WO1999035025A1 - Patin de chenille - Google Patents

Patin de chenille Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999035025A1
WO1999035025A1 PCT/GB1999/000015 GB9900015W WO9935025A1 WO 1999035025 A1 WO1999035025 A1 WO 1999035025A1 GB 9900015 W GB9900015 W GB 9900015W WO 9935025 A1 WO9935025 A1 WO 9935025A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
track link
link according
range
guidance
track
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/000015
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Barlow
Andrew John Linley
Original Assignee
Gkn Sankey Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9800101.9A external-priority patent/GB9800101D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9825596.1A external-priority patent/GB9825596D0/en
Application filed by Gkn Sankey Limited filed Critical Gkn Sankey Limited
Publication of WO1999035025A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999035025A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
    • B62D55/08—Endless track units; Parts thereof
    • B62D55/18—Tracks
    • B62D55/20—Tracks of articulated type, e.g. chains

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a track link for an endless track assembly for track laying vehicles.
  • a track assembly comprises a plurality of ti'ack links articulated together.
  • Each track link comprises a body part for engagement with the ground and a guidance hom for engagement with a guide part of the vehicle.
  • track assemblies have been assembled from track links each of which comprises a ferrous forging or casting.
  • Track assemblies made from light metal, such as aluminium alloy are known to be highly desirable in order to reduce weight in critical dynamic areas. Accordingly, hitherto a light alloy track link body part has been produced as a forging and has incoiporated a hardened steel guidance hom made as a separate component of the track assembly.
  • Such a track assembly is expensive to assemble and because the track horn is made of steel it contributes a considerable part of the weight of the ti'ack assembly.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide track link whereby the above mentioned disadvantages are overcome or are reduced.
  • a track link comprising a body part and a guidance horn wherein the body part and the guidance horn are integral with each other and are made of light alloy and at least one of the body part and the guidance horn have embedded in the light alloy thereof a discrete ceramic material,
  • the discrete ceramic material may be embedded in the light alloy of the body.
  • the discrete ceramic material may be embedded in the light alloy of the guidance hom.
  • the discrete ceramic material may be embedded in the light alloy of the body part and in the light alloy of the guidance hom.
  • the discrete ceramic material may comprise fibres.
  • the discrete ceramic material may comprise particles.
  • the discrete ceramic material may comprise fibres and particles.
  • the fibres may have a diameter lying in the range 1-5 ⁇ m and/or a length lying in the range 50- 300 ⁇ m.
  • the volume fraction of the fibres may lie in the range 8-40% and preferably 10% to 20%.
  • the particles may have a diameter lying in the range 5-50 ⁇ m and preferably 20-25 ⁇ m and the volume fraction of the particles may lie in the range 8-20% and preferably in the range 12 to 18%.
  • the fibres may have a diameter lying in the range 1 -5 ⁇ m and/or a length lying in the range 50-300 ⁇ m.
  • the particles may have a diameter lying in the range 5- 50 ⁇ m and preferably 20-25 ⁇ m.
  • the volume fraction of the fibres may lie in the range 8-20% and preferably in the range 17-18%.
  • the volume fraction of the particles may lie in the range 8-20% and preferably in the range 12-18%.
  • the ceramic fibres may comprise alumina and/or alumino-silicate.
  • the ceramic particles may comprise alumina and'or silicon carbide, and/or silicon nitride.
  • the guidance horn may also comprise a foraminous element embedded in the light alloy thereof.
  • a part of the foraminous element may extend into the body part adjacent the guidance hom.
  • the foraminous element may have a aperture size of 0.2 - 1.0 mm.
  • the foraminous element may comprise a wire mesh element.
  • the wire diameter may be 0.05 - 2.0 mm.
  • the wire mesh element may be continuous.
  • the wire mesh element may comprise single or multiple strand elements.
  • the wire of the wire mesh element may comprise alloy steel, stainless steel or titanium or the like.
  • the wire mesh element may be of any suitable desired construction, for example, it may comprise a wire cloth of interwoven orthogonal waip and weft elements or a knitted structure which may comprise interlocking asymmetrical loops of wire elements which can move relative to each other and provide biaxial stretch and flexibility or two sets of crossing wire elements, each set lying in a common plane and the elements of the sets being joined where they intersect by suitable means such as by welding.
  • the aperture size is the distance between two adjacent orthogonal elements, measured in a projected plane.
  • the wire diameter may be the diameter before weaving.
  • the wire mesh may comprise more than one adjacent waip element on the same side of a weft element.
  • the wire mesh may be a twilled weave or any other suitable weave.
  • the guidance horn has a plurality of projecting elements
  • Each projecting element may comprise a stud.
  • Each projecting element may comprise a relatively hard component such as a wear resistant steel, for example a stainless stel
  • a method of making a track link comprising a body part and a guidance hom comprising the steps of disposing a discrete ceramic material in a part of a mould cavity which defines the guidance horn, introducing molten light alloy into the mould cavity to embed ceramic material therein and then performing a squeezecasting operation on the mould contents.
  • the ceramic material may be as described above in relation to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the method may include the step of disposing a foraminous element in said part of the mould cavity so that the foraminous element is embedded in said light alloy.
  • a squeeze casting operation is one wherein, whilst still molten, the light metal alloy is subjected to conditions of sustained temperature and pressure.
  • the melt is solidified under conditions of sustained temperature and pressure such that the growth rate R of the solid phase during solidification is from 1,000 to 2,500 ⁇ /s and the temperature gradient G at the solid/liquid interface, expressed in °C/cm is such that the ratio G/R is from 100 to 1 , 1000 °Cs/cm 2 .
  • the guidance horn may comprise the same light alloy as the body part of the track link but is able to withstand a combination of severe abrasion and impacts which it is likely to prevail in use. This is because of the abrasion and impact resistance provided by the ceramic material.
  • the guidance horn also comprise a foraminous element
  • anchorage and support are provided for the ceramic material by the foraminous element, whereby the foraminous element acts in a similar manner to steel wire reinforcement in concrete i.e. the steel provides a tough skeletal frame within which is enti'ained the ceramic material.
  • the foraminous element absorbs bending forces imparted upon the track horn and restricts crack propagation thus enhancing the durability of the track body.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a track link embodying the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is an underneath perspective view of the track link of Figure
  • FIGURE 3 is a plan view of the track link of Figure 1
  • FIGURE 4 is a section on the line 4, 4 of Figure 3
  • FIGURE 4a is an enlarged fragmentary view of part of Figure 4
  • FIGURE 5 is a section on the line 5,5 of Figure 3
  • FIGURE 5a is an enlarged fragmentary view of Figure 5
  • FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of a wire mesh reinforcement for use in the ti'ack link of Figure 1
  • FIGURE 7 is a plan view of another track link embodying the invention
  • FIGURE 8 is a section on the line 8
  • FIGURE 9 is a section on the line 9,9 of Figure 7
  • FIGURE 10 is an underneath plan view of the track link of Figure 7, 2
  • 1 1 is a section on the line 1 1
  • FIGURE 12 is a section similar to that of Figure 8 but of another embodiment.
  • a track link 10 comprises a body part 1 1 and a guidance horn 12 integral therewith.
  • the shape of the body part 1 1 and of the guidance hom 12 are essentially conventional and do not require further discussion herein.
  • links 10 comprise, in conventional manner, an endless track assembly.
  • Two such endless track assemblies are each provided on opposite sides of a track laying vehicle. Each such assembly is entrained around a pair of sprockets provided at the respective side of the vehicle and at longitudinally spaced positions of the vehicle. At least one of each pair of sprockets is driven. As a result the track laying vehicle may be moved and manoeuvred in conventional manner by the endless track assemblies.
  • the guidance horn 12 is adapted to engage, in conventional manner, in a groove of a track guide part of the vehicle to which the track is fitted.
  • the guidance horn 12 is of hollow, generally pyramidal construction as best shown in Figures 4 to 5a.
  • the guidance hom has lateral sides 13 of similar configuration. Each side 13 comprises an external lower upwardly and inwardly inclined surface part 14 and an upper, more steeply, inclined surface part 15 which join along a line 16.
  • the guidance horn also has similar leading and trailing sides 13a, each comprising an external face 17 which is also inclined upwardly and inwardly but in this case, as best shown in Figure 5a.
  • the side faces 17 are planar.
  • the pyramidal hollow guidance horn is of essentially similar configuration having lateral opposed internal side faces 18, each comprising a lower part 19 of similar inclination to the external face 14 but arranged so as to increase in thickness towards the bottom of the guidance horn.
  • the upper part 20, which joins the lower part 19 on a line 21 is substantially parallel to the external upper part 15.
  • the guidance horn also has internal leading and trailing side faces 22 which are substantially parallel to the faces 17 but are slightly inclined thereto so as to increase in thickness towards the lower end of the guidance ho .
  • the body part 1 1 and guidance hom 12 are made of a suitable light alloy, in the present example an Al Zn 6 g Cu type alloy as hereinafter described in more detail.
  • a foraminous element Embedded within the aluminium alloy of the sides of the guidance hom 12 is a foraminous element.
  • it comprises a continuous wire mesh element indicated generally at 23 and, as best show n in Figure 6 has lateral side walls 24 of a configuration to follow a median line between the internal and external faces 18, 19 and 14, 15 whilst the element has leading and trailing side walls 25 which follow a substantial median line between the leading and trailing internal and external faces 22, 17.
  • the wire mesh element 23 has a flange 26 around its lower end which, as best shown in Figures 1 and 3, is embedded in the material of the body part 1 1.
  • the wire mesh comprises a woven configuration of orthogonal waip and weft elements 27, 28, the warp elements extending length wise of the guidance ho 12.
  • the elements 27, 28 are of single strand configuration but they may, if desired, be of multiple strand configuration, suitably wound as desired.
  • the wire mesh element 27, 28 comprise stainless steel but they may comprise other alloy steel or titanium or like material.
  • a discrete ceramic material which comprises fibres or particles or a mixture thereof of suitable ceramic material such as alumina or silicon carbide or the like.
  • the particles may have a particle/fibre size of 3 ⁇ m diameter and the fibre may be 100 ⁇ m long and may lie in the range 1 -5 ⁇ m diameter and/or 50 - 300 ⁇ m long.
  • the volume fraction of the particles but may lie in the range 8 - 40%.
  • the wire mesh provides an anchorage and support for the ceramic material as explained above.
  • the wire mesh element may be of any suitable desired construction, for example, it may comprise a wire cloth of interwoven orthogonal warp and weft elements or a knitted structure which may comprise interlocking asymmetrical loops of wire elements which can move relative to each other and provide biaxial stretch and flexibility or two sets of crossing wire elements, each set lying in a common plane and the elements of the sets being joined where they intersect by suitable means such as by welding.
  • the track link is manufactured using a direct squeeze casting process of known type which, in brief, comprises the introduction of molten metal into a first part of a mould, closing the mould under pressure so that the liquid metal fills the mould cavity without entrapping air, maintaining the metal under pressure whilst solidification thereof takes place to ensure that any shrinkage cavities are closed and filled, and then opening the mould and removing the cast article.
  • the squeeze forming process is thus different from gravity, low pressure or high pressure casting in the solidification of the melt takes place under conditions of sustained temperature and pressure.
  • the pressure applied to the molten metal is typically of the order of 45Mpa to l OOMpa and is typically sustained for a period of time of the order of 15 to 90 seconds.
  • the temperature of the molten metal is typically between 700°C and 770°C whereas at the end of the sustained pressure the temperature is typically between 250°C and 400°C.
  • the solidification parameters of the squeeze casting process are different to those obtaining in other known casting processes and hence, in accordance with the method of the invention, the desired microstructure can be obtained at a solidification growth rate R of the solid phase from 1 ,000 to 2,500 ⁇ /s and the temperature gradient G at the solid/liquid interface, expressed in °C/cm, was such that the ratio G/R was from 100 to l ,000°Cs/cm 2 .
  • the squeeze casting mould is made to the desired shape of the track link.
  • the wire mesh assembly 23 is entrained within the ceramic material so as to cause the ceramic material to enter the interstices between the inter-woven elements of the mesh and thus be held thereby.
  • the wire mesh and ceramic assembly is then pre-heated and then placed into the mould cavity followed immediately by the introduction by the desired liquid aluminium alloy. Thereafter a conventional direct squeeze casting process as described above is performed.
  • composition may lie in the range
  • the aluminium alloy used had a composition of.
  • the ceramic material in the present example had a volume fraction of 12%.
  • the fibres had a size of 3 ⁇ m diameter and 100 ⁇ m long.
  • the wire mesh had an aperture size of 0.5 mm and was made of wire of 0.25 mm diameter.
  • the amount of material contained in the guidance horn comprised 12% ceramic fibre as a preform sandwich, within which at approximately mid section of the preform was entrained a stainless steel mesh comprising 0.25 mm diameter wires spaced 0.5 mm apart.
  • the track link has the appearance illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 and 5 and is made in the same w ay as described in connection with the first embodiment except that the guidance horn does not have a foraminous element embedded therein.
  • the discrete ceramic material is made as a pre-form, conveniently as a sintered coherent mass of discrete ceramic material whereby the sintered mass thereof will have properties of good wear resistance and good thermal conductivity.
  • the article of the invention is preferably produced by the casting technique known as squeeze casting such as is described above.
  • a rigid porous ceramic pre-form or preform is or are placed in a first part of a mould cavity and molten aluminium alloy introduced therein.
  • the molten alloy will infiltrate the pore structure of the pre-form of the receptacle during the casting technique and the pre-form of the receptacle will become mechanically bonded or keyed to the alloy matrix.
  • the pre-form may have a porosity within the range 25% to 45% voids by volume (vol. %).
  • the aluminium alloy comprises about 35 vol. % of the receptacle and the ceramic preform 65 vol. %.
  • the preform may have a pore size lying in the range 0.02mm to 2.0mm and preferably substantially 0.02mm
  • each pre-form is mechanically bonded to the alloy matrix of the body part or guidance horn, there is no risk of loosening or of movement thereof relative to the remainder of the article.
  • the guidance horn has embedded within the light alloy of the side walls 13, 13a thereof a discrete ceramic material which comprises ceramic fibres of alumina but if desired they may be made of alumino-silicate or a mixture of alumina and alimino-silicate or other suitable material or materials.
  • the fibres may have a diameter or diameters which lie in the range 1 -5 ⁇ m and a length or lengths which lie within the range 50-300 ⁇ m.
  • the volume fraction of the ceramic fibres lies in the range 8-40%.
  • the ceramic fibres improve the stiffness and wear resistance of the guidance hom and in the conditions of service a foraminous element had not been found necessary.
  • a track link is essentially configured and made as described hereinbefore in connection with the second embodiment with reference to Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 5.
  • the guidance hom is not provided with a foraminous element but the light alloy of the side walls 13, 13a of the guidance horn have embedded therein ceramic material made as described above in connection with the second embodiment.
  • the ceramic material in the present example comprises ceramic particles.
  • the particles in the present example are alumina but may comprise silicon carbide or silicon nitride or may be a mixture comprising two or more of alumina, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride or other suitable material or materials.
  • the particles have a diameter lying in the range 5-50 ⁇ m and preferably in the range 20-25 ⁇ m.
  • the volume fraction of the particles lies in the range 8- 20% and preferably in the range 12- 18%.
  • a track link is essentially configured and made as described hereinbefore in connection with the second embodiment with reference to Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 5.
  • the guidance horn is not provided ith a foraminous element but the light alloy of the side walls 13, 13a thereof have embedded therein ceramic material made as described as above in connection with the second embodiment.
  • the ceramic material in the present example comprises a mixture of ceramic fibres and ceramic particles.
  • the ceramic fibres, in the present example are alumino- silicate but may comprise alumina or may be a mixture of alumina and alumino-silicate or other suitable material or materials.
  • the ceramic particles in the present example are alumina but may comprise silicon carbide or silicon nitride or may be a mixture comprising two or more of alumina, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride or other suitable material or materials.
  • the fibres have a diameter or diameters which lie in the range 1-5 ⁇ m and/or a length or lengths which lies in the range 50-300 ⁇ m.
  • the particles have a diameter lying in the range 5-50 ⁇ m and preferably 20-25 ⁇ m.
  • the volume fraction of the fibres lie in the range 8-20% and preferably in the range 12-18% and the volume fraction of the particles lies in the range 8- 20% and preferably in the range 12- 18%.
  • the presence of the mixture of ceramic fibres (in the above example alumino-silicate in the volume fraction 12%) and ceramic particles (alumina in the volume fraction of 15%) substantially improves the wear resistance and the stiffness and the fatigue resistance of the light alloy and renders, in the intended use of the track link the provision of a foraminous element unnecessary.
  • the first embodiment is described as being provided with a foraminous element.
  • a foraminous element may be provided in the track links of the second to fourth embodiments and the respective ceramic material provided is as described in connection with the first embodiment.
  • the body part may be provided, at least in localised areas, w ith discrete ceramic material which may comprise any desired combination of particles, fibres, particles and fibres, as desired hereinbefore.
  • a fifth embodiment, showing one example of such an arrangement, is illustrated with reference to Figures 7- 1 1 and the same reference numerals have been used to refer to corresponding parts as were used in the Figures 1 -6.
  • the track link is made of the same materials and in the same way i.e. by squeeze forming as described connections with previous embodiments.
  • the body part 1 1 is provided with localised areas 51 in which discrete ceramic material is embedded in the light alloy of the remainder of the body part.
  • the localised areas 51 may be provided with discrete ceramic material which may comprise any desired combination of particles, fibres, particles and fibres as described hereinbefore.
  • the body part 10 has further localised areas 52 comprising discreet ceramic material which again may comprise any desired combination of particles, fibres, particles and fibres and may be of the same composition as the areas 51 or of different composition.
  • the guidance hom comprises an inner part 53 of light alloy material integral with the body part 1 1 and an outer part 54 which is made as a pre form of discrete ceramic material which may comprise any desired combination of particles, fibres, particles and fibres as described herein before.
  • the localised areas 51. 52 and the insert 54 are not provided with any foraminous element then the discrete ceramic particles are made as a pre-form as described above in connection with the second embodiment and the pre-forms are positioned in the squeeze forming mould so that when molten metal is introduced into the mould and the mould is closed under pressure as explained herein before the light alloy penetrates the pre forms and hence the ceramic material and entraps it in the light alloy material.
  • pre-forms may be pre heated in a conventional manner.
  • the pre-forms referred to in Figures 7- 1 1 at 52 and 54 may be combined into a single pre form.
  • a track link is essentially configured as described hereinbefore in connection with any of the previous embodiments but Figure 12 refers by w ay of example to the fifth embodiment and is made from a similar light alloy material by a similar squeeze casting operation.
  • the body part and/or the guidance horn may be provided with a discrete ceramic material as described hereinbefore in connection with the previous embodiments and thus may be provided or unprovided with a foraminous element as described in connection with the first to fifth embodiments.
  • the guidance horn is provided with a plurality of projecting elements each of which comprises a stud 60 which is attached by being cast into the guidance horn or by other suitable means and each of which is made of a relatively hard material such as a suitable steel, such as a stainless steel, having a high wear resistance.
  • the struts 60 are welded to a mild wire 61 so as to provide a pre-form which is positioned in the mould for embedding in the material of the relevant part of the track link.
  • a track link resulting from this invention provides a wear resistant yet tough assembly for tracked vehicles as well as being relatively economical to manufacture and being of light weight.
  • compositions are expressed as percentage by weight unless otherwise stated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un patin de chenille constitué d'une partie corps (11) et d'un ergot de guidage (11). Cette partie corps (12) et cet ergot de guidage (11) sont intégrés l'un à l'autre et fabriqués dans un alliage léger, une substance céramique distincte étant enrobée dans l'alliage léger d'au moins un d'entre eux.
PCT/GB1999/000015 1998-01-06 1999-01-05 Patin de chenille WO1999035025A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9800101.9 1998-01-06
GBGB9800101.9A GB9800101D0 (en) 1998-01-06 1998-01-06 Link for an endless track
GB9825596.1 1998-11-24
GBGB9825596.1A GB9825596D0 (en) 1998-11-24 1998-11-24 Track link for endless track

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999035025A1 true WO1999035025A1 (fr) 1999-07-15

Family

ID=26312881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1999/000015 WO1999035025A1 (fr) 1998-01-06 1999-01-05 Patin de chenille

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1999035025A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011003122A1 (fr) * 2009-07-09 2011-01-13 Sandvik Mining And Construction G.M.B.H. Train de roulement à chenilles pour machines d'exploitation minière ainsi que maillon de chenille pour un train de roulement à chenilles et son procédé de fabrication
US20190351958A1 (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-21 Caterpillar Inc. Multi-material track pad for a continuous track assembly
CN117002640A (zh) * 2023-10-07 2023-11-07 泉州重达机械有限公司 一种工程机械的支重轮及履带装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994018053A1 (fr) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-18 Intertractor Aktiengesellschaft Maillon pour chenilles

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994018053A1 (fr) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-18 Intertractor Aktiengesellschaft Maillon pour chenilles

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011003122A1 (fr) * 2009-07-09 2011-01-13 Sandvik Mining And Construction G.M.B.H. Train de roulement à chenilles pour machines d'exploitation minière ainsi que maillon de chenille pour un train de roulement à chenilles et son procédé de fabrication
US20190351958A1 (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-21 Caterpillar Inc. Multi-material track pad for a continuous track assembly
WO2019226284A1 (fr) 2018-05-21 2019-11-28 Caterpillar Inc. Plaquette de chenille multi-matériaux pour un ensemble chenille continue
CN112135769A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2020-12-25 卡特彼勒公司 用于连续履带组件的多材料履带块
US10946911B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2021-03-16 Caterpillar Inc. Multi-material track pad for a continuous track assembly
JP2021523851A (ja) * 2018-05-21 2021-09-09 キャタピラー インコーポレイテッドＣａｔｅｒｐｉｌｌａｒ Ｉｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅｄ 連続トラックアセンブリ用の多材トラックパッド
CN117002640A (zh) * 2023-10-07 2023-11-07 泉州重达机械有限公司 一种工程机械的支重轮及履带装置
CN117002640B (zh) * 2023-10-07 2023-12-12 泉州重达机械有限公司 一种工程机械的支重轮及履带装置

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