WO1999026348A2 - Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne - Google Patents

Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999026348A2
WO1999026348A2 PCT/FI1998/000904 FI9800904W WO9926348A2 WO 1999026348 A2 WO1999026348 A2 WO 1999026348A2 FI 9800904 W FI9800904 W FI 9800904W WO 9926348 A2 WO9926348 A2 WO 9926348A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
subscriber line
interface circuit
power source
line interface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1998/000904
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1999026348A3 (fr
Inventor
Caj NORDSTRÖM
Original Assignee
Nokia Networks Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Networks Oy filed Critical Nokia Networks Oy
Priority to AU12382/99A priority Critical patent/AU1238299A/en
Publication of WO1999026348A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999026348A2/fr
Publication of WO1999026348A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999026348A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13003—Constructional details of switching devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13034—A/D conversion, code compression/expansion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13082—Power supply via phantom line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1309—Apparatus individually associated with a subscriber line, line circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1319—Amplifier, attenuation circuit, echo suppressor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13292—Time division multiplexing, TDM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13305—Transistors, semiconductors in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1332—Logic circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a subscriber line interface circuit in a telephone system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a subscriber line interface, which interfaces a time-divisional signal from a digital exchange to an analog subscriber line.
  • a subscriber interface 11 of an exchange 10 is connected to a subscriber line 13 leading to a subscriber terminal 12.
  • Figure 1 also shows an analog subscriber interface 15 which can be located in a multiplexing unit 14 arranged separately from the exchange 10, the multiplexing unit being connected to a digital subscriber interface 19 of the exchange via a PCM link 18 (of e.g. 2 Mbit/s).
  • PCM link 18 of e.g. 2 Mbit/s
  • a remote multiplexing unit 16 such as this can also be connected via a PCM link 20 (of e.g. 2 Mbit/s) to another multiplexing unit 21 located close to the exchange, an analog subscriber interface 22 of the other multiplexing unit being connected, in turn, to an analog subscriber interface 23 in a digital or an analog exchange.
  • PCM link 20 of e.g. 2 Mbit/s
  • an analog subscriber interface 22 of the other multiplexing unit being connected, in turn, to an analog subscriber interface 23 in a digital or an analog exchange.
  • Multiplexers and digital digital links used as described above support longer distances between subscribers and an exchange than a purely analog subscriber line.
  • the multiplexer can be placed close to the subscribers, which allows a subscriber network to be implemented in a star configuration of short subscriber lines and, thereby, at relatively low cabling costs.
  • the principle of a subscriber line interface of a digital exchange is shown in Figure 2.
  • Wires a and b of an analog subscriber line are connected to a subscriber line interface circuit 30 (SLIC). Audio frequencies appearing on the wires a and b are routed to the SLIC 30 which sets a termination impedance of the subscriber line and separates transmit and receive direction signals from one another.
  • a receive direction signal is supplied via a low-pass filter 31 to a codec 33 which converts the analog signal of the subscriber line to a digital PCM coded form and transfers the PCM signal further to the exchange.
  • a PCM coded signal arriving from the exchange is converted in the codec 33 to an analog transmit direction signal, which is supplied to the subscriber line via a low-pass filter 32 and the SLIC 30.
  • a subscriber line interface circuit SLIC comprises power supply to the subscriber line, ringing voltage supply, detection of subscriber loop activation (off-hook), etc.
  • An active subscriber loop, or off-hook is a situation in which the subscriber has lifted the handset from its holder and an associated switch connects the a and b wires of the subscriber line together, a direct current loop being thereby formed from the SLIC via the subscriber line to the subscriber terminal, and back.
  • the SLIC detects the loop current and informs the exchange about the off-hook state.
  • the subscriber loop opens and the loop current disappears.
  • the SLIC detects that there is no loop current and informs the on-hook state to the exchange.
  • the distances of the subscribers from the exchange vary greatly. Some of the subscribers may be very close to the exchange, within 50-500 m, for example, while others may be several kilometers away from it. For this reason the length of the subscriber lines also varies greatly which, in turn, causes variation in subscriber loop resistance. Further variation in subscriber loop resistance is caused by subscriber terminal type, subscriber line characteristics, the number of subscriber terminals connected to a subscriber line, etc.
  • One of the requirements concerning a subscriber line interface is that the loop current must be substantially constant irrespective of the total resistance and dissipation in the subscriber loop.
  • the supply voltage needed for generating a particular loop current may therefore greatly vary.
  • the magnitude of operating voltage needed by amplifiers providing the supply voltage depends of the magnitude of the supply voltage. On the other hand, increased operating voltage in relation to supply voltage increases power dissipation of the amplifiers.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a simple and low- cost subscriber line interface circuit allowing power dissipation of amplifiers feeding a subscriber line to be minimised.
  • a subscriber line interface circuit SLIC
  • the subscriber line interface circuit comprising an output amplifier stage providing supply voltage to the subscriber line, and a power source for providing operating voltage to the amplifier stage.
  • the subscriber line interface circuit is characterized in that the power source is arranged to change the operating voltage of an amplifier stage on the basis of the supply voltage needed for generating a desired subscriber line loop current so that the difference between the operating voltage and the supply voltage becomes smaller, thus reducing power dissipation in the amplifier stage.
  • the output stage of the subscriber line interface circuit comprises two amplifiers, one of which is switched to operate as inverting (negative amplification) and the other one as non-inverting (positive amplification).
  • the output of each amplifier is connected to a respective subscriber line wire.
  • a common reference voltage and a common control voltage are supplied to both amplifiers.
  • the reference voltage sets amplifier output voltages of the lowest control voltage level substantially at an average voltage, or symmetry point, between the subscriber line supply voltage and ground. With a minimum control voltage, the output of both amplifiers is at the average voltage and there is no voltage difference between the subscriber lines.
  • the voltage of the first amplifier changes from the average voltage towards ground potential and the output voltage of the second amplifier towards the supply voltage, or vice versa, depending on the control voltage potential. Consequently, as the amplifier output voltages increase symmetrically in relation to the average voltage, voltage difference between the subscriber line wires also increases which, in turn, increases subscriber loop current.
  • the power source which provides the operating voltage and said reference voltage to the first and the second amplifier, is arranged to change the operating voltage of the amplifiers on the basis of the amplifier output voltage needed for generating the desired loop current.
  • the loop current being substantially constant, the output voltage needed for generating the loop current primarily depends on subscriber loop resistance. When loop resistance is high, high amplifier output voltage is also required, and when it is low, low amplifier output voltage is required. The difference between the amplifier operating voltage and output voltage is lost in the form of power dissipation of the amplifiers.
  • the invention being applied to decrease the operating voltage, when a smaller amplifier output voltage is needed, reduces power dissipation in the amplifiers, thereby cutting power consumption.
  • the power sources may comprise for instance two or more operating voltages, from which a operating voltage suited to a particular loop resistance is selected.
  • the power source is responsive to said control voltage in order to allow a suitable operating voltage to be selected for an amplifier.
  • the control voltage level correlates directly with the amplifier output voltages.
  • a power source with two operating voltages for an off-hook state may be arranged to supply a first, lower operating voltage when the level of the control voltage remains below a predetermined threshold value, and a second, higher operating voltage when the level of the control voltage exceeds said threshold value.
  • some telephone systems require a particularly high operating voltage when the subscriber line is in an on-hook state.
  • the power source may be arranged to feed the high operating voltage only when the subscriber line is in an on-hook state, and to use lower operating voltages in an off-hook state. Further, the power source is arranged to set the reference voltage according to the operating voltage in such a way that the average voltage remains at the right place.
  • Figure 1 illustrates different subscriber network implementations in an analog or a digital local exchange
  • Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of an analog subscriber interface
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a subscriber line interface circuit of the invention.
  • a subscriber line interface circuit 30 (SLIC) according to Figure 3 comprises two amplifiers 110 and 111 , one (111) of which is inverting (negative amplification G) and the other (110) non-inverting (positive amplification G), the amplifiers being used for feeding a subscriber line 13 connected to the circuit via terminals a and b.
  • a common reference voltage V ref and a common control voltage V c is supplied to both amplifiers 110 and 111.
  • An over-voltage protection unit 112 is connected between the terminals a and b to protect the subscriber line interface circuit 30 against over-voltages possibly appearing through the subscriber line 13.
  • a speech information signal arriving from an exchange is conveyed to the subscriber line interface circuit 30 via an In terminal.
  • speech information arriving from the subscriber line 13 is conveyed away from the subscriber line interface circuit 30 via an Out terminal.
  • the speech information signal arriving from the In terminal is conveyed to the amplifiers 110 and 111 , through which the signal is forwarded to the subscriber line 13.
  • Figure 3 shows, for the sake of clarity, separate inputs for the speech signal and the control voltage V c , in practice they can be summed to one and the same input by means of resistors.
  • the current being measured from both ends of the subscriber line 13 and the results being summed together, a common mode interference signal possibly appearing in the subscriber line can be cancelled.
  • From the summation unit 119 the signal is conveyed via a switching capacitor C to the Out terminal.
  • the subscriber line interface circuit 30 further comprises a terminal Ring Voltage to which a ringing signal is supplied.
  • the ringing signal is activated via a terminal Ring sig.
  • the ringing signal thus being conveyed to the subscriber line terminal b.
  • the amplifier 111 can be guided to a high impedance state through a terminal High Ohm.
  • the signal arriving from the summation unit 119 is also conveyed to detector units 120 and 121.
  • the detector unit 120 detects if the subscriber line changes from on-hook to off-hook, i.e. if the line is opened.
  • the detector unit 121 detects the moving from on-hook to off-hook when the ringing signal is active.
  • the subscriber line 130 status information is further conveyed from the detector units 120 and 121 to an On/Off-hook terminal via a selector unit 125.
  • the selector unit 125 selects the detector unit to be used. The selection is based on the signal arriving from the High Ohm terminal; the terminal being active indicates that the ringing signal is also active and therefore the detector unit 121 will be used. Otherwise the detector unit 120 is used.
  • the switching also involves a detector 122 which is used to detect an earth key signal and to convey the signal to an GND key terminal.
  • the detector receives input data from the amplifiers 117 and 118 via a subtraction unit 123.
  • the signal arriving from the summation unit 119 travels further to the amplifiers 110 and 111 through a feedback loop formed by units 126, 127 and 128.
  • the unit 126 is an integrator controlling, on the basis of the reference voltage Vref, the current supplied to the subscriber line 13.
  • the unit 127 is a voltage limiter restricting the voltage between the terminals a and b to a level below the reference voltage Vref.
  • the unit 128, in turn, is an amplifier having an amplification of +3 or -3, for example. Positive amplification being changed to negative also changes the polarity between the terminals: the terminal a is provided with the polarity of the terminal b and the terminal b with the polarity of the terminal a.
  • the polarity reversal is made active through a terminal Polarity Reversal.
  • the subscriber line interface circuit 30 of Figure 3 comprises three different operating voltage terminals: High_SV, Nom_SV and Low_SV, from which an operating voltage appropriate in a particular situation is supplied to the amplifiers 110 and 111.
  • the voltages to be supplied to the terminals can be, for example, 60 V, -48 V and -30 V, respectively. In a normal situation the voltage of the terminal Nom_SV will be used. If the subscriber line 13 is short, thus having a low resistance, a lower operating voltage Low_SV can be used, because the current in the subscriber line 13 is substantially constant and the magnitude of the amplifier output voltage needed for generating the current mainly depends particularly on the resistance of the subscriber line 13.
  • a low amplifier output voltage When the resistance of the subscriber line 13 is low, a low amplifier output voltage will be sufficient and, consequently, a low amplifier operating voltage can be applied. A lower operating voltage reduces power dissipation emerging in the amplifiers 110 and 111 and facilitates the cooling of the circuit.
  • An increased voltage High_SV can be used, when necessary, in an on-hook state, if devices connected to the subscriber line 13 require a high on-hook voltage, for example.
  • An increased voltage supply is advantageously only provided when the subscriber line 13 is in an on-hook state, the supply current needed thus being low and therefore allowing the maximum level of the current to be obtained from the High_SV terminal to be limited at a low level. This, in turn, facilitates the dimensioning of the power supply.
  • the control unit 129 operates on the basis of the control voltage V c arriving from the amplifier unit 128 for instance as follows: when the subscriber line 13 is in an off-hook state and the control voltage V c remains below a specific, predetermined level, a decreased operating voltage Low_SV is applied and when the control voltage V c is above a specific, pre-determined level, the operating voltage Nom_SV is used.
  • the control voltage V c is above a specific, pre-determined level
  • the operating voltage Nom_SV is used.
  • the subscriber line 13 is in an on-hook state, either the increased operating voltage High_SV or the normal operating voltage Nom_SV is used, depending on the purpose of use. It is possible to have more than three operating voltage steps or a fully stepless operating voltage control, without departing from the basic idea of the invention.
  • the operating voltage provided by the control unit 129 is also used for the reference voltage Vref the level of which is set at a voltage reduction circuit 130.
  • the reference voltage adjusts the average voltage of the output voltages of the amplifiers 110 and 111 , the adjustment keeping the average voltage at the right place despite of changes in the operating voltage.
  • the subscriber line interface circuit 30 of the present invention can be applied to analog subscriber line interfaces 11 , 15 and 23, to analog exchanges 10 or to separate multiplexing devices 14 and 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonné (30) (SLIC) à connecter à une ligne d'abonné bidirectionnelle bifilaire (a, b) pour la transmission de signaux audio et pour l'alimentation, le circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonné (30) comprenant un étage amplificateur de sortie fournissant la tension d'alimentation à la ligne d'abonné (30) ainsi qu'une source d'alimentation destinée à fournir une tension de fonctionnement à l'étage amplificateur, la source d'alimentation étant agencée pour changer la tension de fonctionnement dudit étage amplificateur sur la base de la tension d'alimentation nécessaire pour produire un courant de boucle de ligne d'abonné voulu, de manière que la différence entre la tension de fonctionnemen et la tension d'alimentation soit réduite, réduisant ainsi la dissipation du courant dans l'étage amplificateur.
PCT/FI1998/000904 1997-11-18 1998-11-17 Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne WO1999026348A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU12382/99A AU1238299A (en) 1997-11-18 1998-11-17 Subscriber line interface circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI974271A FI974271A (fi) 1997-11-18 1997-11-18 Tilaajajohtoliitäntäpiiri
FI974271 1997-11-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999026348A2 true WO1999026348A2 (fr) 1999-05-27
WO1999026348A3 WO1999026348A3 (fr) 1999-09-02

Family

ID=8549973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1998/000904 WO1999026348A2 (fr) 1997-11-18 1998-11-17 Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1238299A (fr)
FI (1) FI974271A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999026348A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001026354A1 (fr) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Dispositif de circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne
DE10045015A1 (de) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-28 Infineon Technologies Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung einer SLIC-Versorgungsspannung
DE10140357A1 (de) * 2001-08-17 2003-03-20 Infineon Technologies Ag Telefonsystem mit regelbarer Klingelspannung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317963A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-03-02 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Subscriber line interface circuit utilizing impedance synthesizer and shared voltage source for loop current regulation control
GB2193063A (en) * 1986-07-08 1988-01-27 Toshiba Kk Line circuits
WO1996015617A1 (fr) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-23 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Appareil de commutation de tension d'alimentation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317963A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-03-02 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Subscriber line interface circuit utilizing impedance synthesizer and shared voltage source for loop current regulation control
GB2193063A (en) * 1986-07-08 1988-01-27 Toshiba Kk Line circuits
WO1996015617A1 (fr) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-23 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Appareil de commutation de tension d'alimentation

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001026354A1 (fr) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Dispositif de circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne
US6498849B1 (en) 1999-10-04 2002-12-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Arrangement in a subscriber line interface circuit
DE10045015A1 (de) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-28 Infineon Technologies Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung einer SLIC-Versorgungsspannung
DE10045015B4 (de) * 2000-09-12 2006-01-05 Infineon Technologies Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung einer SLIC-Versorgungsspannung
US7092517B2 (en) 2000-09-12 2006-08-15 Infineon Technologies Ag Apparatus and method for regulating an SLIC supply voltage
DE10140357A1 (de) * 2001-08-17 2003-03-20 Infineon Technologies Ag Telefonsystem mit regelbarer Klingelspannung
DE10140357C2 (de) * 2001-08-17 2003-07-24 Infineon Technologies Ag Telefonsystem mit regelbarer Klingelspannung
US7046797B2 (en) 2001-08-17 2006-05-16 Infineon Technologies Ag Telephone system with controllable ringing voltage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI974271A0 (fi) 1997-11-18
WO1999026348A3 (fr) 1999-09-02
FI974271A (fi) 1999-05-19
AU1238299A (en) 1999-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2042683C (fr) Circuit d'interface amelioree pour ligne a haute tension
EP0615375B1 (fr) Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonné
US4853949A (en) Fail safe voice system for integrated services for digital network subscribers
NZ226249A (en) Line interface: resistive bridge input
JPH04225667A (ja) 調整済み電流を生じる加入者回線インターフェース回路
US5347544A (en) Gain or loss compensation circuit for telephone lines
WO1998058480A1 (fr) Terminaison synthetique
EP0729259B1 (fr) Génération d'un signal de sonnerie dans un circuit d'abonné (SLIC)
WO1999026348A2 (fr) Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne
US4262172A (en) Ring-trip detector
CA1179078A (fr) Circuit d'alimentation de ligne a impedance active
EP0740881B1 (fr) Procede et systeme permettant de produire un signal d'appel
FI104934B (fi) Tilaajajohtoliitäntäpiiri
EP1053632B1 (fr) Circuit d'interface de ligne d'abonne
EP0056810A1 (fr) Circuit de detection de boucle utilise avec un circuit d'interface de boucle d'un abonne
WO1999029098A2 (fr) Circuit d'interface de lignes d'abonnes
US5289537A (en) On-hook transmission circuit in cable line
EP0986891B1 (fr) Procede concernant un circuit d'interface d'une ligne d'abonne et circuit d'interface d'une ligne d'abonne
KR100343343B1 (ko) 호출음신호발생방법및장치
JP2758139B2 (ja) デジタルループ伝送システムの信号損失の自動調整用回路
JP2002543680A (ja) 加入者ライン・インターフェース回路
EP1076990B1 (fr) Circuit et procede de simulation d'un appareil telephonique
US20060072740A1 (en) Selective analog signal sensing from a plurality of integrated circuits using a common node
JPH0298247A (ja) 回線監視方式
CA2029140A1 (fr) Circuit de commande pour circuit de ligne telephonique a semiconducteur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ CZ DE DE DK DK EE EE ES FI FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ CZ DE DE DK DK EE EE ES FI FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

NENP Non-entry into the national phase in:

Ref country code: KR

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase in:

Ref country code: CA