. Mit den erfindungsge äss ausgerüsteten Werkzeugen 2 lassen sich fehlerhafte Vorformlinge identifizieren und können als AusschuΞs aus der Charge entfernt werden. Mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemässen Druckmessung im Düsenkanal kann erst- malig auf einfache und v/irtεchaftliche Weise eine exakte Dosierung, sowie eine Qualitätsüberwachung durchgeführt werden.With the simultaneous filling of several mold cavities 12, which is customary today, the values for the delivery pressure, the filling pressure and the holding pressure are specified. Deviations from the specified pressure profile of an injection molding cycle suggest that the mold cavity 12 has been filled incorrectly. Defective preforms can be identified with the tools 2 according to the invention and can be removed from the batch as rejects. With the help of the pressure measurement according to the invention in the nozzle channel, Sometimes an exact dosage and a quality control can be carried out in a simple and economical manner.
Konstruktive Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemässen Spritz- giesswerkzeugε liegen im Bereich des fachmännischen Könnens. Insbesondere wird der Fachmann möglichst kleine Drucksensoren verwenden, um die mechanische Stabilität der Düsen nicht zu beeinträchtigen. Constructive developments of the injection molding tool according to the invention are within the range of the skilled person. In particular, the person skilled in the art will use the smallest possible pressure sensors so as not to impair the mechanical stability of the nozzles.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Spritzgiesswerkzeug zum Spritzgiessen von Kunststoff- formlingen, insbesondere von zum Blasrecken geeigne- ten Vorformlingen, welches Spritzgiesswerkzeug mehrere Düsen (1) mit mindestens jeweils einem Düsenkanal (6, 8) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Überwachung des Füllvorgangs jede Düse (1) Mittel zur Messung des beim Spritzgiessen im Düsenkanal (6, 8) auftretenden1. Injection molding tool for the injection molding of plastic moldings, in particular preforms suitable for blow stretching, which injection molding tool has a plurality of nozzles (1) each with at least one nozzle channel (6, 8), characterized in that each nozzle (1 ) Means for measuring what occurs in the nozzle channel (6, 8) during injection molding
Drucks aufweist.Has pressure.
2. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Düsenkanal (6, 8) jeder Düse (1) mindestens ein über eine Bohrung (10) zugängliches Messfenster (18) für die Mittel zur Messung des beim Spritzgiessen auftretenden Drucks aufweist.2. Injection molding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one nozzle channel (6, 8) of each nozzle (1) has at least one measuring window (18) accessible via a bore (10) for the means for measuring the pressure occurring during injection molding.
3. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Messung des beim Spritzgiessen auftretenden auftretenden Drucks einen elektronischen Drucksensor (13) umfassen.3. Injection molding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for measuring the pressure occurring during injection molding comprise an electronic pressure sensor (13).
4. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bohrung (10) im wesentlichen parallel zur Förderrichtung der Düse (1) verläuft.4. Injection molding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the bore (10) extends substantially parallel to the conveying direction of the nozzle (1).
5. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Bohrung (10) im wesentlichen quer zur Förderrichtung der Düse (1) verläuft.5. Injection molding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the bore (10) extends essentially transversely to the conveying direction of the nozzle (1).
6. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drucksensor (13) im Düsenkörper (4) befestigt ist. 6. Injection molding tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressure sensor (13) in the nozzle body (4) is attached.
7. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drucksensor (13) unmittelbar hinter dem Messfenster (18) des Düsenkanals (6, 8) befestigt ist.7. Injection molding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure sensor (13) is fastened directly behind the measuring window (18) of the nozzle channel (6, 8).
8. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drucksensor (13) ausserhalb des Düsenkörpers (4) befestigt ist und Mittel zur Übertragung des beim Spritzgiessen im Düsenkanal (6, 8) auftretenden Drucks auf den Druck- εenεor (13) vorgesehen sind.8. Injection molding tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressure sensor (13) is fastened outside the nozzle body (4) and means for transmitting the pressure which occurs during injection molding in the nozzle channel (6, 8) to the pressure sensor ( 13) are provided.
9. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drucksensor (13) jeder Düse mit einer elektronischen Schaltung zur9. Injection molding tool according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pressure sensor (13) of each nozzle with an electronic circuit for
Überwachung des Füllvorgangs verbunden ist.Monitoring the filling process is connected.
10. Spritzgiesswerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Drucksensor (13) mit einer elektronischen Schaltung zur Steuerung des10. Injection mold according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pressure sensor (13) with an electronic circuit for controlling the
Füllvorgangs verbunden iεt. Filling process is connected.
PCT/CH1999/000206 1998-05-15 1999-05-14 Injection moulding tool WO1999059795A1 (en)

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CA002331576A CA2331576A1 (en) 1998-05-15 1999-05-14 Injection moulding tool

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CH108298 1998-05-15

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US6632079B1 (en) 1998-04-21 2003-10-14 Synventive Molding Solutions, Inc. Dynamic feed control system
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US6683283B2 (en) 2002-05-10 2004-01-27 Dynisco Hot Runners Inc. Canada Apparatus and method for heating injection molding fluid
US7182893B2 (en) 2002-10-11 2007-02-27 Mold-Masters Limited Valve gated nozzle having a valve pin with a sensor
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