WO1999004401A1 - Dispositif pour la production d'energie thermique, milieu de travail et electrodes a utiliser dans ce dispositif, matiere du milieu de travail et des electrodes - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la production d'energie thermique, milieu de travail et electrodes a utiliser dans ce dispositif, matiere du milieu de travail et des electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999004401A1
WO1999004401A1 PCT/IB1997/000864 IB9700864W WO9904401A1 WO 1999004401 A1 WO1999004401 A1 WO 1999004401A1 IB 9700864 W IB9700864 W IB 9700864W WO 9904401 A1 WO9904401 A1 WO 9904401A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
electrode
working medium
elements
titanium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1997/000864
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexandre Nikolaevitch Lichtchouk
Evgeny Yurievich Mourishev
Original Assignee
Savic Trust Reg., Vaduz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Savic Trust Reg., Vaduz filed Critical Savic Trust Reg., Vaduz
Priority to PCT/IB1997/000864 priority Critical patent/WO1999004401A1/fr
Priority to AU32709/97A priority patent/AU3270997A/en
Publication of WO1999004401A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999004401A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21B—FUSION REACTORS
    • G21B3/00—Low temperature nuclear fusion reactors, e.g. alleged cold fusion reactors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the branch of energetic namely to the methods of obtaining and conversion of heat and other types of energy .
  • the device contains a super fine powder of palladium, pressed into a vacuum container, also made of palladium.
  • the container has a current tap, forming a cathode.
  • the elements are put into the bath, filled with solution on the base of heavy water, containing a lithium hydroxide.
  • An electric currant conducted between the anode and cathode makes an electrolyze that results in evolution of the deuterium diffusing through the wall into the palladium powder.
  • the main disadvantage of this invention is that to resume the cycle of heat obtaining it is necessary to recharge the container, to renew the electrolytic solution and to perform a full new assembly of the device. In other words this process is not recirculated.
  • a heat obtaining device that contains a working chamber and at least one electrode located in it to be made as in a bulk and to include the elements to be in contact with each other and to contain a metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes.
  • the elements are made as microspheres of polymer and covered with a multilayer coating of metals, including those ones to absorb hydrogen isotopes.
  • Heat energy is evolved as the result of nuclear fusion occurring by the working medium electrolysis (US, A, 5494559). Nevertheless, ideal laying of microspheres does not permit to create activated clustered structures in the working medium (electrolyte), promoting a fusion reaction.
  • the said elements have a shape different from spherical one.
  • the elements of bulk electrode are made whole of metal either of an alloy or of a compound containing or absorbing hydrogen isotopes.
  • a shape different from a spherical one means any shape which does not fall under well-known definition of a sphere shape, spherical shape, which are well-known in mathematics.
  • the elements of the bulk electrode can have the shape with the external surface containing at least one plane.
  • execution the elements of the bulk electrodes have the shape of a polyhedron or a cone.
  • the elements of the bulk electrode can have the shape of a prism or a trigonal, tetragonal, ditetragonal, hexagonal, dihexagonal pyramid or dipyramid.
  • the bulk electrode may be made of the elements of both the same or different shape.
  • the bulk electrode can be made of the elements of different shape located in layers.
  • the working chamber is made with an expanding canal.
  • the offered device also contains a medium structuring block connected with a working chamber.
  • the medium structuring block contains at least one configurator to provide stable regular resonance structuring of the medium, thereby the inlet of the working chamber is connected with the outlet of the configurator.
  • the configurators can have any shape.
  • the configurators may have the shape of a cone either a prism, or a trigonal, ditrigonal, tetragonal, ditetragonal, hexagonal, dihexagonal pyramid or dipyramid.
  • the offered device may additionally contain at least one (second) pair of electrodes, located in the configurator.
  • the offered device may also contain additionally at least one pair of electrodes located at the inlet of the working chamber.
  • execution the second electrode of the first pair conjugate with the bulk one is located in the working chamber.
  • the second electrode of the first pair can have a different shape.
  • the second electrode of the first pair can be made flat, for example, in the shape of a ring, preferably cut into sectors. Each sector can contain a rod located in the direction to the bulk electrode.
  • the second electrode of the first pair conjugate with the bulk one is located in a case of the configurator.
  • the second electrode of the first pair is preferably made coated with an insulating layer to insulate the electrode from the working medium flowing through the configurator.
  • the offered device may contain a locking element mounted with the possibility of moving and partial overlap of the inlet of the working chamber.
  • the end of the locking element may have in its cross-section a shape similar to the shape of cross-section of the inlet of the working chamber.
  • the locking element is made in the form of a cone or a pyramid.
  • the locking element is the second electrode of the first pair conjugate with the bulk one.
  • the elements of the bulk electrode may be located with the possibility to impart a shearing or, for example, a screw movement to the working medium.
  • the elements of the bulk electrode are mounted with possibility of moving.
  • the elements of the bulk electrode are made of at least one salt and/or of base of a metal of subgroups l a or 2 a or of aluminum, or of zinc.
  • the elements of the bulk electrode may be made of piezo- either Seignette -electrical materials or materials, containing magnetic domains. In this case it is preferable to make the elements of the bulk electrode of the materials, able to absorb hydrogen isotopes or the medium containing them.
  • Configurators can contain the partitions located in the direction of the working medium moving.
  • the variables of the working medium can be used in this device.
  • the working medium can contain at least one melted base and/or at least one melted salt, preferably at least one melted base of a metal of subgroup la or 2a, or of aluminum, or of zinc, for example, potassium hydroxide and/or lithium hydroxide.
  • the working medium contains a saturated or supersaturated solution of at least one salt and/or base of a metal of subgroups 1 a or 2a, or of aluminum, or of zinc.
  • execution the working medium contains a vapor-gaseous mixture, including hydrogen isotopes containing components.
  • a material for the working medium and electrodes includes at least one first metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes and at least one second metal, forming a solid solution with at least one first metal, preferably in a limited area of concentrations.
  • the above material preferably contains metals in such a ratio of them under which a solid solution is formed at the temperature of a phase transition of the mixture .
  • the material preferably contains components in such a ratio of them, that the amount of the second metal is maximum to form a solid solution at the temperature of a phase transition of the mixture.
  • the material as the first metal absorbing the hydrogen isotopes can contain the metal selected from the group including nickel, cobalt, titanium, zirconium, palladium, platinum, lanthanides.
  • the above material preferably contains titanium as the first metal, and as the second metal, it contains metal selected from the group containing: iron, cobalt, chromium, nickel, copper, cerium, zirconium, nickel is the most preferable.
  • this material can contain nickel and titanium in the following components ratio, (at.% ): nickel 0,001 - 5,0 titanium - the rest.
  • the above material preferably contains textured grains oriented in the same direction, and the indicated grains preferably includes textured blocks.
  • Such a version of material making is considered to be preferable, where it contains additionally deuterium in the quantity 30-60 at%.
  • Some examples of material making will be given below, which do not limit the volume of this invention.
  • the above material contains nickel and titanium and also additionally contains deuterium in the following components ratio, (at. %): deuterium -30,0-60,0 nickel-0,001- 5,0 titanium - the rest.
  • the material contains nickel, titanium and also contains additionally deuterium in the following components ratio, (at. %): deuterium -30,0-60,0 titanium - 7,0 - 10,0 nickel - the rest.
  • the material contains titanium, cerium and additionally contains deuterium in the following components ratio, (at.%): deuterium -30,0- 60,0 cerium -0,001-0,025 titanium - the rest.
  • the material contains titanium, iron and additionally it contains deuterium in the following components ratio, (at.%): deuterium -30,0-60,0 iron -0,05- 6,25 titanium - the rest.
  • this material contains titanium, chrome, and additionally it contains deuterium in the following components ratio, (at.%): deuterium -30,0-60,0. chrome- 0,001-0,235 titanium -the rest.
  • the material contains cerium, chrome, nickel, iron, titanium and additionally it contains deuterium in the following components ratio, (at.%): deuterium-30,0-60,0 cerium-0,001-0,025 chrome-0,001-0,235 nickel-0,001-5,0 iron-0,05-6,25 titanium-the rest
  • this material contains the first metal and deuterium in the composition of this metal deuteried, and the second metal as an addition alloying the deuteried.
  • the working medium as well as the electrodes to be used in the above described device can contain the material according to any one of the versions, pointed out above.
  • the first pair of the electrodes is designed to carry out an impulse electric discharge, which one in its turn provides the conditions to create unbalance microstructural inhomogeneities in local points on the border
  • working medium-elements of the bulk electrode what in its turn provides the conditions to reduce the Gamov barrier and, in consequence, provides the nuclear fusion reaction.
  • At least one electrode made bulk and including the elements arranged with the possibility to contact to each other is located in the working chamber.
  • the electrode made bulk results in quantity increase of the local points, in which the above mentioned structural inhomogeneties occur, what rises the volume exhaust of nuclear fusion energy.
  • the manufacturing of the bulk electrodes elements in the shape different from spherical, for example, with the external surface contained at least one plane results in increase of the inhomogeneity of the working medium flow and electrical field, what brings to quantity increase of the local points having structural inhomogeneities, where the nuclear fusion can occur.
  • the manufacturing of the bulk electrode to be whole metal either alloy or compounds, containing or absorbing hydrogen isotopes allows to increase the quantity of active hydrogen isotopes in the vicinity of the local points, viable to nuclear fusion react and to facilitate their supply to these points via mass transfer in the solid body plasma.
  • the quantity of active local points, and in consequence the energy escape can be adjusted with a change of bulk electrode structure, if this bulk electrode is made of different shape elements located in layers (the number of layers, the shape and the elements quantity in each layer are adjusted).
  • the second electrode of the first pair can be located in the working chamber, what provides the optimum conditions for electric shock in the working chamber.
  • the device can contain a locking element with the possibility of moving and partially to overlap the working chamber inlet, which regulates the medium supply into the working chamber and prevents from medium reverse flow.
  • One of the electrodes (a second) of the first pair can be made in the form of a locking element, what permits to concentrate the electric discharges towards to the axis and to reduce the number of the device parts.
  • a block of medium structuring (for example, a configurator) provides a stable, regular, resonance structuring of the medium, what promotes the creation of above-described inhomogeneities in the local points.
  • Such configuratores which have the crystal shape (for example, cone or prism (cube as an example), pyramid or dipyramid trigonal, ditrygonal, tetragonal, ditetragonal, hexagonal, dihexagonal and etc.) work more efficiently.
  • a full information about possible shapes of crystals can be found in well-known literature on crystallography.
  • Additional pairs of electrodes which can be located in the configurator (the second pair ) and on the inlet of the working chamber (the third pair) allow to make an additional structuring of the working medium on the micro- and sub- microlevel.
  • the second electrode of the first pair conjugate with the bulk one in the configurator case It is more preferable from the construction point to make the second electrode of the first pair conjugate with the bulk one in the configurator case. If the elements of the bulk electrode are located with the possibility to impart shearing, for example screw movement to the working medium, the possibility of turbulence occurrence in the working medium flow is excluded.
  • the bulk electrode elements to be made with the possibility to move provides the electric discharge between the elements around the whole volume of the electrode, promoting more equal energy escape from the nuclear fusion reaction as to the electrode volume. This can be done, in particular, if the configurators are mounted with the possibility of moving around their axes or at the angle to them.
  • the bulk electrode elements to be made of at least one salt and/or base of metal of subgroup la or 2a, aluminum, zinc, allow to facilitate the nuclear fusion reaction, as the above mentioned metals are fusion catalysts and they can take part in the nuclear fusion on their own. The occurrence of nuclear fusion reaction will be facilitated if the bulk electrode elements are made of piezo- or squate-electrics or of the materials containing magnetic domains.
  • the bulk electrode elements are made of the materials, viable to absorb the hydrogen isotopes or the medium containing them.
  • the configurators contain the partitions located in the direction of the working medium moving, this allows to increase macrostructuring of the medium due to separate forming of whirls, what promotes the nuclear fusion reaction.
  • the working medium can be made as a solution, alloy as well as suspension of solid particles in a liquid or as a vapor-gaseous mixture. If the working medium contain an alloy of at least one base and/or at least one salt, in particular, of the metals of subgroup la or 2a, aluminum, zinc, it is allows to increase the energy density by excitation, and then by fusion resulted in rise of surplus energy escape.
  • the working medium contains saturated or supersaturated solution of at least one salt and/or base of a metal of subgroup la or 2a, aluminum, zinc, in the process of working medium pumping through the electrode, the substances are dynamically falling out and dissolving on the elements of bulk electrode, what promotes the creation of mechanical and electrical inhomogeneties in the bulk electrode, facilitating the nuclear fusion reaction. If the working medium contains a vapor-gaseous mixture, including hydrogen isotopes components, the working medium pumping through the bulk electrode is facilitated.
  • the material for working medium and electrodes including the metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes contains additionally the second metal forming a solid solution with the metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes for changing electronic density inside the material and as well as for reducing the energy of the phase change in the limited area of concentrations.
  • the material for the working medium and electrodes including the metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes contains additionally the second metal forming a solid solution in the limited area of concentrations with the metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes for obtaining synergetic effect as to concentration of hydrogen isotopes in the material.
  • the material contains metals at such a ratio of components quantities under which a solid solution is being formed at the temperature of a mixture phase transition, what permits to carry out invariance of the phase content under the determined concentration of material components from minimum to maximum values.
  • the material in which the quantity of the second component is maximum to form the solid solution under the temperature of a mixture phase change is realized for multizone volume phase conversion and for more complete use of components interaction potential.
  • the (first) metal absorbing hydrogen isotope it contains a metal, selected from the group including nickel, cobalt, titanium, zirconium, palladium, platinum, lanthanides (titanium is preferable), as the metal (second) forming a solid solution with a metal absorbing hydrogen isotopes it contains a metal selected from the group including iron, cobalt, chrome, nickel, copper, cerium, zirconium (nickel is preferable).
  • the material in a preferable version contains nickel and titanium in the following components ratio ( at.% ): nickel- 0,001 -5,0 titanium- the rest.
  • the polymorphous metals a typical representative of which is titanium, it is generally known, that it actively absorbs the hydrogen isotopes forming balance phases TiH, TiD, TiH 2 , TiD 2 .
  • nickel as a second component to titanium, it is possible to obtain a solid solution on the base of ⁇ -titanium, in which as far as the nickel concentration is increasing from 0 to
  • the phase transition temperature varies from 885 to 770 degrees of Centigrade scale.
  • the second component which ones will promote the realization of the states in the material, characterized by the large number of generalized electrons in a crystal lattice, by a stable regularity of a distant order and, as a consequence of this, periodic inhomogenity of electronic density occurs through the whole material volume.
  • the intruded deuterons under the gradient effect of external influences traveling in the electronic plasma of a solid have a possibility regularly to interact with each other, simultaneously Gamov barrier energy of deuterons repulsion is reducing, particularly, in the directions of the most compact packing.
  • isomorphous matrix components a typical representative of which is nickel, all above resonings are analogous and required temperature- concentrated ranges can be found from generally known diagrams of phase equilibrium, for example, from diagrams Ni-Ti.
  • the material contains oriented in one direction textured grains to create the direction of particles streams along the grain bounds.
  • the material contains the grains including textured blocks to create the directions of particles streams along the blocks bounds.
  • the working medium, used in the device for heat energy obtaining, contains the above mentioned material to increase the efficiency of nuclear fusion reaction.
  • the working medium can contain other components, in particular, a liquid carrier, for example, heavy water.
  • a liquid carrier for example, heavy water.
  • the above- mentioned materials are contained in a liquid component in the form of a particles dispersion.
  • the quantity of above mentioned material in a liquid component depends on the particles dimension.
  • the upper level of their content is determined by the working medium fluidity, as the medium must have a sufficient fluidity in order to pass through the device blocks.
  • the particles in dimension less than 10 micron their maximum content in heavy water can be up to 60 vol.%, in the range from 10 to 50 micron their content is up to 65 vol.% and for particles in dimension more than 50 micron their content will be up to 70 vol.%.
  • Polydispersion system with a wide spectrum of particles distribution according to their dimensions may be used.
  • the electrodes used in the device for heat energy obtaining contains the above mentioned material to increase the efficiency of nuclear fusion reaction.
  • the electrodes can contain other components, for example, bonding ones, which can be used when the electrodes are being formed using a powder.
  • Location of an electrode at the inlet of the working chamber means that it is placed in the vicinity of a plane hole which one connects the configurator with the working chamber.
  • Location of an electrode in the working chamber means that it is placed in some distance from the plane hole along the direction of the working medium flow.
  • Fig.1 shows medium structuring block having two configurators, one of the configurators is made in the form of tetrahedron and second is made in the form of octahedron
  • Fig.2 shows medium structuring block having two configurators, one of the configurators is made in the form of tetrahedron and second is made in the form of bitrigonal pyramid
  • Fig.3 shows medium structuring block having two configurators, one of the configurators is made in the form of tetrahedron and second is made in the form of cubic prism;
  • Fig 4 shows general scheme of the device ( vertical axial section);
  • Fig.5 shows in detail a working chamber in the embodiment of making the device with a locking rod (vertical axial section);
  • Fig 6 shows in detail a working chamber in the embodiment of making the device with the partitions locating in the configurator (vertical axial and cross-sections)
  • Fig.7 shows scheme of whirls forming in the configurator in the working medium stream (horizontal section);
  • Fig.8 shows scheme of whirls forming in the configurator in the working medium stream (vertical section);
  • Fig.9 shows jet flows of fluid in the configurator in the working medium stream (vertical section);
  • Fig.10 shows quadruple hydro-dynamic and electric fields in the configurator, where electrodes and fitting pipes are located.
  • the device contains a working chamber 1, configurators 2 and 3, the working chamber has an expanding canal 4.
  • Inlet 5 of the chamber 1 is connected with the outlet 5' of the configurator 3.
  • the device contains three pairs of electrodes.
  • a pair of electrodes 7 is located at the inlet 5 of the chamber 1.
  • a pair of electrodes 8 and 8' is located in the working chamber 1.
  • An electrode 8' is made bulk.
  • a heat collector (HR) 9 is connected with the outlet of the working chamber.
  • the device contains the elements to input the working medium: pipe sockets 10 to input the working medium and 11 to input and output the working medium.
  • Configurators 2,3 in the offered device are made as hollow pyramids or prisms coaxially mounted.
  • the configurator 2 in other versions of execution can be made as a quadrangular or other pyramid, and a configurator 3 as a cubic prism(Fig. 3), an octahedron ( Fig. 1) or a ditrigonal pyramid (Fig. 2).
  • a configurator 2 in Fig.l is made as a pyramid with pipe sockets 10 - inputs of the working medium at the base of the pyramid
  • a configurator 3 is made as two pyramids with a common cavity: a right pyramid 12 in the upper part and an overturned pyramid 13 in the bottom part.
  • the planes of the upper and bottom configurator communicate through the hole 14 in the top of pyramid 2 and 13.
  • pipe sockets 11 In the angles of the pyramids common base of the configurator 3 there are pipe sockets 11 to input and output the working medium.
  • the pipe sockets to input are located in the opposite angles of the base on one diagonal of the square, and the pipe sockets to output are located in the opposite angles of the base on the other diagonal of the square, thus, if there is no vertical liquid flow from the configurator 2, a liquid in-flow through the inlets is equal a liquid out-flow through the outputs and the liquid flow in the plane of the pyramid base of the configurator 3 is quadruple.
  • a pair of electrodes 7 is located, that one creates a corona streamer discharge.
  • the bulk electrode 8' is located in the working chamber 1 and consists of the elements 15 of different shape located in layers.
  • an electrode 8 is located in the case of the configurator 3.
  • the end of the electrode 8 is on the inlet of the working chamber 1.
  • the electrode 8 is coated with an insulating layer 16 of dielectric (for example, porcelain) for insulation of this electrode from the working medium flowing through the configurator 3.
  • Position 17 shows the locking element which can move and overlap the inlet 5 of the working chamber 1.
  • a cavity of the configurator 2 contains the partitions 18 dividing the cavity into parts.
  • Fig. 6 a version of configurator making is shown, where it can rotate on the support 19 for example, by means of a hinge 20.
  • the device works in the following way.
  • the fluid supplied through the inlets 10 creates a whirl flow around a locking element 17 (Fig. 7).
  • the whirl flow interacts with a pyramidal internal surface of a configurator, which breaks a central whirl 21 into several small whirls 22 and separate jets.
  • the separate whirls 22 narrowing towards to the top of the pyramid form the thinner and more stable whirl jets 23 in a whirl pipe 24 (Fig. 8) twisted around the locking element 17.
  • a structure of sets of separate whirl pipes 24, strange attractors 25 and three - dimensional quasi chaotic jets 23 occurs.
  • the whirls start diverging and drawing out the jets 23 of the attractors 25.
  • the energy of interjet -whirl interactions is redistributed and the structure of flowing will change again.
  • whirl flow will start to be compressed again.
  • the particles in some jets 23 and whirl pipes 24 reflected from quadruple flow 26 will start coming up, then again coming down, staying in the vicinity of a pyramid base 12 and 13 and a locking element 17, and during a long time will start exchanging the energy.
  • the described particular phenomena occurring in separate sectors of configurators 2 and 3 determines general (global) effect of configurators 2 and 3 on the environment.
  • the configurators 2 and 3 have a common locking element 17 lengthwise of which the transmission of liquid and energy takes place.
  • the whirl flow collects the energy from the whole volume of the configurators 2 and 3 towards the locking element 17.
  • the surface shape of configurators 2 and 3 and of the locking element 17 creates the competitive structures able to transfer more energy, than the central whirl and determines the most regular ones from them.
  • the external quadruple hydrodynamic flow 26 and quadruple electric field 27 collapse the energy in the micro and macro structure of the fluid in the central part of the configurator 3.
  • the ratio between the dimensions of the configurators 2 and 3, a locking element 17, inlet 5 of the working chamber 1 determines the structure able to transfer this energy into the working chamber 1.
  • the fluid is prepared with liquid crystal inclusions and a required structure and form of flowing.
  • the streamers formed in the fluid under the influence of a high voltage and the high voltage itself excite the electronic levels of liquid crystal clusters transferring oscillations in the lattice not only to the electrons but also to the nuclei. Excited electronic levels partially decrease Gamov barrier between the atoms, the atomic oscillations are partially transferred to the lower lays of electrons and nuclei, decreasing Gamov barrier of repulsing between the nuclei. Thus, inside of the liquid crystal clusters the modes of oscillation occur which can accept the energy of external influence at the internal atomic level.
  • the fluid structured at the macro and micro levels excited at the sub- microlevel enters the working chamber 1 (Fig. 4).
  • the working chamber 1 made out of dielectric material contains a pair of electrodes 8 and 8" connecting with the external capacitance electric sources and a committing device.
  • the prepared medium is supplied from configurator 3 alongside the surface of the locking rod 17 and enters the expanding canal 4 of the working chamber 1.
  • an electric discharge 28 occurs between the electrode 8 and elements 15 of the bulk electrode 8'. Simultaneously between them the electric shocks are also occurring, as the elements 15 of the bulk electrode 8' do not get in touch with each other at least for a while.
  • the working medium flows between the elements 15 of the electrode 8' and excites by these electric discharges in local points 29 of structural inhomogeneties of the working medium and of the electric field. This excitation brings to the nuclear fusion reaction proceeding on the bounds of the phase separation.
  • a discharger 30 of electric source (PS) 31 is located along the axis of the working chamber 1 and the working medium from the working chamber 1 is driving through the canals 32.
  • One facing of a capacity may be connected with the locking rod 17 through the discharger 30. In this case, the electric discharges occur between the locking rod-electrode 17 and electrode 8' in the working chamber 1.
  • the partitions 18 located in the configurator 2 execution and dividing it into parts (Fig. 6), in each of these parts a separate whirl flow 33 of the working medium in the opposite directions takes place.
  • whirl flows 33 interact each other, attracting to each other.
  • an additional microstructuring of the medium takes place, what promotes further the nuclear fusion reaction.
  • the electrodes of the working chamber are also made of the above- described materials, saturated with the hydrogen isotopes, a nuclear fusion reaction and heat production are also taking place in them under the conditions of an electric shock.
  • This method does not limit the use of configurators in a shape of pyramids, as well as configurators of another shape providing the performance of the above described functions can be used.
  • titanium and nickel with the quantity of admixtures not more than 0,001 weight % were used, out of which a charge was prepared for alloys Ti-0,1 weight % Ni, Ti-5,0 weight %Ni, Ni-12,5 weight % Ti, Ni- 10,0 weight % Ti.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte au domaine de l'énergie, et plus particulièrement à des procédés de production et de conversion de chaleur et d'autres types d'énergie. Un dispositif de production d'énergie thermique faisant l'objet de cette invention comprend une chambre de travail (1) et au moins une électrode (8') placée dans ladite chambre et formée d'éléments en vrac (15) disposés de façon à être en contact les uns avec les autres. Selon cette invention, ces éléments (15) ont une forme autre que sphérique. Les éléments en vrac (15) de l'électrode (8') peuvent présenter une forme dans laquelle leur surface extérieure comporte au moins un plan. Plus particulièrement, les éléments en vrac (15) de l'électrode (8') peuvent avoir la forme d'un polyèdre ou d'un cône, par exemple la forme d'un prisme ou d'une pyramide ou bipyramide rhomboédrique, tétragonale, octogonale, hexagonale ou dihexagonale. Ce dispositif peut contenir un bloc de structuration du milieu, relié à une chambre de travail (1). Les blocs de restructuration du milieu contiennent au moins un configurateur (2, 3) servant à assurer une structuration de résonance régulière stable dudit milieu. L'entrée (5) de la chambre de travail est reliée à la sortie (5') du configurateur. Un milieu de travail à utiliser dans ledit dispositif de production d'énergie thermique contient au moins une base fondue et/ou au moins un sel fondu. Un tel milieu de travail peut contenir également une solution saturée ou sursaturée d'au moins un sel et/ou d'une base d'un métal des sous-groupes 1a ou 2a, ou d'aluminium ou de zinc. Un tel milieu de travail peut également contenir un mélange gazeux de vapeurs renfermant des composants d'isotopes de l'hydrogène. Une matière pour le milieu de travail et pour les électrodes comporte au moins un premier métal absorbant les isotopes de l'hydrogène et au moins un second métal. Le second métal forme une solution solide avec au moins un premier métal.
PCT/IB1997/000864 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Dispositif pour la production d'energie thermique, milieu de travail et electrodes a utiliser dans ce dispositif, matiere du milieu de travail et des electrodes WO1999004401A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB1997/000864 WO1999004401A1 (fr) 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Dispositif pour la production d'energie thermique, milieu de travail et electrodes a utiliser dans ce dispositif, matiere du milieu de travail et des electrodes
AU32709/97A AU3270997A (en) 1997-07-14 1997-07-14 Device to obtain heat energy, working medium and electrodes to be used in this device, material for working medium and electrodes

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EP0393463A2 (fr) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-24 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Electrode pour fusion nucléaire et méthode pour son utilisation
WO1991015016A1 (fr) * 1990-03-22 1991-10-03 Ampere Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie de fusion a partir d'une matiere fusible
WO1994006122A1 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-17 Arthur D. Little, Inc. Chevauchement de l'interaction d-d ameliore pour la fusion et la production de neutrons
WO1994016446A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-21 Jerome Drexler Fusion nucleaire auto-catalysee de lithium-6 et de deuterium a l'aide de particules alpha
JPH07318672A (ja) * 1992-03-26 1995-12-08 Yoshito Tanaka 電気分解式低温核融合装置
JPH08236107A (ja) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-13 Imura Zairyo Kaihatsu Kenkyusho:Kk 水素吸蔵合金電極及びその製造方法
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JPS59203373A (ja) * 1983-05-04 1984-11-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 溶融塩燃料電池
EP0393463A2 (fr) * 1989-04-20 1990-10-24 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Electrode pour fusion nucléaire et méthode pour son utilisation
WO1991015016A1 (fr) * 1990-03-22 1991-10-03 Ampere Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie de fusion a partir d'une matiere fusible
JPH07318672A (ja) * 1992-03-26 1995-12-08 Yoshito Tanaka 電気分解式低温核融合装置
WO1994006122A1 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-17 Arthur D. Little, Inc. Chevauchement de l'interaction d-d ameliore pour la fusion et la production de neutrons
WO1994016446A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-21 Jerome Drexler Fusion nucleaire auto-catalysee de lithium-6 et de deuterium a l'aide de particules alpha
JPH08236107A (ja) * 1995-02-27 1996-09-13 Imura Zairyo Kaihatsu Kenkyusho:Kk 水素吸蔵合金電極及びその製造方法
US5632871A (en) * 1996-01-25 1997-05-27 Patterson; James A. System and electrolytic cell having pure metal catalytic elements for heating a liquid electrolyte

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