WO1999021794A1 - Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) pouvant etre utilises dans un systeme de polymeres - Google Patents
Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) pouvant etre utilises dans un systeme de polymeres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999021794A1 WO1999021794A1 PCT/SE1998/001937 SE9801937W WO9921794A1 WO 1999021794 A1 WO1999021794 A1 WO 1999021794A1 SE 9801937 W SE9801937 W SE 9801937W WO 9921794 A1 WO9921794 A1 WO 9921794A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- prills
- adn
- nonpolar
- polymer system
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
- C01B21/087—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more hydrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/32—Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of producing particles, prills, of ammonium dinitramide (ADN). More specifically, the invention concerns a method of producing in liquid phase ADN prills intended to be mixed with a polymer system.
- ADN ammonium dinitramide
- Ammonium dinitramide is an energetic oxidiser which can be used in many applications.
- One application is that as oxidiser in rocket propellents, which is disclosed in e.g. US 5,498,303.
- Advantages of using ADN in composite propellants instead of ammonium nitrate are described in, for instance, US 5,498,303 and WO 97/06099.
- the product When producing ADN, the product is obtained in the form of crystal aggregates which are not very suited to be directly mixed with a polymer system for producing a composite propellant. It is therefore desirable to produce prills of ADN. Prills allow a simpler handling system and result in a better rheology in mixing with polymer systems.
- prills in liquid phase are previously known.
- the substance is molten and dispersed to droplets in a liquid phase which is inert in relation to the sub- stance.
- the liquid phase is cooled to solidify the droplets into prills, and these are separated from the liquid phase.
- Such a method for prilling of ADN is mentioned in Challenges in Propellants and Combustion - 100 Years after Nobel (Conference Proceedings, 1996, pp 627-635); May Lee Chan et al: ADN Propellant Technology.
- a problem is that the particles must be washed clean with an organic solvent before they can be used in the production of propellants.
- An object of the present invention is to produce ADN prills which can be directly mixed with a polymer system without any preceding washing of the particles. This is achieved by a method as defined in the appended claims.
- the invention comprises melting and dispersion of ADN in a nonpolar medium to obtain droplets of ADN in the medium; cooling of the medium to solidify the droplets into prills and separation of said prills from the medium.
- Characteristic of the invention is that the nonpolar medium essentially consists of a plasticiser which is com- patible with said polymer system.
- the nonpolar medium may contain a polymer for adjusting the viscosity of the medium.
- the polymer can be, for instance, HTPB or some other polymer which is used in composite propellants and plastic-bonded explosives.
- a suitable viscosity of the nonpolar medium is 10-250 mPas.
- a small amount of surfactant can advantageously be added to the nonpolar medium.
- the surfactant makes the prills have a smooth and nice surface.
- the added amount is normally smaller than 5% by weight based on the nonpolar medium.
- Suitable surfactants are, for instance, laurylium sulphate, stearyl alcohol, sodium stearate, octylamine and dodecylamine.
- Suitable plasticisers are DOS, DOA, vacuum oil, transformer oil, K-10, BTTN, M/E- NENA, TMETN, Me-NENA, Et-NENA, WM3, FEFO, BDNPF/A, DANPE, DINA, and GAPA. K-10 up to and including GAPA are all energetic plasticisers.
- the prills can be directly mixed with a polymer system when producing composite propellants and plastic-bonded explosives without the particles first needing to be washed.
- the plasticiser and, where appropriate, the viscosity-controlling polymer are selected in consideration of the polymer system with which the prills are to be mixed.
- the plasticiser also protects the particles from the humidity of the air.
- Prilling was carried out in a 1 -litre stainless steel batch reactor consisting of a cylindrical container with a tight cover.
- the container was provided with a propeller agitator and baffles.
- the container was enclosed by a jacket to be passed by a heating medium and a cooling medium, respectively.
- Through the cover there was arranged a connection for a vacuum pump to evacuate gases from the medium.
- the reactor was supplied with 5 g of ADN, 700 ml of plasticiser (DOS, dioctyl sebacate) as a nonpolar medium and 200 mg of surfactant (laurylium sulphate).
- the reactor was closed and gases were evacuated by means of the vacuum pump.
- the mixture was heated to 96°C and kept at this temperature for 5 min during stirring by means of the propeller agitator at a rate of 60 rpm.
- the mixture was then quickly cooled to 20°C.
- the resulting prills were filtered off by suction filtration on a paper filter.
- the prills had a particle size of about 200 ⁇ m.
- the stirring intensity was increased, whereby prills having a particle size of about 120 ⁇ m were produced.
- prills were mixed with a polymer system (HTPB) without any preceding washing, and propellant elements were prepared.
- HTPB polymer system
- Propellant elements of high strength were obtained after hardening, without any problems.
- Example 1 The reactor according to Example 1 was provided with an anchor agitator instead of the propeller agitator and new prillings were earned out in the same way as in Example 1 , but with the following changes:
- a nonpolar medium use was made of a mixture of DOS and HTPB (Krasol® supplied by Kaucuk A.S.). 24.5 g of HTPB were mixed with DOS to a total volume of 300 ml. 20 g of ADN were added. The stirring rate was 400 rpm.
- Example 3a was repeated with a nonpolar medium consisting of a mixture of 31.5 g of HTPB and DOS to a total volume of 300 ml. The stirring rate was 600 rpm. The product was filtered off and mixed with a polymer system (HTPB) without any preceding washing, and propellant elements were prepared. Propellant elements of high strength were obtained after hardening, without any problems.
- a nonpolar medium consisting of a mixture of 31.5 g of HTPB and DOS to a total volume of 300 ml.
- the stirring rate was 600 rpm.
- the product was filtered off and mixed with a polymer system (HTPB) without any preceding washing, and propellant elements were prepared. Propellant elements of high strength were obtained after hardening, without any problems.
- HTPB polymer system
- Example 3 b was repeated with a stirring rate of 800 rpm. Prills of good quality with a size distributed around 60 ⁇ m were produced.
- Example 3c was repeated with 30 g of ADN in the nonpolar medium. In this case, the prills became smaller than in -Example 3c and were of good quality.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU97716/98A AU9771698A (en) | 1997-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Method of producing adn prills suitable for use in a polymer system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9703928A SE512396C2 (sv) | 1997-10-28 | 1997-10-28 | Sätt att framställa prills av ammoniumdinitramid (ADN) |
SE9703928-3 | 1997-10-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999021794A1 true WO1999021794A1 (fr) | 1999-05-06 |
Family
ID=20408770
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1998/001938 WO1999021795A1 (fr) | 1997-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) |
PCT/SE1998/001936 WO1999021793A1 (fr) | 1997-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) |
PCT/SE1998/001937 WO1999021794A1 (fr) | 1997-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) pouvant etre utilises dans un systeme de polymeres |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1998/001938 WO1999021795A1 (fr) | 1997-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) |
PCT/SE1998/001936 WO1999021793A1 (fr) | 1997-10-28 | 1998-10-27 | Procede de production de granules de dinitramide d'ammonium (adn) |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (3) | AU9771698A (fr) |
SE (1) | SE512396C2 (fr) |
WO (3) | WO1999021795A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8491736B2 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2013-07-23 | Herakles | Method for obtaining ADN crystals through crystallization in a viscous medium |
WO2019229385A1 (fr) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | Arianegroup Sas | Procede d'obtention de cristaux de dinitroamidure d'ammonium (adn); cristaux d'adn et les composites energetiques en contenant |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6610157B1 (en) | 2000-01-14 | 2003-08-26 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Prilled energetic particles, and process for making the same |
WO2013043099A2 (fr) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-03-28 | Ijorari Hb | Procédé pour fabriquer des particules et particules fabriquées ainsi |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5587553A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-12-24 | Thiokol Corporation | High performance pressable explosive compositions |
WO1997047571A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Procede de preparation de particules spheriques de composes energetiques |
US5759458A (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-06-02 | Thiokol Corporation | Process for the manufacture of high performance gun propellants |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5415852A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1995-05-16 | Sri International | Process for forming a dinitramide salt or acid by reaction of a salt or free acid of an N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide with a nitronium-containing compound followed by reaction of the intermediate product respectively with a base or alcohol |
JP3719614B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-26 | 2005-11-24 | 株式会社アイ・エイチ・アイ・エアロスペース | Adnの合成法 |
SE516719C2 (sv) * | 1995-08-08 | 2002-02-19 | Totalfoersvarets Forskningsins | Sätt att framställa dinitramidsyra och salter därav |
-
1997
- 1997-10-28 SE SE9703928A patent/SE512396C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-10-27 WO PCT/SE1998/001938 patent/WO1999021795A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1998-10-27 AU AU97716/98A patent/AU9771698A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-27 AU AU97715/98A patent/AU9771598A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-27 WO PCT/SE1998/001936 patent/WO1999021793A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1998-10-27 AU AU97717/98A patent/AU9771798A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-27 WO PCT/SE1998/001937 patent/WO1999021794A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5587553A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-12-24 | Thiokol Corporation | High performance pressable explosive compositions |
WO1997047571A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Procede de preparation de particules spheriques de composes energetiques |
US5759458A (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-06-02 | Thiokol Corporation | Process for the manufacture of high performance gun propellants |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8491736B2 (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2013-07-23 | Herakles | Method for obtaining ADN crystals through crystallization in a viscous medium |
WO2019229385A1 (fr) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | Arianegroup Sas | Procede d'obtention de cristaux de dinitroamidure d'ammonium (adn); cristaux d'adn et les composites energetiques en contenant |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999021795A1 (fr) | 1999-05-06 |
SE9703928L (sv) | 1999-04-29 |
SE9703928D0 (sv) | 1997-10-28 |
AU9771698A (en) | 1999-05-17 |
SE512396C2 (sv) | 2000-03-13 |
AU9771598A (en) | 1999-05-17 |
WO1999021793A1 (fr) | 1999-05-06 |
AU9771798A (en) | 1999-05-17 |
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