WO1999025189A1 - Compositions agricoles comprenant un indicateur de ph - Google Patents

Compositions agricoles comprenant un indicateur de ph Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999025189A1
WO1999025189A1 PCT/CA1998/001066 CA9801066W WO9925189A1 WO 1999025189 A1 WO1999025189 A1 WO 1999025189A1 CA 9801066 W CA9801066 W CA 9801066W WO 9925189 A1 WO9925189 A1 WO 9925189A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concentrate
water
agricultural chemical
indicator
agricultural
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA1998/001066
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Martin David Bloomberg
Johannes Jurgens Pretorius
Original Assignee
Gouws & Scheepers Pty. Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gouws & Scheepers Pty. Limited filed Critical Gouws & Scheepers Pty. Limited
Priority to AU12204/99A priority Critical patent/AU1220499A/en
Publication of WO1999025189A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999025189A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to concentrates for improving the activities of
  • the present invention also relates to methods for preparing
  • insecticides including insecticides, nematodicides, molluscicides and rodenticides; fungicides; and
  • spray water varies widely as to source and quality.
  • source and quality varies widely as to source and quality.
  • water may originate from a natural surface or subsurface source or may be municipally
  • Such water may contain varying amounts of impurities such as mineral salts and suspended colloidal particles, and may vary widely in pH.
  • impurities such as mineral salts and suspended colloidal particles, and may vary widely in pH.
  • the pH may be varying widely in pH.
  • alkalinity i.e. pH greater than 7.0.
  • magnesium carbonates calcium and magnesium sulfates and sodium bicarbonate
  • hard water also has a detrimental effect on activities of
  • an agricultural chemical is mixed can lead to precipitation of the agricultural chemical
  • the agricultural chemicals which also affect activity.
  • the agricultural chemicals which also affect activity.
  • the agricultural chemicals which also affect activity.
  • the agricultural chemicals which also affect activity.
  • the agricultural chemicals which also affect activity.
  • hard water generally has an alkaline pH. Therefore, if the amounts of certain dissolved
  • spray water must typically be treated in order to preserve the activity
  • Such treatment typically includes
  • pH adjusting agents such as acids, bases and
  • buffers are usually added to the water prior to mixing with the agriculture chemice to
  • the pH adjusting agent may be in the form of a concentrate which contains an
  • the adjuvant is typically a pH modifying agent selected from
  • the adjuvant may be present in the concentrate in
  • Fisher et e. contains a pH modifying agent and is added to water prior to
  • the Fisher et e. concentrate eso contains a pH indicator which changes the
  • the agriculture chemice is highest, typically within the range of 4 to 6. Therefore, the
  • Fisher et e. concentrate provides a simple method for quickly and easily determining
  • an agriculture chemice may be added to the pH-adjusted water to provide
  • an agriculture composition having a predetermined concentration of the chemice.
  • Fisher et e. concentrate does not ensure that the agriculture chemice is present in the
  • composition in an agricultur.alry effective amount.
  • the present invention provides a concentrate to be mixed with water prior to addition
  • the agriculture chemice has acceptable agriculture activity.
  • the concentrate according to the present invention therefore comprises:
  • an active ingredient selected from one or more members of the group comprising pH modifying agents and water conditioning agents;
  • the concentrate is preferably added to the spray water in a predetermined amount prior to addition thereto of the agricultural chemical.
  • the active ingredient in the concentrate adjusts the pH of the spray water and/or conditions the water, for example by binding with ions present in the water which would have an antagonistic effect on the agricultural activity of the agricultural chemical.
  • the concentrate of the present invention is to be used with agricultural chemicals containing a pH modifying group. Addition of the agricultural chemical to the spray water containing the concentrate therefore changes the pH of the spray water.
  • the pH indicator produces a colour change in the spray water at a pH at which the agricultural chemical has acceptable agricultural activity and at which the agricultural chemical is present in an agriculturally effective concentration.
  • the concentrate of the invention is preferably used to prepare agricultural compositions containing an agricultural chemical having an acidic functional group and having acceptable agricultural activity at a pH within the range of from about 4 to about 7, more preferably from about 4 to about 6.
  • the agricultural chemical is selected from the group comprising pesticides, including insecticides, nematodicides, molluscicides and rodenticides; fungicides; and herbicides. Most preferably, the agricultural chemical is the herbicide glyphosate and its salts.
  • the pH modifying agent according to the invention is preferably selected from the group comprising acids, alkalis, buffers and salts for controlling or modifying the pH of water.
  • the concentrate preferably contains a water conditioning agent capable of reducing the effects of hard water on the agricultural chemical.
  • ammonium compounds such as ammonium sulfate are most preferred.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing an agricultural composition containing a predetermined concentration of an agricultural chemical having a pH modifying group and having an activity which varies with pH, the method comprising: a. providing a concentrate comprising a pH indicator and an active ingredient selected from one or more members of the group comprising pH modifying agents and water conditioning agents; b. mixing the concentrate with a predetermined volume of water to form an aqueous mixture of the concentrate; and
  • Concentrates according to the present invention comprise a pH indicator and an active ingredient selected from one or more members of the group comprising pH modifying agents and water conditioning agents.
  • Preferred pH modifying agents according to the invention are selected from the group comprising acids, alkalis, buffers and salts for controlling or modifying the pH of water.
  • the pH modifying agent is preferably an acid.
  • Preferred acids for use in the concentrate of the invention are selected from the group comprising acetic acid, orthophosphoric acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and formic acid. However, it is to be appreciated that other acids may preferably be used in the concentrate.
  • the pH modifying agent is preferably a base.
  • preferred bases for use in the concentrate of the invention are selected from the group comprising ammonia, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. However, it is to be appreciated that other bases may preferably be used in the concentrate.
  • the pH modifying agent be a buffer.
  • Buffers are capable of not only adjusting the pH of the water to a desired range, but are also capable of maintaining the pH of the water within that range.
  • Preferred buffers according to the present invention are prepared from an acid or base and a salt of the acid or base. Examples of preferred acids are acetic acid, phosphoric acid and propionic acid.
  • Example of preferred buffers include acetic acid and ammonium acetate, acetic acid and potassium acetate, acetic acid and sodium acetate, phosphoric acid and monoammonium phosphate, and phosphoric acid and monopotassium phosphate.
  • the water conditioning agent is preferably a compound which reduces the antagonistic effect on the agricultural chemical of dissolved mineral salts in the spray water.
  • Preferred water conditioning agents are selected from the group comprising ammonia or ammonium-containing compounds, citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) , phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and salts thereof. More preferred water conditioning agents are those containing ammonia or ammonium ion.
  • Particularly preferred water conditioning agents for use in the concentrate according to the invention are BladbuffTM 5, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrite, monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and ammonium bicarbonate, with ammonium sulfate being most preferred.
  • ammonium sulfate is primarily a water conditioner, it also affects the pH of the spray water.
  • the concentrate of the present invention containing ammonium sulfate typically reduces the pH of the spray water to the range of from about 6 to about 6.5.
  • the pH reduction achieved is dependent on the initial pH of the spray water, the ions present in the spray water (i.e. hardness), and the amount of ammonium sulfate added to the spray water.
  • ammonium ion substantially reduces the antagonistic effect of dissolved minerals in water.
  • ammonium ion may mitigate antagonism by preferentially binding the molecules of the agricultural chemical, thereby preventing the formation of large molecular clusters which are not easily absorbed or translocated.
  • ammonium ion alters the protein structure of the cell wall of the plant onto which the agricultural composition is sprayed, thereby rendering it more permeable to the agricultural composition.
  • ammonium sulfate reacts with dissolved calcium ions to form insoluble calcium sulfate, thereby removing antagonistic calcium ions from solution.
  • the concentrate according to the invention also comprises a pH indicator for colouring water, the pH indicator producing a visible colour change at a pH at which the agricultural chemical has an acceptable agricultural activity.
  • the pH indicator preferably produces a colour change in the range of from about pH 4 to about pH 7.
  • Preferred pH indicators producing a colour change in the range of from about pH 4 to about pH 7 include methyl red, bromocresol purple, bromocresol green, 4-phenylazo-l- naphthylamine, ethyl red, 2- (p-dimethylaminophenylazo) -pyridine, 4- (p-ethoxyphenylazo) -m-phenylenediamine monohydrochloride, lacmoid, alizarin red S, propyl red, chlorophenol red, p- nitrophenol, alizarin and 2- (2, 4-dinitrophenylazo) -1-naphthol- 3, 6-disulfonic acid, disodium salt.
  • More preferred pH indicators used in the concentrate are selected from the group comprising methyl red, bromocresol purple and bromocresol green. It is to be appreciated that other pH indicators may also preferably be used, the choice of pH indicator being dictated by the agricultural chemical in the agricultural composition, the solubility (in water) and toxicity of the indicator, the sharpness of the colour change, and cost of the indicator.
  • Methyl red changes from colourless at a neutral pH of 7 (sometimes through a yellow stage) to pink in a pH range of about 5.5 to about 4.5, and to bright red at a pH value of about 4.5 and lower.
  • Methyl red is preferably in its free acid form, such as that sold under the trade mark ColoriteTM.
  • One preferred formulation comprises a 0.1% m/m solution of methyl red free acid in an isopropyl alcohol solvent.
  • Bromocresol purple changes from purple at a neutral pH of 7 to yellow through an intermediate green stage in a pH range of about 6.8 to about 4.5, and remains yellow at pH values of about 4.0 to 4.5 and lower. For example, at a pH of about 5.5, a green colour is observed.
  • bromocresol purple is dissolved in a solvent to assist its dissolution in acidic solutions.
  • a solvent is propyl alcohol, with the relative amount of bromocresol purple to propyl alcohol being about 5% w/w.
  • the particular pH indicator used in the concentrate is at least partially dependent on the specific agricultural chemical which is ultimately combined with the concentrate in the agricultural composition.
  • the most preferred pH indicator is bromocresol purple, although methyl red also produces acceptable results.
  • bromocresol purple is particularly preferred is that it has lower toxicity than methyl red .
  • the amount of pH indicator present in the concentrate is sufficient that the indicator will be effective and visible once the concentrate is diluted with water. Therefore, the amount of pH indicator included in the concentrate is related to the amounts of water and agricultural chemical in the ultimate agricultural composition. More specifically, when small amounts of concentrate are added to water, the ratio of pH indicator to pH modifying agent in the concentrate is relatively high, and when large amounts of concentrate are added to water, the ratio of pH indicator to pH modifying agent in the concentrate is relatively low.
  • the manufacturer of the concentrate will be aware of the intended use of the concentrate and will prescribe the concentrations at which it will be added to the spray water. Therefore, it will be a simple matter for the manufacturer to ensure that the concentrate contains sufficient pH indicator to be effective when the concentrate is used at these prescribed concentrations.
  • a particularly preferred concentrate according to the invention for use with glyphosate about 5g of a 5% w/w mixture of bromocresol purple and propyl alcohol (containing about 0.25g bromocresol purple) is combined with about l,000g of ammonium sulfate.
  • the proportion of bromocresol purple to ammonium sulfate is about 0.025% w/w.
  • the concentrate may also contain a number of other ingredients such as solvents, spreaders, wetters or the like. Such ingredients are typically employed when the agricultural composition is used for application to plants and/or soil, or spraying or dipping animals.
  • the concentrate may preferably be in any form which may be conveniently measured, for example a solid or a liquid.
  • the concentrate contains water as a diluent to facilitate handling and measurement of the concentrate and to dissolve or disperse the various ingredients therein.
  • an agricultural chemical or a salt thereof, is added to the spray water to produce an agricultural composition according to the invention.
  • the agricultural chemical is one which will alter the pH of the water to which it is added, and contains a pH modifying group such as an acidic or basic functional group.
  • the agricultural chemical contains at least one acidic functional group.
  • the agricultural chemical preferably also has an activity which varies with pH and has optimum agricultural activity and stability at an acidic pH. More preferably, the agricultural chemical is one which has optimum agricultural activity and stability within the pH range of from about 4 to about 7, and most preferably within the pH range of from about 4 to about 6.
  • agricultural chemicals which increase the pH of the spray water such as copper hydroxide, lime sulfur, potassium nitrate and bordeaux mixture, which comprises a mixture of hydrated lime and copper sulfate (CuS0 4 ) .
  • the agricultural chemical is preferably selected from the group comprising pesticides, defoliants, desiccants and plant nutrients.
  • the agricultural chemical may preferably be a pesticide selected from the group comprising insecticides, nematodicides, molluscicides and rodenticides, or a fungicide or herbicide. More preferably, the agricultural chemical is selected from one or more members of the group comprising organophosphates, carbamates, benzimidazoles, dicarboxamides, bypyridols, pyrethroids and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Most preferably, the agricultural chemical is N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine, known as glyphosate.
  • Glyphosate is a widely used organophosphate herbicide which is believed to penetrate the wax layer (cuticle) of plant leaves and is quickly distributed to the plant roots where it prevents the synthesis of amino acids, eventually causing death of the plant.
  • Preferred glyphosate formulations for use in agricultural compositions according to the invention are available from Monsanto under the trade marks RoundupTM and StingTM.
  • Glyphosate is an acidic compound having a phosphate group and a pH of about 5.2.
  • the phytotoxicity of glyphosate is not substantially affected by pH within the pH range of from about 2.2 to about 8.0. However, above a pH of about 7.0, the activity and stability of glyphosate are observed to decline.
  • the optimum pH range for glyphosate is from about 4 to about 6, and more preferably from about 4.5 to about 5.5.
  • glyphosate used in the preparation of agricultural compositions according to the present invention is preferably in the form of an agriculturally active salt.
  • Preferred salts include sodium glyphosate sesquihydrate and the ammonium, trimesium and isopropylamine salts of glyphosate.
  • glyphosate is used as its isopropylamine salt, which is highly water soluble.
  • the concentrate and method of the present invention are applicable to large numbers of agricultural chemicals and that the concentrations of these chemicals can vary substantially in the eventual agricultural composition for application to crops, soil or animals, depending, inter alia, on the nature of the agricultural chemical itself, the purpose for which it is being used, climatic conditions, the half-life of the agricultural chemical in water of a particular pH, frequency of application, the type of crop, environmental factors and economics, or the like.
  • a preferred process according to the invention for preparing an agricultural composition will now be described below, utilizing glyphosate as the agricultural chemical and a concentrate containing a ratio of bromocresol purple to ammonium sulfate of about 0.025% w/w, as discussed above.
  • a concentrate comprising an active ingredient and a pH indicator for colouring water, wherein the pH indicator is capable of producing a visible colour change in the range of pH 4 to pH 7.
  • the concentrate comprises about 99.5 wt% ammonium sulfate as active ingredient, about 0.02 wt% bromocresol purple as pH indicator, and about 0.47 wt% propyl alcohol as solvent for the pH indicator.
  • This concentrate is preferably in the form of a dry formulation.
  • the next step in the process is to form an aqueous mixture of the concentrate by mixing a predetermined quantity of the concentrate with a predetermined volume of water.
  • the pH of the water is preferably at least about pH 7.0.
  • the concentrate is preferably added into a container containing at least about 95% of the water to be present in the agricultural composition.
  • the concentrate is added to the water in a concentration of about 2% w/v, although this is variable and at least partially dependent on the hardness and/or pH of the spray water.
  • the final step in forming the agricultural composition is to mix an agricultural chemical with the aqueous mixture of concentrate and spray water until a visible colour change is observed. At this point, the agricultural chemical is present in the composition in a predetermined concentration and pH.
  • glyphosate most preferably in the form of RoundupTM, is added into the aqueous mixture of concentrate until the colour of the water changes from purple to green/yellow, at which point the pH will be less than or equal to about pH 5.5.
  • the pH after the colour change will be within the pH range of from about 4.5 to about 5.5, preferably about 5.2.
  • an amount of concentrate containing about 1 to 3 kg, preferably about 3 kg, of ammonium sulfate is added to about 100 litres of water. After addition of the concentrate, the water is purple.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un concentrat agricole prévu pour être mélangé à une eau d'arrosage avant d'être ajouté à un produit chimique agricole. Ce concentrat indique visuellement le moment où le produit agricole a été ajouté à l'eau d'arrosage selon une quantité désirée et à un pH requis. Le concentrat comprend un ingrédient actif pour ajuster la qualité de l'eau d'arrosage ainsi qu'un indicateur de pH.
PCT/CA1998/001066 1997-11-14 1998-11-13 Compositions agricoles comprenant un indicateur de ph WO1999025189A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU12204/99A AU1220499A (en) 1997-11-14 1998-11-13 Agricultural compositions comprising a ph indicator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA97/10299 1997-11-14
ZA9710299 1997-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999025189A1 true WO1999025189A1 (fr) 1999-05-27

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ID=25586720

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA1998/001066 WO1999025189A1 (fr) 1997-11-14 1998-11-13 Compositions agricoles comprenant un indicateur de ph

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1220499A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999025189A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005018334A1 (fr) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-03 Nutriag Ltd. Indicateur colore du ph destine a des composes agricoles
WO2008035237A2 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Plaaskem Intellectual Property (Proprietary) Limited Composition agricole contenant des indicateurs de ph par coloration
US20120157317A1 (en) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Nutriag Ltd Agricultural composition comprising ph sensitive agricultural chemicals and organic ph buffer
WO2015040627A1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 Suunil Sudhakar Chaudhry Composition chimique adjuvante nutritionnelle polyvalente destinée à être utilisée en agriculture

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1424714A (en) * 1973-02-13 1976-02-11 Colgate Palmolive Co Solution dilution indicator
US5278132A (en) * 1986-02-11 1994-01-11 Gouws & Scheepers (Propietary) Ltd. Agricultural compounds

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1424714A (en) * 1973-02-13 1976-02-11 Colgate Palmolive Co Solution dilution indicator
US5278132A (en) * 1986-02-11 1994-01-11 Gouws & Scheepers (Propietary) Ltd. Agricultural compounds

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005018334A1 (fr) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-03 Nutriag Ltd. Indicateur colore du ph destine a des composes agricoles
AU2004266047B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2010-09-16 Nutriag Ltd. pH colour indicator for use with agricultural compounds
US10145803B2 (en) 2003-08-25 2018-12-04 Nutriag Ltd. pH colour indicator for use with agricultural compounds
US10591419B2 (en) 2003-08-25 2020-03-17 Nutriag Ltd. pH colour indicator for use with agricultural compounds
WO2008035237A2 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Plaaskem Intellectual Property (Proprietary) Limited Composition agricole contenant des indicateurs de ph par coloration
WO2008035237A3 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-08-21 Plaaskem Intellectual Property Composition agricole contenant des indicateurs de ph par coloration
US8492314B2 (en) 2006-09-18 2013-07-23 Aeci Limited Agricultural composition with PH colour indicators
US20120157317A1 (en) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Nutriag Ltd Agricultural composition comprising ph sensitive agricultural chemicals and organic ph buffer
WO2012083453A1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2012-06-28 Nutriag Ltd. Composition agricole comprenant des produits chimiques agricoles sensibles au ph et un tampon de ph organique
US9277747B2 (en) 2010-12-21 2016-03-08 Nutriag Ltd. Agricultural composition comprising pH sensitive agricultural chemicals and organic pH buffer
WO2015040627A1 (fr) 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 Suunil Sudhakar Chaudhry Composition chimique adjuvante nutritionnelle polyvalente destinée à être utilisée en agriculture
US10238104B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2019-03-26 Suunil Sudhakar CHAUDHRY Multifunctional nutritional adjuvant chemical composition for use in agriculture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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