WO1999015939A1 - Hologramme de phase volumique et procede de production dudit hologramme - Google Patents

Hologramme de phase volumique et procede de production dudit hologramme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999015939A1
WO1999015939A1 PCT/US1998/018778 US9818778W WO9915939A1 WO 1999015939 A1 WO1999015939 A1 WO 1999015939A1 US 9818778 W US9818778 W US 9818778W WO 9915939 A1 WO9915939 A1 WO 9915939A1
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Prior art keywords
hologram
hologram according
microcavities
porous
photolysis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/018778
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English (en)
Inventor
Nikita Shelekhov
Vitaly I. Sukhanov
Alya M. Kursakova
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Corning Incorporated
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Publication date
Application filed by Corning Incorporated filed Critical Corning Incorporated
Priority to EP98946901A priority Critical patent/EP1023643A4/fr
Priority to JP2000513176A priority patent/JP2001517812A/ja
Priority to KR1020007002924A priority patent/KR20010024157A/ko
Publication of WO1999015939A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999015939A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/0005—Production of optical devices or components in so far as characterised by the lithographic processes or materials used therefor
    • G03F7/001—Phase modulating patterns, e.g. refractive index patterns
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
    • G03F7/04—Chromates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/0272—Substrate bearing the hologram
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
    • G03H1/0248—Volume holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H2001/026—Recording materials or recording processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H2001/026—Recording materials or recording processes
    • G03H2001/0264—Organic recording material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2270/00—Substrate bearing the hologram
    • G03H2270/53—Recording material dispersed into porous substrate

Definitions

  • the invention is related to holography, more particularly to volume phase holograms.
  • Volume phase holograms consisting of a polymer body with local variations of refractive index are well known. They may be recorded in layers of photopolymers or in bichromated gelatin films. [See : R. J. Collier, C.B. Burckhardt, L.H. Lin “Optical Holography,” 1971 , Academic press, New York and London]. They are usually made of organic material with low mechanical properties and low thermostability and are, thus, poorly reliable and durable. Moreover, thick layers of light sensitive materials are not available, which restricts the achievable level of spectral and angular selectivity of the recorded holograms.
  • volume holograms consisting of a porous highly siliceous body and products of photolysis of organic or inorganic light-sensitive substrate, the spatial modulation of hologram refractive index being obtained by an appropriate body structure modulation or spatial variation of the concentration of the photolysis products of the light-sensitive substrate (See : V. Sukhanov, Heterogeneous recording media, In SPIE, 1989, V. 1238, p. 226-230.
  • holograms may be as high as 10 3 ⁇ m. Moreover, they are diaracterized by a very high thermostability and they are practically shrinkproof. But such holograms have a porous structure that causes a high level of scattering in the blue-green region of spectrum. To avoid this the hologram free volume should be filled with a filling material by means of an immersion treatment. But the closer is the refractive index of the filling material to the body one, the lower is the hologram diffraction efficiency (See: S.A.
  • the object of present invention is a phase volume hologram exhibiting a remarkable increase of the hologram diffraction efficiency together with a decrease of the losses due to scattering.
  • the body pores are filled with a solid-phase polymer having a spatially modulated refractive index, the period of said refractive index modulation being the same as the period of the spatial distribution of refractive index of a volume phase hologram comprising a porous body the pores of which are filled with an organic filler of uniform refractive index.
  • the invention relates to a volume phase hologram having an interference pattern recorded in the form of local variations of refractive index, which comprises:
  • porous transparent siliceous body having a plurality of mutually interconnected microcavities or pores the mean radius of which is lower than the wavelength of the hologram recording light and the wavelength of the hologram reading light ;
  • the invention relates also to a meth ⁇ od for producing an hologram according to the invention, which comprises the following steps : a) providing a porous transparent siliceous body having a plurality of mutually interconnected microcavities or pores, the mean radius of which is lower than the wavelength of the hologram recording light and the wavelength of the hologram reading light, b) coating the walls of said microcavities with a photolysable material a photolysis product of which is a polymerization modifier for at least one predetermined polymerizable composition ; c) recording a hologram interference pattern within said material so as to leave said photolysis product distributed according to said pattern onto walls of certain of said microcavities ; d) removing any unaltered photolysable material ; e) filling the remaining free volume of said microcavities with said at least one polymerizable composition ; and f) polymerizing said composition so as to obtain a volume phase hologram made of a transparent body filled with a solid polymeric material with
  • polymerization modifier any substance which, when a polymerizable composition is polymerized in its presence, gives a polymerized material having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the polymerized material obtained by polymerizing said polymerizable composition in the absence of said polymerization modifier.
  • Fig. 1 represents schematically a volume phase hologram according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a graph of the diffraction efficiency versus the grating power of a transmission hologram, useful to explain the present invention.
  • the hologram shown in Fig. 1 consists of a porous highly siliceous body 1 , comprising a plurality of pores or microcavities having a mean radius lower than the wavelengths of the visible light, i.e. lower than about 0,4 ⁇ m.
  • the walls of certain microcavities are coated with a coating 2 having a refractive index n c , comprising a product of photolysis of a photolysable material and located in the vicinity of the maxima or minima of a recorded interference pattern.
  • the free volume of the cavities is filled with a filling material 3 having a spatially modulated refractive index, the refractive index of the filling material being equal to r> in the cavities without coating and equal to r> + ⁇ in all other cavities.
  • n A - n B F.f(n c - n f ) + F(1 -f) ⁇ (1)
  • F relative pore volume
  • f relative volume of coating in pores.
  • the first term in (1 ) describes the amplitude modulation of a porous hologram with a uniform filler, which turns into zero if ri f is equal to n c .
  • the hologram amplification may take place both in the case of a refractive index modulation of the filling material in phase with the refractive index alteration of unfilled hologram and in the case of the modulation of the same parameter being in antiphase. It is necessary only that this modulation is characterized by the same spatial period of modulation as the recorded interference pattern and that the absolute values of
  • the maximum value of the diffraction efficiency ⁇ of transmission holograms is reached at the particular value of the hologram index amplitude modulation that corresponds to the grating power ( ⁇ ) equal to:
  • the porous transparent siliceous body can be, for example, a porous glass produced by leaching a borosilicate glass (See: V.I. Sukhanov. "Porous glass as a storage medium”. Optica Applicata, 1994, v. 24, n. 1-2, pp. 13-26.), a porous glass produced by the so-called sol-gel process (See: V.I. Sukhanov et al. "Porous sol-gel glass a halographic recording medium”. In : Book of Abstracts. The VIII international Workshop on Glasses and Ceramics from Gels. 1995, Faro, Portugal, September 18-22, p. 331).
  • the porous body contains mutually interconnected microcavities or pores having a mean radius which is substantially smaller than the wavelengths of acting light (i.e : recording and reading lights), and a high surface area.
  • This fact ensures relatively low level of light scattering and, on the other hand, allows an effective impregnation with said photolysable material and, consequently, a good coating of the walls of said microcavities with said material.
  • photolysable materials for the recording of holograms are useful, for example, photolysable materials that give a photolysis produd which substantially induces complex free-radical polymerization.
  • Suitable photolysable materials are certain inorganic salts of transition metals, such as (NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 , Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 , K 2 Cr 2 O 7 and certain organometallic compounds of transition metals such as carbonyl or cydopentadienyl complexes of transition metals, for example Mn 2 (CO) ⁇ 0 , Cr(CO) 6l CcfefCO)* Mo(CO)e or Ti(cyclo ⁇ entadiene) 2 CI 2 .
  • transition metals such as (NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 , Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 , K 2 Cr 2 O 7
  • organometallic compounds of transition metals such as carbonyl or cydopentadienyl complexes of transition metals, for example Mn 2 (CO) ⁇ 0 , Cr(CO) 6l CcfefCO)* Mo(CO)e or Ti(cyclo ⁇ entadiene) 2 CI 2 .
  • the coating step can be carried out in a simple manner by dipping the porous body in a bath of a solution of the photolysable material, then by drying. If required a vacuum can be applied for assisting the impregnation.
  • photolysis of transition metal salts has been already used for hologram recording, in particular, the photolysis of Cr (VI) salts : (See : G. Manivannan et al. "Primary photoprocesses of Cr (VI) in real-time holographic recording : dichromated poly(vinyl alkohol). J. Phys. Chem., 1993, v. 97, n. 28, pp. 7228-7233). The ions of Cr (VI) are reduced into Cr (III) ions in the exposed regions of hologram.
  • the photolysable transition metal compounds When the photolysable transition metal compounds are photolysed within the porous siliceous body during the hologram recording step, their photolysis produds interad with fundional groups (such as -SiOH groups) inherently present on the siliceous surface of the microcavity walls resulting in the formation of a coating of complex molecules chemically bound to the walls of the porous body.
  • a transition metal ion-containing coating chemically bound to the walls of porous glass can be also produced with the use of organometallics compounds of transition metals as disclosed by N.F. Borelly et al., "Photochemical method to produce waveguiding in glass". IEEE. J. Of Quantum Eledronics. 1986, v. QE-22, n. 6, pp. 896-901.
  • Photoresists based on synthetic polymers can be used, in particular, poly(vinyl alcohol) (See : G. Manivanna et al. "Primary photoprocesses of Cr (VI) in real-time holographic recording : dichromated poly(vinyl alcohol). J. Phys. Chem., 1993, v. 97, n. 28, pp. 7228-7233), or on natural polymeric produds, in particular, gelatine or shellac.
  • the hologram recording is made in a conventional manner with a laser light in the visible spedrum. It is only required that the exposure energy be sufficient to generate an amount of photolysis produd suffident for allowing the latter to ad as an effedive polymerization modifier in step (f) and to give rise to a refradive index difference between the exposed and unexposed regions of the body.
  • the removing of any unaltered photolysable material can be carried out by water washing the body after step (c).
  • the filling of the remaining free volume of the microcavities with a polymerizable composition can be done by dipping the body in a dilute solution of said polymerizable composition and the polymerizing step can be performed in a conventional manner, for example by heating in an autoclave of the body soaked with the polymerizable composition.
  • the transition metal ions modifies the polymerization of a free radical polymerizable composition by influencing the stereoseledivity.
  • the packing density of the polymer chains formed in the course of the polymerization differs from that of the chains formed by a common free-radical polymerization process (without said ions) and, consequently, a polymer of different refradive index is obtained.
  • polymerizable compositions which can be used in the instant invention are polymerizable compositions based on polyol (allyl carbonate) such as diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate) marketed under the trademark CR-39®, and mixtures thereof with copoiymerizable monomers such as vinyl acetate or oligourethanes having terminal dimethacrylate fundionality ; alkyl (meth)acrylates, for example methyl methacrylate (MMA) ; vinyl - containing monomers, for example vinyl acetate (VA), styrenes and mixtures of styrene with copoiymerizable monomers such as MMA, VA, or acrylonitrile.
  • These compositions will comprise usually, in addition to the monomer(s), free-radical initiators such as peroxides or azo compounds.
  • free-radical initiators such as peroxides or azo compounds.
  • ⁇ diffradion efficiency of holograms
  • the first set of measurements ( ⁇ em) was made after exposure and development, with air in the free volume of hologram.
  • the second set of measurements corresponds to a hologram filled with a liquid filling material with refradive index equal to the refradive index of the polymer filling material which will be used in the third stage of hologram preparation.
  • the third set of measurements ( ⁇ m f) was performed after completion of the polymerization process.
  • the coefficients of hologram amplification defined as :
  • Fig. 2 represents the dependencies of the diffradion efficiency versus the grating power ( ⁇ ) : circles (•) correspond to a hologram with a polyfdiethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)] (PCR-39) filling material and squares (D) to a hologram with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) filling material.
  • Table 1 represents the coefficients of amplification for both cases.
  • coefficients K 2 of amplification of 5 to 70 times were achieved with a spatially modulated index of polymeric filling material, with resped to the same hologram with a liquid filling material of uniform index.
  • a spatially modulated polymeric filling material by filling the hologram with a spatially modulated polymeric filling material, its amplification with resped to the same hologram filled with air, is equal to - 2.0 for PCR-39 and to 4.5 for PMMA filling material.
  • Data presented in the Table 1 show also that the values of Ki and K do not essentially depend on the type of porous body and on the kind of cation (Na + or NH4 + ) in the photolysable substance.
  • the values of K, and K 2 increase with a decrease in exposure.
  • the method of preparation of a hologram according to the present invention permits to increase substantially the light-sensitivity of the hologram recording medium.
  • a porous highly siliceous glass (mean pore radius « 60-70 A ; volume fradion of pores « 30 ⁇ 1 %) was used in the form of discs of 40 mm diameter and
  • Glass of Type 1 in Table 1 This glass was obtained by acid leaching of a borosilicate glass of the following composition : SiO 2 - 61.12% ; B 2 O 3 - 28.03% ;
  • the sensitization of said porous glass was done by impregnating it with a 1.25% by weight aqueous solution of (NH ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 in an amount corresponding to a 5-6 - fold excess of the solution volume relative to the porous glass volume and at 20° C until the optical density of the impregnated porous glass reaches 0.25-0.30 at a wavelength of 488 nm. Thereupon the porous glass was dried in air at the room temperature and the pore volume was filled by immersion in isopropyl alcohol to prevent any moisture to spoil the glass.
  • a transmission hologram was recorded with the use of argon laser light (488 nm) at an angle between the recording beams of 9,2°.
  • the exposure energy was 0.5 J/cm 2 .
  • the porous body was dried in air to remove isopropyl alcohol, then washed with distilled water at 20° C for 15 h, then at 70°C for 30 min. Thereafter, water was removed from the body by drying in air ; then in a oven at 120° C for4h.
  • the filling of the porous hologram with a polymeric filling material was carried out in the following manner : The dried body with the recorded hologram was impregnated with a 2% by weight solution of a free-radical polymerization initiator (azo-bis-isobutyronitrile) in methyl methacrylate (MMA) at room temperature.
  • a free-radical polymerization initiator azo-bis-isobutyronitrile
  • Special devices were prepared in advance for carrying out the polymerization. They comprised two silicate glass discs with plane-parallel working planes having a surface of optical quality, which were wrapped at their periphery by a cellophane film (3-4 layers). The working planes of those discs were preliminary treated with dichiorodimethylsilane for decreasing the adhesion of polymer to the silicate surface of the devices. The impregnated body bearing the recorded hologram was located inside the device. Additional initiator-monomer (MMA) solution had been poured into the device so that the body was completely immersed in it. The device was placed in an autodave wherein a pressure of inert gas (Ar ou N 2 ) , 8 atm, was exerted.
  • MMA initiator-monomer
  • the polymerization process was achieved by heating the autoclave in a liquid thermostat according to the following temperature schedule : Holding at -0°C - 24 h,
  • Example 2 The diffradion efficiency of the polymer-filled body ( ⁇ mf) was measured and the value of • ⁇ fti was calculated (see step A).
  • the amplification coefficients (K 1? K 2 ) were calculated according to expression (4) and are given in Table 1.
  • Example 2 The steps 1 -6 of Example 1 were repeated except for using an exposure energy for the hologram recording equal to 3 J/cm 2 .
  • step 5 a 2% by weight initiator (benzoyi peroxide) solution in CR-39 (monomer) was used for impregnating the porous glass and for forming the polymeric filling material in the pore volume (step 5).
  • the process of polymerization was carried out by heating the autoclave in a liquid thermostat according to the following temperature schedule :
  • a porous highly siliceous glass (mean pore radius » 40 - 50 A ; volume fradion of pores « 26 ⁇ 1 %) was used (Glass of Type II in Table 1 ). It was obtained by add leaching of a borosilicate glass of the following composition in % by weight : SiO 2 - 67.5% ; B2 ⁇ 3-24.6% ; Na 2 ⁇ - 7.9% ; AI 2 O 3 - 0.5% (step 1).
  • step 2 the sensitization of the porous glass was effeded by impregnation with a 10% by weight aqueous solution of Na ⁇ C ⁇ O ? (step 2).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

L'hologramme comprend un corps siliceux poreux transparent qui présente une pluralité de microcavités ou pores mutuellement interconnectées dont le rayon moyen est inférieur à la longueur d'onde de la lumière d'enregistrement et de lecture de l'hologramme. Il comprend en outre un produit de photodécomposition d'un matériau photolytique, ledit produit étant fixé aux parois de certaines microcavités et spatialement réparti en conformité avec le moirage enregistré. Il comprend enfin un matériau polymérique solide transparent pour combler ces microcavités, ledit matériau polymérique présentant localement des variations d'indice de réfraction modulées spatialement en conformité avec le moirage enregistré, ledit produit de photodécomposition servant de modificateur de polymérisation pour une composition pouvant être polymérisée en ce matériau de remplissage polymérique.
PCT/US1998/018778 1997-09-19 1998-09-10 Hologramme de phase volumique et procede de production dudit hologramme WO1999015939A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98946901A EP1023643A4 (fr) 1997-09-19 1998-09-10 Hologramme de phase volumique et procede de production dudit hologramme
JP2000513176A JP2001517812A (ja) 1997-09-19 1998-09-10 体積位相ホログラムおよびその製造方法
KR1020007002924A KR20010024157A (ko) 1997-09-19 1998-09-10 부피 상 홀로그램 및 이의 제조방법

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU97115684 1997-09-19
RU97115684/28A RU2168707C2 (ru) 1997-09-19 1997-09-19 Объемная фазовая голограмма и способ ее получения

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JP (1) JP2001517812A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010024157A (fr)
CN (1) CN1271429A (fr)
RU (1) RU2168707C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999015939A1 (fr)

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FR2841005A1 (fr) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-19 Corning Inc Hologramme de phase epais et son procede de production

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RU2378673C1 (ru) 2008-04-03 2010-01-10 Владимир Исфандеярович Аджалов Способ визуализации изображений и устройство для его реализации

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US4173475A (en) * 1977-05-31 1979-11-06 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Latent image thick refractive index recordings
US4403031A (en) * 1981-06-25 1983-09-06 Corning Glass Works Method for providing optical patterns in glass
US4488864A (en) * 1983-08-04 1984-12-18 Corning Glass Works Integral optical device and method of making it
US4816376A (en) * 1985-04-04 1989-03-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for forming optical pattern in porous glass
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US6909528B2 (en) 2002-06-18 2005-06-21 Corning Incorporated Phase volume hologram and method for producing the phase volume hologram

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EP1023643A4 (fr) 2003-06-11
CN1271429A (zh) 2000-10-25
JP2001517812A (ja) 2001-10-09
EP1023643A1 (fr) 2000-08-02
RU2168707C2 (ru) 2001-06-10
KR20010024157A (ko) 2001-03-26

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