Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
  • C11D3/3776—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. lactam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions

Definitions

• This invention relates to dye complexing polymers, and, more particularly, to water soluble poly (vinylpyridine betaines) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt.
• the polymers herein have effective dye transfer inhibitor (DTI) properties for use, for example, in laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions.
• DTI dye transfer inhibitor
• Dye complexing polymers have been used in laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions. In such application, during washing a mixture of colored and white fabrics, some of the dyes may bleed out of a colored fabric under washing conditions. The degree of bleeding is influenced by the structure of the dye, the type of cloth and the pH, temperature and mechanical efficiency of the agitation process.
• the bled dye in the wash liquor can be totally innocuous and get washed off in the wash liquor.
• this fugitive dye has a tendency to redeposit either onto the same fabric or onto another fabric leading to patches and an ugly appearance of the washed material. This redeposition of the bled dye can be inhibited in several ways.
• One method is to introduce a DTI compound which can complex with the fugitive dye and get washed off thus preventing redeposition .
• Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) , by virtue of its dye complexation ability, has been used to inhibit dye deposition during washing of colored fabrics under laundry conditions.
• the performance of PVP as a DTI is adversely affected by the presence of anionic surfactants in the washing process.
• polymers which have been used as DTIs in laundry detergent compositions include polyvinylpyridine N-oxide (PVPNO) ; polyvinylimidazole (PVI) and copolymers of polyvinylpyridine and polyvinylimidazole (PVP-PVI) .
• PVPNO polyvinylpyridine N-oxide
• PVVI polyvinylimidazole
• PVP-PVI copolymers of polyvinylpyridine and polyvinylimidazole
• JP 53-50732 Formulas Nos . 3, 6 and (1) are water insoluble compounds and polymers used in printing ink compositions;
• PCT/US93/10542 Laundry compositions include WO 94/11473 polyamine-N-oxide and brighteners and surfactants;
• PCT/EP93/02851 PVP and PVI are present in laundry WO 94/10281 compositions
• PCT/US94/11509 Poly (4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide) (PVPNO) WO 95/13354 and copolymers of VP and VI are described;
• a feature of the invention is the provision of a water soluble poly (vinylpyridine betaine) compound containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt in laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions which compounds exhibit particularly effective dye transfer inhibition properties during the washing process even in the presence of anionic surfactants.
• the water soluble poly (vinylpyridine betaine) polymer of the invention contains a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt.
• the polymer has the formula:
• X is an anion
• R, and R 2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; n is 1-5; and
• M is a cation.
• Preferred embodiments of the invention are polymers in which X is a halide; most preferably chloride or bromide; Ri and R 2 are both hydrogen; n is 1; M is an alkali metal; preferably sodium or potassium; and the polymer is 25-100% quaternized; most preferably 75-100%.
• a preferred polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 1,000,000; preferably 20,000 to 200,000, where m is about 30-5000, preferably 100-1000.
• Water soluble copolymers of the defined polymer above with polymerizable monomers, such as vinyl ' pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole, acrylamide and vinyl caprolactam also are useful herein.
• a preferred use of the polymer and copolymers herein are laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions including in a dye transfer inhibiting amount. Generally, this amount is about 2-1000 ppm of the polymer or copolymer.
• the water soluble polymers of the invention are made by polymerizing a vinylpyridine under suitable polymerization conditions to form a poly (vinylpyridine) intermediate, and then reacting the intermediate polymer with sodium chloroacetate in an aqueous medium.
• the reaction product is a poly (vinylpyridine betaine) polymer containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt.
• any suitable solvent may be used, for example, an alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol; water; or mixtures of water and alcohol.
• the reaction temperature is about 40° to 150°C, preferably 50° to 90°C, and most preferably about 60° to 85°C.
• the polymerization initiator is a free radical initiator, such as perester, peroxide, percarbonate, or Vazo® type initiators may be used.
• the polymerization is carried out at a solids level of about 5 to 80%, preferably 20 to 50%.
• a preferred polymer* made herein is poly (4-vinylpyridine) sodium carboxymethyl betaine chloride having the formula:
• compositions according to the present invention comprise in addition to the water soluble poly (vinylpyridine betaine) polymers a ' surfactant system wherein the surfactant can be selected from nonionic and/or anionic and/or cationic and/or ampholytic and/or zwitterionic and/or semi-polar surfactants.
• Anionic surfactants may be used in the compositions of the invention without being affected by the presence of the DTI polymer therein.
• Suitable anionic surfactants include alkyl alkoxylated sulfate surfactants, water soluble salts or acids of the formula RO(A) m S0 3 M wherein R is an unsubstituted C ⁇ 0 -C 24 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having a C ⁇ 0 -C 24 alkyl component, preferably a C 12 -C 20 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, more preferably C 12 -C 18 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, A is an ethoxy or propoxy unit, m is greater than zero, typically between about 0.5 and about 6, more preferably between about 0.5 and about 3, and M is H or a cation which can be, for example, a metal cation
• substituted ammonium cations include methyl, dimethyl, trimethyl-ammonium cations and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethyl-ammonium and dimethyl piperdinium cations and those derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof, and the like.
• Exemplary surfactants are C ⁇ 2 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (1.0) sulfate (C ⁇ 2 -C 18 E (1.0)M) , C 12 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (2.25) sulfate (C ⁇ 2 -C ⁇ 8 E(2.25)M) , C ⁇ 2 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (3.0)sulfate (C 12 -C ⁇ 8 E (3.0)M) , and C 12 -C ⁇ 8 alkyl polyethoxylate (4.0) sulfate (C ⁇ 2 -C, 8 E (4.0)M) , wherein M is conveniently selected from sodium and potassium.
• Suitable anionic surfactants to be used are alkyl ester sulfonate surfactants including linear esters of C 8 -C 2 o carboxylic acids (i.e., fatty acids) which are sulfonated with gaseous S0 3 according to "The Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society", 52
• alkyl ester sulfonate surfactant especially for laundry applications, comprise alkyl ester sulfonate surfactants of the structural formula:
• R 3 is a C 8 -C 20 hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl, or combination thereof
• R 4 is a C ⁇ -C 6 hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl, or combination thereof
• M is a cation which forms a water soluble salt with the alkyl ester sulfonate.
• Suitable salt-forming cations include metals such as sodium, potassium, and lithium, and substituted or unsubstituted ammonium cations, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
• R 3 is C 10 -C 16 alkyl
• R 4 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.
• the methyl ester sulfonates wherein R 3 is C ⁇ 0 -C 16 alkyl.
• Suitable anionic surfactants include the alkyl sulfate surfactants, water soluble salts or acids of the formula ROS0 3 M wherein R preferably is a C 10 -C 24 hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having a C ⁇ 0 -C 20 alkyl component, more preferably C ⁇ 2 -C ⁇ 8 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and M is H or a cation, e.g., an alkali metal cation (e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium), or ammonium or substituted ammonium (e.g.
• R preferably is a C 10 -C 24 hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having a C ⁇ 0 -C 20 alkyl component, more preferably C ⁇ 2 -C ⁇ 8 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
• M is H or a cation, e.g., an alkali metal cation (e.g. sodium
• alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, and mixtures thereof, and the like.
• alkyl chains of C ⁇ 2 -C ⁇ 6 are preferred for lower wash temperatures (e.g. below about 50°C) and C 16 -C 18 alkyl chains are preferred for higher wash temperatures (e.g. above about 50°C) .
• anionic surfactants useful for detersive purposes can also be included in the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention.
• These can include salts (including, for example, sodium, potassium, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salts such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts) of soap, C 9 -C 20 linear alkylbenzenesulfonates, C 8 -C 22 primary or secondary alkanesulfonates, C 8 -C 24 olefinsulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxylic acids prepared by sulfonation of the pyrolyzed product of alkaline earth metal citrates, e.g., as described in British patent specification No.
• alkylpolyglycolethersulfates (containing up to 10 moles of ethylene oxide) ; alkyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, isethionates such as the acyl isethionates, N-acyl taurates, alkyl succinamates and sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated C ⁇ 2 -C ⁇ 8 monoesters) and diesters of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated C 6 -C ⁇ diesters), acyl sarcosinates, sulfates of alkylpolysaccharides such as
• Resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids are also suitable, such as rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids present in or derived from tall oil. Further examples are described in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch) . A variety of such surfactants are also generally disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, issued Dec. 30, 1975 to Laughlin, et al. at Column 23, line 58 through Column 29, line 23 (herein incorporated by reference) .
• the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention typically comprise from about 5% to about 50%, preferably from about 10% to about 40% by weight of such anionic surfactants .
• the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention may also contain nonionic, cationic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, and semi- polar surfactants, as well as nonionic surfactants other than those already described herein.
• Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols are suitable for use as the nonionic surfactant of the surfactant systems of the present invention, with the polyethylene oxide condensates being preferred.
• These compounds include the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, preferably from about 8 to about 14 carbon atoms, in either a straight-chain or branched-chain configuration with the alkylene oxide.
• the ethylene oxide is present in an amount equal to from about 1 to about 25 moles, more preferably from about 3 to about 15 moles, of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
• nonionic surfactants of this type include TritonTM X-45, X-114, X-100 and X-102, all marketed by the Rohm & Haas Company. These surfactants are commonly referred to as alkylphenol alkoxylates (e.g., alkyl phenol ethoxylates) .
• the condensation products of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols with from about 1 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide are suitable for use as the nonionic surfactant of the nonionic surfactant systems of the present invention.
• the alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohol can either be straight or branched, primary or secondary, and generally contains from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• nonionic surfactants of this type include TergitolTM 15-S-9 (the condensation product of Cn-C 15 linear alcohol with 9 moles ethylene oxide) , TergitolTM 24-L-6 NMW (the condensation product of C 12 -C1 primary alcohol with 6 moles ethylene oxide with a narrow molecular weight distribution) , both marketed by Union Carbide Corporation; NeodolTM 45-9 (the condensation product of C1 4 -C1 5 linear alcohol with 9 moles of ethylene oxide), NeodolTM 23-6.5 (the condensation product of C ⁇ 2 -C ⁇ 3 linear alcohol with 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide) , NeodolTM 45-7 (the condensation product of C1 4 -C1 5 linear alcohol with 7 moles of ethylene oxide) , NeodolTM 45-4 (the condensation product of C ⁇ 4 -C ⁇ S linear alcohol with 4 moles of ethylene oxide) marketed by Shell Chemical Company, and KyroTM EOB (the condensation product of C1 3 -C1 5
• nonionic surfactant of the surfactant systems of the present invention are the alkylpolysaccharides disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,565,647, Llenado, issued Jan. 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic group containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, e.g. a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group containing from about 1.3 to about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7 saccharide units.
• a polysaccharide e.g. a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group containing from about 1.3 to about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7 saccharide units.
• Any reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, e.g., glucose, galactose and galactosyl moieties can be substituted for the glucosyl moieties (optionally the hydrophobic group is attached at the 2-, 3-, 4-, etc. positions thus giving a glucose or galactose as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside) .
• the • intersaccharide bonds can be, e.g., between the one position of the additional saccharide units and the 2-, 3-, 4-, and/or 6- positions on the preceding saccharide units.
• the preferred alkyleneoxide is ethylene oxide.
• hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, either saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched containing from about 8 to about 18, preferably from about 10 to about 16, carbon atoms, Preferably, the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group.
• the alkyl group can contain up to about 3 hydroxy groups and/or the polyalkyleneoxide chain can contain up to about 10, preferably less than 5, alkyleneoxide moieties.
• Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are octyl, nonyldecyl, undecyldodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, and octadecyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, glucoses, fructosides, fructoses and/or galactoses .
• Suitable mixtures include coconut alkyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentaglucosides and tallow alkyl tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides.
• the preferred alkylpolyglycosides have the formula
• R 2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which the alkyl groups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14, carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3, preferably 2; t is from 0 to about 10, preferably 0; and x is from about 1.3 to about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7.
• the glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose. To prepare these compounds, the alcohol or alkylpolyethoxyalcohol is formed first and then reacted with glucose, or a source of glucose, to form the glucoside (attachment at the 1-position) . The additional glycosyl units can then be attached between their 1-position and the preceding glycosyl units 2-, 3-, 4- and/or 6-position, preferably predominately the 2-position.
• condensation products of ethylene ⁇ oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol are also suitable for use as the additional nonionic surfactant of the nonionic surfactant systems of the present invention.
• the hydrophobic portion of these compounds will preferably have a molecular weight of from about 1500 to about 1800 and will exhibit water insolubility.
• the addition of polyoxyethylene moieties to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the molecule as a whole, and the liquid character of the product is retained up to the point where the polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product, which corresponds to condensation with up to about 40 moles of ethylene oxide.
• Examples of compounds of this type include certain of the commercially-available PluronicTM surfactants, marketed by BASF.
• nonionic surfactant of the nonionic surfactant system of the present invention are the condensation products of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.
• the hydrophobic moiety of these products consists of the reaction product of ethylenediamine and excess propylene oxide, and generally has a molecular weight of from about 2500 to about 3000.
• This hydrophobic moiety is condensed with ethylene oxide to the extent that the condensation product contains from about 40% to about 80% by weight of polyoxyethylene and has a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 11,000.
• this type of nonionic surfactant include certain of the commercially available TetronicTM compounds, marketed by BASF.
• nonionic surfactant of the surfactant systems of the present invention are polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, condensation products of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols with from about 1 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide, alkylpolysaccharides, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred are C 8 -C ⁇ alkyl phenol ethoxylates having from 3 to 15 ethoxy groups and C 8 -C ⁇ 8 alcohol ethoxylates (preferably C 10 avg.) having from 2 to 10 ethoxy groups, and mixtures thereof.
• Highly preferred nonionic surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amine surfactants.
• nonionic surfactants are poly hydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants of the formula
• R 2 -C-N-Z 0 R 1 wherein R 1 is H, or R 1 is C 1-4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or a mixture thereof, R 2 is C 5 . 31 hydrocarbyl, and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof.
• R 1 is methyl
• R 2 is a straight C 1 - 15 alkyl or alkenyl chain such as coconut alkyl or mixtures thereof, and maltose, lactose, in a reductive amination reaction.
• the level of non-ionic surfactant is from 1 wt% to 35 wt%.
• the ratio of anionic to non-ionic surfactant is from 7:3 to 90:1, preferably 3:1 to 60:1.
• the total amount of surfactant present will also depend on the intended use and may be as high as 65 wt%. However, for machine washing fabrics, an amount of 5 to 40 wt% is most appropriate.
• Preferred cationic surfactant systems include nonionic and ampholytic surfactants.
• Cationic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention are those having one long-chain hydrocarbyl group. Examples of such cationic surfactants include the ammonium surfactants such as alkyldimethylammonium halogenides, and those surfactants having the formula:
• R 2 is an alkyl or alkyl benzyl group having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
• each R 3 is selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) -, -CH 2 CH (CH 2 OH) -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, and mixtures thereof
• each R 4 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C 4 alkyl, C1-C 4 hydroxyalkyl, benzyl ring structures formed by joining the two R 4 groups, -CH 2 CHOHCHOHCOR 6 CHOHCH 2 OH- wherein R 6 is any hexose or hexose polymer having a molecular weight less than about 1000, and hydrogen when y is not 0
• R 5 is the same as R 4 or is an alkyl chain wherein the total number of carbon atoms of R 2 plus R 5 is not more than about 18
• each y is from 0 to
• the detergent compositions of the invention will generally also contain one or more detergency builders.
• the total amount of detergency builder in the compositions will suitably range from 5 to 80 wt%, preferably from 10 to 60 wt% .
• Inorganic builders that may be present include sodium carbonate, if desired in combination with a crystallization seed for calcium carbonate, as disclosed in GB 1 437 950 (Unilever) ; crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates, for example, zeolites as disclosed in GB 1 473 201 (Henkel) , amorphous aluminosilicates as disclosed in GB 1 473 202 (Henkel) and mixed crystalline/amorphous aluminosilicates as disclosed in GB 1 470 250 (Procter & Gamble) ; and layered silicates as disclosed in EP 164 514B (Hoechst) .
• Inorganic phosphate builders for example, sodium orthophosphate, pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate are also suitable for use with this invention.
• the detergent compositions of the invention preferably contain an alkali metal, preferably sodium, aluminosilicate builder.
• Sodium aluminosilictes may generally be incorporated in amounts of from 10 to 70% by weight (anhydrous basis), preferably from 25 to 50 wt%.
• the alkali metal aluminosilicate may be either crystalline or amorphous or mixtures thereof, having the general formula:
• 0.8-1.5 Na 2 0. A1 2 0 3 . 0.8-6 Si0 2 These materials contain some bound water and are required to have a calcium ion exchange capacity of at least 50 mg CaO/g.
• the preferred sodium aluminosilicates contain 1.5-3.5 Si0 2 units (in the formula above) . both the amorphous and the crystalline materials can be prepared readily by reaction between sodium silicate and sodium aluminate, as amply described in the literature.
• Suitable crystalline sodium aluminosilicate ion-exchange detergency builders are described, for example, in GB 1 429 143 (Procter & Gamble) .
• the preferred sodium aluminosilicates of this type are the well-known commercially available zeolites A and X, and mixtures thereof.
• the zeolite may be the commercially available zeolite 4A now widely used in laundry detergent powders.
• the zeolite builder incorporated in the compositions of the invention is maximum aluminum zeolite P (zeolite MAP) as described and claimed in EP 384 070A (Unilever) .
• Zeolite MAP is defined as an alkali metal aluminosilicate of the zeolite P type having a silicon to aluminum ratio not exceeding 1.33, preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.33, and more preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.20.
• zeolite MAP having a silicon to aluminum ratio not exceeding 1.07, more preferably about 1.00.
• the calcium binding capacity of zeolite MAP is generally at least 150 mg CaO per g of anhydrous material.
• Organic builders that may be present include polycarboxylate polymers such as polyacrylates, acrylic/maleic copolymers, and acrylic phosphinates; monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, oxydisuccinates, glycerol mono-, di- and trisuccinates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates, carboxymethyloxymalonates, dipicolinates, hydroxyethyliminodiacetates, alkyl- and alkenylmalonates and succinates; and sulphonated fatty acid salts. This list is not intended to be exhaustive.
• polycarboxylate polymers such as polyacrylates, acrylic/maleic copolymers, and acrylic phosphinates
• monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, oxydisuccinates, glycerol mono-, di- and trisuccinates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates, carboxymethyloxymalonates, dipicolinates,
• Especially preferred organic builders are citrates, suitably used in amounts of from 5 to 30 wt%, preferably from 10 to 25 wt%; and acrylic polymers, more especially acrylic/maleic copolymers, suitably used in amounts of from 0.5 to 15 wt%, preferably from 1 to 10 wt%.
• Builders both inorganic and organic, are preferably present in alkali metal salt, especially sodium salt, form.
• the detergent compositions according to the present invention can be in liquid, paste or granular forms. Such compositions can be prepared by combining the essential and optional components in the requisite concentrations in any suitable order and by an y conventional means.
• Granular compositions are generally made by combining base granule ingredients (e.g. surfactants, builders, water, etc.) as a slurry, and spray drying the resulting slurry to a low level of residual moisture (5-12%) .
• the remaining dry ingredients can be admixed in granular powder form with the spray dried granules in a rotary mixing drum and the liquid ingredients (e.g. enzymes, binders and perfumes) can be sprayed onto the resulting granules to form the finished detergent composition.
• Granular compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", i.e. they may have a relatively higher density than conventional granular detergents, i.e. from 550 to 950 g/1.
• the granular detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of "inorganic filler salt", compared to conventional granular detergents; typical filler salts are alkaline earth metal salts of sulphates and chlorides, ' typically sodium sulphate; "compact" detergents typically comprise not more than 10% filler salt.
• Liquid detergent compositions can be prepared by admixing the essential and optional ingredients thereof in any desired order to provide compositions containing components in the requisite concentrations.
• Liquid compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", in such case, the liquid detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of water, compared to conventional liquid detergents.
• a 1-liter, 4-necked resin kettle was fitted with an anchor agitator, a nitrogen purge adaptor, a thermometer, two subsurface feeding tubes connected with two feeding pumps, and a reflux condenser.
• the kettle was charged with 150 g of 4-vinylpyridine and 150 g of isopropanol. Nitrogen purging was started and continued throughout the process as was agitation at 200 rp . Then the reactants were heated to 80°C in 20 minutes and held at that for 30 minutes. Then 390 microliter of t-butyl peroxypivalate (Lupersol® 11) was charged. The solution polymerization reaction was carried out at 80°C for 2 hours.
• Example 3 The process of Example 1 was repeated using 83 g of sodium chloroacetate. A similar product was obtained.
• t-butyl peroxypivalate Liupersol® 11
• Example 4 was repeated using 25 g of 4-vinylpyridine, 75 g of vinylpyrrolidone and 27.7 g of sodium chloroacetate, with similar results .
• Example 1 was repeated using 186.5 g of sodium 2-chloro- propionate in place of sodium chloroacetate with similar results.
• EXAMPLE 7 Example 1 was repeated using 186. 5 g of sodium 1-chloro- propionate with similar results .
• a 1-1, 4-necked resin kettle, fitted with anchor agitator, a nitrogen purge adaptor, a thermometer and a reflux condenser was charged with 150 g of 4-vinylpyridine and 150 g of isopropanol.
• the reactants were heated from ambient temperature (20-25°C) to 80°C in 20 minutes and held at 80°C for 30 minutes.
• 0.1% (based on total weight of monomers) of t-butyl peroxypivalate (Lupersol 11) was charged into the kettle and the reaction temperature was held at 80°C for 2 hours.
• 0.05% (based on total weight of monomers) of Lupersol® 11 was added every 2 hours at 80°C until residual 4-vinylpyridine was reduced to less than 2%.
• reaction mixture was cooled to 40°C and 250 g of water and 57.2 g of sodium hydroxide were mixed and charged. Then 135.1 g of chloroacetic acid was pumped into the reactor by melting chloroacetic acid. The mixture was heated to remove the distillate, and water was added while removing distillate until all the ethanol was removed.
• the test was carried out on a composition containing 10 ppm of the polymer, 10 ppm of a dye and 1 g/1 of a laundry detergent which contained a mixture of both an anionic and a nonionic surfactant.
• the solution was diluted with water to 1-1.
• Example 1 (Polymer A; 100% quat) 6.6
• Example 5 (Copolymer of VPyr + VP; 14.3
• the dye was Direct Blue No. 1 TEST RESULTS FOR SOIL ANTI-REDEPOSITION
• the effectiveness of the polymers of the invention, to prevent redeposition of soil in a laundry detergent composition was tested against control and other known polymers in a test simulating actual laundry washing conditions. The test was carried out on a composition containing 2 gm/L of Dust Sebum and 50 ppm of the polymer in solution. The solution was diluted with water to 1-1.
• fabric softening compositions are provided in the form of liquid, preferably aqueous, compositions comprising:
• DTI water-soluble polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agent
• the balance comprising a liquid carrier, preferably water; wherein the liquid compositions are essentially free of aerosol propellants.
• the present invention also comprises dryer-added fabric softener compositions comprising:
• polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agent selected from (A), (B) , (C) , and (D) , above;
• a dispensing means which provides for release of an effective amount of said composition to fabrics.
• Solid, particulate fabric softening compositions of the present invention typically comprise. I. from about 20% to about 90%, preferably from about 30% to about 70%, of fabric softening agent;
• dye transfer inhibiting agent also selected from (A), (B) , (c) , and (D) , above.
• Fabric Softening Agents The amount of fabric softening agent (fabric softener) in liquid compositions of this invention is typically from about 3% to about 50%, preferably from about 4% to about 30%, by weight of the composition.
• the lower limits are amounts needed to contribute effective fabric softening performance when added to laundry rinse baths in the manner which is customary in home laundry practice.
• the higher limits are suitable for concentrated products which provide the consumer with more economical usage due to a reduction of packaging and distributing costs.
• liquid softener compositions when added to the rinse cycle of an automatic laundry operation, show dye transfer inhibition in the subsequent wash cycle.
• Example 9 The composition of Example 9 is made by the following procedures :
• Fabric Conditioning Substrate Articles The following fabric conditioning compositions and substrate articles, when added to the tumble dryer with the wet laundry load, show dye transfer inhibition in the subsequent wash cycle.
• EXAMPLE 10 Preparation of the Coating Mix An approximately 200 gram batch of the coating mix is prepared as follows. An amount of about 160 g of ditallowdimethylammonium chloride (DTDMAC) is melted at 80°C. The calcium bentonite clay (about 8 g of Bentolite L, available from Southern Clay Co.) is slowly added to the mixture with high shear mixing. During the mixing, the mixture is kept molten in a boiling water bath. About 32 g of Polymer A (75% quat) is then slowly added to the mixture with high shear mixing, and the formula is mixed until the mixture is smooth and homogenous .
• DTDMAC ditallowdimethylammonium chloride
• the calcium bentonite clay about 8 g of Bentolite L, available from Southern Clay Co.
• the coating mixture is applied to preweighed nonwoven substrate sheets of about 9 inch x 11 inch (approximately 23 cm x 28 cm) dimensions.
• the substrate sheets are comprised of 70% 3-denier, 1- 9/16-inch (approximately 4 cm) long rayon fibers with 30% polyvinyl acetate binder.
• the substrate weight is about 16 g per square yard (about 1.22 g/sheet) .
• a small amount of formula is placed on a heated metal plate with a spatula and then is spread evenly with a wire metal rod.
• a nonwoven substrate sheet is placed on the metal plate to absorb the coating mixture. The sheet is then removed from the heated metal plate and allowed to cool to room temperature so that the coating mix can solidify.
• the sheet is weighed to determine the amount of coating mixture on the sheet.
• the target coating is 2.0 g per sheet. If the weight is in excess of the target weight, the sheet is placed back on the heated metal plate to re elt the coating mixture and remove some of the excess. If the weight is under the target weight, the sheet is also placed on the heated metal plate and more coating mixture is added.
• EXAMPLE 11 Preparation of the Coating Mix and Fabric Conditioning Sheets A first blend of about 11.89 parts octadecyldimethylamine (Ethyl Corporation), 8.29 parts C 12 -i 4 fatty acid (The Procter & Gamble Co.), and 10.69 parts C ⁇ 6 .
• 18 fatty acid (Emery Industries, Inc.) are melted together at 80°C, and a second blend of about 19.32 parts sorbitan monostearate (Mazer Chemicals, Inc.) and 19.32 parts ditallowdimethylammonium methylsulfate, DTDMAMS, (Sherex Chemical Co.) are melted together to form the softener component of the composition during which time the mixture is kept molten in a boiling water bath.
• the calcium bentonite clay (3.86 parts Bentolite L, available from Southern Clay Co.) is then slowly added to the mixture while high shear mixing. An amount of about 26.62 parts of Polymer A is then added in small portions, and the formula is mixed until the mixture is smooth and completely homogenous.
• the coating mixture is applied to preweighed nonwoven substrate sheets as in Example 10.
• the target coating is 2.33 g per sheet.
• Each sheet contains about 1.62 g of softener, about 0.09 g of clay, and about 0.62 g of Polymer A.
• the invention polymers has been described as an additive in a laundry detergent and fabric softener composition, it will be understood that they can be used in other applications which require anti-deposition properties. Accordingly, the water soluble polymers of the invention can be used effectively to inhibit dirt or soil redeposition in institutional, household and industrial cleaners, and textile applications, for example.
• the following is a list of suitable uses for the polymers and copolymers of the invention: soil anti-redeposition; digital printing ink application; textile dye stripping; textile dye strike rate control; flocculating agent; adhesive; ion-exchange/membranes; removal of trace metals from water (Hg, Cd, Cu, Ni) /water softening agent; colloidal stabilization; pumping oil from underground reservoirs; personal care market, shampoos and hair conditioner; cleaners and dish washing detergents, rinse aids; water treatment to prevent hot water salts from precipitation on sides of the wall; and pigment dispersion.

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• 1998
  • 1998-09-08 EP EP98946875A patent/EP1023430B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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