EP0067460B2 - High-voltage power circuit breaker - Google Patents

High-voltage power circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0067460B2
EP0067460B2 EP82200527A EP82200527A EP0067460B2 EP 0067460 B2 EP0067460 B2 EP 0067460B2 EP 82200527 A EP82200527 A EP 82200527A EP 82200527 A EP82200527 A EP 82200527A EP 0067460 B2 EP0067460 B2 EP 0067460B2
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Prior art keywords
annular
space
annular space
compression
piston
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EP82200527A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0067460A1 (en
EP0067460B1 (en
Inventor
Lutz Dr. Rer. Nat. Phys. Niemeyer
Blaise Dipl.-Ing. Perrenoud
Klaus Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ragaller
Ekkehard Dr. Ing. Phys. Schade
Rolf Schaumann
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H01H33/903—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc and assisting the operating mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H01H2033/902—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc with the gases from hot space and compression volume following different paths to arc space or nozzle, i.e. the compressed gases do not pass through hot volume
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a switch emerges from DE-A-2 500 095.
  • a compression space and a heating volume open into an annular area which is delimited by the movable contact piece and a blowing nozzle and is adjacent to the extinguishing section.
  • check valves located between the compression space and the heating volume are closed.
  • hot extinguishing gas can be stored in the heating volume, at least for a short time, which can also penetrate into the ring-shaped area due to the prevailing pressure conditions.
  • a turbulent boundary layer of hot extinguishing gas from the heating volume and cool extinguishing gas from the compression volume should form at an edge protruding into the annular area.
  • This switch has a complex valve system for controlling the pressure conditions in the compression space and heating volume and also requires a comparatively strong drive.
  • Switches are also known from the European patent application EP-A-0 021 951 and the German patent application DE-A-2 404 721, in which the switching arc drawn between the contact pieces during a switching operation switches around a coil through which the current to be switched off flows under the action of the magnetic field an axis rotates. This increases the heating effect of the switching arc in a quenching chamber and, when the current to be switched off is zero, heated gas is available for blowing the switching arc.
  • a piston-cylinder compression device is provided in each of these switches, through which gas is sucked out of the quenching chamber through the quenching path located between the contact pieces. With this switch, at least in the initial phase of the quenching process, only hot quenching gas is used to blow the switching arc, so that a re-ignition of the switching arc after a current zero crossing cannot be ruled out.
  • German patent application DE-A-2 349 263 also describes a switch with a combustion chamber in which an auxiliary arc lying in series with the switching arc is ignited during a switching operation.
  • This auxiliary arc heats up the gas in the combustion chamber, which supports the drive of the switch.
  • This switch has a piston-cylinder compression device for blowing the switching arc. With this switch, comparatively fresh gas is available for blowing the switching arc, but such a switch is relatively complex.
  • switches are known from French patent application FR-A-2 373 141 and German patent application DE-A-2 741 022, in which the quenching gas located in a closed chamber is essentially heated and compressed by an arc rotating under the action of a magnetic field becomes.
  • the gas pressure in the heating chamber rises sharply and, above a predetermined pressure value, a wall delimiting the heating chamber is moved into a further closed chamber.
  • fresh quenching gas located in this chamber is compressed and then used to extinguish the switching arc.
  • this switch at least in the initial phase of the extinguishing process, only hot extinguishing gas is used fed.
  • the strength of the extinguishing gas blowing depends on the strength of the current to be switched off.
  • the invention solves the problem of specifying a switch in which a re-ignition of the switching arc after zero current is avoided with simple means while saving drive energy.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that, despite its simple construction and relatively weak drive, a comparatively large proportion of comparatively fresh quenching gas is available for blowing the switching arc in all switching cases. As a result, effective blowing of the switching arc and thus a favorable extinguishing capacity are achieved in an economical manner.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention is specified in dependent claim 2.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form below with reference to the drawing. Here, the only figure shows a plan view of a section through the circuit breaker according to the invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker being indicated in the switch-on position on the left-hand side, while a switch-off phase of the relevant high-voltage circuit-breaker is shown on the right-hand side.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of a section through the contact arrangement of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • a movable contact piece 1 designed as a nozzle tube engages with contact fingers of a fixed contact piece 2 (see left side).
  • An annular electrode 3 is arranged below the fixed contact piece 2 and is electrically conductively connected to one end of a coil 4. The other end of the coil is in electrically conductive connection with the contact piece 2.
  • the coil 4 is attached to an insulating body 5, in which annular spaces 6, 7 and 8 are provided.
  • the annular space 6 is connected to an annular area 12 via an annular mouth 9, the annular space 8 via an annular channel 10 and an annular mouth 11.
  • the annular spaces 6 and 7 are connected to one another via an opening 13 provided in a wall 14.
  • annular spaces 7 and 8 are separated from one another by an annular piston 15.
  • This ring piston 15 is connected via webs 16 to the movable contact piece 1 and is part of a compression device for extinguishing gas, which is provided in all the spaces and channels specified.
  • Check valves 20 are provided on the annular space 8, which prevent a pressure drop in the annular space 8 when the compression device is actuated and enable the inflow of fresh extinguishing gas when switched on.
  • the heated, high-pressure quenching gas is stored in the annular space 6.
  • a portion of the extinguishing gas stored in the annular space 6 passes through the opening 13 into the annular space 7, in which it exerts a force acting on the annular piston 15 in the switching-off direction and thus supporting the switch drive. This prevents the annular piston 15 from working against the pressure build-up of the extinguishing gas caused by heating and thus resulting in a deceleration of the drive.
  • the fresh quenching gas located in the annular space 8 is compressed and flows when the heating effect of the arc 17 diminishes when the current zero crossing approaches, in the direction indicated by arrows via the annular channel 10 to the area 12 and mixes there with the now also from the annular space 6 flowing heated extinguishing gas.
  • the mixing of the fresh and the hot extinguishing gas is further supported in that the annular spaces 6 and 8 are separated from one another by the cylindrical wall 14, and in that the wall 14 has an edge 19 projecting into the region 12. The edge 19 creates a turbulent boundary layer between fresh and hot extinguishing gas and thereby promotes their mixing.
  • the extinguishing gas which is under high pressure but has cooled considerably, is passed into the extinguishing section located between the movable contact piece 1 and the ring electrode 3, where it blows the arc particularly effectively up to well beyond the zero current point and then via the nozzle-shaped opening of the contact piece 1 enters an expansion room.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochspannungsleistungsschalter gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein derartiger Schalter geht aus der DE-A-2 500 095 hervor. Bei diesem Schalter münden ein Kompressionsraum und ein Aufheizvolumen in einen vom beweglichen Schaltstück und einer Blasdüse begrenzten und der Löschstrecke benachbarten ringförmigen Bereich. Bei Annäherung des abzuschaltenden Stroms an einen Nulldurchgang werden zwischen dem Kompressionsraum und dem Aufheizvolumen befindliche Rückschlagventile geschlossen. Auf diese Weise kann zumindest kurzzeitig heißes Löschgas im Aufheizvolumen gespeichert werden, welches aufgrund der dabei herrschenden Druckverhältnisse auch in den ringförmigen Bereich eindringen kann. Hierbei dürfte sich an einer in den ringförmigen Bereich hineinragenden Kante eine turbulente Grenzschicht von heißem Löschgas aus dem Aufheizvolumen und kühlem Löschgas aus dem Kompressionsvolumen bilden. Dieser Schalter weist ein aufwendiges Ventilsystem zur Steuerung der Druckverhältnisse im Kompressionsraum und Aufheizvolumen auf und benötigt zudem einen vergleichsweise starken Antrieb.Such a switch emerges from DE-A-2 500 095. With this switch, a compression space and a heating volume open into an annular area which is delimited by the movable contact piece and a blowing nozzle and is adjacent to the extinguishing section. When the current to be switched off approaches a zero crossing, check valves located between the compression space and the heating volume are closed. In this way, hot extinguishing gas can be stored in the heating volume, at least for a short time, which can also penetrate into the ring-shaped area due to the prevailing pressure conditions. In this case, a turbulent boundary layer of hot extinguishing gas from the heating volume and cool extinguishing gas from the compression volume should form at an edge protruding into the annular area. This switch has a complex valve system for controlling the pressure conditions in the compression space and heating volume and also requires a comparatively strong drive.

Bei einem aus der FR-A-2 292 325 bekannten Schalter münden ein in einem düsenförmig ausgehöhlten Isolierstoffkörper ausgespartes Aufheizvolumen sowie der Kompressionsraum einer Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung in die zwischen den Kontaktstücken befindliche Löschstrecke. Hierdurch wird zwar erreicht, daß auch beim Schalten großer Ströme äußerst rasch frisches Löschgas aus dem Kompressionsraum im Bereich des Düsenengnis des Isolierstoffkörpers zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens zur Verfügung steht, dem vom Düsenengnis abgewandten Ende der Löschstrecke jedoch nur verhältnismäßig heißes und ionenreiches Gas aus dem im Isolierstoffkörper vorgesehenen Aufheizvolumen zugeführt wird. Dieses Gas weist keine optimalen Löscheigenschaften auf, so daß ein Wiederzünden des Schaltlichtbogens nach einem Strömnulldurchgang nicht ohne weiteres auszuschließen ist.In a switch known from FR-A-2 292 325, a heating volume cut out in a nozzle-shaped hollowed-out insulating material body and the compression space of a piston-cylinder compression device open into the extinguishing section located between the contact pieces. This does indeed mean that even when switching large currents, fresh extinguishing gas from the compression space in the area of the nozzle constriction of the insulating material body is available for blowing the switching arc, but the end of the extinguishing section facing away from the nozzle constriction is only relatively hot and ion-rich gas from that in the insulating material body provided heating volume is supplied. This gas does not have optimal extinguishing properties, so that a re-ignition of the switching arc after a current zero crossing cannot be ruled out easily.

Aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP-A-0 021 951 sowie der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE-A-2 404 721 sind ferner Schalter bekannt, bei denen der bei einem Schaltvorgang zwischen den Kontaktstücken gezogene Schaltlichtbogen unter der Wirkung des Magnetfeldes einer vom abzuschaltenden Strom durchflossenen Spule um eine Achse rotiert. Hierdurch wird die Heizwirkung des Schaltlichtbogens in einer Löschkammer verstärkt und steht bei einem Nulldurchgang des abzuschaltenden Stromes aufgeheiztes Gas zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens zur Verfügung. Um beim Schalten kleiner Ströme eine ausreichende Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens zu ermöglichen, ist bei diesen Schaltern jeweils noch eine Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressions-Vorrichtung vorgesehen, durch welche Gas aus der Löschkammer durch die zwischen den Kontaktstücken befindliche Löschstrecke gesaugt wird. Bei diesem Schalter wird zumindest in der Anfangsphase des Löschvorganges ausschließlich heißes Löschgas zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens verwendet, so daß ein Wiederzünden des Schaltlichtbogens nach einem Stromnulldurchgang nicht auszuschließen ist.Switches are also known from the European patent application EP-A-0 021 951 and the German patent application DE-A-2 404 721, in which the switching arc drawn between the contact pieces during a switching operation switches around a coil through which the current to be switched off flows under the action of the magnetic field an axis rotates. This increases the heating effect of the switching arc in a quenching chamber and, when the current to be switched off is zero, heated gas is available for blowing the switching arc. In order to enable sufficient switching of the switching arc when switching small currents, a piston-cylinder compression device is provided in each of these switches, through which gas is sucked out of the quenching chamber through the quenching path located between the contact pieces. With this switch, at least in the initial phase of the quenching process, only hot quenching gas is used to blow the switching arc, so that a re-ignition of the switching arc after a current zero crossing cannot be ruled out.

In der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE-A-2 349 263 ist ferner ein Schalter mit einem Brennraum beschrieben, in dem bei einem Schaltvorgang ein mit dem Schaltlichtbogen in Reihe liegender Hilfslichtbogen gezündet wird. Dieser Hilfslichtbogen heizt das in der Brennkammer befindliche Gas auf, wodurch der Antrieb des Schalters unterstützt wird. Zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens weist dieser Schalter eine Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung auf. Bei diesem Schalter steht zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens vergleichsweise frisches Gas zur Verfügung, jedoch ist ein solcher Schalter relativ aufwendig.German patent application DE-A-2 349 263 also describes a switch with a combustion chamber in which an auxiliary arc lying in series with the switching arc is ignited during a switching operation. This auxiliary arc heats up the gas in the combustion chamber, which supports the drive of the switch. This switch has a piston-cylinder compression device for blowing the switching arc. With this switch, comparatively fresh gas is available for blowing the switching arc, but such a switch is relatively complex.

Bei einem in der französischen Patentanmeldung FR-A-2 156 219 offenbarten Schalter wird die Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens dadurch verbessert, daß eine Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung Gas aus einer Kompressionskammer in die zwischen den Kontaktstücken befindliche Löschstrecke befördert, welches Gas nach Durchströmen der Löschstrecke sodann von einer Saugkammer der Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung aufgenommen wird. Ein solcher Schalter ist vergleichsweise kompliziert aufgebaut und benötigt zur Betätigung der Kolben-Zylinder-Vorrichtung einen verhältnismäßig starken Antrieb.In a switch disclosed in French patent application FR-A-2 156 219, the blowing of the switching arc is improved in that a piston-cylinder device conveys gas from a compression chamber into the extinguishing section located between the contact pieces, which gas then flows through the extinguishing section is received by a suction chamber of the piston-cylinder device. Such a switch is comparatively complicated and requires a relatively strong drive to actuate the piston-cylinder device.

Bei einem aus dem schweizerischen Patent 568 649 bekannten Schalter kann zwar der Antrieb durch Ausnutzung des durch die Schaltlichtbogengase erzeugten Druckstoßes verhältnismäßig schwach bemessen sein und kann die Energie des Druckstoßes zugleich zur Unterstützung der Beblasung herangezogen werden, jedoch weist dieser Schalter ein zur pneumatischen Umlenkung der Schaltlichtbogengase notwendiges Mehrkammersystem mit mehreren von den heißen Löschgasen beaufschlagten Ventilen auf.In a switch known from the Swiss patent 568 649, although the drive can be made relatively weak by utilizing the pressure surge generated by the switching arc gases and the energy of the pressure surge can also be used to support the blowing, this switch has a pneumatic deflection of the switching arc gases necessary multi-chamber system with several valves acted upon by the hot extinguishing gases.

Schließlich sind aus der französischen Patentanmeldung FR-A-2 373 141 sowie der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE-A-2 741 022 Schalter bekannt, bei denen das in einer abgeschlossenen Kammer befindliche Löschgas im wesentlichen durch einen unter der Wirkung eines Magnetfeldes rotierenden Lichtbogen aufgeheizt und verdichtet wird. Bei Ausschaltströmen steigt der Gasdruck in der Aufheizkammer stark an und wird oberhalb eines vorgegebenen Druckwertes eine die Aufheizkammer begrenzende Wand in eine weitere abgeschlossene Kammer hineinbewegt. Hierdurch wird in dieser Kammer befindliches frisches Löschgas komprimiert und sodann zur Löschung des Schaltlichtbogens verwendet. Bei diesem Schalter wird zumindest in der Anfangsphase des Löschvorganges ausschließlich heißes Löschgas zugeführt. Darüber hinaus ist die Stärke der Löschgasbeblasung von der Stärke des abzuschaltenden Stromes abhängig.Finally, switches are known from French patent application FR-A-2 373 141 and German patent application DE-A-2 741 022, in which the quenching gas located in a closed chamber is essentially heated and compressed by an arc rotating under the action of a magnetic field becomes. With switch-off currents, the gas pressure in the heating chamber rises sharply and, above a predetermined pressure value, a wall delimiting the heating chamber is moved into a further closed chamber. As a result, fresh quenching gas located in this chamber is compressed and then used to extinguish the switching arc. With this switch, at least in the initial phase of the extinguishing process, only hot extinguishing gas is used fed. In addition, the strength of the extinguishing gas blowing depends on the strength of the current to be switched off.

Die Erfindung, wie sie im Patentanspruch 1 angegeben ist, löst die Aufgabe, einen Schalter anzugeben, bei dem ein Wiederzünden des Schaltlichtbogens nach dem Stromnulldurchgang mit einfachen Mitteln unter Einsparung von Antriebsenergie vermieden wird.The invention, as specified in claim 1, solves the problem of specifying a switch in which a re-ignition of the switching arc after zero current is avoided with simple means while saving drive energy.

Der erfindungsgemäße Leistungsschalter zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß trotz einfachen Aufbaus und relativ schwachen Antriebs in allen Schaltfällen ein verhältnismäßig großer Anteil an vergleichsweise frischem Löschgas zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens zur Verfügung steht. Hierdurch werden in wirtschaftlicher Weise eine wirkungsvolle Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens und damit ein günstiges Löschvermögen erreicht.The circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that, despite its simple construction and relatively weak drive, a comparatively large proportion of comparatively fresh quenching gas is available for blowing the switching arc in all switching cases. As a result, effective blowing of the switching arc and thus a favorable extinguishing capacity are achieved in an economical manner.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Leistungsschalters ist im abhängigen Anspruch 2 angegeben. Nachfolgend ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung in vereinfachter Form dargestellt. Hierbei zeigt die einzige Figur eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch den erfindungsgemäßen Leistungsschalter, wobei auf der linken Seite der Hochspannungsleistungsschalter in der Einschaltstellung angegeben, hingegen auf der rechten Seite jeweils eine Ausschaltphase des betreffenden Hochspannungsleistungsschalters dargestellt ist.A further advantageous embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention is specified in dependent claim 2. An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form below with reference to the drawing. Here, the only figure shows a plan view of a section through the circuit breaker according to the invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker being indicated in the switch-on position on the left-hand side, while a switch-off phase of the relevant high-voltage circuit-breaker is shown on the right-hand side.

In der Figur ist eine Aufsicht auf einen Schnitt durch die Kontaktanordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungsleistungsschalters dargestellt. Ein bewegliches, als Düsenrohr ausgebildetes Kontaktstück 1 ist mit Kontaktfingern eines feststehenden Kontaktstückes 2 in Eingriff (vergleiche linke Seite). Unterhalb des feststehenden Kontaktstückes 2 ist eine ringförmige Elektrode 3 angeordnet, welche mit einem Ende einer Spule 4 elektrisch leitend verbunden ist. Das andere Ende der Spule steht mit dem Kontaktstück 2 in elektrisch leitender Verbindung. Die Spule 4 ist an einem lsolierstoffkörper 5 angebracht, in welchem Ringräume 6, 7 und 8 vorgesehen sind. Der Ringraum 6 steht über eine ringförmige Mündung 9, der Ringraum 8 über einen Ringkanal 10 und eine ringförmige Mündung 11 mit einem ringförmigen Bereich 12 in Verbindung. Die Ringräume 6 und 7 sind über eine in einer Wand 14 vorgesehene Öffnung 13 miteinander verbunden. Die Ringräume 7 und 8 werden durch einen Ringkolben 15 voneinander getrennt. Dieser Ringkolben 15 ist über Stege 16 mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 1 verbunden und ist Teil einer Kompressionsvorrichtung für Löschgas, welches in allen angegebenen Räumen und Kanälen vorgesehen ist. Am Ringraum 8 sind Rückschlagventile 20 vorgesehen, welche bei der Betätigung der Kompressionsvorrichtung einen Druckabfall im Ringraum 8 verhindern und beim Einschalten das Zuströmen frischen Löschgases ermöglichen.The figure shows a top view of a section through the contact arrangement of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention. A movable contact piece 1 designed as a nozzle tube engages with contact fingers of a fixed contact piece 2 (see left side). An annular electrode 3 is arranged below the fixed contact piece 2 and is electrically conductively connected to one end of a coil 4. The other end of the coil is in electrically conductive connection with the contact piece 2. The coil 4 is attached to an insulating body 5, in which annular spaces 6, 7 and 8 are provided. The annular space 6 is connected to an annular area 12 via an annular mouth 9, the annular space 8 via an annular channel 10 and an annular mouth 11. The annular spaces 6 and 7 are connected to one another via an opening 13 provided in a wall 14. The annular spaces 7 and 8 are separated from one another by an annular piston 15. This ring piston 15 is connected via webs 16 to the movable contact piece 1 and is part of a compression device for extinguishing gas, which is provided in all the spaces and channels specified. Check valves 20 are provided on the annular space 8, which prevent a pressure drop in the annular space 8 when the compression device is actuated and enable the inflow of fresh extinguishing gas when switched on.

Die Wirkungsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungsleistungsschalters ist nun wie folgt:The mode of operation of the high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention is now as follows:

Beim Ausschalten wird das Kontaktstück 1 nach unten bewegt. Gleichzeitig bewegt sich auch der Ringkolben 15 der Kompressionsvorrichtung nach unten und komprimiert im Ringraum 8 befindliches Löschgas, wobei Rückschlagventile 1 einen Druckabfall in den Ringräumen 6 und 7 verhindern. Sobald sich die Kontaktstücke 1 und 2 voneinander getrennt haben, wird sich zwischen ihnen ein Lichtbogen 17 bilden. Mit zunehmendem Abstand zwischen den .Kontaktstücken 1 und 2 wandert der Fußpunkt des Lichtbogens 17 vom feststehenden Kontaktstück 2 zur ringförmigen Elektrode 3 und schaltet hierbei die nun vom Abschaltstrom durchflossene Spule 4 ein (vergleiche die rechte Seite von Fig. 1). Das magnetische Feld der Spule bewirkt eine Rotation des Lichtbogens 17 um eine Kontaktstückachse. Hierbei wird Löschgas in der Hochstromphase stark erhitzt, wodurch zugleich auch der Druck des Löschgases ansteigt.When switching off, the contact piece 1 is moved down. At the same time, the annular piston 15 of the compression device also moves downward and compresses extinguishing gas located in the annular space 8, check valves 1 preventing a pressure drop in the annular spaces 6 and 7. As soon as the contact pieces 1 and 2 have separated from one another, an arc 17 will form between them. With increasing distance between the contact pieces 1 and 2, the base point of the arc 17 moves from the fixed contact piece 2 to the ring-shaped electrode 3 and thereby switches on the coil 4 through which the cut-off current now flows (compare the right side of FIG. 1). The magnetic field of the coil causes the arc 17 to rotate about a contact piece axis. Extinguishing gas is strongly heated in the high current phase, which also increases the pressure of the extinguishing gas.

Das erhitzte, unter hohem Druck stehende Löschgas wird im Ringraum 6 gespeichert. Ein Teil des in dem Ringraum 6 gespeicherten Löschgases gelangt über die Öffnung 13 in den Ringraum 7, in dem es auf den Ringkolben 15 eine in Ausschaltrichtung wirkende und somit den Schalterantrieb unterstützende Kraft ausübt. Hierdurch wird verhindert, daß der Ringkolben 15 gegen den durch Aufheizung bewirkten Druckaufbau des Löschgases arbeitet und es so zu einer Antriebsabbremsung kommt.The heated, high-pressure quenching gas is stored in the annular space 6. A portion of the extinguishing gas stored in the annular space 6 passes through the opening 13 into the annular space 7, in which it exerts a force acting on the annular piston 15 in the switching-off direction and thus supporting the switch drive. This prevents the annular piston 15 from working against the pressure build-up of the extinguishing gas caused by heating and thus resulting in a deceleration of the drive.

Gleichzeitig wird das im Ringraum 8 befindliche frische Löschgas komprimiert und strömt, wenn die Heizwirkung des Lichtbogens 17 bei Annäherung an den Stromnulldurchgang nachläßt, in der durch Pfeile angebenen Richtung über den Ringkanal 10 zum Bereich 12 und mischt sich dort mit dem nun ebenfalls aus dem Ringraum 6 strömenden erhitzten Löschgas. Die Vermischung des frischen und des heißen Löschgases wird dadurch noch unterstützt, daß die Ringräume 6 und 8 durch die zylinderförmige Wand 14 voneinander getrennt sind, und daß die Wand 14 eine in den Bereich 12 hineinragende Kante 19 aufweist. Die Kante 19 verursacht eine turbulente Grenzschicht zwischen frischem und heißem Löschgas und fördert dadurch deren Vermischung.At the same time, the fresh quenching gas located in the annular space 8 is compressed and flows when the heating effect of the arc 17 diminishes when the current zero crossing approaches, in the direction indicated by arrows via the annular channel 10 to the area 12 and mixes there with the now also from the annular space 6 flowing heated extinguishing gas. The mixing of the fresh and the hot extinguishing gas is further supported in that the annular spaces 6 and 8 are separated from one another by the cylindrical wall 14, and in that the wall 14 has an edge 19 projecting into the region 12. The edge 19 creates a turbulent boundary layer between fresh and hot extinguishing gas and thereby promotes their mixing.

Vom Bereich 12 wird das unter hohem Druck stehende, aber erheblich abgekühlte Löschgas in die zwischen dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 1 und der Ringelektrode 3 befindliche Löschstrecke geleitet, wo es den Lichtbogen bis weit über den Stromnulldurchgang hinaus besonders wirkungsvoll bebläst und anschließend über die düsenförmige Öffnung des Kontaktstückes 1 in einen Expansionsraum gelangt.From the area 12, the extinguishing gas, which is under high pressure but has cooled considerably, is passed into the extinguishing section located between the movable contact piece 1 and the ring electrode 3, where it blows the arc particularly effectively up to well beyond the zero current point and then via the nozzle-shaped opening of the contact piece 1 enters an expansion room.

Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, den Ringkolben 15 als Differentialkolben auszubilden, dessen größere Fläche den Ringraum 7 begrenzt.It has proven to be particularly advantageous to design the annular piston 15 as a differential piston, the larger surface of which limits the annular space 7.

Claims (2)

1. High-voltage circuit breaker comprising a moving contact member (1) and at least one further contact member (2, electrode 3), which contact members (1, 2, electrode 3) delimit during a switching process a quenching section in which an arc (17) is burning, comprising a piston-cylinder compression device in the compression space (annular space 8) of which cold quenching gas is condensed and whose part changing the volume of the compression space (annular space 8) is rigidly connected to the moving contact member (1), comprising a heating volume (annular space 6) in which quenching gas, which is compressed by the arc (17) as a result of heating, is stored and comprising at least one nozzle through the opening of which compressed quenching gas flows during a switching process from the quenching section into an expansion space, in which the compression space (annular space 8) and the heating volume (annular space 6) open into a common annular region (12) which is a part of a mixing device for hot and cold quenching gas and connects the compression space (annular space 8) and the heating volume (annutar space 6) to the quenching section, and in which the openings (11, 9) of the compression space (annular space 8) and of the heating volume (annular space 6) in the annular region (12) are separated from each other by a cylindrical wall (14) which is provided with an edge (19) which projects into the annular region (12) and by means of which a turbulent boundary layer forms between the hot and the cold quenching gas as the current to be switched off approaches a zero transition, characterised in that the compression space (annular space 8) is subdivided by an annular piston (15) of the compression device into two annular spaces (7, 8) having oppositely variable volumes, one annular space (8) of which is connected to the annular region (12) and the other annular space (7) of which is connected to the heating volume (annular space 6).
2. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterised in that the annular piston (15) is constructed as a differential piston, the larger piston area of which delimits the annular space (7) which is joined to the heating volume (annular space 6).
EP82200527A 1981-06-12 1982-05-03 High-voltage power circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0067460B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3860/81 1981-06-12
CH386081 1981-06-12

Publications (3)

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EP0067460A1 EP0067460A1 (en) 1982-12-22
EP0067460B1 EP0067460B1 (en) 1985-08-14
EP0067460B2 true EP0067460B2 (en) 1990-03-21

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EP (1) EP0067460B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3265381D1 (en)
YU (1) YU41383B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU112982A (en) 1984-12-31
EP0067460A1 (en) 1982-12-22
DE3265381D1 (en) 1985-09-19
EP0067460B1 (en) 1985-08-14
US4486632A (en) 1984-12-04
YU41383B (en) 1987-02-28

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