WO1999014966A2 - Ameliorations apportees a la mesure de l'intensite du trafic en radiotelephonie mobile numerique - Google Patents

Ameliorations apportees a la mesure de l'intensite du trafic en radiotelephonie mobile numerique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999014966A2
WO1999014966A2 PCT/SE1998/001610 SE9801610W WO9914966A2 WO 1999014966 A2 WO1999014966 A2 WO 1999014966A2 SE 9801610 W SE9801610 W SE 9801610W WO 9914966 A2 WO9914966 A2 WO 9914966A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gsm
traffic
radio
analyser
intensity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1998/001610
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1999014966A3 (fr
Inventor
Bo Olsson
Svante Widell
Mats Olof Winroth
Johan Zetterblad
Original Assignee
Telia Ab (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telia Ab (Publ) filed Critical Telia Ab (Publ)
Priority to EP98944382A priority Critical patent/EP1038410A2/fr
Priority to EEP200000136A priority patent/EE04083B1/xx
Publication of WO1999014966A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999014966A2/fr
Publication of WO1999014966A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999014966A3/fr
Priority to NO20001303A priority patent/NO326767B1/no

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, measuring the traffic intensity in mobile radio telephony systems, particularly GSM mobile radio telephony systems, at given locations.
  • the new capacity i.e. the new base stations
  • the new capacity should be installed where they can take over a heavy traffic load from the existing network.
  • the cost of a base station including project planning, local lease, and installation, is very high and that a badly positioned base station, which does not take the expected traffic, will not generate sufficient revenues to cover the costs associated with installation. Badly siting a base station may lead to a need for further investments in sites and base stations becoming necessary, in order to boost traffic capacity in the area concerned.
  • a cellular mobile radio telephony system such as a GSM system
  • a traffic profile for a specific area can be measured and this provides network planners with a basis for making their decision.
  • the present invention enables traffic carried by all operators in a given area to be logged simultaneously. This gives a better statistical basis for the results and, at the same time, yields information about areas where a network operator has no coverage but his competitor's networks do.
  • the TDMA structure itself provides a significant difficulty to measuring
  • the GSM modulation frequency spectrum is located in a branch channel suppressed by only 18 dB. This means that a strong signal in a branch channel may be wrongly estimated as traffic in the channel concerned. Since the spectrum sweep is not synchronised to the traffic of all mobiles, because the base stations in most GSM networks are not synchronised, 0 this means that one call can be logged twice in the same sweep.
  • DTX Discontinuous Transmission
  • the use of this function means that the transmitter, in a mobile radio telephony system, is active only when the 5 user speaks into the mobile telephone. This, in turn, means that the signal intensity for one call will only be logged for around half the time a call is active when DTX is activated.
  • Mobiles in the measurement area may 30 have different power outputs. This leads to judgements of the size of the take up area, i.e. the area in which a mobile transceiver must be located in order for its traffic to be registered, being somewhat poorer than would be the case if all mobiles transmitted at the same power.
  • a method of measuring traffic intensity in a digital mobile radio telephony system characterised by using a spectrum analyser to measure a radio spectrum for radio emissions at one, or more, locations using a rapid frequency sweep within a frequency band assigned to said digital mobile radio telephony system.
  • a method of measuring traffic intensity in a GSM digital mobile radio telephony system characterised by using a spectrum analyser to measure a radio spectrum for radio emissions from said system, and by said spectrum analyser employing a rapid frequency sweep so that each channel of said GSM digital mobile radio telephony system is measured during a time period which is less than a GSM time gap.
  • Said method may be adapted to measure traffic intensity in all GSM systems carrying traffic at a given location at which measurements are performed.
  • Uplink radio transmissions from mobile transceivers may be measured using said spectrum analyser.
  • Said method may include the following steps:
  • Said plurality of points may be seven points.
  • Said user set threshold value may be varied to vary an area of take up for radio emissions from mobile transceivers.
  • Sweeps of said spectrum analyser may be synchronised to said GSM TDMA time gaps and traffic may be measured on each channel in a total of eight sweeps by said spectrum analyser.
  • Said spectrum analyser sweeps may not be synchronised to said GSM TDMA gaps and traffic may be measured on each channel by making a large number of sweeps with said frequency analyser.
  • a detected signal intensity in two adjacent channels may be recorded as a single call and a calibration factor, K1, may be employed to correct measurements of traffic intensity to allow for cases in which two adjacent channels carry separate calls.
  • a calibration factor, K2 may be used to correct for under reading of traffic intensity caused by discontinuous transmission.
  • K2 may be set equal to 2.
  • Said calibration factors, K1 and K2 may be calibrated for a network under investigation by performing measurements in a network cell with limited propagation and placing an antenna connected to said spectrum analyser near an antenna of a base station serving said cell.
  • Said method may be applied to measure traffic intensity at a large number of points in a selected area thereby facilitating production of a traffic profile for said area.
  • apparatus for measuring traffic intensity in a GSM digital mobile radio telephony system characterised in that said apparatus includes a spectrum analyser, connected via a radio receiver to a receiving antenna, for measuring the radio spectrum of emissions from said system and sweep means for causing said spectrum analyser to rapidly sweep through frequencies in a GSM radio band so that each channel of said GSM digital mobile radio telephony system is measured during a time period which is less than a GSM time gap.
  • Said apparatus may be adapted to measure traffic intensity in all GSM systems carrying traffic at a given location at which measurements are performed.
  • Said apparatus may be adapted to measure uplink radio transmissions from mobile transceivers.
  • Said sweep means may be adapted to make frequency sweeps over selected GSM channels in a GSM frequency band; said frequency analyser's sweep time may be adapted to be set so that each GSM channel is measured at a plurality of points during a time interval which is less than one GSM TDMA time gap; and detector means may be provided to determine whether, or not, the signal intensity measured at said plurality of points exceeds a user set threshold value.
  • Means may be provided to vary said user set threshold value so that an area of take up for radio emissions, from mobile transceivers, can be varied.
  • Synchronising means may be provided to synchronise sweeps of said spectrum analyser to said GSM TDMA time gaps and said spectrum analyser and sweep means may be adapted to measure traffic on each channel in a total of eight sweeps of said spectrum analyser.
  • a detected signal intensity in two adjacent channels may be recorded as a single call and first compensation means may be provided to apply a calibration factor K1 to correct measurements of traffic intensity to allow for cases in which two adjacent channels carry separate calls.
  • Second compensation means may be provided to apply a calibration factor, K2, to correct for under reading of traffic intensity caused by discontinuous transmission.
  • K2 may be set equal to 2.
  • Calibration means may be provided to facilitate calibration of said apparatus for a network under investigation, by performing measurements in a network cell with limited propagation, said antenna being locatable near an antenna of a base station serving said cell.
  • Said apparatus may be adapted to measure traffic intensity at a large number of points in a selected area thereby facilitating production of a traffic profile for said area.
  • a method of selecting a site for a GSM base station from a plurality of possible base station sites characterised by basing said selection, at least in part, on data derived from the method, as set out in any preceding paragraph, or data derived by use of the apparatus as set out in any preceding paragraph.
  • a method of determining antenna placement for a GSM base station characterised in that the method set out in any preceding paragraph, or the apparatus set out in any preceding paragraph, is used to measure traffic intensity for at least some possible antenna placements.
  • Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to measurement of traffic intensity in a GSM mobile radio telephone system.
  • the measurement technique of the present invention is based on using a spectrum analyser to measure the radio spectrum in the GSM band.
  • the spectrum sweep is made sufficiently fast so that each channel is measured during a time period of a duration which is no longer than a GSM time gap, i.e. 0.577 ms.
  • the method of measurement of the present invention must overcome four basic problems. The manner in which these problems are overcome in the present invention is discussed below.
  • the first problem to be overcome relates to the intrinsic structure of the
  • the TDMA radio transmission in the uplink on a frequency channel is measured using the following methodology:
  • the spectrum analyser is set so that it makes frequency sweeps over the required channels in the frequency band.
  • the sweep time is set so that each 200 kHz channel is measured in, for example, 7 points, during a time interval which is one TDMA time gap long, i.e. 0.577 ms. This implies that one sweep contains information as to whether there is radio signal traffic over one time gap for each frequency channel in the selected frequency range.
  • a 200 kHz GSM channel is thus measured in 0.577 ms, i.e. in a time interval which is one time gap long, after which the following GSM channel is measured in the next 0.577 ms, etc..
  • the measured signal is recorded as traffic and logged in a file.
  • the threshold value By varying the threshold value, the area of the take up area can be varied.
  • the sweeps can be synchronised to time gaps in the TDMA frame structure, the traffic on each frequency channel can be measured with eight sweeps.
  • An absence of synchronisation can be compensated for by making a large number of sweeps, since an arbitrary time gap is encountered during each sweep. That is to say, if a sufficiently large number of sweeps are made, measurements will be performed over each time gap for about one eighth of the sweeps.
  • the GSM modulation frequency spectrum is in a branch channel suppressed by only 18 dB. This means that a strong signal in a branch channel may be wrongly estimated as traffic in the channel concerned. Since the spectrum sweep is not synchronised to the traffic of all mobiles, because the base stations in most GSM networks are not synchronised, there is a risk that one call can be logged twice in the same sweep. To avoid one signal during one sweep being recorded as a call twice, in two branch channels, the signal intensity in two adjacent channels is recorded as one call. This means that a call may not always be recorded. This problem increases, somewhat, with traffic loading on surrounding base stations. However, it can be compensated by using a calibration factor K1.
  • GSM mobile telephony systems employ DTX (Discontinuous Transmission).
  • this function means that a mobile transmitter is active only when the user speaks into the mobile telephone. This means that logging of the signal intensity for one call is performed for only around half the time when DTX is activated.
  • the error introduced by DTX into the measurements i.e. the channel not being used the whole time, can be compensated by introducing a calibration factor K2, which scales up the measured value to give the correct traffic intensity.
  • K2 a calibration factor
  • Mobiles in the measurement area may be coupled to different base stations and may, consequently, have different outputs. This means that judgements relating to the size of the take up area may be suspect. Simulations have, however, shown that this phenomenon has little effect on the possibility of hitting a high traffic point in the network. The simulations showed that the traffic intensity levels and resolution only changed to a minor degree.
  • the compensation factors must be calibrated for the network concerned. Calibration can be performed on a cell with limited propagation, where the measurement apparatus of the present invention has its antenna placed near the antenna of the base station concerned.
  • the take up area for the measurement can be selected.
  • a high threshold value gives information on a small area, since only the very closest mobiles give a sufficiently high signal intensity, whereas for a low thresh ld value traffic in a larger area is recorded.
  • the present invention has three principle applications, namely:
  • a traffic profile for that area can be created which makes it possible to see where traffic is generated.
  • the present invention can facilitate decisions on the choice between a few conceivable sites, if the designer has a number of places available for a new base station site, the present invention can be used to provide information on which of the available BTS sites will take most traffic.
  • the present invention can be used to examine the traffic intensity for different antenna placements.
  • GSM TDMA networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Transmission In General (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de mesure de l'intensité du trafic dans un système radiotéléphonique mobile numérique GSM, dans lequel on utilise un analyseur de spectre pour mesurer un spectre radio afin de déterminer les émissions radio d'un système. L'analyseur de spectre utilise un balayage de fréquences rapide de sorte que chaque voie dudit système radiotéléphonique mobile numérique GSM soit mesurée pendant un laps de temps inférieur à l'intervalle GSM. Les mesures s'effectuent sur les transmissions radio dans le sens montant provenant des émetteurs-récepteurs mobiles. Ledit procédé peut être utilisé pour la mesure de l'intensité du trafic dans tous les systèmes GSM présentant un certain trafic en un point donné. Ledit procédé consiste à: régler l'analyseur de fréquence de sorte que les balayages de fréquences soient assurés dans les voies GSM sélectionnées dans une bande de fréquences GSM; régler le temps de balayage de l'analyseur de fréquences de sorte que pour chaque voie GSM une intensité de signal soit mesurée en plusieurs points pendant un intervalle de temps inférieur à l'intervalle AMRT GSM; et si l'intensité de signal mesurée en plusieurs points dépasse une valeur seuil fixée par l'utilisateur, enregistrer le signal mesuré comme représentatif du trafic.
PCT/SE1998/001610 1997-09-17 1998-09-10 Ameliorations apportees a la mesure de l'intensite du trafic en radiotelephonie mobile numerique WO1999014966A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98944382A EP1038410A2 (fr) 1997-09-17 1998-09-10 Ameliorations apportees a la mesure de l'intensite du trafic en radiotelephonie mobile numerique
EEP200000136A EE04083B1 (et) 1997-09-17 1998-09-10 Aparatuur ja meetod liikluse intensiivsuse mõõtmiseks digitaalses mobiiltelefoniside ning GSM süsteemis ja tugijaama asukoha valiku ning antenni asukoha määramise meetod GSM süsteemis
NO20001303A NO326767B1 (no) 1997-09-17 2000-03-14 Fremgangsmate og apparat til a male trafikkintensitet i digital mobilradiotelefoni

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9703350-0 1997-09-17
SE9703350A SE517839C2 (sv) 1997-09-17 1997-09-17 Metod och anordning för att mäta trafikintensiteten i ett digitalt mobiltelefonsystem

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999014966A2 true WO1999014966A2 (fr) 1999-03-25
WO1999014966A3 WO1999014966A3 (fr) 1999-07-01

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PCT/SE1998/001610 WO1999014966A2 (fr) 1997-09-17 1998-09-10 Ameliorations apportees a la mesure de l'intensite du trafic en radiotelephonie mobile numerique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1038410A2 (fr)
EE (1) EE04083B1 (fr)
NO (1) NO326767B1 (fr)
SE (1) SE517839C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999014966A2 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994005098A1 (fr) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-03 Televerket Procede d'estimation de la densite du trafic dans les reseaux de telephone mobile
WO1994006222A1 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-17 Telia Ab Procede et configuration permettant une meilleure planification des cellules dans les reseaux de radiotelecommunications mobiles
US5465390A (en) * 1992-02-14 1995-11-07 France Telecom Method for laying out the infrastructure of a cellular communications network

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5465390A (en) * 1992-02-14 1995-11-07 France Telecom Method for laying out the infrastructure of a cellular communications network
WO1994005098A1 (fr) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-03 Televerket Procede d'estimation de la densite du trafic dans les reseaux de telephone mobile
WO1994006222A1 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-17 Telia Ab Procede et configuration permettant une meilleure planification des cellules dans les reseaux de radiotelecommunications mobiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9703350D0 (sv) 1997-09-17
NO20001303L (no) 2000-05-15
SE517839C2 (sv) 2002-07-23
EE200000136A (et) 2001-02-15
NO326767B1 (no) 2009-02-16
NO20001303D0 (no) 2000-03-14
WO1999014966A3 (fr) 1999-07-01
EP1038410A2 (fr) 2000-09-27
EE04083B1 (et) 2003-06-16
SE9703350L (sv) 1999-03-18

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