WO1999033081A1 - Electrical circuit breaker - Google Patents

Electrical circuit breaker Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999033081A1
WO1999033081A1 PCT/GB1998/003851 GB9803851W WO9933081A1 WO 1999033081 A1 WO1999033081 A1 WO 1999033081A1 GB 9803851 W GB9803851 W GB 9803851W WO 9933081 A1 WO9933081 A1 WO 9933081A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
circuit breaker
electrical circuit
contacts
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/003851
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1999033081A8 (en
Inventor
William Bewick Hall
Original Assignee
Va Tech Elin Service B. V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Va Tech Elin Service B. V. filed Critical Va Tech Elin Service B. V.
Priority to EP98962578A priority Critical patent/EP1040496B1/en
Priority to AT98962578T priority patent/ATE218008T1/en
Priority to AU17712/99A priority patent/AU1771299A/en
Priority to JP2000525902A priority patent/JP2001527270A/en
Priority to DE69805547T priority patent/DE69805547T2/en
Publication of WO1999033081A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999033081A1/en
Publication of WO1999033081A8 publication Critical patent/WO1999033081A8/en
Priority to HK01105333A priority patent/HK1034801A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical circuit breaker and in particular to one in which an arc is rotated to assist in extinguishing the arc.
  • Electrical circuit breakers which have a pair of opposing contacts located in an enclosure filled with an insulating fluid, for example sulphur hexafloride (SFg) gas.
  • the contacts are capable of relative movement between a closed circuit position in which they engage with one another to pass a current therebetween and an open circuit position in which the contacts are separated.
  • SFg sulphur hexafloride
  • the arc is rotated.
  • the arc is rotated by a Lorentz force produced when the current flowing through the arc cuts a magnetic field generated by a coil adjacent the contacts.
  • the arc is rotated to remove it from areas were the gas has been ionised. If the arc is rotated faster than the gas can be ionised the arc will be extinguished.
  • a problem with electrical circuit breakers in which the arc is rotated is that degradation of the gas in the region between the contacts where the arc is generated occurs and the arc may also short circuit the coil.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved electrical circuit breaker in which the aforementioned problems are eliminated.
  • an electrical circuit breaker comprises an enclosure filled with an insulating fluid, at least one pair of opposing contacts housed m the enclosure which are capable of being separated to draw an arc, the insulating fluid being purged from the area where the arc is drawn to assist in the extinguishment of the arc.
  • a coil is located adjacent the contacts which generates a magnetic field to rotate the arc drawn between the contacts.
  • the contacts are separated by relative axial movement.
  • Relative axial movement between the contacts may be provided by at least one actuator.
  • the actuator may have a piston mounted thereon which acts to compress a purging fluid, means being provided to direct the compressed purging fluid to the region where the arc is drawn.
  • the purging fluid may be directed to the region where the arc is drawn via a passageway through at least one of the contacts or via at least one conduit.
  • the purging fluid is sulphur hexafloride.
  • a shield may be provided adjacent the coil which prevents the arc short circuiting the coil.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical circuit breaker m accordance with the present invention in an open circuit position.
  • an electrical circuit breaker generally indicated at 10, comprises an enclosure 12 filled with an insulating fluid.
  • the insulating fluid is sulphur hexafloride, SFg gas, under pressure.
  • the contacts 14 & 16 extend through the enclosure 12 and are capable of relative movement between a closed circuit position and an open circuit position.
  • the contact 14 is fixed and the contact 16 moves axially relative thereto.
  • the tip of contact 16 is inside the fixed contact 14 to pass a current therebetween.
  • the contact 16 is withdrawn from the contact 14 by an actuator 22.
  • the actuator 22 has a piston 24 mounted thereon and extends through a compression cylinder 25.
  • a coil 18 is provided adjacent the fixed contact 14 and a shield 20 is fitted adjacent the coil 18.
  • the actuator 22 moves the contact 16 axially relative to the fixed contact 14.
  • the contacts 14 and 16 are separated and an arc is drawn between them.
  • the tip of the contact 16 passes through electrode 17 the arc transfers to between the contact 16 and the electrode 17.
  • the electrical current path is then through the electrode 17 into the coil 18 and to the connection point 19.
  • a magnetic field is generated.
  • the magnetic field is cut by the current flowing through the arc and a Lorentz force is produced which rotates the arc.
  • the arc is rotated to remove it from areas where the insulating gas, SFg, has been ionised. If the arc is rotated faster than the gas can be ionised the arc will extinguish.
  • the shield 20 provides an enclosure for the arc such that the arc is trapped and cannot short circuit the coil 18.
  • the shield 20 also traps iomsed gas and metal vapours in region A.
  • the purging flow of SFg gas is compressed in the cylinder 25 by the piston 24 mounted on the actuator 22 of the contact 16. As the contact 16 moves axially the piston 24 compresses the SFg gas. The pressure is relieved as the gas passes through a passageway 26 in the moving contact 16 and conduits 28 to region A.
  • the purging flow of gas flushes out region A effectively dissipating the iomsed gases and metallic vapours which cause electrical breakdown.
  • the purging flow of gas therefore assists in extinguishing the arc.
  • the arc is extinguished by the combination of being rotated by the Lorentz force and the removal of heat, metallic vapours and ionised gas from region A.
  • An electrical circuit breaker in accordance with the present invention has particular efficacy at high voltages in the region above 72KV.
  • a purging flow of fluid can be used in any electrical circuit breaker where removal of iomsed gas or contaminants is required from the region where an arc is drawn.
  • the purging flow of fluid may be any insulating medium and may be provided- from a separate supply controlled independently from the movement of the contacts.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical circuit breaker (10) comprises an enclosure (12) filled with an insulating fluid. Within the enclosure (12) is a pair of opposing contacts (14 and 16) one of which is fixed and the other moves axially relative thereto. When the contacts (14 and 16) are separated an arc is drawn between them. The arc is rotated by a magnetic field generated by coil (18). A shield (20) prevents the arc short circuiting the coil (18) but also traps ionised gas particles and metallic vapours. To prevent the ionised gas and vapours building up a flow of purging gas is directed through channels (26 and 28) to region A. The purging flow of gas flushes out this region to prevent re-establishment of the arc.

Description

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT BREAKER
The present invention relates to an electrical circuit breaker and in particular to one in which an arc is rotated to assist in extinguishing the arc.
Electrical circuit breakers are known which have a pair of opposing contacts located in an enclosure filled with an insulating fluid, for example sulphur hexafloride (SFg) gas. The contacts are capable of relative movement between a closed circuit position in which they engage with one another to pass a current therebetween and an open circuit position in which the contacts are separated. When the contacts are moved apart arcing of the current between the contacts occurs before the current is interrupted. The arc can seriously damage the contacts reducing the life of the electrical circuit breaker.
To assist in the extinguishment of the arc and so prevent the contacts being damaged the arc is rotated. The arc is rotated by a Lorentz force produced when the current flowing through the arc cuts a magnetic field generated by a coil adjacent the contacts. The arc is rotated to remove it from areas were the gas has been ionised. If the arc is rotated faster than the gas can be ionised the arc will be extinguished.
A problem with electrical circuit breakers in which the arc is rotated is that degradation of the gas in the region between the contacts where the arc is generated occurs and the arc may also short circuit the coil.
The present invention seeks to provide an improved electrical circuit breaker in which the aforementioned problems are eliminated.
According to the present invention an electrical circuit breaker comprises an enclosure filled with an insulating fluid, at least one pair of opposing contacts housed m the enclosure which are capable of being separated to draw an arc, the insulating fluid being purged from the area where the arc is drawn to assist in the extinguishment of the arc.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention a coil is located adjacent the contacts which generates a magnetic field to rotate the arc drawn between the contacts.
Preferably the contacts are separated by relative axial movement. Relative axial movement between the contacts may be provided by at least one actuator. The actuator may have a piston mounted thereon which acts to compress a purging fluid, means being provided to direct the compressed purging fluid to the region where the arc is drawn. The purging fluid may be directed to the region where the arc is drawn via a passageway through at least one of the contacts or via at least one conduit. Preferably the purging fluid is sulphur hexafloride.
A shield may be provided adjacent the coil which prevents the arc short circuiting the coil.
The present invention will now be described with reference to and as shown in figure 1. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrical circuit breaker m accordance with the present invention in an open circuit position.
Referring to figure 1 an electrical circuit breaker, generally indicated at 10, comprises an enclosure 12 filled with an insulating fluid. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the insulating fluid is sulphur hexafloride, SFg gas, under pressure.
Located m the enclosure 12 are a pair of opposing electrical contacts 14 & 16. The contacts 14 & 16 extend through the enclosure 12 and are capable of relative movement between a closed circuit position and an open circuit position.
The contact 14 is fixed and the contact 16 moves axially relative thereto. In the closed circuit position the tip of contact 16 is inside the fixed contact 14 to pass a current therebetween. In the open circuit position shown in figure 1 the contact 16 is withdrawn from the contact 14 by an actuator 22.
The actuator 22 has a piston 24 mounted thereon and extends through a compression cylinder 25.
A coil 18 is provided adjacent the fixed contact 14 and a shield 20 is fitted adjacent the coil 18.
In operation when the electrical circuit breaker 10 is closed the main contacts 14 and 16 engage to carry one phase of the current supply.
When the current is to be interrupted the actuator 22 moves the contact 16 axially relative to the fixed contact 14. The contacts 14 and 16 are separated and an arc is drawn between them. As the tip of the contact 16 passes through electrode 17 the arc transfers to between the contact 16 and the electrode 17. The electrical current path is then through the electrode 17 into the coil 18 and to the connection point 19.
As the current passes through the coil a magnetic field is generated. The magnetic field is cut by the current flowing through the arc and a Lorentz force is produced which rotates the arc. The arc is rotated to remove it from areas where the insulating gas, SFg, has been ionised. If the arc is rotated faster than the gas can be ionised the arc will extinguish.
The shield 20 provides an enclosure for the arc such that the arc is trapped and cannot short circuit the coil 18. The shield 20 also traps iomsed gas and metal vapours in region A.
To prevent a build up of heat, metallic vapours and ionised gas, which cause electrical breakdown and prevent the arc from being extinguished, a purging flow of gas is supplied to region A.
The purging flow of SFg gas is compressed in the cylinder 25 by the piston 24 mounted on the actuator 22 of the contact 16. As the contact 16 moves axially the piston 24 compresses the SFg gas. The pressure is relieved as the gas passes through a passageway 26 in the moving contact 16 and conduits 28 to region A.
The purging flow of gas flushes out region A effectively dissipating the iomsed gases and metallic vapours which cause electrical breakdown. The purging flow of gas therefore assists in extinguishing the arc.
The arc is extinguished by the combination of being rotated by the Lorentz force and the removal of heat, metallic vapours and ionised gas from region A.
At low arc currents there is insufficient energy to rotate the arc at high speed. The arc may re-establish itself as it passes through the same ionised gas path. The purging flow of gas through the passageway 26 and the conduits 28 ensures that at these low arc currents the metallic vapours and ionised gases are dissipated to prevent re-establishment of the arc.
An electrical circuit breaker in accordance with the present invention has particular efficacy at high voltages in the region above 72KV. However it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the use of a purging flow of fluid can be used in any electrical circuit breaker where removal of iomsed gas or contaminants is required from the region where an arc is drawn.
It will further be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the purging flow of fluid may be any insulating medium and may be provided- from a separate supply controlled independently from the movement of the contacts.

Claims

Claims:
1. An electrical circuit breaker comprising an enclosure filled with an insulating fluid, at least one pair of opposing contacts housed in the enclosure which are capable of being separated to draw an arc, the insulating fluid being purged from the area where the arc is drawn to assist in the extinguishment of the arc.
2. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1 in which a coil is located adjacent the contacts which generates a magnetic field to rotate the arc drawn between the contacts.
3. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which the contacts are separated by relative axial movement.
4. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in claim 3 in which axial movement of the contact is provided by an actuator.
5. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in claim 4 in which the actuator has a piston mounted thereon whereby in operation axial movement of the actuator causes the piston to compress a purging fluid, means being provided to direct the compressed purging fluid to the region between the contacts where the arc is drawn.
6. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in claim 5 in which the means for directing the compressed purging fluid to the region between the contacts is a passageway extending through at least one of the contacts.
7. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in claim 5 in which the means for directing the compressed purging fluid to the region between the contacts is at least one conduit.
8. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in any preceding claim in which a shield is provided adjacent the coil to prevent the coil being short circuited by the arc current.
9. An electrical circuit breaker as claimed in any preceding claims in which the purging fluid is sulphur hexafloride gas.
10. An electrical circuit breaker as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
PCT/GB1998/003851 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 Electrical circuit breaker WO1999033081A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98962578A EP1040496B1 (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 Electrical circuit breaker
AT98962578T ATE218008T1 (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 ELECTRICAL SWITCH
AU17712/99A AU1771299A (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 Electrical circuit breaker
JP2000525902A JP2001527270A (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 Electrical circuit breaker
DE69805547T DE69805547T2 (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 ELECTRIC SWITCH
HK01105333A HK1034801A1 (en) 1997-12-19 2001-07-31 Electrical circuit breaker.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9726707.4 1997-12-19
GB9726707A GB2332566B (en) 1997-12-19 1997-12-19 Electrical circuit breaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999033081A1 true WO1999033081A1 (en) 1999-07-01
WO1999033081A8 WO1999033081A8 (en) 2000-08-31

Family

ID=10823790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/003851 WO1999033081A1 (en) 1997-12-19 1998-12-21 Electrical circuit breaker

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1040496B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001527270A (en)
CN (1) CN1149600C (en)
AT (1) ATE218008T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1771299A (en)
DE (1) DE69805547T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2177118T3 (en)
GB (1) GB2332566B (en)
HK (1) HK1034801A1 (en)
MY (1) MY129528A (en)
WO (1) WO1999033081A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7132443B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2006-11-07 Smithklinebeecham Corporation Fluoropyrrolidines as dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2905515B1 (en) * 2006-08-30 2008-12-05 Areva T & D Sa METALLIC ENVELOPE ELECTRICAL DEVICE COMPRISING A PARTICLE TRAP.
CN102804313B (en) 2009-06-25 2015-09-09 三菱电机株式会社 Gas-insulated switchgear device
DE102012202408A1 (en) 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2815519A1 (en) * 1978-04-11 1979-10-25 Licentia Gmbh Gas blowout circuit breaker - has blowout coil producing cusp-like magnetic field and connected to two=part moving contact
FR2422246A1 (en) * 1978-04-07 1979-11-02 Merlin Gerin Discharge suppressor for gas filled circuit breakers - is both magnetically and pneumatically operated with vents and baffles angled inward being displaced from contacts as circuit is broken
DE2820021A1 (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-11-15 Licentia Gmbh HV power circuit breaker with rotating light arc - which is located parallel to breaker axis and rotates about it

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB516531A (en) * 1938-06-22 1940-01-04 Reyrolle A & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric circuit-breakers of the air-blast or gas-blast type
GB1346984A (en) * 1969-12-30 1974-02-13 Reyrolle Parsons Ltd Gas circuit-breakers
FR2373141A1 (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-06-30 Cem Comp Electro Mec HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL CUT-OFF DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER BY GAS
DE2809509A1 (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-09-13 Licentia Gmbh COMPRESSED GAS CIRCUIT BREAKER
US4291208A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-09-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Gas-insulated circuit-interrupter having improved insulating nozzle
DE2904109A1 (en) * 1979-02-03 1980-08-07 Licentia Gmbh COMPRESSED GAS HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS
EP0067460B2 (en) * 1981-06-12 1990-03-21 BBC Brown Boveri AG High-voltage power circuit breaker
FR2596574B1 (en) * 1986-04-01 1988-05-20 Alsthom HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH DIELECTRIC GAS UNDER PRESSURE

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2422246A1 (en) * 1978-04-07 1979-11-02 Merlin Gerin Discharge suppressor for gas filled circuit breakers - is both magnetically and pneumatically operated with vents and baffles angled inward being displaced from contacts as circuit is broken
DE2815519A1 (en) * 1978-04-11 1979-10-25 Licentia Gmbh Gas blowout circuit breaker - has blowout coil producing cusp-like magnetic field and connected to two=part moving contact
DE2820021A1 (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-11-15 Licentia Gmbh HV power circuit breaker with rotating light arc - which is located parallel to breaker axis and rotates about it

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7132443B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2006-11-07 Smithklinebeecham Corporation Fluoropyrrolidines as dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2332566B (en) 2001-09-19
CN1149600C (en) 2004-05-12
GB9726707D0 (en) 1998-02-18
EP1040496A1 (en) 2000-10-04
ES2177118T3 (en) 2002-12-01
GB2332566A (en) 1999-06-23
HK1034801A1 (en) 2001-11-02
JP2001527270A (en) 2001-12-25
DE69805547T2 (en) 2003-01-09
EP1040496B1 (en) 2002-05-22
AU1771299A (en) 1999-07-12
DE69805547D1 (en) 2002-06-27
WO1999033081A8 (en) 2000-08-31
ATE218008T1 (en) 2002-06-15
CN1284202A (en) 2001-02-14
MY129528A (en) 2007-04-30

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