WO1999009271A1 - A roof, a component for a roof, and a method for the installation of a roof - Google Patents
A roof, a component for a roof, and a method for the installation of a roof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999009271A1 WO1999009271A1 PCT/DK1998/000355 DK9800355W WO9909271A1 WO 1999009271 A1 WO1999009271 A1 WO 1999009271A1 DK 9800355 W DK9800355 W DK 9800355W WO 9909271 A1 WO9909271 A1 WO 9909271A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rafters
- sheet
- roof
- insulation material
- vapour
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
- E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
- E04B1/7666—Connection of blankets or batts to the longitudinal supporting elements
- E04B1/767—Blankets or batts with connecting flanges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
- E04D12/002—Sheets of flexible material, e.g. roofing tile underlay
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
- E04D13/1625—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for supporting the insulating material between the purlins or rafters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the construction of buildings and housings.
- the invention more particularly relates to structures which form part of buildings or houses and to components used herein.
- the invention still more particularly relates to components adapted for establishing barriers against the transverse passage of heat, of liquids, and of air and vapour.
- Still more particularly the invention relates to methods of assembling and installing roofing systems and components herefore.
- the invention has particular relevance to roofs of a design comprising a bank of mutually parallel rafters wherein the spaces between the rafters are put to use in acco odating insulation material. As compared to designs where the insulation material is installed in other places, this particular design will leave more space available for the dwelling or for other purposes. This advantage in the more effective utilization of the space inside the roof structure will, however, be balanced by the complication of requiring a more delicate installation procedure.
- the lines of rafters are installed and subsequently a flexible roof sheeting is placed on top of rafters.
- the sheeting which comprises a light-weight, water proof foil, provides a shelter or weather membrane with sufficient durability for leaving ample time for other finishing operations, among which the installation of a more durable roof cover on top of and of insulation material, etc below the sheeting.
- the insulation material has to be installed from the inside which complicates the operation, in particular in case of a sloping roof. Complications comprise the need for establishment of temporary support of the insulation and downfall of dust from the insulation, which dust may give rise to health concerns.
- the vapour impervious membrane With the insulation in place and properly supported, the vapour impervious membrane has to be installed from the inside, e.g. by nailing it to the interior faces of the rafters whereafter an inside roof lining can be installed.
- the vapour impervious membrane is a light foil it is highly suscepticle to being damaged during many parts of the procedure.
- German published application 24 12 830 provides an insulation panel which comprises a plate, insulation material, a vapour impervious membrane, and a hose enclosing the other components.
- the plate is supported by its margins onto the rafters.
- the plate by means of the hose supports the insulation material and the vapour membrane.
- the incorporation into an insulation panel of a structural plate contributes heavily to the cost of materials and complicates handling, transportation, and adaptation to site requirements to the extent that this solution is hardly commercially viable.
- the structural plate and the part of the hose at the exterior side create obstacles to the ventilation of the insulation to the exterior side, generally required.
- the invention in a first aspect provides a method as recited in claim 1.
- This method provides a swift and simple procedure for bringing in place structural support for subsequent installation of insulation material. Any downfall of dust from the insulation material is safely contained by the vapour impervious sheet below the insulation material. Adverse weather conditions during the operation of securing the sheets is not a major problem as the sheet provides immediate protection against the rain and as the sheet will not absorb and retain any substantial quantity of water.
- the insulation material may be put in place with great speed as the insulation material, e.g. mats, merely has to be deposited onto the sheets. Thereafter a suitable kind of roofing, e.g. a kol roof sheet, may be put into place so as to cover the insulation material .
- a suitable kind of roofing e.g. a kol roof sheet
- the invention in a second aspect provides a method as recited in claim 2. This method provides a roof structure with the advantages in handling and installation as outlined above.
- the invention in a third aspect provides a double sheet as recited in claim 4.
- This double sheet comprises a first and a second web arranged in overlying relationship and joined along one respective edge, while not adhered over the remaining area.
- the product may be provided in continuous lengths or in rolls or it may be cut to suitable lengths ready for installation as appropriate. The joining along one edge ensures that both layers are available on site in a convenient fashion.
- the semifinished character of the product facilitates adaptation to site requirements, e.g. to accommodate obstructions and varying spacings between the rafters.
- the roof sheet foil and the vapour membrane foil should be matched in order that air permeability across the roof sheet foil is at least five times and preferably ten times the air permeability across the vapour membrane. If this condition is met, there will be no need to provide for additional venting of the insulation material.
- One foil combination which satifies this criterion, is a pair of polyethylene foils, among which the thickness of the roof sheet foil is equal to one tenth the thickness of the vapour membrane foil.
- Other foil combinations could comprise a roof sheet of polyurethane, polyamide, or another permeable foil.
- Dispensing with vents across the roof sheet entails a particular advantage as the roof sheet, although slightly permeable to air, is capable of sustaining a moderate air pressure differential, hereby relieving the vapour membrane of a corresponding partial pressure differential.
- the roof sheet contributes favourably towards the purpose of stemming any convection of air from the accommodation and into the insulation material.
- the webs may be joined along opposite edges so as to provide a hose.
- insulation material will have to be inserted from the end of the hose or through cut slits.
- the invention in a further aspect provides an insulation element as recited in claim 7.
- This provides a prefabricated element which lends itself to effective manufacturing and which provides the insulation material in a virtually moisture proof envelope (except possibly for openings at the ends) .
- Providing the insulation material in an envelope is a major advantage as it permits transportation and stocking of the elements in the open air with no risk of the insulation material becoming soaked with water prior to installation.
- the insulation elements easily conform to site circumstances such as obstructions, variations in the rafter interspacing, etc.
- the invention in a still further aspect provides a roof as recited in claim 8.
- This roof permits the advantageous installation procedures as explained above.
- this roof comprises an insulation liner, i.e. an additional layer of insulation material installed at the interior side of the vapour membrane.
- the insulation liner also provides a space available for the drawing of utility lines, e.g. electrical cables, so that they may be installed concealed as seen from the accommodation side but without perforating the vapour membrane.
- the depth of the insulation liner is less than or equal to half of the depth of the insulation material arranged exterior to the vapour impervious sheet. This ensures that the temperature differential from the accommodation and to the vapour membrane does not become so large that there would be any risk of precipitating moisture inside the insulation liner.
- Fig. 1 illustrates part of a roof according to the invention, the view showing a section perpendicular to the axes of the rafters,
- Fig. 2 illustrates a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing an earlier stage of the installation by which stage the double sheet has been partially installed
- Fig. 3 illustrates a cross section in a double sheet according to the invention
- Fig. 4 illustrates a cross section in an insulation element according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a section through part of a roof 1.
- the roof structure comprises rafters 2.
- the rafters 2 comprise solid beams arranged in juxtaposition in a spaced, mutually parallel relationship along a common plane so as to define generally a plane, sloping from the ridge of the roof to the base of the roof (not shown) .
- the rafters comprise exterior faces 5, i.e. the surfaces facing outwardly or away from the accommodation, and interior faces 13, i.e. the surfaces facing downwardly or towards the accommodation.
- the rafters further comprise lateral faces 17.
- This type of roof structure may be used in a variety of inclination angles. Generally this type of roof structure is particularly adapted for an inclination angle within the range from 12° to 45° from the horizontal.
- the space intermediate the rafters is utilized for the placing of insulation, the insulation comprising a layer of insulation material 3 and an insulation liner 4.
- the flexible roof sheet 6 is placed on top of the rafter exterior faces 5.
- the roof sheet is secured to the rafter exterior faces by nails 7.
- the roof sheet spans the gap intermediate a pair of adjacent rafters .
- the battens support the roof covering 10 which comprises e.g. roof tiles, roof plates or some other type of weather-resistant, durable roof elements.
- the lists 8 serve the purpose of spacing the battens from the roof sheet in order that any water flowing downwardly on top of the roof sheet may pass underneath the battens.
- the roof sheeting generally comprises a thin foil material which is largely impenetrable to water.
- Various foils may be used.
- a polyethylene foil of a thickness of 0.015 mm has been found to perform well.
- Foils which combine impermeability to water with a permeability to air are favoured because they permit drying out the insulation material to the exterior side.
- Suitable air- permeable foils comprise polyurethane foils and polyamide foils.
- the foil may comprise a surface finish adapted for mechanical protection and for protection against degrading ultra violet radiation.
- the roof further comprises a vapour membrane essentially composed of sections of a vapour impervious sheet 11.
- the vapour impervious sheet sections 11 are placed in contact with the rafter exterior faces in order that the sheet may extend along parts of the rafter lateral faces and along the interior side of the insulation material 3.
- the vapour impervious membrane serves the purpose of blocking passage of air and moisture from the accommodation and into the insulation.
- Various materials may be used.
- a polyethylene plastic film of a thickness of 0.150 mm has been found to perform well.
- a film reinforced with glass fibers on polyester fibers provides excellent structural performance.
- the insulation comprises an additional layer referred to as the insulation liner 4 which has been placed at the interior side of the vapour impervious sheet 11.
- the roof further comprises a roof lining 12 secured in contact with the rafter interior faces and providing an agreeable finish towards the accommodation.
- the insulation liner spaces the vapour sheet from the roof lining 12. This retracts the vapour impervious sheet from the zone close to the roof lining where it would be exposed to damage, e.g. by operations to secure utility installations involving drilling, screwing or nailing in the roof lining.
- the space between the vapour impervious sheet and the roof lining is also available for placing utility lines, e.g. electrical cables, concealed from the accommodation but without having to make them cross the vapour impervious sheet.
- the double membrane 14 comprises two foil webs joined along one respective edge by a seam or a weld 15.
- the foil webs are generally placed overlaying relationship, however, they have different widths.
- the upper foil web, referring to Fig. 3, adapted for providing the roof sheet is adapted to span the gap between the exterior faces of a pair of adjacent rafters in a generally taut fashion with ample width for securing the margins to the rafter exterior faces.
- the lower foil web as illustrated in Fig. 3, adapted for providing the vapour impervious sheet 11 is wider than the upper foil web. This permits the lower foil web to span the interspace between a pair of adjacent rafters in a sagging fashion.
- the width of the upper foil web could be e.g. 100 cm, while the width of the lower web could be approx. 130 cm. Adaptation of the particular dimensions to a particular site condition will be within the capabilities of those skilled in the art.
- the double membrane In order to install the roof the double membrane is placed as illustrated in Fig. 2, the joined edge being nailed to the exterior face of one rafter and the opposite edge of the wider foil web which is to form the vapour impervious sheet 11 being nailed to the exterior face of the adjacent rafter.
- This foil web has a width permitting it to span the rafter interspace in a sagging fashion.
- the upper foil web is flipped over to the side as shown in Fig. 2.
- the insulation element 16 comprises an upper foil web for providing the roof sheet 6, a mat of insulation 3 and a lower foil web for providing the vapour impervious sheet 11.
- the foil webs are joined along respective opposite edges by seams 15 so as to form a hose with the seams providing laterally extending flanges.
- This product may be provided in continuous lengths, in rolls or in cut lengths as appropriate. In other embodiments the product could be provided in lengths where the ends of the hose would be closed so as provide a closed envelope.
- the insulation material is sealed and protected almost hermetically and the risk of accidental perforation of the vapour membrane is minimized, thus virtually eliminating the need for providing for venting of the space accommodating the insulation material.
- This saving in space requirement may be put to advantage in various ways or combinations of ways. One way could be to put in more insulation material in the roof, another way could be to provide more space for the accommodation quarters, etc.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU87270/98A AU8727098A (en) | 1997-08-15 | 1998-08-17 | A roof, a component for a roof, and a method for the installation of a roof |
DE19882599T DE19882599T1 (en) | 1997-08-15 | 1998-08-17 | A roof, a component for a roof and a method for installing a roof |
AT0908698A AT411541B (en) | 1997-08-15 | 1998-08-17 | METHOD FOR PROVIDING AN INSULATED ROOF STRUCTURE |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK0945/97 | 1997-08-15 | ||
DK94597A DK173448B1 (en) | 1997-08-15 | 1997-08-15 | Double roof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999009271A1 true WO1999009271A1 (en) | 1999-02-25 |
Family
ID=8099277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DK1998/000355 WO1999009271A1 (en) | 1997-08-15 | 1998-08-17 | A roof, a component for a roof, and a method for the installation of a roof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT411541B (en) |
AU (1) | AU8727098A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19882599T1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK173448B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999009271A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1127995A3 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-11-14 | Guardian Fiberglass, Inc. | Rolled fabric dispensing method |
GB2405437A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-02 | Tba Textiles Ltd | Fire resistant flexible sheet used in roof construction and a kit including a fire resistant sheet |
FR2921945A1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-10 | Mireille Barthalais | Roof panel for e.g. constructing individual home in mountain, has vapor barrier layer arranged between insulating material and ceiling plate and covering lateral walls of caisson, and phonic/thermal insulating layer arranged against walls |
WO2011049741A1 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-04-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Article for controlling attic moisture |
WO2011115506A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Isola As | Air gap barrier |
FR2979650A1 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-08 | Pascal Ragaine | Double roof for veranda, has insulating layer arranged with roof insulating panel to form air circulation corridor between air intake opening set on level of sand pit and air outlet opening set in level with ridge |
EP3064674A1 (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-07 | Fiberlock Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for an improved air barrier system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3729879A (en) * | 1971-08-09 | 1973-05-01 | A Franklin | Stick on insulators |
DE2412830A1 (en) * | 1974-03-16 | 1975-09-18 | Herbert Hess | Heat-insulating material fixture and damp-protection - involving damp-repellent sheath fixed on support spanning several cross-battens or beams |
DE2315793B2 (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1977-06-16 | Gerhaher Franz | Under roof |
US4172345A (en) * | 1974-08-02 | 1979-10-30 | Butler Manufacturing Company | Insulation bags |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2329372A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-01-02 | Thermodach Dachtechnik Gmbh | Heat-insulating roof-tile internal cladding - of troughed foil elements with insulating inlays fixed below battens between rafters |
DE2700468C2 (en) * | 1977-01-07 | 1979-02-15 | Braas & Co Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Thermal insulation lining for roofs supported by rafters |
DE2817703A1 (en) * | 1978-04-22 | 1979-10-31 | Doerken Ewald Ag | Moisture repellent roof heat insulating element - has insulating material in shallow box comprising flat and deep drawn foil units |
DE2902587B2 (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1980-11-13 | Perlite-Daemmstoff-Gmbh & Co, Beratung Und Vertrieb, 4600 Dortmund | Method for introducing thermal insulation in a cavity formed between two rafters, an external roof skin and an internal, already existing roof lining, as well as thermal insulation for such cavities |
DE3927198C2 (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1998-06-04 | Heinrich Wilhelm Roth | Fire-retardant device on the steep roof of a building |
-
1997
- 1997-08-15 DK DK94597A patent/DK173448B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-08-17 WO PCT/DK1998/000355 patent/WO1999009271A1/en active Application Filing
- 1998-08-17 AU AU87270/98A patent/AU8727098A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-17 DE DE19882599T patent/DE19882599T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-17 AT AT0908698A patent/AT411541B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3729879A (en) * | 1971-08-09 | 1973-05-01 | A Franklin | Stick on insulators |
DE2315793B2 (en) * | 1973-03-29 | 1977-06-16 | Gerhaher Franz | Under roof |
DE2412830A1 (en) * | 1974-03-16 | 1975-09-18 | Herbert Hess | Heat-insulating material fixture and damp-protection - involving damp-repellent sheath fixed on support spanning several cross-battens or beams |
US4172345A (en) * | 1974-08-02 | 1979-10-30 | Butler Manufacturing Company | Insulation bags |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1127995A3 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-11-14 | Guardian Fiberglass, Inc. | Rolled fabric dispensing method |
US6393797B1 (en) | 2000-02-23 | 2002-05-28 | Guardian Fiberglass, Inc. | Rolled fabric dispensing method |
GB2405437A (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-02 | Tba Textiles Ltd | Fire resistant flexible sheet used in roof construction and a kit including a fire resistant sheet |
GB2405437B (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2007-02-14 | Tba Textiles Ltd | Loft conversions |
FR2921945A1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-10 | Mireille Barthalais | Roof panel for e.g. constructing individual home in mountain, has vapor barrier layer arranged between insulating material and ceiling plate and covering lateral walls of caisson, and phonic/thermal insulating layer arranged against walls |
WO2011049741A1 (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-04-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Article for controlling attic moisture |
CN102575472A (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2012-07-11 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | Article for controlling attic moisture |
WO2011115506A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Isola As | Air gap barrier |
FR2979650A1 (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-08 | Pascal Ragaine | Double roof for veranda, has insulating layer arranged with roof insulating panel to form air circulation corridor between air intake opening set on level of sand pit and air outlet opening set in level with ridge |
EP3064674A1 (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-07 | Fiberlock Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for an improved air barrier system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT411541B (en) | 2004-02-25 |
DK173448B1 (en) | 2000-11-06 |
DE19882599T1 (en) | 2000-07-20 |
DK94597A (en) | 1999-02-16 |
ATA908698A (en) | 2003-07-15 |
AU8727098A (en) | 1999-03-08 |
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