WO1999000638A1 - Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche - Google Patents
Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999000638A1 WO1999000638A1 PCT/IB1998/000972 IB9800972W WO9900638A1 WO 1999000638 A1 WO1999000638 A1 WO 1999000638A1 IB 9800972 W IB9800972 W IB 9800972W WO 9900638 A1 WO9900638 A1 WO 9900638A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- foot
- barrel
- base
- downstream end
- ballast
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an avalanche triggering device comprising a gas cannon, the upstream end of which is fixed to a base firmly anchored to the mountain, and the downstream end of which is carried by at least one foot so that the mouth of the barrel is arranged above the snowpack.
- Avalanche triggering devices comprising a gas cannon fixedly mounted on a mountainside, the bottom of which is firmly anchored against a base made up of a concrete block and the mouth of which opens out above the snowpack. , such as those described in US Pat. No. 5,107,765. These guns are designed to trigger an avalanche in exposed areas, for example above ski resorts or residential areas. These devices are very effective in triggering avalanche flows in areas known as avalanche corridors, that is to say, mostly formed by steep gorges where the accumulation of snow occurs. quickly and can reach unstabilized critical masses. They have proven to be particularly effective on light and sparse snow layers which contain a large volume of air trapped in the snow crystals.
- the blast caused by the detonation generates a wave effect with a strong initial compression followed by a trigger which breaks the snowpack and raises the snow mass sufficiently to trigger an avalanche flow.
- the mouth of the barrel must be located above the snowpack.
- the devices require a rigid and extremely solid anchorage to the side of the mountain, in particular by means of a concrete base which is anchored to the rock and which constitutes the rear seat of the actual gun.
- the device comprises one or more feet which are also firmly anchored in the mountain.
- the thrust exerted on the frontal area of the barrel reaches values of 80 or 160 tonnes depending on the model, and the forces which manifest themselves and which tend to undock these feet must be counteracted by reaction forces generated by the particularly robust anchoring.
- the present invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks by offering an effective solution to the problems mentioned above, this solution also having the advantage of making it possible to lower the cost of installation on the site and considerably increase the longevity of the device.
- the device as defined in the preamble and characterized in that the upstream end of the barrel is fixed to the base by a joint and in that the downstream end is ballasted, the foot being placed freely on a base made integral with the ground.
- the downstream end of the barrel is ballasted by means of a ballast mounted in the vicinity of the mouth.
- Said ballast may include a tank containing shot or concrete introduced through an opening formed on said tank.
- downstream end of the barrel is ballasted by means of a ballast housed in the foot which supports this downstream end.
- said base is hollow and said ballast is made up of shot or concrete.
- the foot rests freely on a base rigidly anchored to the side of the mountain and is arranged substantially vertically and coupled to the barrel by an articulation with a horizontal axis.
- the device comprises ignition means arranged in the vicinity of the upstream end of the barrel.
- said ignition means comprise at least one spark plug connected to an ignition system comprising a pressure switch associated with a two-state microswitch, a capacitor, an electric battery and an igniter, this microswitch being arranged to set in communication with the capacitor with the igniter when it is in a first state and for putting the capacitor in communication with the battery when it is in its second state.
- an ignition system comprising a pressure switch associated with a two-state microswitch, a capacitor, an electric battery and an igniter, this microswitch being arranged to set in communication with the capacitor with the igniter when it is in a first state and for putting the capacitor in communication with the battery when it is in its second state.
- the device may also include a safety rope which connects the base to the foot.
- said device comprises a stop pin arranged vertically in the base supporting the foot, said support base of the foot being made of concrete and comprising a steel sole covered with a rubber plate to absorb the fallout of said foot.
- FIG. 1 represents a view of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a view of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention
- FIG. 3 represents a view of a detail of the device as represented by FIG. 2, and
- FIG. 4 represents a detailed view of the ignition means equipping the device according to the invention.
- the device 10 as shown essentially consists of a gas exploder 11 comprising a barrel 12, fixed by its upstream end to a base 13 and whose downstream end is supported by a foot 14.
- This foot 14 rests on a base 15 consisting of a concrete block carrying a steel sole 9 covered with a rubber plate 16.
- the base 13 also consists of a concrete block firmly anchored to the side of the mountain .
- the barrel 12 is an elongated tubular piece comprising a rectilinear section 12a and a curved section 12b which constitutes the downstream end of the exploder and defines its mouth.
- the upstream end is fixed to the base by a hinge 17 having a horizontal axis which allows relative pivoting of the barrel according to arrow A.
- the foot 14 consists of a substantially cylindrical tubular element which is fixed to the curved section 12b of the barrel by means of an articulation 19 with a horizontal axis 20.
- This articulation consists of a first pair of elements 21a, in the form of '' fans, which are fixed parallel on either side of the curved section 12b of the barrel 12 and a second pair of elements 21b, in the form of flanges, which are fixed parallel on either side of the upper part of the foot 14. These two pairs of elements are coupled together by means of the horizontal axis 20.
- the foot 14 is ballasted for example by means of a mass of shot or concrete which is disposed inside the hollow tube which constitutes it.
- the foot serves as a support for the barrel in the rest phase and it is suspended from this barrel at the time of a shot, when the downstream end of the barrel lifts under the effect of the blast of the explosion of the gas.
- the purpose of the ballast is to limit the pivoting of the barrel in the direction of arrow A and to ensure the return of this foot to its initial position.
- a safety line 22 connects the base of the foot 14 to the base 13.
- This cable is on the one hand fixed to a flange 23 anchored in this base and on the other hand to a flange 24 fixed to the foot 14.
- a pin d 'stop 25 is also fixed in the base 15 through the sole 9 and the rubber plate 16 to prevent, if necessary, the foot from falling from this base after a shot.
- Ignition means 54 which will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4, are mounted floating to avoid lightning problems and overcome the rear part of the barrel 12.
- FIG. 2 Another embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the foot 114 is not ballasted, unlike foot 14 of Figure 1 and the ballast 115 intended to accelerate the fall of the mouth of the barrel after a shot and to prevent this barrel from rising too high under the action of forces generated by the blast of the explosion, mounted in the vicinity of the mouth of the barrel.
- a ballast is mounted on the barrel near its mouth. It is preferably in the form of a tank 116 having an upper opening 117 into which it is possible to pour shot or concrete in sufficient quantities.
- FIG. 3 represents a detail view illustrating the upstream part of the barrel 12 proper illustrated by FIG. 2, with the connection terminals 50 and 51 of two spark plugs, the nozzles 52 and 53 for supplying the combustible gas and oxygen and the ignition means 54.
- a flexible conduit 55 connects these ignition means to the nozzle 53 for supplying oxygen.
- a protective cover 56 is arranged so that it can be folded and adapted over these various members.
- the ignition means 54 comprise a pressure switch 30 arranged to control two microswitches 31 and 32 with two states having three output terminals, namely a terminal C called common output, a terminal T called work terminal and a terminal R called the rest terminal.
- the ignition means also comprise, in the example shown in which two spark plugs 26 and 27 are respectively provided to ensure the ignition of the mixture of detonating gas, two capacitors 33 and 34, two cells or batteries d accumulators 35 and 36 and two igniters 37 and 38.
- the pressure switch 30 is connected to the oxygen supply conduit by the flexible conduit 55 or can be mounted directly on said conduit.
- the microswitches 31 and 32 have two states.
- the first state is obtained when no gas circulates in the conduits and there is no pressure in the pressure switch 30.
- the capacitors 33 and 34 are then in closed circuit with the igniters 37 and 38, the battery / capacitor circuits being open.
- the second state is obtained when one of the two gases circulating in the conduits creates a slight overpressure in the pressure switch 30, which causes a change of state of the microswitches 31 and 32 and the passage of the state rest at work.
- the batteries 35 and 36 being connected in closed circuit to the capacitors 33 and 34 and the capacitor / igniter circuit being open, the capacitors are charged during the gas injection period.
- the pressure on the membrane of the pressure switch 30 becomes zero and the microswitches 31 and 32 return to the idle state closing the capacitor / igniter circuit and opening the battery / circuit capacitor. Each capacitor then discharges completely into the corresponding igniter and causes a spark train on the spark plug concerned for approximately 4 to 5 s. The microswitches remain in this state until the next gas injection.
- said first state is obtained when oxygen circulates in the pipe and creates, via the flexible hose 55, a pressure in the pressure switch 30. At the time of the discharge of the capacitors, the latter generate a train of sparks in the candles they fuel respectively.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98924520A EP0991912B1 (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche |
US09/446,240 US6374717B1 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Device for provoking an avalanche |
DE69801581T DE69801581T2 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Vorrichtung zur auslösung einer lawine |
AT98924520T ATE205298T1 (de) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Vorrichtung zur auslösung einer lawine |
JP50540099A JP3956060B2 (ja) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | 雪崩開始装置 |
CA002292812A CA2292812C (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9708246A FR2765321B1 (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1997-06-26 | Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche |
FR97/08246 | 1997-06-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999000638A1 true WO1999000638A1 (fr) | 1999-01-07 |
Family
ID=9508668
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1998/000972 WO1999000638A1 (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Dispositif de declenchement d'une avalanche |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6374717B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0991912B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3956060B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE205298T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2292812C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69801581T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2163278T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2765321B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999000638A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2925152B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-14 | 2013-06-28 | Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
DE102009037705B4 (de) | 2009-08-18 | 2014-03-27 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auslösen von Lawinenabgängen |
FR2953922B1 (fr) | 2009-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
FR2958739B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-05-11 | Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanche |
FR2964732B1 (fr) | 2010-09-14 | 2013-06-14 | Alp Artifices | Projectile pour declenchement d'avalanche |
US8596929B2 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-12-03 | James R. Hughes | Avalanche control system and method |
US11333474B2 (en) * | 2016-08-07 | 2022-05-17 | Explosive Alternatives, Inc. | Apparatus and method for blasting |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5107765A (en) | 1988-03-03 | 1992-04-28 | Jacob Schippers | Process and device for triggering an avalanche |
-
1997
- 1997-06-26 FR FR9708246A patent/FR2765321B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-06-22 EP EP98924520A patent/EP0991912B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 JP JP50540099A patent/JP3956060B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-22 US US09/446,240 patent/US6374717B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 DE DE69801581T patent/DE69801581T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 ES ES98924520T patent/ES2163278T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 CA CA002292812A patent/CA2292812C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 AT AT98924520T patent/ATE205298T1/de active
- 1998-06-22 WO PCT/IB1998/000972 patent/WO1999000638A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5107765A (en) | 1988-03-03 | 1992-04-28 | Jacob Schippers | Process and device for triggering an avalanche |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002506512A (ja) | 2002-02-26 |
CA2292812A1 (fr) | 1999-01-07 |
JP3956060B2 (ja) | 2007-08-08 |
DE69801581D1 (de) | 2001-10-11 |
FR2765321B1 (fr) | 1999-09-17 |
EP0991912B1 (fr) | 2001-09-05 |
DE69801581T2 (de) | 2002-07-11 |
ES2163278T3 (es) | 2002-01-16 |
CA2292812C (fr) | 2006-09-12 |
ATE205298T1 (de) | 2001-09-15 |
FR2765321A1 (fr) | 1998-12-31 |
EP0991912A1 (fr) | 2000-04-12 |
US6374717B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
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