WO1998055896A1

WO1998055896A1 - Liquid crystal display element and method of manufacturing the same

Info

Publication number: WO1998055896A1
Application number: PCT/JP1998/002470
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hirofumi Kubota; Kenji Nakao; Tsuyoshi Uemura
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1997-06-04
Filing date: 1998-06-03
Publication date: 1998-12-10
Also published as: KR100401450B1; KR20000068035A; CN1234874A; KR100328390B1

Abstract

A liquid crystal display element having a macromolecular liquid crystal complex layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and retained in a continuous matrix layer comprising a macromolecular compound, or in which liquid crystals are dispersed and retained in the network of a three-dimensional reticulate matrix containing a macromolecular compound, wherein a region other than a non-display region, in which cracks occur, in the vicinity of a sealant is used as a display region, whereby a stripe-form nonuniform image will not be visually observed on a display screen. A liquid crystal display element having a macromolecular liquid crystal complex layer disposed between first and second substrate is provided with a clearance layer between the second substrate and the macromolecular liquid crystal complex layer. A side clearance layer is further provided between an inner circumferential surface of the sealant and an outer circumferential surface of the macromolecular liquid crystal complex layer.

Description

Description Liquid crystal display element and its manufacturing method and technology

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystals are dispersed in a polymer compound, and a method for producing the same. . Background technology

The high molecular dispersive liquid phase display element is a display method that utilizes the light scattering effect of a complex composed of a liquid crystal and a high molecular compound. Unlike a conventional liquid crystal display element such as a tuned nematic (TN), a polarizer for obtaining linearly polarized light is not required. Therefore, due to its high light utilization efficiency, it has been attracting attention as a next-generation liquid crystal display element, and research and development has been actively pursued.

The above-mentioned high molecular weight dispersed liquid crystal display elements can be classified as follows. First, the nematic liquid crystal, called NCAP (Nematic Curvilinear Aligned Phase), is microcapsulated using a polyvinyl alcohol or the like. There are ⁵ powers. Second, roughly spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets, called PDLCs (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals), are separated independently from each other in a high molecular weight matrix. Some are scattered (for example, Society for information dislay international symposium digest '90 P.227-230). Third, the liquid crystal droplets are not independent of each other, and some of them are present in a state where they are in contact with each other and are connected to each other (for example, in the case of No. 22). Proceedings of the Conference on Liquid Crystal Symposium, p.403-404, 1996). Furthermore, the fourth is called PNLC (Polymer Network Liquid Crystal), In some cases, the polymer resin has a structure that spreads in a three-dimensional network in a continuous liquid crystal phase (for example, US Pat. No. 5,304,233, No. 1). Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Liquid Crystal Symposium, p.

In the conventional polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element, it was customary to adopt only one of the above-mentioned structures.

Here, for example, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element (FIG. 31 (a)) in which a part of liquid crystal droplets are in contact with each other and exist in a connected state. Was produced by the following method.

First, the opposing upper substrate 1001 and lower substrate 1002 are pasted together via the sealing material 1006 so that the gap is uniform. Let it go. Next, a mixture containing a liquid crystal material and a polymerizable monomer is injected between the upper substrate 1001 and the lower substrate 1002, and the polymerization temperature and the irradiation intensity are adjusted. Irradiate the mixture with ultraviolet rays, setting so that the conditions are constant. By this, by polymerizing the monomer, the liquid crystal material and the monomer are phase-separated and the phase is separated. The ultraviolet rays are applied so that the above-mentioned irradiation intensity is uniform in the nonelastic plane.

As a result, depending on the conditions described above, the state in which the liquid crystal material is dispersed in the polymer matrix between the two substrates, or the polymer material is dispersed in the polymer matrix. A state is formed in which the liquid crystal material is continuously connected and dispersed in the mixture (for example, a flat-n-one display '91, However, however, the liquid crystal droplets that are actually used in TFT-type liquid crystal panels are completely independent of each other. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element having the above-mentioned structure has problems such as low contrast, poor contrast, and high driving voltage due to low scattering properties. You

The reduction in dispersibility as described above is due to the following reasons. Immediately, In the case of an independent liquid crystal droplet, its particle size is about 0.8 m, which is equivalent to about 69% in liquid crystal fraction. If the particle size and the liquid crystal fraction are larger than these, a part of the liquid crystal droplets will be in a connected state. Here, for example, when the wavelength of the incident light is about 0.4 zm, the droplet diameter of the liquid crystal is required to be about 1.2 m in order to obtain a sufficient scattering property. It becomes. This corresponds to a liquid crystal fraction of about 75%. However, as described above, mutually independent liquid crystal droplets have too small a particle size and thus have low scattering properties. This results in degradation of the contrast. The driving voltage is increased for the following reason. In other words, in order to obtain the same dispersibility as in the case of liquid droplets in which parts are in contact with each other and connected to each other, in the case of mutually independent liquid crystal droplets, the above is described. As described above, the scattering is low, so it is necessary to increase the non-gap. As a result, the driving voltage increases.

In addition, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal display element having a structure in which a part of liquid crystal droplets are connected to each other, or a polymer network-type high molecular weight element. In the dispersion type liquid crystal display element, cracks occur in the high molecular weight resin related to the display area from the vicinity of the seal material due to the temperature change in the surrounding area, resulting in a streak-like display element. There is a problem that occurs.

For example, in order to evaluate the reliability of the temperature characteristics of the above-mentioned molecular dispersion type liquid crystal display element, the display mura is required to be performed for a certain period of time in a high-temperature environment. The present inventors have found that this occurs when performing an inspection process of cooling the product to room temperature after leaving it. The mechanism by which such display mura occurs will be described below. Immediately, when the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element is left at a high temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours, for example, as shown in FIG. The resin 105 and the liquid crystal 104 expand. Here, the sealing material 1005 supporting the substrate also expands with the temperature, but the degree of expansion is significantly smaller in the sealing material 1005. Therefore, the cross section of the liquid crystal panel Is deformed convexly on the upper and lower substrates. At high temperatures, the viscosity of the liquid crystal sharply decreases, so that the liquid crystal easily flows. In addition, the peripheral portions of the upper substrate 1001 and the lower substrate 1002 are fixed by a seal material 105. Therefore, the composite layer 1003 receives pressure from the upper substrate 1001 and the lower substrate 1002 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. Therefore, the liquid crystal in the vicinity of the seal material 106 receives the pressure and flows into the inside of the panel. Next, when the liquid crystal panel is cooled down to room temperature, the viscosity of the liquid crystal increases at room temperature. As a result, the liquid crystal flowing to the central portion of the liquid crystal panel does not return to the vicinity of the seal material 1006, and as a result, the liquid crystal flows near the seal material 1006. The liquid crystal density decreases. For this reason, when pressure is applied to the high molecular weight resin matrix near the seal material 106 from the upper substrate 101 and lower substrate 102, the Cracks 1 0 7 occur. (Refer to Fig. 31 (c).) Therefore, streaky display mura appears on the periphery of the display screen.

As described above, in the case of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element having a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are completely independent of each other, a streak-like display pattern is displayed on the display screen. Is not visible, but the contrast is inherently low. On the other hand, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element having a structure in which some of the liquid crystal droplets are interconnected with each other, or a polymer net-shaped high element. In the molecularly dispersed liquid crystal display element, the contrast is good, but a streak-like display mura is visually recognized on the display screen. Immediately, a high molecular weight dispersive liquid crystal display element that has achieved a good contrast and prevented the occurrence of display glare has been found so far. I wasn't.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned streaky display mura caused by the occurrence of a crack also occurs in a mechanism as described below. Note that the streaky display mura described here has a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are independently and dispersed in a polymer resin matrix called PDLC. It also occurs in the case of polymer dispersed liquid crystal display elements. In the following, this PDLC will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 32, the high molecular dispersive liquid crystal display element is composed of an upper substrate 211 on which display electrodes 210, 210, and 204 are formed, and a lower substrate, as shown in FIG. The composite layer 210 is sandwiched between the composite layer 210 and the substrate 102. A color filter monolayer 2106 is formed between the upper substrate 2101 and the display electrode 2104. The composite layer 2103 is formed in close contact with the upper substrate 2101 and the lower substrate 2102. The composite layer 2103 has a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a matrix phase composed of a high molecular compound.

In the above-mentioned high molecular dispersion type liquid crystal display element, the sealing layer 2 10 3 expands or contracts due to a change in the surrounding temperature, and the seal material 2 10 There is a problem that cracks occur in the high-molecular resin in the vicinity of 5 and streaky display mura occurs.

For example, in order to evaluate the reliability of the temperature characteristics of the above-mentioned polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element, it is necessary to perform the display for a certain period of time in a high-temperature environment. Occurs when performing an inspection process such as a heat shock that cools down to room temperature after leaving it unattended. Immediately, when the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display element is left at a high temperature for a certain period of time, as shown in FIG. 33 (b), the composite layer 2 103 becomes Inflate. Here, under the above-mentioned environment, the viscosity of the composite layer 2 103 rapidly decreases, so that the fluidity of the composite layer 2 103 increases. . Further, the peripheral portions of the upper substrate 2101 and the lower substrate 2102 are fixed by a seal material 105. Therefore, the composite layer 2103 receives pressure from the upper substrate 2101 and the lower substrate 2102 in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure. As a result, the high molecular weight resin flows into the center of the liquid crystal panel, so that the center further expands (see FIG. 33 (c)). Next, when the liquid crystal panel is cooled to room temperature, the fluidity is reduced due to the increase in the viscosity of the composite layer 210, so that the vicinity of the seal material 210 is reduced. As the density of the liquid crystal decreases, As a result, cracks 110 occur near the seal material 210 (see Figure 33 (d)). As a result, streaky display unevenness occurs at the periphery of the display screen.

Furthermore, if the composite layer 2103 is in close contact with the upper substrate 2101 and the lower substrate 2102 as in the above-mentioned conventional polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element, for example, There is a problem that when the display screen is pressed by the user input, a display blur occurs on the display screen.

This problem is described in detail below. FIG. 34 is a plan view of a conventional polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element as viewed from the upper substrate 211 side. When point A shown in the figure is pressed from the lower substrate 2102 side, the composite layer 2103 is in a state of being in close contact with the upper substrate 2101 and the lower substrate 2102. In addition, the composite layer 2103 also extends along with the upper substrate 2101 and the lower substrate 2102 (see Fig. 35). As a result, the liquid crystal panel bends most flexibly at the radial portion 2 1 2 1 · 2 1 2 1 between the upper substrate 2 101 and the composite layer 2 10 3 and the lower portion. Between the substrate 2102 and the composite layer 2103, a shear stress 2122 is generated in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure. Due to the effect of the shear stress 2 122, the minute space surrounded by the polymer resin has a length in a direction perpendicular to the upper substrate 2 101 from the spherical initial state. It is deformed into a flat, small space whose height is smaller than the length in the direction parallel to the upper substrate 2101 (see Figure 36). As a result, the liquid crystal molecules confined in the flat microscopic space are arranged in the shear stress direction. Therefore, when the electric field is turned off, the transmitted light is scattered in the region 211 to have a cloudy appearance. However, in the wing-shaped area 2110, the refractive index in the incident direction is small, the scattering is weak, and the wing has a slightly transparent appearance. Display glare appears on the screen (see Fig. 34). On the other hand, when the electric field is ON, the threshold voltage in the wing-shaped region 211 is smaller than that in the region 211. If the threshold voltage changes, the threshold voltage changes. Therefore, in this case as well, a display blur occurs.

In addition, the above-mentioned conventional high-molecular-weight dispersive liquid crystal display element has a color mixture between the color material films R, G, and B in the color filter-layer 211. The problem is that there is a problem of the occurrence of light and black matrices, which lowers the light utilization efficiency.

That is, as shown in FIG. 37, for example, the incident light from the lower substrate 2102 side is scattered when entering the composite layer 2103. . Here, a part of the scattered incident light is absorbed by the black matrix, and light loss occurs. On the other hand, the other light passes through the composite layer 2103 and reaches the color material film G in the color filter layer 2106. Furthermore, when the light enters the upper substrate 2101 from the color material film G, the light is scattered in a radial manner. Here, when the upper substrate 2101 is made of glass or the like, its refractive index _ng (for example, _ng = 1.5) has a refractive index in air n _ai , (= 1.0). Therefore, some of the scattered light is totally reflected at the boundary between the upper substrate 211 and air. When the totally reflected light is incident on the adjacent color material film B, color mixing occurs.

Furthermore, the conventional polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element of the related art has the following problems. Immediately, an electric field is applied to the composite layer 2103, and the display state is inspected for the presence of a dot defect or a line defect on the display screen. This inspection process is performed after the liquid crystal material is poured into the assembled empty cell to form a liquid crystal cell (this is the case with the TN type etc.). The same is true for conventional liquid crystal display elements.) Therefore, if a defect on the display screen caused by a defect in the composite layer 2103 or the like is confirmed, an expensive color filter layer or the like may be used. However, there is a problem that the cost is increased because even the opposite substrate provided with the device is discarded. Summarizing the above, the conventional polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display element described above raises the following problems.

• A high molecular weight dispersive liquid crystal display element having a structure in which the liquid crystal droplets are completely independent of each other has poor contrast due to low scattering properties, and High drive voltage ₀

• Deflection of the liquid crystal panel and display mura due to heat shock tests for reliability evaluation, etc. are generated.

• When a color filter is displayed with a single layer of color filter, color mixing between the color material films R and G'B may occur, or black color may occur. The light loss due to the bear matrix causes a decrease in the efficiency of light ffl.

• If a defect is found by the display inspection, even the opposing substrate provided with an expensive color filter—layer or the like may be discarded. This leads to high costs. Disclosure of the invention

The group of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned situation, and the first purpose is to prevent the occurrence of streak-like display mura. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element excellent in display characteristics such as contrast and scattering properties, and a method for producing the same. The second purpose is to provide a liquid crystal display element that suppresses the occurrence of display glaring and color mixing, and is excellent in display quality and temperature characteristics. We are to provide manufacturing method.

It should be noted that the group of inventions is based on identical or similar ideas. However, since each of these inventions is embodied by a different embodiment, this group of inventions will be referred to in this specification. Each closely related invention is classified as a first invention group and a second invention group. In the following, the content of each category (invention group) will be described in order. This is explained below.

(1) Invention group I

The first invention group has been made in order to achieve the above-mentioned first object, and mainly eliminates streaky display blurs on the display screen, and The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having excellent display characteristics such as contrast and scattering properties, and a method for manufacturing the same. In other words, in order to achieve the first purpose, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, each of which has an electrode on its inner surface. The liquid crystal display element is disposed between the obtained pair of substrates, and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a sealing material. Matrix composed of high molecular compounds Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a continuous phase, or a three-dimensional network matrix composed of polymeric compounds The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the eyes, and is formed such that the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material are in close contact with each other. The main body in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is a display area, and the polymer liquid crystal composite is In this case, the periphery near the seal material is divided so as to be a non-display area. Further, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display area contains a high molecular compound. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a state where they are connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase comprising a polymer, or a three-dimensional network matrix comprising a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the mesh network. The particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the display area or the distance between the meshes and the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area are used. It is characterized in that it is formed so as to have a different grain size or mesh size.

According to the above configuration, the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets or the distance between the meshes in the non-display area is different from the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets or the distance between the meshes in the display area. Is formed, for example, when the surrounding temperature is high. When a reliability test or the like is performed in an environment where the temperature changes to a low temperature, it is possible to prevent a crack from being generated in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer near the seal material.

Specifically, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area or the distance between the meshes is smaller than the particle diameter of the liquid crystal droplets in the display area or the distance between the meshes, and near the seal material. If the liquid crystal droplets have a structure in which the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed independently of each other in the region, the liquid crystal will not move toward the center even if the surrounding temperature increases. As a result, the liquid crystal density in the non-display area near the seal material is prevented from lowering, so that cracks can be prevented. On the other hand, if the size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area or the distance between the meshes is larger than the diameter of the liquid crystal drops in the display area or the distance between the meshes, the flow of the liquid crystal is facilitated. be able to . In other words, if the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets or the distance between the meshes is large, the expansion of the liquid crystal at a high temperature and the sudden increase in the pressure received from the surrounding polymer resin at the time of cooling. The liquid crystal follows any change, and it is possible to easily move the liquid crystal droplet. As a result, a decrease in the liquid crystal density in the non-display area near the seal material is suppressed, so that the occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

However, in the display area, a polymer liquid crystal other than a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are held in a state of being dispersed independently of each other in a matrix containing a polymer compound. Since the composite layer is formed, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display glare in a favorable state of the contrast.

Since the test time in the above-described reliability test varies, if the test time is short, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area or the distance between the meshes may not be sufficient. By making the difference between the liquid crystal droplet diameter in the display area and the distance between the meshes slightly different from each other, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned first purpose, polymer liquid crystal composite layers in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound are provided with electrodes on the inner surface. The liquid crystal display element is disposed between a pair of substrates, and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a sealing material. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous matrix containing a molecular compound, or in a three-dimensional network matrix containing a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held, and is formed such that the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material are in close contact with each other, and The main body of the composite layer is divided into a display area, and the periphery of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the vicinity of the seal material is divided into a non-display area. Further, the high-molecular liquid crystal composite layer in the display area includes a high-molecular compound. In the matrix continuous phase, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a state of being partially connected to each other, or a three-dimensional network matrix including a polymer compound. Liquid crystals are dispersed and held in the mesh network, and the liquid crystal fraction in the display area is different from the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area. It is characterized by being formed in

According to the above configuration, for example, the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the display area are formed to be different from each other, for example. Cracks occur in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer near the seal material when a reliability test, etc., is performed in an environment in which the surrounding temperature changes from high to low temperatures. Can be prevented.

Specifically, the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is smaller than the liquid crystal fraction in the display area, and in the area near the seal material, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed independently of each other. In this case, the liquid crystal is difficult to move toward the center even if the surrounding temperature increases. As a result, the liquid crystal density in the non-display area near the seal material is prevented from lowering, so that cracks can be prevented. On the other hand, the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is larger than the liquid crystal fraction in the display area. In such a case, the size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area or the distance between the meshes is larger than the size of the liquid crystal droplets in the display area or the distance between the meshes. As a result, the flow of the liquid crystal can be facilitated. In other words, the liquid crystal follows the sudden expansion of the liquid crystal at high temperatures and the sudden change in the pressure received from the surrounding polymer resin during cooling, and the liquid crystal easily interspaces between the liquid crystal droplets. It is possible to move to. As a result, a decrease in the liquid crystal density in the non-display area near the sealing material is suppressed, so that the occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

However, in the display area, a polymer liquid crystal composite other than a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are maintained in a state of being dispersed independently of each other in a matrix containing a polymer compound. Since the body layer is formed, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display blur while maintaining a good contrast. Since the test time in the reliability test as described above is different, if the test time is short, the liquid crystal fraction of the non-display area and the display area of the display area are reduced. By making the difference from the liquid crystal fraction slightly different, the occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

Here, the difference between the liquid crystal fraction in the display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is preferably at least 5% or more.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the first purpose, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, and an electrode is provided on the inner surface thereof. The liquid crystal display element is disposed between a pair of substrates provided, and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a sealing material. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a molecular compound, or in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix containing a polymer compound. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the liquid crystal layer, and are formed such that the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material are in close contact with each other. Of the entire region in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, Except for the region but that occur Is used as the display area.

As described above, for example, the area near the seal material where cracks occur when a reliability test in which the surrounding temperature changes from high to low temperature is performed is displayed in the display area. By not including the configuration, it is possible to prevent the streak-like display mura caused by the crack from being visually recognized on the display screen.

Further, in order to achieve the first object, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, and an electrode is provided on the inner surface. The high molecular liquid crystal composite layer is a liquid crystal display element that is arranged between a pair of substrates provided and that is bonded to the pair of substrates by a seal material. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase composed of a polymer compound, or a three-dimensional network matrix composed of a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the eyes, and is formed so that the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the sealing material are in close contact with each other. Cracks generated in the vicinity of the seal material in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer It is characterized in that a material mainly composed of liquid crystal is filled in the inside of the device.

As in the above configuration, by closing the inside of the crack with a substance mainly composed of liquid crystal, the difference in the refractive index between the crack and the surrounding polymer liquid crystal composite layer is reduced, and this is achieved. As a result, the crack itself can be made inconspicuous.

Furthermore, in order to further achieve the first object, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, each of which has an inner surface. A liquid crystal display element which is disposed between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes and which is bonded to the pair of substrates by a sealing material; Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase composed of a polymer compound, or a two-dimensional network matrix composed of a polymer compound. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the mesh. In addition, a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.5 mm or more is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the seal material, and a surface is provided inside the frame-shaped area. It is characterized in that a display area is provided.

In the above configuration, the crack is located in a frame area of at least 1.5 mm or more from the inner peripheral edge of the seal material regardless of the size of the liquid crystal panel. appear . By providing the display area at least inside the frame-shaped area at least, it is possible to reliably prevent a crack from being generated in the display area. As a result, a streaky display blur caused by the crack does not appear on the display screen.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the first object, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, and an electrode is provided on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element which is disposed between a pair of substrates provided and which is bonded to the pair of substrates by a seal material, wherein the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer includes: A display region and a frame-shaped non-display region are provided on an outer peripheral edge of the display region, and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display region includes a matrix including a polymer compound. In the continuous phase, the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a state where the liquid crystal droplets are connected to each other, or are contained in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix containing a polymer compound. The liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held, and the high In the liquid crystal composite layer, substantially spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets were maintained in a matrix composed of a polymer compound and dispersed independently of each other. It is characterized by being a thing.

With the above configuration, the liquid crystal droplets have a structure in which the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed independently of each other in the region near the sealing material, and the temperature around the liquid crystal droplets rises. Is also difficult to move toward the center. As a result, the liquid crystal density in the non-display area near the seal material is prevented from lowering, and the Can be suppressed from occurring. However, in the display region, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a high molecular compound in a state where a part of the liquid crystal droplets are connected to each other, or the high molecular compound is dispersed. Since a polymer liquid crystal composite layer having a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held is formed in the network of the three-dimensional network matrix composed and included, the controller is used. In a state where the storage is in a good state, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display blur.

Here, the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned display area may be larger than the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned non-display area. More specifically, the liquid crystal fraction in the display area is in the range of 70% or more and 80% or less, and the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is less than 70%. It is preferred that

Further, the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets in the display area or the distance between the meshes is in the range of 0.8 to 1.4 μm and the non-display area. Preferably, the droplet size of the liquid crystal is less than 0.8 μm.

Further, it is preferable that the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display glare and to further expand the display area.

In order to achieve the first object, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, and the electrodes are arranged on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element which is disposed between a pair of substrates provided and which is bonded to the pair of substrates by a seal material, and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer has A display region, and a frame-shaped non-display region provided on an outer peripheral edge of the display region, wherein the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display region includes a polymer including a polymer compound. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a continuous state in a state where they are connected to each other, or liquid crystals are contained in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix composed of a polymer compound. Drops are kept dispersed The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the non-display region is characterized in that the liquid crystal and the polymer compound are formed in a mutually compatible state. You

As in the above configuration, in the non-display region near the seal material, the liquid crystal and the high molecular compound are held in a mutually compatible state, and formed in a liquid or semi-solid shape. It is. Therefore, cracks do not occur. However, in the display area, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or a three-dimensional network including a polymer compound. Since the polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the matrix network, the display is performed in a state where the contrast is improved. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of mura.

The non-display area is preferably a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display blur and to further expand the display area.

Further, in order to achieve the first object, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, and the electrode is deflected on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element which is disposed between a pair of substrates provided and is bonded to the pair of substrates by a sealing material, and the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer has a small number of layers. A side gap layer is provided in a portion corresponding to a display region and in a portion corresponding to a non-display region between the sealing material and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. It is characterized by the fact that In the above configuration, even when the volume of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer expands or contracts due to a surrounding temperature change, a side gap layer is provided in the vicinity of the seal material where cracks are generated. There is no polymer compound or liquid crystal. Therefore, generation of the crack can be completely prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of streaky display unevenness due to the crack. The non-display area is preferably a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display mura and to further enlarge the display area.

Further, the side gap layer may be a vacuum or may be filled with a gas. When the side gap layer is in a vacuum, even if the volume of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer expands at a high temperature, the volume can be reduced by the side gap layer.

Further, the above-mentioned side gap layer may be filled with a polymer compound. As a result, the breaking strength can be increased as compared with the case where liquid crystal droplets are present in the side gap layer, and as a result, the occurrence of cracks can be suppressed. Power ⁵

Further, in order to achieve the first purpose, the liquid crystal display element has a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound, and an electrode is formed on the inner surface thereof. The liquid crystal display element is disposed between a pair of substrates provided, and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a sealing material. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a matrix continuous phase containing a molecular compound, or in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix containing a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the non-display area, and the polymer-liquid crystal composite debris is disposed in a frame-shaped non-display area located on the inner peripheral edge of the seal material and in a position inside the non-display area. Liquid crystal droplets in the above display area. It is characterized in that the particle size of liquid crystal droplets or the distance between the meshes in the non-display area near the sealing material is larger than the diameter or the distance between the meshes.

According to the above configuration, in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, the liquid crystal droplets in the vicinity of the sealing material are smaller than the particle diameter of liquid crystal droplets in the display area or the mesh interval. The liquid crystal flow can be increased by increasing the particle size of the particles or the mesh spacing. Operation can be facilitated. Immediately, since the diameter of the liquid crystal droplet in the non-display area is large, the connecting portion between the liquid crystal drop and the liquid crystal droplet in the display area is also wide. . As a result, the liquid crystal follows the expansion of the liquid crystal due to temperature and the rapid change in the pressure received from the surrounding polymer resin during cooling, and the liquid crystal easily moves between the liquid crystal droplets. It is possible to move. As a result, while maintaining a good contrast, the generation of cracks in the non-display area is prevented, and the appearance of streaky display unevenness is prevented. You can control your life.

Here, the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned display area may be smaller than the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned non-display area. . More specifically, the liquid crystal fraction in the display area is in the range of 70% or more and 80% or less, and in the non-display area. Preferably, the liquid crystal fraction is greater than 80%.

In addition, the difference between the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned non-display area is at least 5% or more. It is preferable to set it as follows.

Further, the liquid crystal droplets hide area particle size or Ri Oh on interval force ^s 1. 8 ju m than the mesh of a net, the upper Symbol Display area liquid crystal droplets or network It is preferred that the eye separation be within a range of 0.8 im or more and 1.4 m or less.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display blur and to further expand the display area.

In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned first object, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element includes a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on an inner surface. After disposing the liquid crystal high molecular precursor solution containing the molecular precursor, the substrate surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the liquid crystal in the high molecular liquid precursor phase solution is irradiated. And the polymer precursor are separated by polymerizing and curing the polymer precursor described above. Thus, the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a matrix continuous phase composed of a polymer compound, or the liquid crystal droplets are composed of a three-dimensional network matrix composed of a polymer compound. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: a phase separation step of forming a polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in a mesh network. The second ultraviolet light is applied to the area corresponding to the non-display area of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, with the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light applied to the area corresponding to the display area of the composite layer. In the above display area, liquid crystal droplets are partially connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase that includes a polymer compound by making the irradiation intensity smaller than the irradiation intensity of the liquid crystal. Dispersed and maintained in a state where The liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the network of the three-dimensional network matrix, and in the non-display area, a matrix including a polymer compound is formed. It is characterized in that it has a structure in which substantially spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets are held in a dispersed state independently of each other.

According to the above method, in the non-display area, the liquid crystal droplets are maintained in a state of being dispersed independently from each other in the matrix including the polymer compound. Due to this structure, the liquid crystal droplets are difficult to move toward the center even if the surrounding temperature rises. As a result, the liquid crystal density in the non-display area near the seal material is prevented from lowering, so that the occurrence of cracks can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display glare, to manufacture a liquid crystal display element having excellent display characteristics such as contrast, and to achieve the above-mentioned first object. To achieve this, a liquid crystal display element is manufactured by disposing a liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution containing a liquid crystal and a polymer precursor between a pair of substrates, each having an electrode on the inner surface. After that, the surface of the substrate is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cause the liquid crystal and the polymer precursor in the liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution to undergo phase separation by polymerizing and curing the polymer precursor. This As a result, the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the matrix continuous phase containing the polymer compound, or the liquid crystal droplets contain the high molecular compound. Manufacture of liquid crystal display device having a phase separation process for producing a high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in the network of the three-dimensional network matrix thus formed In the above method, the phase separation step is to provide a shielding means for shielding ultraviolet rays in at least a non-display area in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. It is characterized by irradiating the ultraviolet rays.

According to the above-mentioned method, a shielding means for shielding ultraviolet rays is provided in a non-display area, and the ultraviolet rays are irradiated to form a polymer liquid crystal composite layer. Therefore, in the above-mentioned non-display area, the liquid crystal and the high molecular compound are maintained in a state of being compatible with each other, and are in a liquid or semi-solid form. No cracks are formed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of display glaring and to manufacture a liquid crystal display element having excellent display characteristics such as contrast.

The shielding means may be a reflecting plate made of a material that reflects ultraviolet rays. As a result, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, it is possible to easily control the polymerization temperature when the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is formed by irradiating ultraviolet rays.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned first object, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element includes a method in which a liquid crystal display element is provided between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on an inner side surface. And a liquid crystal polymer precursor solution containing the polymer precursor, and then irradiating the substrate surface with an ultraviolet ray to the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal polymer precursor solution. The polymer precursor is polymerized and cured to cause phase separation, whereby a liquid crystal droplet containing a polymer compound is formed. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the continuous phase, or the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the network of a three-dimensional network-like matrix composed of a high molecular weight compound. Method of manufacturing liquid crystal display element with a phase separation process for producing a polymer liquid crystal composite layer Oh one In the phase separation step, the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light for irradiating the region corresponding to the display region of the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer is increased by the above-described polymer-liquid crystal complex. By making the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray irradiating the area corresponding to the non-display area of the coalesced layer larger than that of the second liquid crystal layer, Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a matrix continuous phase containing a high molecular weight compound, or a three-dimensional network containing a high molecular weight compound is formed. The structure is such that liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in the matrix network, and the liquid crystal in the display area in the above-mentioned polymer liquid crystal composite layer The size of the droplets or the distance between the meshes is smaller than the size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area or the distance between the meshes. It is characterized in that it has a strong structure.

According to the above-mentioned method, by irradiating the first ultraviolet ray to the display area, the display area includes a matrix containing a high molecular compound. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and retained in the continuous phase, and liquid droplets are contained in the network of a three-dimensional network-like matrix containing a high molecular weight compound. Is formed so as to have a structure in which dispersion is maintained. At the same time, in the non-display area, the second ultraviolet ray is irradiated, whereby the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area or the distance between the meshes is reduced. The liquid crystal droplets in the display area are formed so as to have a structure larger than the particle size of the droplets or the spacing between the meshes. As a result, the liquid crystal expands due to an increase in temperature and sudden changes in the pressure received from the surrounding polymer resin matrix during cooling. In addition, the liquid crystal can easily flow between the liquid crystal droplets. Therefore, while maintaining a good contrast, the generation of cracks in the non-display area near the seal material is prevented, and the streaks are prevented. It is possible to manufacture a liquid crystal display element in which the occurrence of display glare is prevented.

Further, the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet ray is 50 mW / cm ² or more, and the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray is 20 mW / cm ^{2 or} less. And are preferred. (2) Group II invention group

The second invention group has been made in order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, and suppresses the occurrence of display unevenness, color mixing, etc., and achieves display quality and temperature characteristics. Provided is a liquid crystal display element having excellent properties and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to achieve the second object, the liquid crystal display element is arranged between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and the first and second substrates, and a liquid crystal droplet is formed. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in a polymer compound, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are provided. In the obtained liquid crystal display element, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. However, the region of the gap layer in the substrate plane is at least within the range including the entire display region.

According to the above configuration, the gap layer is formed between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the opposing substrate within a range including at least the entire display area corresponding to the display screen. Yes. Therefore, for example, when the gap layer is provided in the entire region between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer Are not connected in all areas. Therefore, even if a pressing force is applied from the outside, no shear stress is generated. Also, for example, if a gap layer is provided only in the display area between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, the gap is provided from the outside within the display area. Even when the pressing force is applied, no reaction force occurs within the range, and no display blur occurs. On the other hand, shear stress may be generated outside the display area, but even if shear stress is generated, as described above, the display is not performed within the display area. Since no mura is generated, there is no problem for the liquid crystal display device. So, at least In the display area, the generation of areas having different light scattering properties due to the action of shear stress is suppressed, and the display unevenness on the display screen is reduced. be able to .

That is, by providing the gap layer as described above, it is possible to add a function of preventing the occurrence of shear stress generated by bending or the like. As a result, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element which is excellent in display quality, such as reducing display unevenness, and has improved yield.

In order to achieve the second purpose, the liquid crystal display element comprises a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates. And a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, wherein the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is dispersed and held in a polymer compound. The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded to each other via a sealing material, and the first substrate is provided with the polymer liquid crystal. The composite layer is fixed, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the area of the interstitial layer in the substrate surface is small. It is characterized in that it is within the range including the entire display area.

As in the above configuration, even in the case of a liquid crystal display element in which the peripheral portions of the first and second substrates are bonded together via a sealing material, the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal are also used. A configuration in which a gap layer is provided between the composite layer and the composite layer can be applied.

Further, in order to achieve the second purpose, the liquid crystal display element is arranged between a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and the first and second substrates. And a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in the polymer compound. The first substrate and the second substrate are provided with electrodes, and the first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions of the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together via a sealing material. Thus, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A feature of the present invention is that a region of the gap layer in the substrate surface is within a range including at least a region near the seal material.

In the above configuration, even if the volume of the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer expands or contracts due to a change in the surrounding temperature, at least a region near the seal material is formed. Since the interstitial layer is relaxed, the occurrence of the crack can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of streak-like display unevenness due to the crack.

The above-mentioned gap layer may be a fluidized bed. The fluidized bed described above is a layer that does not have a fixed shape and has a uniform fluidity that easily deforms when an external force is applied. Therefore, even if the liquid crystal display element is pressed, the first and second substrates and the high molecular liquid crystal are formed by using the interstitial layer as a fluidized bed as described above. It is possible to prevent a shear stress from being generated between the composite layer and the substrate, and to alleviate the bending of the liquid crystal display element itself.

The fluidized bed may be formed by filling the gap layer with air. In this way, even if the fluidized bed is made of air, the liquid crystal surface with reduced streaks due to pressing and streaks due to cracks is reduced. You can get the indicator. In other words, since a special material is not used as a material for the fluidized bed, a liquid crystal display element excellent in display quality without any cost burden can be provided.

Further, the fluidized bed may contain a liquid crystal material. As a result, even when the liquid crystal material is contained as described above, the liquid crystal in which the display blur due to pressing and the streaky display blur due to cracks are reduced. The display element can be obtained.

The interstitial layer may be a vacuum layer. This prevents foreign substances such as dust from being mixed in the gap layer and the side gap layer, thereby further improving the display quality. Can be raised.

Here, a side gap layer may be provided between the outer peripheral surface of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material.

As a result, even when the volume of the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer expands or contracts due to a change in the surrounding temperature, the high molecular compound is present in the vicinity of the seal material where cracks are generated. No objects or liquid crystals exist. Immediately, the formation of the cracks can be completely prevented since the side gap layer is provided. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of streaky display mura due to the crack.

Furthermore, even if the shape of the seal material is distorted due to, for example, the line width of the pattern for forming the seal material being widened and the seal material is bleeding, the above-mentioned side portions are not removed. By providing the gap layer, it is possible to prevent the seal material from mixing with the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer. In addition, if a certain distance is provided between the seal material and the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer, a predetermined formation pattern is formed when the seal material is printed. This eliminates the need for accurate alignment so that alignment is achieved.

The above interstitial layer and side interstitial layer may be a fluidized bed or a vacuum layer. The above fluidized bed may be formed by filling the interstitial layer and the side interstitial layer with air. Further, the fluidized bed may contain a liquid crystal material.

Further, in order to achieve the second purpose, the liquid crystal display element is provided on the surface of the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer facing the first substrate. A structure in which the first display electrode is formed, and the second display electrode is formed on the surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer facing the second substrate. But it may be.

As described above, the display electrodes are formed on both side surfaces of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer facing the first and second substrates, respectively. An electric field can be applied to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer.

In this case, the second substrate is provided with an optical optics filter layer. You can do it.

By providing one layer of optical color filter as in the above configuration, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element capable of displaying a color. Wear .

Further, the above refraction index of the second substrate eta _epsilon is, if you were satisfy the relationship has come even large Ri by refractive index n _air of air, the refractive index of the upper Symbol second substrate eta _epsilon, between The refractive index η _の of the gap layer satisfies the relationship of equation (1), and the refractive index η _{ρ of the} polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the refractive index η of the gap layer are satisfied. _{It is desirable} that _χ and satisfies the relationship of equation (2).

n _g > η _χ "'(1)

η ρ> η _χ

For example, when light is radiated from the first substrate side by light from the first substrate side, the incident light is scattered when entering the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer. It is. Here, by setting as in the above equation (1), a part of the scattered scattered light is completely absorbed at the boundary between the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer and the interstitial layer. It is reflected. Here, a part of the scattered light totally reflected at the boundary is indirectly transmitted to the adjacent color material film by being totally reflected at the boundary between the second substrate and the air. Includes objects that may be incident on the target and light that is absorbed by the black matrix. Therefore, due to the provision of the interstitial layer, some of the scattered light, which causes color mixing, does not reach the color filter layer before it reaches the color filter layer. It reduces the light absorbed by the black matrix as well as eliminating it in advance. As a result, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of color mixing, to increase the light use efficiency, and to make the display screen brighter.

Further, the second substrate may be provided with an optical reflecting member for reflecting light.

As described above, by providing an optical reflection member on the second substrate, the display liquid crystal element is excellent in display quality, such as preventing display blemishes. Offer Can be provided.

Furthermore, a support member may be provided in the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. Okay.

As described above, by dispersing and arranging the support members in the gap layer provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, For example, even if the above-mentioned gap layer is a vacuum layer, the gap layer can be surely provided with a predetermined gap.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the second purpose, the liquid crystal display element includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and first and second substrates. An electric field is applied to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, in which the liquid crystal droplets are interposed between the liquid crystal droplets and dispersed and maintained in the high molecular weight compound, and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. This is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element having a pair of first display electrodes and a second display electrode, and a switch is provided on the first substrate. A first step for forming a first element and a first display electrode electrically connected to the switching element; and a first step for forming the first element on the first display electrode. The second step for forming the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the third step for forming the second display electrode on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer described above. And a fourth step of inspecting the display state by applying a voltage to the first and second display electrodes, and a fourth step of inspecting the display state. Based on the results of the above inspection, only for the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which the display state is good, the predetermined gap between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the second substrate is determined. And a fifth step in which the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other.

According to the above method, the inspection is performed before the substrate bonding process, so even if a defect is confirmed, it is necessary to dispose of the substrate up to the second substrate as before. There is no. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost in manufacturing the liquid crystal display element, and to manufacture the liquid crystal display element with an improved yield. This is where Wear .

Further, according to the above method, in the fifth step, the first substrate is so formed as to have a predetermined gap between the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer and the second substrate. And the second substrate are bonded together, so that cracks caused by temperature changes in the surrounding area, display irregularities caused by liquid crystal noise, and deflection of solar cells are caused. It is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element which is prevented and has improved display quality.

Further, the second substrate used in the fifth step may have an optical color filter layer formed on its surface in advance.

According to the above-described method, a liquid crystal display element capable of displaying a color is manufactured by reducing the cost and increasing the yield. You can do it. The other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more fully understood from the description below. Also, the advantages of the present invention will become clear in the following description with reference to the attached drawings. Brief explanation of drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an outline of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the invention I group.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an outline of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element.

Figure 3 shows the distance between the seal material 106 and the crack 110 with respect to the release time when the above liquid crystal display element was left at 80 ° C. This is a graph showing change.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a main part of the liquid crystal display element.

Fig. 5 shows the high molecular liquid crystal composite in which the high molecular resin spreads in a three-dimensional network in the continuous phase of the liquid crystal in the above liquid crystal display element. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state of a body layer.

FIG. 6 (a) shows the liquid crystal display elements according to the second embodiment of the invention I group. FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a shape of a liquid crystal droplet in a display area, and FIG. 6 (c) is a cross-sectional schematic view in a non-display area. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the shape of a liquid crystal drop.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display element according to the second embodiment of the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the first invention group.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display element according to Example 4-2 of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display element according to a fifth embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the shape of a liquid crystal droplet in a display area of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the shape of a liquid crystal droplet in a non-display area of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing liquid crystal droplets of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element. FIG. 1 (a) shows a process of forming a display region in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. Fig. 17 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the polymer liquid crystal composite. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a step of forming a non-display area in a layer.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the second invention group.

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the liquid crystal display element is pressed.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the liquid crystal display element. FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a scattering state of light in the liquid crystal display element. FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a gap of the gap layer of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between the pitch P of the color material film and the gap L of the gap layer in the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the second invention group.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display element according to a third embodiment of the second invention group.

FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the second invention group.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the second invention group.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the second invention group.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment in addition to the second invention group.

FIG. 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the mechanism of generation of cracks in a conventional liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 31 (a) is a sectional view of the liquid crystal display element. FIG. 31 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the element, and FIG. 31 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the volume of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is expanding, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a crack has occurred in the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory view schematically showing a display irregularity in the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display element is pressed. FIG. 35 is an explanatory view showing a deformed state of a liquid crystal drop when the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display element is pressed, and FIG. 35 (a) is a view showing a state of the liquid crystal drop before being pressed. FIG. 35 (b) is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the liquid crystal droplet after being pressed.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for generating a crack when the conventional liquid crystal display element is subjected to heat shock, and FIG. 36 (a) is a view showing the mechanism. FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 36 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the volume of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is expanding; Fig. 6 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the polymer liquid crystal composite layer moves to the center, and Fig. 36 (d) shows that the above liquid crystal display element has cracks. It is sectional drawing which shows.

FIG. 37 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a light scattering state in the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display element. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(1) Examples in the first invention group

Hereinafter, the first invention group of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. If so, it is as follows.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display element 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal display element 101 is composed of a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) substrate 102 and a substrate facing the TFT substrate 102. 103, and a polymer liquid crystal composite layer 104 disposed between the TFT substrate 102 and the opposite substrate 103. Further, the display screen of the liquid crystal display element 101 is set so as to be about 6 inches or less.

The TFT substrate 102 is provided with a TFT (not shown) as a switching element and a TFT electrically connected to the TFT on the lower substrate 111. It is configured by forming elementary electrodes 105, source lines 108, and the like. More specifically, the TFT, the pixel electrode 105, the source line 108, and the like are located in a region corresponding to the display region 201 on the lower substrate 111. It is formed and reviewed. Further, an insulating film 109 is provided on the lower substrate 11 1 so as to cover the TFT and the pixel electrode 105. On the other hand, the opposing substrate 103 is formed by forming the opposing electrodes 107 on the upper substrate 112, and furthermore, the opposing substrate 107 is formed on the opposing substrate 107. In this case, an insulating film 109 is provided, and a sealing material 106 for bonding the TFT substrate 102 and the opposing substrate 103 is made of liquid crystal non-metal. It is formed in the shape of a frame around the periphery of the metal.

Here, at least a width of at least 1 .0 is provided between the display area 201 in which the TFT and the pixel electrode 105 are formed and the seal material 106. A frame-shaped non-display area 202 of 5 mm or more is provided.

More specifically, for example, when a liquid crystal cell is left at 80 ° C for a long time, the polymer resin matrix compound inside the liquid crystal panel and the liquid crystal The drops and swell As a result, the liquid crystal panel itself expands. The liquid crystal in the vicinity of the seal material 106 flows into the panel under pressure due to the distortion of the lower substrate 11 1 and the upper substrate 11 2. Thereafter, when the liquid crystal was cooled to room temperature, the liquid crystal flowed into the liquid crystal panel, so that the liquid crystal density in the vicinity of the seal material 106 was reduced, and the liquid crystal density was lowered. The polymer resin matrix near the 106-roll material becomes brittle. Further, cracks 110 are formed in the polymer resin matrix by the pressure applied from the upper substrate 112 and the lower substrate 111 to the polymer resin matrix. Occurs. The area where this crack occurs corresponds to the non-display area 202 described above. Here, the fact that the non-display area 202 is at least a frame-shaped area having a width of 1.5 mm or more is based on the results of FIG. FIG. 3 shows the change of the distance between the seal material 106 and the crack 110 with respect to the leaving time at 80 ° C. As is evident from Fig. 3, even when the leaving time at 80 ° C is 60 hours, the distance between the seal material 106 and the crack 110 is not significant. d (mm) is at most about 1.45 mm. As a result, it is understood that the non-display area 202 only needs to be a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.5 mm. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment, even if a reliability test or the like for changing the surrounding temperature from a high temperature to a low temperature is performed, the crack 110 is not affected. Since a 1.5 mm frame-shaped area (non-display area 202) is provided so that the generation area is not included in the display area 201, No streaky display mura is visible on the display screen. The distance d (mm) between the seal material 106 and the crack 110 is, as shown in FIG. 4, the crack 110 1 generated near the seal material 106. The distance between the innermost crack 110 and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material 106 is shown.

The gap between the TFT substrate 102 and the opposite substrate 103 is 10 m, but in the present embodiment, this is not limited to this. It does not have to be within the range of not less than 3 、 m and not more than 15〃m. the above Within the range of the numerical value of (1), the generation region of the crack 110 is a frame-like region having a width of 1.5 mm or less from the inner peripheral surface of the seal material 106. . Here, the generation region of the crack 110 is dependent on the size of, for example, a liquid crystal panel of 3 inches or more. Absent . Specifically, when the liquid crystal panel is left at a high temperature for a long period of time and then cooled to room temperature, the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 11 are added to the polymer resin matrix. Due to the pressure applied from 1, cracks 110 occur in the polymer resin matrix near the seal 106. The degree to which this pressure is applied has a small effect on the area of the liquid crystal non-cells, and largely depends on the no-gap. . Accordingly, in the above-mentioned numerical range of 3 m to 15 μm, the width from the inner peripheral surface of the seal material 106 is independent of the size of the liquid crystal cell. In the area within 1.5 mm, cracks 110 are formed.

When the panel gap exceeds 15 μm, the driving voltage for driving the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer 104 is greatly increased, while the driving voltage is 3 m. If the diameter is smaller than that, it is not preferable because the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel is increased and the scattering ability is reduced. Therefore, by setting the above-mentioned panel gap within the above-mentioned numerical value range, the driving voltage for driving the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 104 can be reduced. A significant increase can be suppressed, and a decrease in contrast can be suppressed.

The TFT substrate 102 and the counter substrate 103 are not particularly limited as long as at least one of them has a light transmitting property. Therefore, one of the substrates may be an opaque substrate such as a silicon substrate, and in this case, the reflection is provided by using a configuration having a reflection plate. Liquid crystal display elements of the type can be used. The above-mentioned light-transmitting substrate may be, for example, a transparent substrate made of glass, Hidetoshi, or the like, or a plastic substrate. In this case, the material of the TFT substrate 102 and the material of the opposite substrate 103 may be different from each other. The pixel electrode 105 and the counter electrode 107 are, for example, transparent conductive films made of, for example, indium tin oxide (IT).

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer 104 has a structure in which a part of liquid crystal droplets are in contact with each other and are connected. However, the existence form of the liquid crystal droplets is not limited to this. For example, a polymer compound is formed in a three-dimensional network, and this network is formed. It may be a structure in which liquid crystals are dispersed in a state in which liquid crystals are held. Here, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet and the distance between the meshes have a scattering property, that is, a correlation with the gain G. The gain G is represented by the following equation.

G = (ノ "^ nell luminance (nt) / panel illuminance (lx)) X Γ

Considering the relationship between the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet and the gain G, there is an optimum value for the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet in the vicinity of about 1.2 m. More specifically, if it is larger than 1.2 1ηι, the scattering of blue light is reduced, and if it is smaller than 1.2_im, the scattering of red light is reduced. Immediately, in both cases, the gain becomes large, which leads to a decrease in contrast. Therefore, it is preferable that the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets in the display area 201 is set to about 1.2 m, which is the optimum diameter. The distance between the meshes is a value calculated by observing with a microscope or the like and calculating the average value of the distances a to c shown in FIG. 5, for example. As the above liquid crystal, various liquid crystals such as a nematic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, etc., which show a liquid crystal state at around normal temperature can be used. . These liquid crystals may be of one type or a mixture of two or more types. Further, the polymer compound is a polymer compound that has light transmissivity and retains liquid crystal in the polymer resin matrix after the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 104 is formed. If there is, it is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, ultraviolet curable resin, thermosetting (thermal phase separation) resin, etc. You can use. Examples of the above-mentioned UV-curable resin include epoxy resin, acryl resin and the like. On the other hand, the above-mentioned thermosetting resins include, for example, epoxy resins, urethane resins, polyamide resins, urea resins, and polyesters. Resin, etc. are listed.

The above-mentioned sealing material 106 is not particularly limited, but may be a thermosetting sealing material, a UV-curing sealing material, or a thermosetting and UV-curing sealing material. And composite-type sealing materials.

The insulating film 109 and 109 are not particularly limited, and may be any of a polyimid type and a polyamic acid type. It can also be used. Further, an insulating film made of an inorganic compound may be used. When the insulating films 109 and 109 are used as in this embodiment, there is an effect that the voltage holding ratio of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer 104 is further improved.

As described above, the characteristic point of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is that the generation area of the crack 110 is divided into the non-display area 202 and the display area 201 is divided. It is what you are doing. In addition, the non-display area 202 is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.5 mm from the inner peripheral surface of the seal material 106. As a result, on the display screen, a liquid crystal display element having good display characteristics without streak-like display unevenness is obtained. Wear .

If the material of the lower substrate 11 is different from that of the upper substrate 11, the degree of expansion at high temperature is different between the two, so that a single layer of cracks may occur. It gets so good. However, in the present embodiment, the display area 201 is set so that the crack generation area is not included in the display area 201. It is even more effective when the materials are different, such as

Further, in this embodiment, the active matrix drive using the TFT has been described. However, the present invention is limited to this. Instead, a simple matrix drive is fine. Furthermore, the inside of the crack 110 may be closed with a material mainly composed of liquid crystal. By doing so, the difference in the refractive index from the region other than the crack 110 becomes smaller, and the crack 110 becomes less noticeable. is there . As a result, the area in which the crack 110 is generated can be included in the display area, and the display screen can be enlarged.

The method for closing the inside of the crack 110 is not particularly limited. For example, the liquid crystal display element 101 is heated at 80 ° C. The heat treatment method for annealing under the condition of 2 hours can be cited. Further, as a method of closing the crack 110 with liquid crystal, the same method may be employed even if the annealing is performed at a temperature of 60 ° C or more, in addition to the above-described heat treatment method. It has various effects. Also, the number of times of annealing may be performed plural times. When the annealing is performed a plurality of times, the liquid crystal liquidity is increased and the liquid crystal liquid is maintained for a fixed period of time. Therefore, the display area 201 is shifted from the central portion to the non-display area 200. The liquid crystal flows toward 2 and cracks 110 are more likely to close.

(Example 1-1)

The liquid crystal display element according to the first embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment. The above liquid crystal display element was prepared by the following method. Immediately, the pixel electrode 105 and the source line 1 were applied to the lower substrate 111 made of glass by using a vacuum evaporation method and an etching method. 08 and an insulating film 109 were formed to form a TFT substrate 102. On the other hand, on the upper substrate 112, a counter electrode 107, an absolutely green film 109, and the like are formed in the same manner as described above, to obtain a counter substrate 103.

Next, on the above-mentioned TFT substrate 102, as a seal material 106, a thermosetting seal material (Structobond XN21-S, Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) Co., Ltd.) was applied in such a manner that the coating shape would be a frame-like pattern without the liquid crystal inlet. Further, the above-mentioned TFT substrate 102 and the opposite substrate 103 are The non-gap was bonded via the seal material 106 so as to be 1 O ^ m.

Subsequently, between the TFT substrate 102 and the opposing substrate 103, a liquid crystal and an ultraviolet ray curable polymer dispersion material PNM 201 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) were placed. The mixture is introduced by vacuum injection. At this time, the vacuum injection port 1 1 1 formed in the seal material 1 ◦ 6 is not sealed. Later, 3 6 5 nm and the main wave length, and the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays 8 O m W / cm ² (ultraviolet SenTeru Meter UV - Ri by the steel M 0 2 (O over click fabrication plant) (Measurement) to irradiate the ultraviolet rays to polymerize the UV-curable polymer-dispersing material. As a result, a polymer network type liquid crystal element in which liquid crystal droplets are continuously connected and dispersed in the high molecular resin matrix is formed. It is made. The polymerization temperature at the time of irradiating ultraviolet rays was set to 20 ° C. However, the polymerization conditions and the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet rays are not limited to those described above, and may be appropriately set as required.

In addition, the sealing process was performed using a sealing material (trade name: TB3026, manufactured by Three Bond Co., Ltd.). As a result, a liquid crystal display element according to Example 1 was produced. The display area 201 is provided on the inner periphery of the non-display area 202 having a frame shape with a width of 3 mm from the inner periphery of the seal material 106. .

Next, the liquid crystal display element according to the present example was subjected to a reliability test by changing the ambient temperature. Before that, when the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element was observed with a microscope, it was confirmed that no crack was formed in the vicinity of the seal material 106. In the reliability test, the liquid crystal display element was annealed at 80 ° C for 10 hours with an open oven, and then the liquid crystal display element was exposed from the open oven. Removed and cooled at room temperature. When this liquid crystal display element was observed with a microscope, cracks 110 were formed in the high molecular weight resin near the seal material 106. It was confirmed that it was doing. More specifically, the cracks 110 were generated all around the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106. In addition, the crack 110 originated from the sealing material 106 toward the center and reached a maximum area of 1.5 mm. In this way, it is evident that cracks can occur when the liquid crystal display element is placed in an environment where the surrounding temperature changes from high to low. It was. Note that the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is not shown so as to form a frame having a width of 3 mm between the seal material 106 and the display area 201. Since the region 202 is provided, the polymer resin matrix in the display region 201 has good display without cracks. Was.

From the above, the liquid crystal display element where cracks occur in the polymer resin matrix near the seal material 106 due to the temperature change in the surrounding area. Is that the area other than the area where cracks occur is designated as the display area 201, so that no display glare occurs on the display screen, and high reliability and It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element having good display characteristics.

Further, the same experiment was performed by changing the distance between the seal material 106 and the display area 201. The results are shown in Table 1 below. The evaluation criteria for determining the degree of display mura are ◎ when no cracks are generated in the display area 201 and circumstance around the display area 201. A case where a crack has occurred in a part of several pixels, and a case where a crack has occurred in almost all of the surrounding several pixels of the display area 201. Is defined as △, and X is defined as a case where cracks are densely formed and formed several pixels or more inside from the boundary between the display area 201 and the non-display area 202. ing . ( table 1 )

Note) ◎: No cracks in the pixels, 〇: Cracks occur in a part of the surrounding pixels, and cracks are densely spread over several pixels inside from the circumference of X. See Table 1 As is evident, when the spacing is smaller than 1.5 mm, cracks 110 in the polymer matrix may occur in the display area. As a result, it was confirmed that streak-like display mura was generated on the display screen. In other words, it can be said that the region where the crack 110 is generated is within a frame-like region having a width of 1.5 mm from the inner peripheral surface of the sealing material 106. Therefore, when the display area 201 is formed so that the distance from the seal material 106 is at least 1.5 mm, the display blur is eliminated. A good display was obtained. In addition, it is more preferable to secure a gap of 3.0 mm or more as an implementation requirement to achieve the most excellent effects. Here, when the distance between the thermosetting type sealing material 106 and the display area 201 is 3.0 mm, no crack is present in the display area 201. Therefore, the display is good, and the crack 110 is not displayed in the non-display area 2.

It was visible at 0 2. When examining this crack 110, it was found that crack 1

The inside of 10 was found to be empty.

From the above results, the liquid crystal display element according to the present example showed no streaks on the display screen even when cracks 110 were generated, and the liquid crystal display element was excellent. It was confirmed that good display characteristics were exhibited.

(Examples 1-2)

The liquid crystal display element according to the present example 112 corresponds to the above-described first example. The difference between the liquid crystal display element according to Example 1-1 above and the liquid crystal display element according to Example 112 is that the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer 104 The difference is that the entire region is a display region, and the crack 110 is filled with a substance mainly composed of liquid crystal.

First, a liquid crystal display element was produced in the same manner as in Example 11-11. Next, a reliability test was performed on the above-described liquid crystal display element in the same manner as in Example 1_1 described above. After this reliability test, when the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element was observed with a microscope, a crack 110 was found in the polymer resin matrix near the seal material 106. It was confirmed that it was produced. In addition, when the liquid crystal display element 101 was again annealed in an open condition under the conditions of 80 ° C-2 hours, the cracks around the periphery of 110 The substance mainly consisting of liquid crystals existing in the gas flowed into the crack 110 and was closed. At this time, the difference in the refractive index from the region other than the crack 110 became small, and the crack 110 became inconspicuous. Therefore, when a crack 110 is generated, heat treatment or the like is performed to close the crack 110 and make the crack 110 inconspicuous. It has been confirmed that it is effective for

From the above results, it is found that the liquid crystal display element according to the present example shows a streaky display on the display screen even if cracks 110 are generated. Was not conspicuous and showed good display characteristics.

[Second embodiment]

The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. The components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The liquid crystal display element according to this embodiment is different from the configuration of the liquid crystal display element according to the first embodiment in that the polymer liquid crystal composite in the non-display area is different from the liquid crystal display element according to the first embodiment. Body layer The difference is that liquid crystal droplets are individually and independently dispersed in a polymer resin matrix layer composed of a polymer compound.

FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liquid crystal display device according to the present example. As shown in FIG. 6A, a frame-shaped non-display area 202 having a width of about 1.0 mm is provided inside the seal material 106. ing . Further, a display area 201 is provided inside the non-display area 202. In the non-display area 202, the substantially spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets 206 are dispersed and held independently of each other (see FIG. 6 (c)). On the other hand, in the display area 201, a part of the liquid crystal droplets 205 is formed in a structure in which a part of the liquid crystal droplets 205 is in contact with and connected to each other (see FIG. b) See). The display area 201 has a structure in which a polymer resin matrix is formed in a three-dimensional network, and the liquid crystal is dispersed in the network while being held in the network. But it may be. As described above, since the liquid crystal droplets 206 near the seal material 106 have a structure independent of each other, the liquid crystal droplets 206 are not affected when the temperature is increased. It is difficult to move inward. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks in the non-display area 202. On the other hand, as described in the first embodiment, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets and the distance between the meshes have a scattering property, that is, a correlation with the gain G. Preferably, the droplet size is about 1.2 m.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer 200, which is a main component of the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment, can be formed by the method described below.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display element. First, a TFT substrate 102 or a counter substrate 103 on which a pixel electrode 105 and a counter electrode 107 are respectively provided in advance is pasted together with a sealing material 106. In addition, the distance between the TFT 102 and the counter substrate 103 Then, a liquid crystal polymer mixture composed mainly of an uncured resin monomer (high molecular precursor) such as an ultraviolet curable resin and a liquid crystal material is poured. Subsequently, when the liquid crystal polymer mixture is irradiated with an ultraviolet ray, the uncured resin monomer is polymerized and phase-separates into a liquid crystal and a polymer resin matrix.

Here, the ultraviolet light is set so that the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light is different between the display area 201 and the non-display area 202. More specifically, the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray 203 applied to the non-display area 202 is the same as that of the first ultraviolet ray 204 applied to the display area 201. Greater than the irradiation intensity. As described above, by increasing the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray 203, the phase separation between the liquid crystal and the high molecular compound proceeds one layer. Therefore, in the non-display area 202, it is possible to have a structure in which the liquid crystal droplets 206 are individually independent and dispersed. On the other hand, by making the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet ray 204 smaller than the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray 203, the liquid crystal and the high molecular compound can be combined with each other. It is possible to suppress the degree of progress of the phase separation, and therefore, in the display area 201, a part of the liquid crystal droplets 205 is in contact with each other and is continuous. In a state in which the liquid crystal is retained in the three-dimensional network, or the polymer resin matrix is formed in a three-dimensional network, and the liquid crystal is retained in the network. It has an existing structure. As a result, a polymer-liquid crystal composite layer 200 is formed. Note that the width of the non-display area 202 is 1.0 mm because, for example, when the first ultraviolet ray 204 is irradiated, the width from the back side is increased. This is due to the effect of light, and it is difficult to make it smaller than 1.0 mm.

As described above, the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays is determined by the structure of the liquid crystal droplet 205 in the display region 201 and the liquid crystal droplet 206 in the non-display region 202. If is obtained, it is not particularly limited and can be set arbitrarily. However, the higher the intensity of UV irradiation, the more the polymerization proceeds, and the In order to reduce the particle size, the irradiation intensity for irradiating the non-display area 202 needs to be higher than that of the display area 201.

In order to change the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays in the liquid crystal panel, a method of partially disposing the ultraviolet light filter and the liquid crystal panel in the liquid crystal panel is used. Are listed. For example, a cut filter that cuts a wavelength of 370 nm is placed in the display area 201, and a 350 nm filter is placed in the non-display area 202. Place a cut filter that cuts the wavelength. Here, the ultraviolet light irradiated from the same light source is irradiated with the ultraviolet light irradiated to the non-display area 202 by the operation of the cut filter. The intensity can be greater than the display area 201. According to the above method, the number of irradiations can be reduced to one, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

As described above, the characteristic point of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is that the liquid crystal droplet 2 is located in the area near the seal material 106 (non-display area 202). 06 are mutually independent and dispersed structures. As a result, the liquid crystal droplet 206 becomes difficult to move toward the inside even when the surrounding temperature rises, and the liquid crystal density in the non-display area 202 is reduced. Since the degree of deterioration is prevented, the occurrence of cracks can be prevented, and accordingly, the occurrence of display glaring caused by the cracks can also be prevented. However, in the display region 201, since the liquid crystal droplets 205 are dispersed and held in the matrix continuous phase containing the high molecular weight compound, The display blur can be prevented from occurring when the contrast is in a good condition. In addition, since the non-display area 202 is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more, the display area can be further enlarged. it can .

(Example 2)

The liquid crystal display element according to the second embodiment corresponds to the second embodiment. The above liquid crystal display elements were prepared by the following method.

That is, in the same manner as in Example 1 described above, the lower substrate 1 1 made of glass was used. Then, a pixel electrode 105, a source line 108, an insulating film 109, etc. were formed by vacuum evaporation and etching, and a TFT substrate 102 was formed. . Further, after printing the OP-MA-1 (Nippon Gosei Gum Co., Ltd.) on the lower substrate 11 1 by the printing method, it is heated in an open oven. The cured insulating film 109 was formed. On the other hand, a counter electrode 107 was formed on the upper substrate 112 by vacuum evaporation and etching in the same manner as described above. Further, after the opto-ma—AL 5417 is coated on the upper substrate 112, it is cured in the same manner as above to form an insulating film 109. And the opposite substrate 103. Subsequently, on the TFT substrate 102, a thermosetting seal material (Structobond XN 21 1 -S, Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as a seal material 106. (Manufactured by Gaku Co., Ltd.) was applied in such a manner that the application shape was a frame-like pattern lacking the liquid crystal inlet. Further, a glass spacer is sprayed, and the TFT substrate 102 and the opposing substrate 103 are connected to each other through the sealing material 106 to form a non-gap. They were pasted together to make 13 m.

Next, between the TFT substrate 102 and the opposing substrate 103, a liquid crystal and high molecular weight mixed solution containing a liquid crystal and an ultraviolet-curable polymer dispersing material PNM 201 is evacuated. Introduced by injection method.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the ultraviolet reflection is performed so as to shield the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106 and the seal material 106. After placing the plates 210 and 210, an ultraviolet ray generator (trade name: UVA702-IMNSC-BB01, ゥ Shio) using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp as a light source The first ultraviolet ray was irradiated for 60 seconds from the side of the opposite substrate 103 using the device 211). As a result, the high molecules in the regions other than the regions shielded by the ultraviolet light reflecting plates 210 and 210 are polymerized, and the liquid crystal and the high molecular resin resin are polymerized. Separated from Trix. Here, the liquid crystal panel temperature (polymerization temperature) is adjusted so that the surface temperature of the non-cells becomes 19 ° C by the circulating constant temperature tank. Set to. Further, the strength of the ultraviolet UV-ray irradiation of a total of UV - to measure and have use the M 0 2 (manufactured by O over click production plants), 1 0 0 m W / cm 2 and set in the jar by that Do did .

Next, the ultraviolet reflectors 210 and 210 were removed, and the entire panel was irradiated with the second ultraviolet ray for 60 seconds. The irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray was set to be 500 mW / cm ² . As a result, the polymer dispersed material in the non-display region 202 is polymerized, and phase separation is performed between the liquid crystal and the polymer resin matrix. As described above, when irradiating the liquid crystal polymer mixed solution with ultraviolet light, the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light applied to the non-display area 202 is larger than that of the display area 201. By doing so, it is possible to control the morphology of the liquid crystal droplets. That is, if the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light is increased, the phase separation between the liquid crystal and the polymer compound proceeds by one layer, so that the liquid crystal droplets 206 in the non-display area 202 become individual. They exist independently and in a dispersed state. On the other hand, in the display region 201, the liquid crystal droplet 205 exists in a state where a part of the liquid crystal droplet 205 is in contact with and connected to each other.

When the ultraviolet rays are irradiated as described above, the total irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays radiated to the non-display area 202 is 600 mW / cm. ^As a result, the total irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays applied to the display area 201 becomes 500 mW / cm ² . Thus, apparently, the irradiation amount of the ultraviolet light irradiated to the non-display area 202 is larger than the irradiation amount of the ultraviolet light irradiated to the display area 201. No. However, in the display region 201, the phase separation between the liquid crystal and the high molecular weight compound has been completed at the stage where the first ultraviolet irradiation has been completed. . Therefore, the reaction does not proceed even if it is subsequently irradiated with 500 mW / cm ² of ultraviolet light. As a result, the irradiation amount of the ultraviolet rays during the phase separation is substantially large in the non-display area 202. The structure of the above liquid crystal droplet 205.206 was confirmed by the following method. Immediately, a pair of substrates made of glass is pasted together with a seal material, and a liquid crystal high molecular weight mixed solution made of the same composition as described above is injected. Polymerization is performed under the same polymerization conditions to produce a liquid crystal panel. Note that no TFT or the like is formed on the liquid crystal panel. One of the substrates of the prepared liquid crystal panel was peeled off, and the particle diameter of the liquid crystal droplet was measured. In more detail, liquid crystal droplets were observed with a microscope, and the average value of the particle diameter was determined using an image processing device. As a result of the observation, the average particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the display area was 1.2 μm, and a part of them was connected to each other. Was. At this time, the liquid crystal fraction existing in the display region was 75%. On the other hand, the average droplet diameter of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area was as small as 0.6 m, and the liquid crystal droplets were almost independent of each other. . The liquid crystal fraction at this time was 68%.

As described above, the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment also has a liquid crystal droplet in the display area 201 as in the case of the above structure. Reference numeral 205 denotes a structure in which a part of the liquid crystal droplets is connected to each other, and the liquid crystal droplets 206 in the non-display area 202 have a mutually independent dispersion structure. I guessed.

Subsequently, the produced liquid crystal panel was placed in an oven and annealed. The processing conditions were set at 80 ° C and 10 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the state of cracks in the polymer resin matrix was observed under a microscope. As a result, no crack was generated in the polymer resin matrix near the seal material 106, and no display blur was generated in the display area 201. Was confirmed.

In the second irradiation with ultraviolet light, the entire surface was irradiated except for the ultraviolet reflection plate 210, but this was applied to the display area 201 where the first irradiation was performed. Irradiation may be performed by shielding the corresponding area with an ultraviolet reflector 210. This As a result, by blocking the above-mentioned region irradiated at the first time, the effect of suppressing the decomposition of liquid crystal or the like in the display region 201 by ultraviolet rays can be suppressed. There is. Also, the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light can be controlled by changing the lamp intensity of the light source. Specifically, for example, when an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, or the like is used, the wavelength peak of the ultraviolet light is 365 nm, and the ultraviolet light in the visible light range is used. Since the irradiation intensity is low, the decomposition of the liquid crystal can be suppressed, and a decrease in reliability can be prevented. On the other hand, when a metal halide lamp or the like is used, since the lamp intensity exists even in the visible light region, the reliability is improved by decomposing the liquid crystal. There is an issue.

[Third embodiment]

The third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 as follows. It should be noted that components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display elements of the first embodiment or the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and are described in detail. Is omitted.

The liquid crystal display element according to the third embodiment has a higher molecular weight liquid crystal composite than the structure of the liquid crystal display element according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment. The difference is that in the non-display area of the layer, the liquid crystal and the polymer compound are in a dissolved state without being separated from each other.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, in the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106 in the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer 300, as shown in FIG. In this state, the liquid crystal and the polymer compound are dissolved without phase separation. On the other hand, in the display region 201, a part of the liquid crystal droplets is formed in a structure in which the liquid crystal droplets are in contact with each other and exist in a connected state. In the display area 201, the polymer resin matrix was formed in a three-dimensional network, and the liquid crystal was dispersed in a state where the liquid crystal was held in the network. It can be a structure. Such a configuration and As a result, the vicinity of the seal material 106 where cracks easily occur can be made into a liquid or semi-solid shape, and as a result, cracks can occur. It can be prevented. The non-display area 202 is formed so as to have a frame shape with a width of about lmm.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer 300, which is a main component of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, can be formed by the method described below.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a method for producing the liquid crystal display element. First, the TFT substrate 102 or the counter substrate 103 on which the pixel electrode 105 and the counter electrode 107 are provided, respectively, is replaced with the sealing material 106. And stick them together. Further, between the TFT 102 and the counter substrate 103, a liquid crystal height mainly composed of an unhardened resin monomer such as an ultraviolet curable resin and a liquid crystal material is provided. Inject the molecular mixture. Subsequently, only the region corresponding to the display region 201 of the liquid crystal polymer mixture is irradiated with ultraviolet light, and the region corresponding to the non-display region 202 is exposed to ultraviolet light. Shielding means shall be provided to shield the air. As a result, in the display area, in the display area 201, a part of the liquid crystal droplets are present in a state where they are in contact with each other and are connected to each other, or the polymer resin droplets are present. It is possible to obtain a structure in which the treks are formed in a three-dimensional network and the liquid crystal is dispersed in the state where the liquid crystal is held in the network. On the other hand, in the non-display area 202, since the ultraviolet rays are not irradiated, the liquid crystal and the high molecular compound do not separate from each other, and the ultraviolet curable resin and the liquid crystal material dissolve. It is in the state that has been done. As a result, in the non-display area 202, since the above-mentioned ultraviolet curable resin is not solidified, the cracks in the non-display area 202 are generated. Can be prevented.

In the display region 201, the high-molecular resin matrix was formed in a three-dimensional network, and the liquid crystal was dispersed in a state in which the liquid crystal was held in the network. It may be a structure. Also, although the contrast is reduced, the droplets are not compatible with each other. It may be an independent and distributed structure.

(Example 3)

The liquid crystal display element according to the third embodiment corresponds to the third embodiment. A liquid crystal panel was prepared from the above liquid crystal display element in the same manner as in Example 2 above.

Further, in the same manner as in Example 2 described above, the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106 and the seal material 106 were changed to the ultraviolet reflection plate 21. The liquid crystal panel was shielded by 0.210, the surface temperature of the liquid crystal panel was kept at 19 ° C, and the first ultraviolet ray was irradiated from the side of the counter substrate 103. Here, as the irradiation conditions, the irradiation intensity was set to 100 mW / cm ² , and the irradiation time was set to 60 seconds.

As a result, the polymer precursor in a region other than the region shielded by the ultraviolet reflectors 210 and 210 is polymerized, and the liquid crystal and the polymer are polymerized. The phase was separated from the resin matrix. As a result, in the display area 201, a part of the liquid crystal droplets was connected to each other. Furthermore, in the non-display area 202, the liquid was uncured, and was in a liquid state in which a liquid crystal and a high molecular compound were mixed. Here, the liquid crystal panel temperature (polymerization temperature) was set such that the surface temperature of the liquid crystal panel was 19 ° C. by the circulating thermostat.

Subsequently, the prepared liquid crystal panel was placed in an oven and subjected to an anneal treatment. The processing conditions were set at 80 ° C and 10 hours. Then, it was cooled to room temperature, and the state of cracks in the polymer resin matrix was observed under a microscope. As a result, no cracks occurred in the polymer resin matrix near the seal material 106, and no display mura appeared in the display area 201. Display screen was obtained.

[Fourth embodiment]

The following describes the fourth embodiment of the present invention based on FIG. 11. It should be noted that the liquid crystal display elements of the first to third embodiments described above were used. Components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is located in the non-display area in comparison with the configuration of the liquid crystal display element according to the first, second, or third embodiment. The difference is that the lateral interstitial layer is formed without the presence of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 400 is mainly provided only in the display region 201, and the above-mentioned side gap is provided. Layers 4 1 and 2 are in a vacuum state. Therefore, since high molecular weight resin matrix and liquid crystal do not exist in the area where the cracks occur, the occurrence of the cracks can be completely prevented. Becomes possible. The above-mentioned non-display area 202 is not limited to a vacuum state, but may be other gas such as air, nitrogen, or argon, or a high molecular weight substance. It may be filled with a compound or the like. In addition, when the above air is used, it is preferable to use low-humidity and dry air, since the contamination to liquid crystals and the like is reduced.

Further, the display area 201 is formed in a state where the polymer resin matrix is formed in a three-dimensional network, and the liquid crystal is held in the network. It may have a dispersed structure. In addition, although the contrast is reduced, the liquid crystal droplets may be independent and dispersed.

In the second to fourth embodiments, in the layer where the liquid crystal is dispersed in the polymer, the structure near the seal material 106 is replaced with the other parts. Although this structure is different from the structure, in this structure, it is preferable to use the area near the seal 106 as an image display area. For this reason, it is recommended that the image display use an area other than the area near the seal material 106.

(Example 4-1)

The liquid crystal display element according to the fourth embodiment corresponds to the fourth embodiment described above. . The above-mentioned liquid crystal display element was produced as follows.

First, in the same manner as in Example 1 described above, the pixel electrode 105 and the source electrode are formed on the lower substrate 111 made of glass by vacuum evaporation and etching. A TFT substrate 102 was formed by forming a line 108, an insulating film 109, and the like. Furthermore, after printing the OP-AL5 417 on the lower substrate 111 by a printing method, it is heated and cured in an open oven to form an insulating film 109. Formed. On the other hand, a counter electrode 107, an insulating film 109, and the like were formed on the upper substrate 112 by the same method as described above, and the counter substrate 103 was formed. Subsequently, on the TFT substrate 102, the thermosetting seal material was used as the seal material 106, and the coating shape lacked the liquid crystal inlet. It was printed in a frame pattern.

Next, in the region including the display region 201, a liquid crystal mixed solution containing the liquid crystal and the ultraviolet-curable polymer dispersing material PNM201 is added, and the nozzle is applied thereto. The required amount was dropped. Here, as a method of disposing the polymer material in the display area 201, in addition to the above, the non-display area 202 is masked, and the spinner is removed. You can apply it by yourself. In addition, a general printing method such as a mouth color may be used.

Further, a glass spacer is sprayed, and the TFT substrate 102 and the opposing substrate 103 are connected to each other via the above-mentioned sealing material 106 to form a non-contact type. A liquid crystal cell was produced by laminating them so that the squeezing force was ^s 10 Αίm. Here, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the seal material 106 and the display area 201 was set to be about 3 mm. Since the bonding process between the TFT substrate 102 and the opposite substrate 103 was performed in the air, the non-display area 202 near the seal 106 was not provided. It is filled with air.

Furthermore, ultraviolet light was irradiated for 60 seconds from the opposite substrate 103 side using an ultraviolet light generator 211 using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp as a light source. As a result, The polymer precursor in the display region 201 was polymerized and phase-separated into a liquid crystal and a polymer compound. Here, the liquid crystal panel temperature (polymerization temperature) was set to be 20 ° C by a circulating constant temperature bath. Further, the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays was set to be 8 OmW / cm ² .

Here, when the liquid crystal panel was observed, it was found that air was filled in the side gap layer 41 2, and that the display region 201 was high. The molecular liquid crystal composite layer 400 was formed.

Finally, the injection port was sealed using a sealing material (TB3026, manufactured by SleepPond).

Further, when the produced liquid crystal panel was observed with a microscope, cracks were found in the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106. It was not. Next, the liquid crystal panel is opened to 80. C · Annealed for 10 hours and cooled at room temperature. As a result, in the vicinity of the seal material 106, since the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer does not exist, no cracks are generated and the display properties are excellent. A liquid crystal display element was obtained.

(Example 4-2)

The liquid crystal display element according to the example 4-2 corresponds to the above-described fourth example.

The difference between the liquid crystal display element according to Example 41-11 and the liquid crystal display element according to Example 4-2 is that the non-display area 202 is vacuum. The difference is that a polymer resin layer is provided instead (see Fig. 12).

The above liquid crystal display element was produced as follows.

First, the pixel electrode 105, the source line 108, the insulating film 109, and the like are formed on the lower substrate 111 in the same manner as in Example 4-11. Then, a TFT substrate 102 was used. On the other hand, a counter electrode 107, an insulating film 109, etc. are formed on the upper substrate 112 in the same manner as described above, and the counter substrate 103 is formed. Was Subsequently, on the above-mentioned TFT substrate 102, a thermosetting seal material as the seal material 106 was applied, and the shape of the coating was a frame-shaped package having no liquid crystal injection port. It was printed so that it became a turn.

Next, 90% of polymerizable monomer (2-ethylhexyl acrylate) and oligomer (trade name; VISCOAT 828, 9% of a polymerization initiator (trade name: Benzyl methyl kettle, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku) (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry) and 1% of a polymer composition Α was made. Further, a polymer composition B was prepared by mixing the polymer composition A 20% with a liquid crystal material TL205 (manufactured by Merck & Co.) 80%.

Subsequently, the required amount of the polymer composition B was dropped into a region including the display region 201 by a nozzle. Furthermore, after the polymer composition A was dropped into the non-display area 202 with a nozzle, the TFT substrate 102 and the opposite substrate 103 were bonded to each other.

Finally, the liquid crystal cell was irradiated with ultraviolet rays in the same manner as in Example 4 to produce a liquid crystal display element according to the present example.

When the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element was observed, the display area 201 was a high molecular weight dispersed liquid crystal in which liquid crystal droplets were dispersed and held in the resin. The display region 202 had a structure in which only the polymerized polymer resin was present. Immediately, the polymer resin layer 521 was formed.

Subsequently, the fabricated liquid crystal cells were placed in an oven and subjected to a nail treatment. The treatment conditions were set at 80 ° C and 10 hours. After that, it was cooled down to room temperature, and the occurrence of cracks in the polymer resin matrix was observed under a microscope. As a result, cracks did not occur in the polymer resin matrix near the seal material 106, and no display mura appeared in the display area 201. The display screen was obtained.

The reason for the above is that only high molecular weight resin exists near 106 of the seal material. This is because, as compared with the case where liquid crystal droplets are present, the breaking strength is increased with respect to the distortion of the lower substrate 11 1 or the upper substrate 11 12 as compared with the case where liquid crystal droplets are present.

Since the polymer resin layer 521 near the seal material 106 is made of the same material as the polymer resin matrix in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 400, The boundary between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 400 and the polymer resin layer 52 1 becomes less noticeable.

The polymer resin layer 52 1 may be an ultraviolet curable resin or a thermosetting resin. The UV-curable resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer resin that can be cured by ultraviolet rays by containing a polymerization initiator and the like, and is not particularly limited and may be a conventionally known resin. Various things can be adopted. In other words, a good display can be obtained without cracks in the polymer resin layer 521. Further, when the non-display area 202 starts to be polymerized later than the display area 201 when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the polymer resin layer 52 1 and the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer 400 2 Has the effect of making the boundary between

[Fifth embodiment]

The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 13 and 17. Note that components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display elements of the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

The liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is different from the liquid crystal display elements according to the first to fourth embodiments in that the liquid crystal droplets in the display area in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are different. The difference is that the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet in the non-display area is larger than the particle size of the liquid crystal (see Fig. 13).

More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the liquid crystal droplets 501 in the display area 201 exist in a state where a part of them is connected to each other. hand On the other hand, the liquid crystal droplet 502 in the non-display area 202 exists in a state where most of the liquid crystal droplets 502 are connected to each other. Thus, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 501 is clearly smaller than the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 502. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, a connecting portion 503 connecting the liquid crystal droplet 501 and the liquid crystal droplet 502 is a connecting portion 503 connecting the liquid crystal droplets 501 and the same. It is wider than 4. Therefore, even if the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer 500 expands or contracts, the liquid crystal easily flows in the above-mentioned connecting portion 503, so that the sealing material is used. 106 Can prevent cracks from forming in the vicinity. The non-display area 202 is formed so as to be a frame-shaped area, but its width is smaller than the inner peripheral surface of the seal material 106. At least 1. O mm or more.

That is, even if the liquid crystal expands due to heating of the liquid crystal display element, the liquid crystal droplets 502 have a large particle size and the connecting portion 503 is wide. Since the liquid crystal has a configuration, the flow of the liquid crystal is not hindered. On the other hand, when the liquid crystal panel is cooled, the volume of the polymer matrix shrinks, and the polymer matrix is added to the liquid crystal from the polymer matrix. Even if the applied pressure increases rapidly, the liquid crystal flow will not be obstructed for the same reason as described above. Therefore, even if the liquid crystal is collected inside due to being left at a high temperature for a long time, when cooled to the room temperature after that, the liquid crystal has a capacity. It is easy to move between the liquid crystal droplets and return to the non-display area 202. Thus, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks.

Further, as in the case of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, it is preferable that the particle diameter of the liquid crystal droplet 501 in the display area 201 is about 1.2 zrn. On the other hand, in the non-display area 202, when the thickness is about 1.2 μm, at which sufficient gain can be obtained, the flow of the liquid crystal is suppressed and cracks occur. Become easier. However, since the area near the seal material 106 is not included in the display area 201, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 502 is necessarily the optimum particle size. There is no need. So, Taking the above into consideration, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 502 near the seal material 106 and the distance between the meshes of the liquid crystal can be found in the display area 201. Increasing the size also means that it is possible to prevent cracking near the seal material 106 while maintaining the contrast. In this respect, it is more effective.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer 500, which is a main component of the liquid crystal display element according to this embodiment, can be formed by the method described below. .

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a method for producing the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element. First, the TFT substrate 102 or the counter substrate 103 on which the pixel electrode 105 and the counter electrode 107 are respectively provided is replaced with the sealing material 10. Attach them at 6. Further, between the above-mentioned TFT 102 and the opposite substrate 103, a liquid crystal material mainly composed of an uncured resin monomer such as an ultraviolet curable resin and a liquid crystal material is used. Inject the child mixture. Subsequently, the liquid crystal high molecular weight mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet light so as to cause a difference in the progress of the phase separation between the display region 201 and the non-display region 202. Irradiate. Specifically, the display region 201 is irradiated with a first ultraviolet ray, and the non-display region 202 is irradiated with a second ultraviolet ray having a lower irradiation intensity than the above-mentioned first ultraviolet ray. Irradiate with ultraviolet light. As a result, in the above-described display area 201, the degree of progress of phase separation is large, and accordingly, the particle diameter of the liquid crystal droplet 502 becomes small. On the other hand, in the non-display region 202, the degree of progress of phase separation is smaller than that in the display region 201, and therefore, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 501 is large. Become . As a result, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 500 is formed. The width of the non-display area 202 is 1.0 mm, for example, due to the influence of the incident light from the back surface when, for example, irradiating ultraviolet rays. This is because it is more difficult to make the area of the non-display area 202 smaller than this.

Here, in the second embodiment, the second ultraviolet ray was irradiated on the entire surface after excluding the ultraviolet ray reflection plate 210, but this was the first ultraviolet ray. Outside The area irradiated with the line (corresponding to the display area 201) may be shielded by the ultraviolet reflector 210 and then irradiated. Thus, when the liquid crystal in the display region 201 irradiates the second ultraviolet ray, it has an effect of suppressing the decomposition of the liquid crystal and the like due to the ultraviolet ray.

As a means for shielding ultraviolet rays, an ultraviolet ray reflecting plate that reflects ultraviolet rays is used. However, if any other means that have the effect of shielding ultraviolet rays is used, it is a special feature. However, it is not limited to this. Immediately, the means for shielding ultraviolet light does not matter whether it is an absorption type or a reflection type. However, in the case of the absorption type, the temperature rises during UV irradiation, so it is necessary to control the polymerization temperature more than in the case of the reflection type.

Furthermore, the shielding means at the time of irradiating the ultraviolet rays may be arranged so that the relative positions coincide with each other above and below the liquid crystal panel. Further, the side of the liquid crystal panel may be shielded from light by a light shielding tape or the like. As a result, it is possible to shield the incident light from the back surface, and the phase separation process between the liquid crystal and the polymer compound proceeds evenly, and the liquid crystal A liquid crystal panel with a uniform droplet size can be produced. (Example 5)

The liquid crystal display element according to the fifth embodiment corresponds to the fifth embodiment described above. The above liquid crystal display element was prepared by the method described below. First, in the same manner as in Embodiment 2 described above, a pixel electrode 105, a source line 108, an insulating film 109, etc. are formed on the lower substrate 111, and the TFT is formed. Substrate 102 was used. On the other hand, a counter electrode 107, an insulating film 109, and the like were formed on the upper substrate 112 in the same manner as described above, and the counter substrate 103 was formed. Subsequently, after the seal material 106 is printed on the TFT substrate 102 so as to form a frame-shaped return, the above-mentioned TFT 102 and the opposite substrate 103 are printed. And were pasted together.

Further, in the same manner as in Example 2 described above, the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106 and the seal material 106 are connected to the ultraviolet reflection plate 210. twenty one And the surface temperature of the liquid crystal panel is maintained at 19 ° C., and the first substrate is irradiated with an irradiation intensity of 10 OmW / cm ² from the side of the opposite substrate 103. UV light was applied for 60 seconds. As a result, the polymer precursor in a region other than the region shielded by the ultraviolet reflectors 210 '210 is polymerized, and the liquid crystal and the polymer resin matrix are polymerized. And phase separated. As a result, in the display region 201, a part of the liquid crystal droplets had a shape connected to each other. Here, the liquid crystal panel temperature (polymerization temperature) was set so that the surface temperature of the liquid crystal panel would be 19 ° C. by a circulating constant temperature bath.

Next, the ultraviolet reflectors 210 and 210 were removed, and the entire panel was irradiated with a second ultraviolet ray for 240 seconds. Irradiation intensity of the above Symbol the second ultraviolet rays was set to jar by that Do and 1 O m W / cm ^2. As described above, by reducing the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet light, phase separation between the liquid crystal and the high molecular compound is suppressed, so that the weight of the polymer can be reduced. The degree is small. Therefore, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 502 in the non-display region 202 is larger than the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet 501 in the display region 201. Fortunately, the shape of the liquid crystal droplet 502 exists in a state where most of it are connected. On the other hand, in the display area 201, the liquid crystal droplets 501 having a smaller particle size than the liquid crystal droplets 502 contact part of the liquid crystal droplets with each other. They exist in a linked state.

The structure of the above liquid crystal droplets 501 and 502 was confirmed by the following method. Immediately, a pair of substrates made of glass are attached to each other with a seal material, and a mixed solution of a liquid crystal and a high molecule made of a composition similar to that described above is injected. A liquid crystal panel was produced by polymerizing under the same polymerization conditions. It should be noted that no TFT or the like is formed on the liquid crystal panel. One of the substrates of the prepared liquid crystal panel was peeled off, and the particle diameter of the liquid crystal droplet was measured. In more detail, the liquid crystal droplets were observed with a microscope, and the average value of the particle diameter was determined using an image processing apparatus. As a result of the observation, the droplet diameter of the liquid crystal droplets was 1.2 m, and some of them were part of each other. Had a connected shape. On the other hand, the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display area 202 was as large as 2 μm, and most of the liquid crystal droplets were connected to each other. In this case, the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area 202 was 80%.

From the above, in the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment, as in the case of the above structure, the liquid crystal droplet 50 in the display area 201 is also similar to the liquid crystal display element of the above structure. 1 is a structure in which a part is connected to each other, and a liquid crystal droplet 502 in the non-display area 202 is a structure in which most of the liquid crystal droplets are connected to each other. I guessed.

Subsequently, the produced liquid crystal panel was placed in an oven and annealed. The treatment conditions were set at 80 ° C and 10 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the state of cracks in the high molecular resin matrix was observed under a microscope. As a result, no cracks occurred in the polymer resin matrix near the seal material 106, and no display mura occurred in the display area 201. And were confirmed.

The present inventors have found that the lower the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light, the lower the polymerization speed and the larger the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets. Therefore, the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet light applied to the non-display area 202 is smaller than the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light applied to the display area 201. If this is not the case, the droplet diameter of the liquid crystal droplet in the vicinity of the seal material 106 becomes larger than that in the display area 201, and as a result, the above configuration is obtained.

Here, the irradiation intensity of the first and second ultraviolet rays was changed to change the degree of the display unevenness due to the crack and the particle size of the gain and the liquid crystal droplet in the display area 201. And so on. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below. The evaluation criteria described in Table 2 are as follows: ◎ when the contrast ratio is 250, 〇 when the contrast ratio is 100, and コ when the contrast ratio is 100. The case where the contrast ratio is 80 is indicated by Δ, and the case where the contrast ratio is 30 is indicated by X. In addition, the results shown in Table 3 show that the value of the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet ray is different from the value of the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray. The figure shows the case where the radiation intensity is changed to 10, 20, 50, 70, 100, 200, 300, and 400.

(Table 2)

Note) ◎: No cracks in the pixels, ：: Cracks occur in some of the surrounding pixels, △: Cracks occur in all of the surrounding pixels, X: Surrounding. In order for the cracks to be densely formed over a few pixels on the inner side of the liquid crystal and the generated liquid crystal and the contrast ratio of the cell to be 100 or more, the gain G Must be less than 2.5. For this, the irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet irradiated to Viewing area 2 0 1 gain b down the viewpoint et ^{5 0 m W / cm 2 ~} 4 0 0 m W / cm 2 of range Want to be within. Immediately, if it is replaced with the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet, 0.8Αίπ! Corresponds to the range of ~ 1.4〃m. On the other hand, in the non-display area 202 near the seal material 106, the display area In order to eliminate the display glare in 201, it is necessary that the liquid crystal be in a state where it can easily flow during cooling in the reliability test. For this reason, the particle diameter of the liquid crystal droplet in the vicinity of the seal material 106 is desired to be 1.8 m or more from the results in Table 3. This corresponds to a radiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray of not more than ²⁰ mW / cm ² .

(2) Embodiment in the second invention group

Next, the second invention group of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Sixth embodiment]

The following describes the sixth embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 18 and 24. FIG. However, parts that are not necessary for the description are omitted, and some parts are enlarged or reduced for ease of description. The same applies to the following drawings.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the liquid crystal display element according to this example. The liquid crystal display element includes a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) substrate 601 as a first substrate, an opposing substrate 602 as a second substrate facing the TFT substrate 61, and A high molecular liquid crystal composite layer 605 disposed between the TFT substrate and the counter substrate 602. On the inner surface of the TFT substrate 601, a TFT (not shown) as a switching element and a first display electrode electrically connected to the TFT are provided. The display electrodes 603 are formed. Further, a seal material layer 615 for bonding the TFT substrate 601 and the opposing substrate 602 is formed in a frame shape around the periphery of the liquid crystal display element. On the other hand, a counter electrode 604 as a second display electrode is formed on the inner surface of the counter substrate 602. Further, a gap layer 606 is provided between the counter electrode 604 and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. a is provided. The region of the gap layer 600 a in the substrate surface extends over the entire surface of the substrate except for the seal material layer 615. In other words, the gap layer 606a is provided in the entire area including the display area corresponding to the display screen. The display area corresponds to an area where a TFT array is formed on the surface of the substrate. Further, as shown in FIG. 19, a frame-shaped side is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the seal material layer 615 and the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. An interstitial layer 600 b is formed. Further, spacers 608 as supporting members are dispersedly arranged in the gap layer 606a so as to have a predetermined interval.

The TFT substrate 601 and the counter substrate 602 are transparent substrates made of, for example, glass or Hide Ishi. Further, the display electrode 603 and the counter electrode 604 are transparent conductive films made of, for example, indium tin oxide (IT0: Indium TinOxide).

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 has a structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a matrix phase composed of a polymer compound. Here, the existence form of the liquid crystal droplet is not limited to this. For example, a part of the liquid crystal droplet exists in a state of being in contact with and connected to each other. Is also good. Further, the polymer compound may be formed in a three-dimensional network, in which the liquid crystal is dispersed in a state where the liquid crystal is held in the network.

As the liquid crystal, various liquid crystals such as a nematic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, and a smectic liquid crystal, which show a liquid crystal state at around normal temperature, can be used. These liquid crystals may be of one type or a mixture of two or more types. The polymer compound is not particularly limited as long as it has a light-transmitting property, and various known compounds can be used.

The gap layer 60 6 which is a main component of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment a and the side gap layer 600 b are fluidized beds made of air or the like. It is preferable that the air has a low humidity because the liquid crystal display element is less contaminated. In the present embodiment, other gases such as nitrogen and argon may be used.

Here, by providing the interstitial layer 606 a as described above, it is possible to add a function of preventing the generation of a shearing force caused by bending or the like. it can . For example, when pressed from the outside of the lower surface of TFT substrate 601, the liquid crystal display element is bent as shown in FIG. However, on one side of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605, a gap layer 606 a is formed, and the facing substrate 602 and the polymer liquid crystal composite are formed. Since there is no contact with the layer 605, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of shearing force. Therefore, even if the liquid crystal display element has a radius, the area having different scattering properties does not occur, and it is possible to reduce the display unevenness on the display screen. .

In the example described above, although the gap layer 600 a was provided in the entire area including the display area, the gap layer 606 a was provided only in the display area. You can set a. With such a configuration, even if a pressing force is applied from the outside within the range of the display area, the reaction force is not within the range. It does not occur, and the display blur does not occur. On the other hand, outside the display area, there is a possibility that shear stress will occur, but even if shear occurs, it will be within the display area. Does not cause any display problems, so no problem arises as a liquid crystal display element. Therefore, at least in the display area, the generation of areas having different light scattering properties due to the effect of shear stress is suppressed, and the display area is suppressed. It is possible to reduce the display unevenness on the surface.

As described above, the side portion gap layer 600 b is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the seal material layer 615 and the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 as described above. It will be a frame It is set up as follows. Therefore, even when a reliability test such as heat shock is performed, no high molecular compound or liquid crystal is present in the vicinity of the seal material layer 615 where a crack is generated. Thus, the generation of the crack can be completely prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of streaky display unevenness due to the crack. Further, the shape of the sealing material layer 615 may be distorted, for example, the line width of the pattern forming the sealing material layer 615 may be expanded laterally, thereby causing the bleeding of the sealing material layer 615. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the sealing material layer 615 from being mixed with the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer 605. In addition, the accuracy requirement for printing the seal material layer 615 can be eased.

In order to cause the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention to display a color, for example, as shown in FIG. 21, the facing substrate 602 and the facing electrode 60 It is only necessary to set up a color filter layer 631 between 4 and 4. The color filter layer 631 is configured to include a color material film R'G'B and black matrices 632.... Here, by providing the interstitial layer 600 a, the color mixing between the color material films R, G, and B in the color filter layer 631 is improved. It has been found that the occurrence of bleeding and light loss due to black matrix 632… can also be suppressed.

For example, consider the color material film G in the color filter layer 631. As shown in FIG. 22, when light is irradiated from the TFT substrate 61 side by a nozzle light or the like, the light enters the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. When this occurs, the incident light is scattered. Here, when the relationship between the refractive index _ng of the opposite substrate 602 and the refractive index nair of _air is _ng > _nair , the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 6 The relationship between the index of refraction n _{p of} 0 5 and the index of refraction n _x of the

np> n _x … (1)

And Further, the relationships between the refraction indices n _x of the TFT substrate 6 0 1 of refraction index eta _epsilon and between gap layer 6 0 6 a, _ng > n _x ··· (2). In this case, as is apparent from the above equation (1), a part of the scattered light scattered when the light is incident on the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer 605 becomes a high molecular weight liquid. Reflected at the boundary between the crystalline composite layer 605 and the interstitial layer 606a. Here, a part of the scattered light which is totally reflected at the boundary is a part of the scattered light which is totally reflected at the boundary between the opposing substrate 602 and the air, so that the adjacent color material is Includes those that may be incident on the film B indirectly and those that are absorbed by the black matrix 632. Therefore, the gap layer 606 a is provided, and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605, the gap layer 606 a, and the TFT substrate 601 are of the above formula (1). By using a material with a refractive index that satisfies the relationship of (2) and (2), some of the scattered light that causes color mixing can be clarified. It is possible to reduce the light absorbed by the black matrix 632, as well as to eliminate it before reaching the filter layer 631. it can . As a result, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of color mixing, increase the light use efficiency, and make the display screen brighter.

At this point, the gap of the interstitial layer 600 a is the same as the pitch of the color material films R, G, and B in the color filter evening layer 631. It is necessary to set it in consideration of the relationship. Immediately, as shown in FIG. 23, the respective pitches of the color material films R, G, and B are set to P (〃m), and the black matrix 63 2 Assuming that the width is d (m), the opening ratio Op (%) is

It is expressed by O p (%) = 100 x (P-d) ² / P ^2- (3). Here, for example, in order for the opening ratio to be 40% or more,

O p (%) = 100 X (P-d) ² / P ² ≥ 40-(4). Thus, the relationship between P and d is

d ≤ P {1-(0.4) '2}-(5). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 23, when light incident from the TFT substrate 601 side is scattered at the boundary between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 and the gap layer 606a. Here, the angle between straight light and scattered light is Θ. In the above case, the gap L (jm) of the gap layer 606a and the distance X (jum) between the straight light and the scattered light reaching the color filter layer 631 And X = L 'tan 0. In order to prevent the scattered light from directly entering the adjacent color material film, X only needs to be within the range where the black matrix 632 is formed. In other words, it suffices to satisfy the relationship of X d. Therefore,

L-t a η Θ ≤ d ··· (6). Accordingly, from the relations of the above equations (5) and (6),

Ta "^ P {l — (0.4) ¹ no ² }-(7).

L ≤ P · {1 - ( . 0 4) 1/2} / ta η Θ - and based on the (8), formic catcher-up L of the gap layer 6 0 6 a is Ru is set. When the gap of the gap layer 606a is set as described above, one of the light scattered at the boundary between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 and the gap layer 606a is obtained. It is also possible to prevent the part from entering the adjacent color material film. FIG. 24 shows the pitch P of the color material film R ′ G-B and the gap layer 60 when the angle S between the straight light and the scattered light is 40, 50, and 60 degrees. 6 A normal note-type personal computer or monitor showing the relationship between a and the gap L has a P of 80-120 It is in the range of 〃m, and the highest definition is about 30 to 50 μm. Therefore, when the opening ratio is to be 40% or more, the gap L may be set within the range shown in FIG. 24 according to the value of P. Although the above description has been made for the case where the opening ratio is set to 40% or more, the gap of the interstitial layer 606a depends on the value of the opening ratio to be set. It can be set relatively arbitrarily. Therefore, the above explanation is for other opening ratio values. We can argue in the same way.

Next, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment will be described.

Immediately, Ding? A thin film transistor (TFT; Thin Film Transistor) is provided on a substrate 601 by a conventionally known method. Further, a liquid crystal polymer mixture containing a liquid crystal material and a polymer material as main materials (for example, trade name: PNM201, Kuchidick Co., Ltd.) is provided on the TFT substrate 61. Was coated by a printing method to form a liquid crystal polymer mixture layer (not shown). The thickness of the liquid crystal polymer mixture layer was 10 μm.

Next, the liquid crystal polymer mixture layer was irradiated with an ultraviolet ray using a high-pressure mercury lamp (manufactured by Shio Denki Co., Ltd.) as a light source to polymerize. As a result, a polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 in which liquid crystal droplets were dispersed in a polymer compound was formed. The irradiation conditions were an irradiation intensity of 120 mw / cm ² and an irradiation time of 15 sec. Further, a spherical spacer 1 m in diameter (silica sphere, manufactured by Catalysis Kasei Co., Ltd.) 8 is sprayed on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 655 so that the distribution density becomes uniform. did.

Next, an ultraviolet-curable seal material (trade name: Padlock 704, Kyoritsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied to the periphery of the TFT substrate 601 so that the coating shape became a frame shape. Was applied. At this time, an ultraviolet-curable seal material was formed such that a predetermined interval was provided between the ultraviolet-curable seal material and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. Thereafter, a counter electrode 604 and a color filter layer 631 are provided so that the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 and the above-mentioned counter electrode 604 face each other. The counter substrate 602 (manufactured by Toppan Printing Co., Ltd.) and the TFT substrate 601 were bonded together in the air. When the two substrates were bonded together, the substrates were pressed with a pressure of 0.2 kg / cm ² . Further, ultraviolet rays were irradiated to cure the ultraviolet curable seal material. Irradiation conditions include, for example, an energy density of 70 mW / cm ² , The firing time was 30 sec. As a result, the liquid crystal according to the first embodiment in which an air gap layer 606 a made of air was formed between the counter substrate 602 and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer 605. The display element was obtained.

When the cross section of the liquid crystal cell obtained as described above was observed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), the interstitial layer 600 a was formed. Was confirmed. Furthermore, when a pressing force was applied to the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, display mura caused by a change in the scattering property of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 was visually recognized. is Lena or Tsu was _t [seventh embodiment]

The following describes the seventh embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 25. The components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display device of the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is different from the liquid crystal display element according to the sixth embodiment in that the gap layer 606 a and the side gap layer 606 b are formed by the vacuum layer 6 2. 6 is different.

The above liquid crystal display element performs the same steps as in the sixth embodiment except that the step of bonding the TFT substrate 601 and the counter electrode 602 is performed in a vacuum. You can get more.

Further, when the cross section of the liquid crystal display device according to the present example was observed by SEM, it was found that the sensor 608 was embedded in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 by the atmospheric pressure. Although a certain portion was observed, it was confirmed that a vacuum layer 626 was formed. Furthermore, when a pressing force was applied to the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, the display screen was not visually recognized on the display screen.

[Eighth embodiment] The eighth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 26. Components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display device of the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. The liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is different from the liquid crystal display element according to the sixth embodiment in that the color filter layer 631 is replaced by an optical reflection member 641. The points are different.

The liquid crystal display element is the same as the above-described sixth embodiment except that a light-reflective metal film such as aluminum (A1) is formed on the opposing substrate 602. Is obtained. The method of forming the optical reflecting member 641 is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be adopted.

When the pressing force was applied to the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment obtained in this manner and the liquid crystal display element was bent, the display screen was not visually recognized on the display screen. .

[Ninth embodiment]

A ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 27. The components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display device of the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The liquid crystal display device according to the ninth embodiment is different from the liquid crystal display device according to the sixth embodiment in that a liquid crystal material is used for the gap layer 600 a and the side gap layer 606 b. The difference is that the liquid bed containing the fluidized bed was filled to form a liquid crystal layer 636. The liquid crystal material is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency and fluidity, and various conventionally known materials can be used. . The liquid crystal display device was manufactured in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment. However, the ultraviolet-curable sealing material is not used for the TFT substrate 61 or the counter substrate 60. The coating was applied on either one of the substrates in 2 so that the coating shape became a frame-like pattern without the liquid crystal injection port. Subsequently, a liquid crystal material (trade name: ZLI2254, manufactured by Merck) was injected by a vacuum injection method, and the liquid crystal injection port was sealed to form a liquid crystal layer 636.

When the pressing force was applied to the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment obtained as described above and the liquid crystal display element was flexed, the display unevenness of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 was visually recognized. It was not.

[Example 10]

A tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 28. The components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display element of the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The liquid crystal display device according to the tenth embodiment is different from the liquid crystal display device according to the sixth embodiment in that the opposing electrode 604 is provided on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. The difference is that they are formed. In the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display element, an inspection step for inspecting a display state was also performed.

A display electrode 603 was formed on a TFT substrate 601 in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment, and a polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 was further formed on the display electrode 603. . Subsequently, IT0 is deposited on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 by a sputtering method, and unnecessary portions are removed by a photolithography method. Thus, a counter electrode 604 was formed.

Next, an inspection process for inspecting the display state of the TFT substrate 601 was performed before bonding the TFT substrate 601 to the counter substrate 602. Immediately, a power supply was connected to the display electrode 603 and the counter electrode 604, and an electric field was applied to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 by TFT driving. As a result, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 becomes cloudy when the voltage is turned off. On the other hand, when the voltage was turned on, it was in a transparent state, and it was possible to inspect the operation state of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605, TFT, and the like. In this case, when defects such as point defects and line defects were found on the TFT substrate 601, only the TFT substrate 61 was discarded. As described above, since the inspection process is performed before the TFT substrate 601 and the opposite substrate 602 are bonded to each other, even if a defect is found in the TFT substrate 601, the inspection process is performed. This eliminates the necessity of discarding the opposite substrate 602 and the like together with the TFT substrate 601, thereby reducing costs and improving the yield. .

Further, in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment, an ultraviolet curable sealing material is applied to the periphery of the TFT substrate 601, and the TFT substrate 61 and the opposite electrode 6 are coated. The opposing substrate 62 on which the color filter layer 64 and the color filter layer 631 are provided was bonded in the air. Subsequently, the liquid crystal display element according to the present example was obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays to cure the ultraviolet-curable seal material.

Note that, in the inspection step, the transparent conductive film was not directly deposited on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605, but the film on which the transparent conductive film was deposited was used as the polymer liquid. The same can be done by pressing the crystal composite layer 605 and driving the TFT. In this case, after the inspection is completed, the above-mentioned film is peeled off, and the gap between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 and the opposite substrate 602 becomes a predetermined interval again. In such a manner, the TFT substrate 601 and the opposing substrate 602 may be bonded together.

[Example 11]

The following is a description of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. Note that components having the same functions as those of the liquid crystal display device of the sixth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The configuration of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the liquid crystal display element according to the sixth embodiment, but the following description will be made in the manufacture thereof. Method I went in.

That is, a liquid crystal polymer mixture mainly composed of a liquid crystal material and a polymer material (for example, a commercial product) is formed on a TFT substrate 601 on which a TFT and a display electrode 603 are formed. Name: PNM 201, manufactured by Rodick Co., Ltd.) and spherical spacer 608 (particle size: 10 μm) are mixed with a syringe. The mixture was dropped to form a liquid crystal high molecular weight mixture layer.

Next, the glass substrate is coated with a silica-based material (a silicon-based polymer compound coupling agent) as a material having a water-repellent effect. They were applied with a coat, cured, and washed with water. Furthermore, a mask made of, for example, Cr (chromium) is formed in a frame shape on the peripheral portion of the glass substrate by, for example, a snorting method. It was formed as follows. In addition, the material having the above-mentioned water cultivation is not limited to the above-mentioned materials, and examples thereof include a fluorine-based polymer compound and the like. .

Subsequently, the glass substrate that has been subjected to the water-repellent treatment and the TFT substrate 601, to which the liquid crystal high molecular weight mixture has been applied, are bonded to each other to form a predetermined cell gap. It was pressed all the way. Further, the liquid crystal high molecular weight mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the outside to polymerize the mixture, thereby forming a polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. At this time, since a mask is formed on the periphery of the glass substrate, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 is formed only in the display region. By doing so, it is possible to secure an area for forming the seal material layer 615 and the side gap layer 606b in a later step. Can be obtained. Subsequently, the glass substrate was peeled off, and a high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer 605 having a uniform film thickness could be formed on the TFT substrate 601.

Hereinafter, in the same manner as in the sixth embodiment, an ultraviolet curable seal material was applied to the periphery of the TFT substrate 601 so that the coating shape became a frame. In addition, a counter substrate provided with a counter electrode 604 and a color filter layer 631 is provided. The plate 62 and the TFT substrate 601 were bonded together in the air while being pressed with a predetermined pressure. As a result, a liquid crystal display device according to the present example was obtained.

When the above-obtained liquid crystal display element obtained as described above was deflected by applying a pressing force, the display blur was not visually recognized on the display screen.

[Other embodiments]

In each of the sixth embodiment to the eleventh embodiment, the gap layer 606a extends between the opposing substrate 602 and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 and over the entire surface. The side gap layer 606b is formed in a frame shape between the inner peripheral surface of the seal material layer 615 and the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. Although the embodiments described above have been described, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 29, the inner peripheral surface of the seal material layer 615 covers the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 over the entire circumference. The outer peripheral surface of the seal material layer 6 15 may be completely in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the seal material layer 6 0 b, or the inner peripheral surface of the seal material layer 6 15 may be partially In this structure, the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605, and the side gap layer 606b is partially present along the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605. It is OK.

Further, as shown in FIG. 30, the side gap layer 606 b does not completely exist, and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 is located at the center thereof. The gap 5a is formed into a step-like shape protruding upward, and the center layer 5a is in contact with the counter electrode 6104. 15 It may be a structure that only exists in the vicinity area.

In each of the embodiments of the second invention, the display screen corresponds to the counter substrate 602 instead of the TFT substrate 601.

[Comparative Example 1]

The liquid crystal display device for comparison is the same as the liquid crystal display device according to the sixth embodiment. The difference is that the gap layer 606a and the side gap layer 606b are not provided. The liquid crystal display element for comparison was produced as follows.

Immediately, a pair of substrates each having a transparent conductive film or the like formed thereon were bonded at a predetermined interval with a glass base interposed therebetween. Next, a liquid crystal polymer mixture (trade name: PNM201, manufactured by Rodick Co., Ltd.) mainly composed of a liquid crystal material and a polymer material is evacuated between the two bonded substrates. Injection was performed by an injection method, and ultraviolet light having a predetermined irradiation intensity was applied from outside to polymerize. As a result, a comparative liquid crystal display device in which a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets were dispersed in a polymer compound was arranged was fabricated. Further, similarly to the sixth embodiment, when the above-mentioned liquid crystal display element for comparison is bent by applying a pressing force, a weakly scattered region appears in a part, and the display unevenness is visually recognized. Was

As described above, from the comparison of the results of the sixth to ninth examples and the eleventh example with the result of the comparative example 1, it was found that the opposing substrate 602 and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer 605 were formed. If gap layers 606a are provided at predetermined intervals between them, pressing force is applied to the liquid crystal display element! It was confirmed that no display glare was generated on the display screen.

The specific embodiments described in the detailed description section of the invention are intended to clarify the technical contents of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention should not be construed in a narrow sense by limiting only to the examples, but various modifications may be made within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims described below. It is something that can do this. Industrial applicability

As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, each subject of the present invention Can be achieved sufficiently.

In other words, even if a crack is generated in the area near the seal material due to a change in the surrounding temperature, the area where the crack is generated is not included in the display area. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the streaky display mura caused by the crack from being visually recognized on the display screen.

Furthermore, in the non-display area near the seal material, the structure is such that liquid crystal droplets are independently dispersed and dispersed, or depending on the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet in the display area. By preventing cracks from occurring and maintaining a good contrast, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of streaky display unevenness by maintaining a good contrast. Can be controlled.

In addition, in the non-display area near the seal material, a high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer is not formed, thereby preventing the generation of cracks and providing a good component. While maintaining the trust, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of streaky display mura.

Also, even if the liquid crystal display element is curved due to, for example, a pressing force being applied to the substrate surface, a gap layer is formed between the liquid crystal polymer composite layer and any one of the substrates. Since it is installed, it prevents the occurrence of shearing force. As a result, regions having different dispersiveness do not occur on the display screen, and the occurrence of display blur can be reduced.

Furthermore, even if the volume of the liquid crystal polymer composite layer expands or contracts due to a change in the surrounding temperature, the inner peripheral surface of the seal material layer and the outer peripheral surface of the liquid crystal polymer composite layer are reduced. Since the side gap layer is provided between the surface and the surface, it is possible to prevent the liquid crystal polymer composite layer near the seal material layer from being cracked. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the generation of streaky display mura due to the crack. In addition, the occurrence of color mixture between the color material films R, G, and B is reduced, and the reduction in the light use efficiency caused by black matrix is suppressed. be able to .

In addition, display inspections of the switching elements and the liquid crystal polymer composite layer are performed before the substrate bonding process, so defects are found. Done In addition, it is not necessary to discard the opposing substrate provided with the optical color filter layer or the like. As a result, the yield can be improved, and the cost can be reduced. Therefore, the industrial significance of the present invention is significant.

Claims

The scope of the claims

(1) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, and a seal is provided. A liquid crystal display device in which the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional network structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or the polymer liquid crystal composite layer includes a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the matrix network.

The outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material are formed so as to be in close contact with each other, and

In addition, the main body in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is a display area, and the peripheral portion near the seal material in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is a non-display area. Divided into

Further, in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display area, liquid crystal droplets were partially connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a state, or is dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix constituted by including a polymer compound. Liquid crystal droplets or the mesh spacing in the non-display area and the liquid crystal droplets or the mesh spacing in the non-display area are different from each other. Characteristic liquid crystal display element.

(2) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on an inner surface, and a seal is provided. A liquid crystal display device in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are laminated by a material. Then,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is a three-dimensional network in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound, or a polymer compound is contained. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the matrix network.

The outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material are formed so as to be in close contact with each other,

In addition, the main body in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer serves as a display area, and the peripheral portion near the seal material in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer serves as a non-display area. Divided into

Further, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display area is in a state in which liquid crystal droplets are partially connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a three-dimensional mesh matrix which is dispersed and held by the polymer or contains a polymer compound, and the liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the display area. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the liquid crystal fraction is different from the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area.

(3) The claim characterized in that the difference between the liquid crystal fraction in the display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is at least 5% or more. Item 3. A liquid crystal display element according to item 2.

(4) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, and the sealing is performed. A liquid crystal display device in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together by a material, The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional network in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or the polymer liquid crystal composite layer includes a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the matrix network.

And an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material are formed so as to be in close contact with each other;

Further, the display region is characterized in that, out of the entire region in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, a region other than the region where the crack is generated near the seal material is used as the display region. Liquid crystal display element.

(5) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, and a sealing material is provided. A liquid crystal display device in which the pair of substrates is bonded to each other by

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional network in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or the polymer liquid crystal composite layer includes a polymer compound. Liquid crystals are dispersed and held in the matrix of the matrix.

Further, a material mainly composed of liquid crystal is filled in the inside of the crack generated in the vicinity of the sealing material in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. Liquid crystal display device.

(6) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface thereof. A liquid crystal display element in which the pair of substrates are bonded together with a sealing material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional network structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or a polymer compound is included. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the matrix network.

Further, a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.5 mm or more is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the seal material, and a display area is provided inside the frame-shaped area. A liquid crystal display device characterized by the following characteristics.

(7) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, and a seal is provided. A liquid crystal display element in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together by a material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is divided into a display region and a frame-shaped non-display region located on the outer peripheral edge of the display region,

The high molecular liquid crystal composite layer in the above display area is dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound in a state in which liquid crystal droplets are partially connected to each other. Or a liquid crystal in which a liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix including a polymer compound.

In the non-display area, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer contains liquid crystal droplets having a substantially spherical or spheroidal shape independently of each other in a matrix containing a polymer compound. A liquid crystal display element characterized by being held in a dispersed state.

(8) The non-display area has a frame shape with a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal display device is in a region defined by:

(9) The liquid crystal according to claim 8, characterized in that the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the display area is larger than the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the non-display area. Display element.

(10) The liquid crystal fraction in the above display area is in the range of 70% or more and 80% or less, and the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is less than 70%. 10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein the liquid crystal display device has a feature.

(11) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes on the inner surface thereof, and a sealing material is provided. A liquid crystal display element in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is divided into a display region and a frame-shaped non-display region located on the outer peripheral edge of the display region.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the above display area is dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound in a state where liquid crystal droplets are connected to each other in a negative direction. Or a liquid crystal dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix comprising a polymer compound.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the above-mentioned non-display area has substantially spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets independent of each other in a matrix containing a polymer compound. And a liquid crystal display element characterized by being held in a dispersed state.

(12) Particle size of liquid crystal droplets in the above display area, or mesh spacing It is characterized in that the force is in the range of not less than 0.8 .mu.m and not more than 1.4 .mu.m and the particle size of the liquid crystal droplet in the non-display area is less than 0.8 Xm. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 11, wherein (13) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface thereof, and a sealing material is provided. A liquid crystal display device in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is divided into a display area and a frame-shaped non-display area at the outer peripheral edge of the display area.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display area is dispersed and held in a state in which liquid crystal droplets are partially connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound. Or a liquid crystal in which a liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix comprising a polymer compound.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the non-display region is characterized in that the liquid crystal and the polymer compound are formed in a mutually compatible state, and the liquid crystal display is characterized in that element.

(14) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 13, wherein the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more.

(15) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode on the inner surface, and a seal is provided. It is a liquid crystal display element in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded by a material,

The above-mentioned polymer liquid crystal composite layer is formed at least in a portion corresponding to a display area. A side gap layer is provided in a portion corresponding to a non-display area between the seal material and the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element that features

(16) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 15, wherein the side interstitial layer is made of vacuum.

(17) The liquid according to claim 16, wherein the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. Crystal display element

(18) A high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a high molecular weight compound is formed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner side surface. A liquid crystal display element, which is disposed on a substrate and bonded to the pair of substrates by a sealing material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is provided in a portion corresponding to the display area, and is provided in a non-display area between the seal material and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that a side gap layer is provided in a corresponding portion.

(19) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 18, wherein the side gap layer is filled with a gas.

(20) The liquid crystal display according to claim 19, wherein the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. Element

(21) Polymer liquid crystal complex in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound A liquid crystal display element in which a layer is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface thereof, and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other by a seal material. hand ,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is provided at least in a portion corresponding to a display region, and corresponds to a non-display region between the seal material and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that a side gap layer is provided in the portion.

(22) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 21, wherein the side gap layer is formed with a polymer compound.

(23) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 22, wherein the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more.

(24) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface thereof, and a sealing material is provided. A liquid crystal display device in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates is bonded together,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a two-dimensional network structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or the polymer liquid crystal composite layer includes a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the matrix network.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is divided into a frame-shaped non-display area located on the inner peripheral edge of the seal material and a display area located inside the non-display area.

Rather than the size of the liquid crystal droplets or the mesh spacing in the display area, A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the particle size of liquid crystal droplets or the distance between meshes is large in a non-display area near the sealing material.

(25) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 24, wherein the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more.

(26) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 25, wherein the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the display area is smaller than the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the non-display area. The described liquid crystal display element.

(27) The liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned display area is in the range of 70% or more and 80% or less, and the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned non-display area is more than 80%. 27. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 26, wherein the liquid crystal display element is large.

(28) A claim characterized in that the difference between the liquid crystal fraction in the display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is at least 5% or more. Item 27. The liquid crystal display element according to Item 27.

(29) The particle size of liquid crystal droplets or the distance between meshes in the vicinity of the seal material is 1.8 m or more,

28. The method according to claim 28, wherein a distance between liquid crystal droplets or meshes in the display area is in a range of 0.8 to 1.4 μm. Liquid crystal display element.

(30) After disposing a liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution containing a liquid crystal and a polymer precursor between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, ultraviolet rays are applied to the substrate surface. Irradiating the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution And the polymer precursor are subjected to phase separation by polymerizing and curing the polymer precursor, whereby liquid crystal droplets are formed in a continuous matrix phase comprising a polymer compound. Phase separation to form a polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in a two-dimensional network matrix in which the liquid crystal contains a polymer compound and is dispersed and held A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising a process,

The above phase separation step

The irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light, which is applied to an area corresponding to the display area of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, is applied to an area corresponding to the non-display area of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. By making it smaller than the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray,

In the above display region, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase composed of a polymer compound in a state where the liquid crystal droplets are partially and mutually proliferated, or a high molecular compound is contained. The liquid crystal has a structure in which liquid crystals are dispersed and held within the mesh of the three-dimensional mesh matrix that is included and configured.

In the non-display area described above, approximately spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets are held in a state of being dispersed independently of each other in a matrix composed of a polymer compound. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, characterized by having a structured structure.

(31) After disposing a liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution containing a liquid crystal and a polymer precursor between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, ultraviolet rays are applied to the entire surface of the substrate. By irradiating, the liquid crystal and the high molecular precursor in the liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution are polymerized and cured to separate the polymer precursor from the liquid crystal. The matrix is dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a molecular compound, or the liquid crystal contains a polymer compound. A liquid crystal display element having a phase separation process for producing a polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and retained in the network of the formed three-dimensional network-like matrix. It is a method of child production.

The phase separation step is characterized in that a shielding means for shielding ultraviolet rays is provided in at least a non-display area in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the ultraviolet rays are irradiated. How to manufacture liquid crystal display elements.

(32) The method for producing a liquid crystal display element described in Patent Claim 31, wherein the shielding means is a reflecting plate made of a material that reflects ultraviolet light. Law.

(33) After disposing a liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution containing a liquid crystal and a polymer precursor between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface, By irradiating the substrate surface with ultraviolet rays, the liquid crystal and the polymer precursor in the liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution are polymer-cured to separate the polymer precursor into phase separation. In this way, the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in the matrix continuous phase containing the polymer, or the liquid crystal contains the polymer. A phase separation process is provided to produce a polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in the mesh of the contained three-dimensional mesh matrix. This is a method for manufacturing liquid crystal display elements.

The phase separation process is

The irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light applied to the region corresponding to the display region of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer corresponds to the non-display region of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. By increasing the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray for irradiating the region,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is formed of a matrix containing a high molecular weight compound. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and retained in the continuous liquid phase, or liquid crystals are dispersed in the network of a three-dimensional network-shaped matrix containing a polymer compound. The structure is retained,

In the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the display region or the distance between the meshes is the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display region or the network. Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display element characterized by having a structure smaller than the eye separation

(3 4) Ri Ah above Symbol first irradiation morphism intensity of ultraviolet light 5 O m W / cm ² or more on the irradiation strength of the upper Symbol second ultraviolet rays 2 O m W / cm ² hereinafter A method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 33, wherein the method is characterized in that:

(35) At least at least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets disposed between the first and second substrates and containing the liquid crystal droplets in the polymer compound. An electric field is applied to the dispersed and maintained polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer! A liquid crystal display element having a pair of first display electrode and second display electrode for the purpose of

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that a region of the gap layer in the substrate plane is at least within a range including the entire display region.

(36) At least at least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets disposed between the first and second substrates and containing the liquid crystal droplets in the polymer compound. A high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and maintained, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer; The first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together by a peripheral member via a sealing material. Liquid crystal display device with

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the area of the liquid crystal is at least within a range including the entire display area.

(37) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 36. The liquid crystal display device according to 36.

(38) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 37, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds.

(39) The liquid crystal display device according to item (38), wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(40) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 39, wherein the second substrate is provided with a first optical color filter. (41) When the refractive index _ng of the second substrate satisfies a relation larger than the refractive index nair of _air ,

The refractive index _ng of the second substrate and the refractive index _nx of the gap layer _satisfy the relationship of the formula (1), and the refractive index _np of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the refractive index _np of the gap layer 41. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 40, wherein the refractive index nx _satisfies the relationship of the expression (2).

n _g > n _x … (1) n _n > n (2

(42) Out of the plurality of color material films, the boundary between the black matrix adjacent to any color material film and the color material film is higher than that of the gap layer. When light is incident and scattered at the corresponding position on the boundary with the liquid crystal composite layer,

Of the scattered scattered light, the first scattered light traveling toward the above-mentioned boundary surface and the color adjacent to the above-mentioned black matrix and the above color material film The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the material film and the second scattered light is set to 0, and a plurality of colors in one layer of the optical color filter described above are set. The pitch between the film layers is defined as P (m).

When the opening rate is defined as Op (%),

The liquid crystal display element according to claim 41, wherein the gap L (jum) of the interstitial layer is represented by the following formula.

L ≤ P-(l-O p ^1/2 ) / tan 0-(8)

(43) In the gap layer, a support member is provided so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 42, characterized by this.

(44) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet arranged between the first and second substrates and the liquid crystal droplets are separated in the polymer compound. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer to be maintained and maintained, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are provided. The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral parts are bonded together via a sealing material. The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the area of the interstitial layer on the substrate surface is within a range including at least the entire display area.

(45) A lateral gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 44.

(46) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 45, wherein the interstitial layer and the side interstitial layer are vacant.

(7) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 46, wherein the second substrate is provided with one optical color filter layer.

(48) When the refractive index n _s of the second substrate satisfies a relationship larger than the _air refractive index n _air ,

The refractive index _ng of the second substrate and the refractive index nx of the interstitial layer _satisfy the relationship of the formula (1), and the refractive index of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer is satisfied. 48. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 47, wherein the refractive index _np and the refractive index nx of the interstitial layer _satisfy the relationship of the expression (2).

n _g > n _x … (1)

np> n _x (2)

(49) The interface between the black matrix adjacent to any one of the plurality of color material films and the color material film is the above-described gap layer. Polymer liquid crystal When light enters and scatters at the corresponding position on the boundary with the coalescing layer,

Of the scattered scattered light, the first scattered light traveling toward the above-described boundary surface, and the color material adjacent to the black matrix and the color material film The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the film and the second scattered light is set to 0, and the angle between the plurality of color material films in one layer of the optical color filter is set. Let P (jm) be the pitch,

When the opening rate is set to Op (%),

The liquid crystal display element according to claim 48, wherein the gap L (jum) of the gap layer is represented by the following formula.

L ≤ P - (1 - O p 1/2) / ta η θ - (8)

(50) The support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 49, characterized in that:

(51) At least at least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets disposed between the first and second substrates and the liquid crystal droplets are contained in the polymer compound. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer that is dispersed and held, and a pair of first display electrodes and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are provided. The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral parts are bonded together via a seal material.

The high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the area of the layer in the substrate surface is within a range including at least the entire display area. (52) A lateral gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 41.

(53) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 52, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are a fluidized bed.

(54) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 53, wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(55) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 54, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflection member for reflecting light. . (56) The support member is provided in the gap layer so that the second substrate and the high-molecular liquid crystal composite layer have a predetermined interval. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 55, which is a feature of the present invention.

(57) At least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets arranged between the first and second substrates and the liquid crystal droplets are highly molecular compounds A polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held therein, and a pair of first display electrodes and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions of the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other via a sealing material.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. Interstitial layer A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the area within the substrate surface is at least within the range including the entire display area.

(58) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 7. The liquid crystal display element according to 7.

(59) The liquid crystal display device according to item 58, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds.

(60) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 59, wherein the fluidized bed contains a liquid crystal material.

(61) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 60, wherein the second substrate is provided with one optical color filter.

(62) When the refractive index _ng of the second substrate satisfies a relation larger than the refractive index n _{ar of} air,

The refractive index _ng of the second substrate and the refractive index nx of the gap layer _satisfy the relationship of the formula (1), and the refractive index _np of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the gap layer the liquid crystal display device of the refractive index and n _x of claim 6 1 you wherein the to this was satisfy the relationship of formula (2).

n „> n _x ... (!)

n p> n (2)

6 3) The black layer adjacent to an arbitrary color material film among the plurality of color material films When light is incident and scattered at the boundary between the matrix and the colorant film at a position corresponding to the boundary between the above-mentioned interstitial layer and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. In the

Of the scattered scattered light, the first scattered light traveling toward the above-mentioned boundary surface, and the color material adjacent to the black matrix and the color material film The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the film and the second scattered light is S, and the angle between the plurality of color material films in the optical color filter layer is defined as S. Let P () be the pitch,

When the opening rate is defined as Op (%),

The liquid crystal display element according to claim 62, wherein the gap L (jam) of the interstitial layer is represented by the following formula.

L ≤ P-(l-O p ^1/2 ) / tan 0-(8)

(64) A support member is provided in the gap layer such that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 63, which features this.

(65) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet arranged between the first and second substrates and the liquid crystal droplets are separated in the polymer compound. A high molecular liquid crystal composite layer to be maintained and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer; The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions of the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other via a sealing material.

The high molecular liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided. The area within the board surface of the substrate must be within the range including at least the entire display area. A liquid crystal display element characterized by certain features.

(66) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 5. The liquid crystal display element according to 5.

(67) The liquid crystal display device according to (66), wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds. (68) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 67, wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(69) The first display electrode is formed on the surface of the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer facing the first substrate, and faces the second substrate of the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer. 69. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 68, wherein the second display electrode is formed on the surface on the side.

(70) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 69, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical color filter layer.

(7 1) the refractive index of the second substrate eta _epsilon is, when satisfying the relationship even Ri by the refractive index n _air of the air have come large,

The refractive index n _g of the second substrate, and the refractive indices n _x of the gap layer meets the relation of equation (1), and the refractive index np of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, the refractive index of the gap layer the liquid crystal display device according to claim 7 0 and n _x you characterized that you satisfying the relationship of formula (2). n _ε > n _x (1)

np> n _x (2)

(72) The boundary between the black matrix adjacent to an arbitrary color material film and the color material film of the plurality of color material films is the above-described gap layer and polymer. When light enters and scatters at the corresponding position on the boundary with the liquid crystal composite layer,

Of the scattered scattered light, the first scattered light traveling toward the above boundary surface, and the black matrix and the above color material film are adjacent to each other. The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the color material film and the second scattered light is denoted by Θ, and the plurality of color material films in the optical color filter layer described above. The pitch between them is defined as P (m), and

When the opening rate is defined as Op (%),

The liquid crystal display element according to claim 71, wherein the gap L (u rn) of the gap layer is represented by the following formula.

L ≤ P · (1 - 0 p 1/2) / ta η Θ - (8)

(73) A support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 72, characterized by this.

(74) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates and having a high molecular weight compound. A pair of first display electrodes and a second display for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer which are dispersed and held therein. An electrode is provided, and the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together at their peripheral portions via a sealing material. Liquid crystal display device with

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the area to be set is within a range including at least the entire display area.

(75) A side gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to 4.

(76) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 75, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are in a vacuum.

(77) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 76, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflection member that reflects light.

(78) A support member is provided on the gap layer such that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. Item 77. A liquid crystal display element according to Item 7.

(79) At least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets arranged between the first and second substrates are not dispersed and held in the polymer compound. A first liquid crystal composite layer, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element having a structure in which peripheral parts are bonded together via a seal material, The high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the area of the gap layer in the substrate surface is within a range including at least the entire display area.

(80) A side gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 79. (81) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 80, wherein the interstitial layer and the side interstitial layer are fluidized beds.

(82) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 81, wherein the fluidized bed contains a liquid crystal material.

(83) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 82, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflection member for reflecting light. Child .

(84) In the gap layer, a support member is provided so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at predetermined intervals. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 83, characterized by this.

(85) At least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets arranged between the first and second substrates and the liquid crystal droplets are high molecular compounds. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held therein, and a pair of first display electrodes and a second display electrode for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. With display electrodes, the first The substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded to each other via a sealing material.

(86) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 8. The liquid crystal display element according to 8.

(87) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 69, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds. (88) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 87, wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(89) The first display electrode is formed on the surface of the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer facing the first substrate, and faces the second substrate of the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer. 89. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 88, wherein the second display electrode is formed on a surface on the side of the liquid crystal panel.

(90) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 89, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflecting member for reflecting light.

(91) The gap layer includes the second substrate and a polymer liquid crystal composite layer. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 90, wherein the support member is provided so that the distance between the support member and the support member is a predetermined distance.

(92) At least at least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplets disposed between the first and second substrates and containing the liquid crystal droplets in the polymer compound. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer, which is dispersed and held, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer are provided. The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral parts are bonded together via a seal material, and

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer described above is fixed to the first substrate, and an interstitial layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that a region of the gap layer in the substrate surface is within a range including at least a region near the seal material. (93) A lateral gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 92.

(94) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 93, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds.

(95) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 94, wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air. (96) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 95, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical color filter layer. Child . (97) When the refractive index _ng of the second substrate satisfies a relationship larger than the _air refractive index n _air ,

The refractive index n _s of the second substrate and the refractive index nx of the gap layer _satisfy the relationship of the expression (1), and the refractive index of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer is satisfied. 97. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 96, wherein the refractive index _np and the refractive index nx of the interstitial layer _satisfy the relationship of the expression (2).

n _g > n _x (1)

n _p > n _x (2)

(98) The boundary surface between the black matrix adjacent to any one of the plurality of color material films and the color material film is formed between the gap layer and the high-density color material film. When light is incident and scattered at the corresponding position on the boundary with the liquid crystal composite layer,

Of the scattered scattered light, the first scattered light traveling toward the above-mentioned boundary surface and adjacent to the above-mentioned black matrix and the above-mentioned color material film The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the color material film and the second scattered light is denoted by Θ, and a plurality of the plurality of light in the optical color filter layer Let P (jum) be the pitch between the color material films,

When the opening rate is defined as Op (%),

The liquid crystal display element according to claim 97, wherein the gap L (jm) of the interstitial layer is represented by the following formula.

L ≤ P-(l-Op ^1/2 ) / ta η θ-(8)

(99) The support member is provided in the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. Features The liquid crystal display element according to claim 98, wherein:

(100) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates and dispersed and held in the polymer compound. A first liquid crystal composite layer, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. The first substrate and the second substrate are A liquid crystal display element having a structure in which peripheral parts are bonded together via a sealing material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided within the substrate surface. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the region to be set is at least within a range including a region near the seal material.

(101) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. Item 100. The liquid crystal display element according to Item 100.

(102) The liquid crystal display element according to Claim 101, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are in a vacuum.

(103) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 102, wherein the second substrate is provided with one optical color filter.

(104) When the refractive index _ng of the second substrate satisfies a relation larger than the refractive index nair of _air ,

A refractive Oriritsu n _g of the second substrate, and the refractive indices n _x of the gap layer has the formula (1) And the refractive index n _{p of the} polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the refractive index _nx of the gap layer _satisfy the relationship of the formula (2). Item 10. The liquid crystal display element according to Item 103.

n _g > n _x … (1)

np> n _x … (2)

(105) A pitch between a plurality of color material films in one layer of the optical color filter is defined as P (j),

When light is incident from the first substrate side, straight light that goes straight to one of the plurality of color material films, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the gap layer The angle between the scattered light that is scattered at the boundary of the above and does not enter the other color material film adjacent to the above-mentioned color material film is Θ,

When the opening rate is defined as Op (%),

The liquid crystal display device according to claim 104, wherein the gap L {rn) of the gap layer is represented by the following equation.

L ≤ P-(l-Op ^1/2 ) / ta η θ-(8)

(106) The gap layer is characterized in that a support member is provided such that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 105.

(107) At least a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates and dispersed and held in the polymer compound. A first liquid crystal composite layer, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. The first substrate and the second substrate are , The peripheral parts are pasted together with a seal A liquid crystal display device having a structure as described above,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the region to be provided is at least within a range including a region near the seal material.

(108) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. The liquid crystal display device according to 107.

(109) The liquid crystal display element according to (108), wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds.

(110) The liquid crystal display element according to (109), wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(111) The liquid crystal display device according to item 110, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflecting member for reflecting light. (111) The gap layer is characterized in that a support member is provided so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 11.

(111) At least a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet are disposed and dispersed in the polymer compound between the first and second substrates. Electric field is applied to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A pair of first display electrodes and a second display electrode for applying a voltage, and the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other at their peripheral portions via a seal material. Liquid crystal display device with a

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the region to be set is at least within a range including a region near the seal material.

(114) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. Item 13. A liquid crystal display device according to item 13.

(115) The liquid crystal display device according to item (114), wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds.

(111) The liquid crystal display element according to item 115, wherein the fluidized bed contains a liquid crystal material.

(117) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 116, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical color filter layer.

(111) When the refractive index _ng of the second substrate satisfies a relation larger than the refractive index nair of _air ,

The refractive index _ng of the second substrate and the refractive index _nx of the gap layer _satisfy the relationship of the formula (1), and the refractive index _{np of the} high molecular liquid crystal composite layer and the refractive index _np of the gap layer Characterized in that the refractive index n _x satisfies the relationship of equation (2) Liquid crystal display element described in claim 1 17

n „> n _v (1)

n _n n _v (2) (1 19) A black matrix adjacent to any of the plurality of color material films and a boundary surface between the color material film and the black matrix are different. In the case where light enters and is scattered at a corresponding position on the boundary between the above-mentioned gap layer and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer,

Of the scattered scattered light, the first scattered light traveling toward the above-mentioned boundary surface, the black matrix and the color adjacent to the above-mentioned color material film The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the material film and the second scattered light is S, and a plurality of color material films in the above-described photochemical color file and one layer The pitch between them is defined as P (ra),

When the opening rate is set to Op (%),

The liquid crystal display element according to claim 118, wherein the gap L (ju) of the interstitial layer is represented by the following formula.

L ≤ P-(l-Op ^1/2 ) / t η η θ-(8)

(120) A support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance from each other. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1 19, wherein the liquid crystal display element is characterized in that:

(1 2 1) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates so that liquid crystal droplets are contained in the high molecular compound. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer, which is dispersed and held, and a pair of first display electrode and second display electrode for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. , The first substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded together with a seal material interposed therebetween.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the region to be set is at least within a range including a region near the seal material.

(122) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 12.

(122) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 122, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds. (124) The liquid crystal display element according to Claim 123, wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(125) The first display electrode is formed on the surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer facing the first substrate, and the surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer facing the second substrate is provided. 25. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 24, wherein the second display electrode is formed on a surface of the liquid crystal display device.

(122) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 125, wherein the second substrate is provided with one optical color filter.

(1 2 7) The refractive index n _s of the second substrate is equal to the refractive index n _{air of air} . If you have a greater relationship,

The refractive index n _g of the second substrate, and the refractive Oriritsu n _x of the gap layer meets the relation of equation (1), and the refractive index n _p of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, the interstitial layer 27. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 26, wherein the refractive index nx _satisfies the relationship of the expression (2).

n _g > n _x … (1)

np> n _x (2)

(128) The interface between the black matrix adjacent to an arbitrary color material film and the color material film of the plurality of color material films is the gap layer and the polymer liquid crystal. When light enters and scatters at the corresponding position on the boundary with the composite layer,

Of the scattered scattered light, a first scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface, and a color material film adjacent to the black matrix and the color material film The angle between the second scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface with the second scattered light is defined as Θ, and the pitch between a plurality of color material films in one layer of the optical color filter is set. Is P (ju rn), and

When the opening rate is 0 p (%),

28. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 127, wherein the gap L (urn) of the gap layer is represented by the following equation.

L ^ P-C l-O p '/ / t a n ^-(8)

(129) The gap layer is characterized in that a support member is provided such that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 128. (130) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet are disposed and held in the polymer compound between the first and second substrates. A first liquid crystal composite layer, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. Is a liquid crystal display element having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded together via a sealing material.

(131) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 130. The liquid crystal display device described in 130.

(1312) The liquid crystal display element according to item 131, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are in a vacuum.

(133) The liquid crystal display element according to (132), wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflection member for reflecting light.

(133) The gap layer is characterized in that a support member is provided so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 13.

(1 35) At least the first substrate and the second substrate facing the first substrate And a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are disposed and held in a polymer compound between the first and second substrates, and an electric field is applied to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display having a structure in which a pair of first display electrodes and a second display electrode are provided, and the first substrate and the second substrate have a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded to each other via a sealing material. Element

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the region to be provided is at least within a range including a region near the seal material.

(133) A side gap layer is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material. A liquid crystal display element according to item 135.

(137) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 136, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds.

(138) The liquid crystal display device according to item 1337, wherein the fluidized bed contains a liquid crystal material.

(139) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 138, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflecting member for reflecting light.

(140) The gap layer is characterized in that a support member is provided such that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 13. (141) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates and dispersed and held in the polymer compound. A first liquid crystal composite layer, and a pair of first display electrodes and a second display electrode for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded to each other via a sealing material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the area of the liquid crystal display is at least within a range including a region near the seal material.

(144 2) A side gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. 14. The liquid crystal display device according to item 41.

(144) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 142, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are fluidized beds. (144) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 144, wherein the fluidized bed is filled with air.

(145) The first display electrode is formed on the surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer facing the first substrate, and the surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer facing the second substrate is provided. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein the second display electrode is formed on a surface of the liquid crystal display device. (146) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 145, wherein the second substrate is provided with an optical reflection member for reflecting light. (147) The gap layer is characterized in that a support member is provided such that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14.

(148) At least a first substrate, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet are disposed and held in the polymer compound between the first and second substrates. A first liquid crystal composite layer, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. Is a liquid crystal display element having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded together via a sealing material.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the gap layer is provided on the surface of the substrate. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that the area to be set is within a range including at least a part of the display area. (1449) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates to be dispersed and held in the polymer compound. Patent application title: Method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising a polymer liquid crystal composite layer to be applied and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer So,

A first step for forming a switching element and a first display electrode electrically connected to the switching element on the first substrate; A second step of forming a polymer liquid crystal composite layer on the first display electrode;

A third step of forming a second display electrode on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer,

A fourth step of inspecting a display state by applying a voltage to the first and second display electrodes;

Based on the inspection result of the fourth step, only a polymer liquid crystal composite layer having a good display state has a predetermined gap between the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the second substrate. And a fifth step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate so that

A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, characterized by having:

(150) The second substrate used in the fifth step is characterized in that an optical color filter layer is previously formed on the surface of the second substrate. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein:

Claims of amendment

[1991 October 1 (0 1.

10.9.98) Accepted by the International Bureau: Claims 1–150 at the time of filing were replaced with amended claims 1–1 1 1. (Page 25)] Scope of request

(1) (After Correction) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together with a sealing material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound, or a polymer compound is formed. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the mesh of the mesh matrix.

An outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the seal material are formed so as to be in close contact with each other;

In addition, the main body in the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer serves as a display area, and the peripheral portion of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer near the seal material serves as a non-display area. Divided into

Further, in the above-mentioned display region, the polymer liquid crystal polymer layer is formed such that a part of the liquid crystal droplets is intermingled in a matrix interconnected phase composed of only three high molecular compounds. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a state where the liquid crystal is dispersed, or the liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix including a polymer compound. In other words, the liquid crystal droplets in the display area are formed so that the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets or the distance between the meshes in the non-display area and the non-display area are different from each other. A liquid crystal display device characterized by the fact that it is

(2) (After correction) A polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a high molecular compound is placed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal that is attached and the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together with a seal material

1 16

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) In the display element, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer contains liquid crystal droplets dispersed or held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound or contains a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the network of the formed three-dimensional network matrix, and the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. It is formed so that the surface and the

In addition, the main body in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer serves as a display area, and the periphery of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer near the seal material serves as a non-display area. Further, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the above-mentioned display region is divided into liquid crystal droplets in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a state where a part of the liquid crystal is connected to each other, or the liquid crystal is dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix including a polymer compound. The liquid crystal display is characterized in that the liquid crystal fraction in the display area is different from the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area. An indicator.

(3) (After correction) The difference between the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned non-display area should be at least 5% or more. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that:

(4) (After correction) A high molecular weight liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a high molecular weight compound is arranged between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element, wherein the liquid crystal display element is disposed and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a sealing material,

1 17

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) The polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional network structure in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound, or a polymer compound is contained. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the matrix of the matrix.

And an outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and an inner peripheral surface of the sealing material are formed so as to be in close contact with each other;

Further, it is characterized in that, of the entire region in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, a region other than the region where the crack is generated near the seal material is set as the display region. Liquid crystal display element.

(5) (After correction) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a high-molecular compound is formed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element, which is disposed on a substrate, and the pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a sealing material,

The high molecular liquid crystal composite layer contains liquid crystal droplets dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound, or a groove containing a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the mesh of the three-dimensional mesh matrix.

Further, a material mainly composed of liquid crystal is filled in the cracks generated in the vicinity of the seal material in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. Liquid crystal display element.

(6) (After correction) To reduce the difference in refractive index between the area where the crack occurs near the seal material and the area other than the area where the crack occurs, heat

1 18

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the inside of the crack is filled with a substance made of liquid crystal by a treatment.

(7) (After correction) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is placed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element in which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded together with a sealing material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer includes a three-dimensional network in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase including a polymer compound, or a polymerized substrate is included. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the mesh of the eye matrix.

Further, at least a frame-shaped area with a width of at least 1.5 mm is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the sealing material, and a display area is provided inside the frame-shaped area. A liquid crystal display element characterized by the following features.

(8) (After correction) The above-mentioned frame-shaped area is characterized by being within a range of not less than 2 mrn and not more than 6 mm from the inner periphery of the seal material. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 7. (9) (After correction) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element on which the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded by a seal material, and

The high molecular liquid crystal composite layer is divided into a display region and a frame-shaped non-display region located on the outer periphery of the display region.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the display area contains a polymer compound.

1 1 9

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a continuous state in which the liquid crystal is partially connected to each other, or a three-dimensional network-like matrix including a polymer compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and held in the mesh network.

In the non-display area, the polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a substantially spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplet in a matrix composed of a polymer compound. And a liquid crystal display element characterized by being held in a dispersed state.

(10) (right after) The non-display area described above is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. Liquid crystal display element.

(11) (After correction) The particle size of liquid crystal droplets or the distance between meshes in the display area is in the range of 0.8 to 1.4 m. 10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein the particle size force of the liquid crystal droplet in the non-display region is less than 0.8 m.

(12) (After correction) Make sure that the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned display area is larger than the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned non-display area. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, which is a feature.

(13) (After correction) The liquid crystal fraction in the display area is in the range of 70% or more and 80% or less, and the liquid crystal fraction in the non-display area is 7%. 13. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein the content is less than 0%.

120

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (14) (After correction) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is disposed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element comprising the above-mentioned pair of substrates bonded together, and a seal material.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is divided into a display region and a frame-shaped non-display region on the outer periphery of the display region,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in the above display area is dispersed and maintained in a state in which liquid crystal droplets are partially connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound. A liquid crystal dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix including and composed of a polymer compound.

The liquid crystal rejection layer in the non-display area is characterized in that the liquid crystal and the polymer compound are formed in a mutually compatible state. Crystal ^ ¹ . (15) (After correction) The non-display area described above is characterized in that the non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. Liquid crystal crystal.

(16) (After correction) A polymer-liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer compound is placed between a pair of substrates each having an electrode on the inner surface. A liquid crystal display element which is disposed and the above-mentioned pair of substrates are bonded to each other with a sealing material;

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is provided at least in a portion corresponding to a display region, and is provided in a non-display region between the seal material and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A liquid crystal display element characterized in that a side gap layer is provided in a corresponding portion.

1 21

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (17) (After amendment) A claim characterized in that the above-mentioned non-displayed area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. The liquid crystal display element according to item 16.

(18) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 17, wherein the above-mentioned side interstitial layer is made of a vacuum.

(19) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display in Claim 17 which features that the above-mentioned side interstitial layer is filled with gaseous matter Element.

(20) (After amendment) The interstitial layer on the side described above is a liquid according to claim 17, which is characterized in that a polymer compound is formed. Crystal display element.

(21) (After correction) The polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in the polymer compound has electrodes on the inner surface, respectively. A liquid crystal display element that is disposed between a pair of substrates and is attached to the pair of substrates by a sealing material, and is a liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal composite layer contains liquid crystal droplets dispersed and maintained in a matrix continuous phase containing a high molecular compound, or contains a high molecular compound. The liquid crystal is dispersed and maintained in the mesh of the three-dimensional network-like matrix composed as above, and the above-described polymer liquid crystal composite layer is It is divided into a frame-shaped non-display area located on the inner periphery of the seal material and a display area located inside the non-display area. The size of the droplets in the display area above is smaller than the size of the mesh or the spacing between meshes.

1 22

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) A liquid crystal display element characterized by a large particle size of liquid crystal droplets or a large mesh separation in a non-display area near a roll material.

(2 2) (after amendment) The non-display area is a frame-shaped area having a width of at least 1.0 mm or more. The liquid crystal display element according to 1.

(23) (After correction) The liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned display area is smaller than the liquid crystal fraction of the liquid crystal in the above-mentioned non-display area. A liquid crystal display element as described in claim 21, which features:

(24) (After correction) The liquid crystal fraction in the above display area is within the range of 70% or more and 80% or less, and is not shown above. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 23, wherein the liquid crystal fraction in the region is greater than 80%.

(25) (After amendment) The difference between the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned display area and the liquid crystal fraction in the above-mentioned non-display area is at least 5 %. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 24, wherein the liquid crystal display element is at least%.

(26) (After correction) The droplet size of liquid crystal droplets near the above-mentioned seal material or the distance between meshes is 1.8 m or more.

In addition, the distance between liquid crystal droplets or meshes in the display area is within a range of not less than 0.8 m and not more than 1.4 μm. The liquid crystal display element described in claim 21.

one two Three

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (27) (After Correction) After disposing a liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution containing a liquid crystal and a polymer precursor between a pair of substrates provided with electrodes on the inner surface, respectively, By irradiating the surface with ultraviolet light, the liquid crystal and the polymer precursor in the liquid crystal polymer precursor solution are subjected to phase separation by polymerizing and curing the polymer precursor. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and maintained in a matrix continuous phase comprising a polymer compound, or a three-dimensional network-like matrix network in which liquid crystals comprise a polymer compound. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element including a phase separation step for producing a polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in the eyes, the method comprising:

The phase separation process is

The irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light applied to the region corresponding to the display region of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer is irradiated to the region corresponding to the non-display region of the high molecular liquid crystal composite layer. Is smaller than the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray.

In the above-mentioned display region, liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a state where some liquid crystal droplets are connected to each other in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound, or A liquid crystal dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix including a compound,

In the non-display area, substantially spherical or spheroidal liquid crystal droplets are dispersed independently of each other in a matrix containing a polymer compound. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, characterized by having a retained structure.

(28) (After correction) After disposing a liquid crystal polymer precursor phase solution containing a liquid crystal and a polymer precursor between a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode on the inner surface, respectively. By irradiating the entire surface of the substrate with ultraviolet light, the liquid crystal polymer precursor is irradiated.

124

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) The liquid crystal and the polymer precursor in the phase solution are phase-separated by polymerizing and curing the polymer precursor, so that the liquid crystal droplets include the polymer compound. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in a continuous phase or dispersed and held in a network of a three-dimensional network matrix composed of a liquid crystal containing a polymer compound. This is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device having a phase separation process for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.

The phase separation step is characterized in that a shielding means for shielding ultraviolet rays is provided in at least a non-display area in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the liquid is irradiated with the ultraviolet rays. Manufacturing method of crystal display device.

(29) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 28, wherein the shielding means is a reflector made of a material that reflects ultraviolet rays. Method.

(30) (after correction) Liquid crystal polymer precursor phase, containing liquid crystal and polymer precursor, between a pair of substrates, each having an electrode on the inner surface. After the substrate is disposed, the substrate surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to separate the liquid crystal and the polymer precursor in the liquid crystal polymer precursor solution into a polymer, thereby polymerizing and curing the polymer precursor. By this, the liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase composed of a polymer compound, or a three-dimensional liquid crystal composed of a liquid crystal containing a polymer compound. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising a phase separation step of producing a polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in a network of a network matrix, comprising:

The above separation procedure is

The irradiation intensity of the first ultraviolet light irradiating the area corresponding to the display area of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is set to the non-display area of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer.

1 25

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) By increasing the irradiation intensity of the second ultraviolet ray to irradiate the corresponding area,

The above-mentioned polymer liquid crystal composite layer has a three-dimensional network in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a matrix continuous phase containing a polymer compound, or a polymer compound is contained. The structure is such that liquid crystals are dispersed and held in the mesh of the matrix matrix.

In addition, the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the display region or the distance between the meshes in the polymer liquid crystal composite layer is smaller than the particle size of the liquid crystal droplets in the non-display region or the distance between the meshes. Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display element characterized by having a small structure

(31) (After correction) The irradiation intensity of the above-mentioned first ultraviolet ray is 50 mW / cm ² or more, and the irradiation intensity of the above-mentioned second ultraviolet ray is 20 mW / cm ^2. 30. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 30, wherein the method is as follows.

(32) (After correction) At least a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal droplet disposed between the first and second substrates so that the liquid crystal droplets are in the polymer compound. And a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer, the polymer / liquid crystal composite layer being dispersed and held in the first and second display electrodes. The substrate and the second substrate are liquid crystal display elements having a structure in which peripheral portions are bonded together via a sealing material.

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, and a gap layer is provided between the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and a substrate surface of the gap layer is provided. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the area inside the liquid crystal display is within a range including at least the entire display area.

1 26

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (33) (After correction) If the refractive index n _s of the second substrate is larger than the refractive index n air of _air ,

A refraction index ng of the upper Symbol second substrate, meets the relation of the following following formula (1) and refraction indices n _x between gap layer, and the refractive index n _p of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer the liquid crystal display device according to claim 3 2 and the refractive indices n _x of the gap layer you characterized and to this was satisfy the relationship below following formula (2).

n _g > n _x … (1)

np> n _x- (2)

(34) (After correction) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 33, wherein the first display electrode and the second display electrode are transparent electrodes.

(35) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 34, wherein the gap layer is filled with air.

(36) (after correction) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 34, wherein the gap layer is vacuum.

(37) (after correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 34, wherein the gap layer contains a liquid crystal material.

(38) (After the correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 34, wherein the second substrate is provided with one optical color filter. .

(39) (After correction) The above-mentioned second substrate and the polymer liquid are provided in the gap layer.

1 27

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 34, wherein the support member is provided so that the crystal composite layer and the crystal composite layer have a predetermined distance. .

(40) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display element described above is characterized in that the display screen is displayed by pressing the display screen with an operation input means. A liquid crystal display element according to claim 34.

(41) (After correction) The liquid crystal display as set forth in claim 40, characterized in that the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the first substrate. Element (

(42) (After correction) The liquid crystal according to claim 40, characterized in that the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the second substrate. Display element,

(43) (After amendment) One of the above-mentioned 1st display electrodes or 2nd display electrodes is an optically reflective electrode that reflects light. Liquid crystal display element described in Claim 33, which is a feature of the present invention.

(44) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 43, wherein the interstitial layer is filled with air.

(45) (after correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 43, wherein the interstitial layer is vacant.

(46) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 43, characterized in that the above-mentioned interstitial layer contains a liquid crystal material.

1 28

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (47) (After correction) An optical color is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate which is different from the substrate on which the above-mentioned optically reflective electrode is formed. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 43, wherein the liquid crystal layer is provided. 45.

(48) (After correction) The above-mentioned interstitial layer is provided with a supporting member so that the above-mentioned second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 43, wherein the liquid crystal display element is characterized in that it is provided.

(49) (After amendment) A claim characterized in that the liquid crystal display element is in a form in which the display screen is displayed by pressing the display screen with an operation input means. Liquid crystal display element described in Item 43.

(50) (After correction) The liquid crystal display according to claim 49, characterized in that the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the first substrate. Element

(51) (After correction) The liquid according to claim 49, characterized in that the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the above-mentioned operation input means is the second substrate. Crystal display element (52) (after correction) Between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the sealing material, a lateral gap layer 34. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 33, wherein a liquid crystal display element is provided.

(53) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display according to claim 52, characterized in that the first display electrode and the second display electrode are transparent electrodes. An indicator.

1 29

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (54) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 53, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are filled with air.

(55) (After correction) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 53, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are in a vacuum.

(56) (After correction) The liquid crystal display according to claim 53, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer each include a liquid crystal material. Device.

(57) (After correction) The liquid crystal display according to claim 53, characterized in that the second substrate is provided with a single optical color filter. Device.

(58) (After Correction) A support member is provided on the interstitial layer so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer have a predetermined interval. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 53, characterized by this.

(59) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element described above is characterized in that the liquid crystal display element is in a form in which a display screen is pressed by an operation input means to display the display screen. Liquid crystal display element.

(60) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 59, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the first substrate.

(61) (After correction) The substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is

130

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 59, characterized in that the liquid crystal display element is a second substrate.

(62) (After amendment) One of the above-mentioned No. 1 and No. 1 display electrodes is an optically reflective electrode that reflects light. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 52, which is a feature.

(63) (After amendment) The claim described in claim 62 is characterized by that the above-mentioned gap layer and the side gap layer are filled with air. Liquid crystal display element of. (64) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 62, wherein the interstitial layer and the side interstitial layer are vacant. .

(65) (After amendment) The claim 62, characterized in that the above-mentioned interstitial layer and side interstitial layer contain a liquid crystal material, The indicated liquid crystal display element.

(66) (After amendment) An optical card is provided on the first substrate or the second substrate, which is different from the substrate on which the above-mentioned optically reflective electrode is formed. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 62, wherein a liquid filter layer is provided.

(67) (After correction) In the above-mentioned interstitial layer, the supporting members should be such that the above-mentioned second substrate and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer are at a specified distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 62, wherein the liquid crystal display element is characterized in that the liquid crystal display element is provided.

(68) (After correction) The above liquid crystal display element manipulates the display screen.

131

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 62, wherein the liquid crystal display element is in a form of being pressed and displayed in a step.

(69) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 68, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the first substrate. .

(70) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 68, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the second substrate. .

(71) (After correction) At least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplet arranged between the first and second substrates are high. A polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in the molecular compound; and a pair of first display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. And a second display electrode and an optical color filter layer provided on the second substrate side. Is a liquid crystal display element having a structure stuck through a seal material,

The polymer liquid crystal composite layer is fixed to the first substrate, a second display electrode is formed on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and a second display electrode is formed on the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. 2 An interstitial layer is provided between the display electrode and the second substrate, and the interstitial layer has a region in the substrate surface at least covering the entire display area. Liquid crystal display element characterized by being within the range of inclusion.

(72) (after correction) The black mask adjacent to any of the multiple color material films in the optical color filter layer Light is extended at a position corresponding to the boundary between the interstitial layer and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer, extending a boundary between the matrix and the colorant film. In the case of scattered

1 32

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) Of the scattered scattered light, a first scattered light traveling toward the boundary surface, a black matrix and a color material film adjacent to the color material film Traveling toward the boundary surface of the light—the angle formed by the second scattered light is set to 0, and the pitch between the plurality of color material films in the above-mentioned optical color filter is further increased. Is P (m), and

When the opening rate is 0 p (%),

72. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 71, wherein the gap L (urn) of the gap layer is represented by the following equation.

L ≤ P-(l-O p '/ ² ) / tan 0-(8)

(73) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 72, wherein the first display electrode and the second display electrode are transparent electrodes.

(7 4) refractive index n _s of the (corrected) above Symbol second substrate, the case Ri by refraction index n _air of the air have come large,

The upper Symbol refraction index n _s of the second substrate, it meets the relation of the following following formula (1) and refraction indices n _x between gap layer, and the refractive index np of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer the liquid crystal display device according to claim 7 3 and refraction indices n _x of the gap layer you characterized and to this was satisfy the relationship below following formula (2).

η _ε > n _x … (1)

np> n _x … (2)

(75) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 74, wherein (after the correction), the gap layer is filled with air.

133

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (76) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 74, wherein the gap layer is vacuum.

(77) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 74, wherein the gap layer contains a liquid crystal material.

(78) (After correction) A support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 73, wherein the liquid crystal display device is characterized in that:

(79) (Claim 73) The liquid crystal display element according to Claim 73, wherein the liquid crystal display element is displayed by pressing the display screen by an operation input means. The indicated liquid crystal display element.

(80) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 79, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means (after correction) is the first substrate.

(81) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 79, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means (after correction) is the second substrate.

(82) The method according to claim 72, wherein the first display electrode formed on the first substrate (after correction) is an optical reflection electrode that reflects light. LCD device.

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Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (83) (After correction) If the refractive index n _s of the second substrate is higher than the air refractive index n _air ,

A refraction index n of the upper Symbol second substrate, and the refraction indices n _x of the gap layer meets the relation of the following following formula (1), and the refractive index n _p of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, the liquid crystal display element according to請Motomeko 8 second refractive index and n _x is it characterized and to this was satisfy the relationship below following formula (2) of the gap layer.

n _g > n _x … (1)

np> n _x … (2)

(84) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 83, wherein the gap layer is filled with air.

(85) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 83, wherein the gap layer is vacant.

(86) (After amendment) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 83, characterized in that the gap layer contains a liquid crystal material.

(87) (After correction) A support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined interval. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 82, wherein the liquid crystal display element is characterized in that:

(88) (Corrected) The liquid crystal display element described above is characterized in that the display screen is displayed by pressing the display screen with an operation input means. LCD device.

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Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (89) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 88, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means (after correction) is the first substrate. (90) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 88, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means (after correction) is the second substrate.

(91) (After correction) A lateral gap layer is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the inner peripheral surface of the seal material. The polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device according to claim 72.

(92) (after correction) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 91, wherein the first display electrode and the second display electrode are transparent electrodes.

(9 3) refractive index n _s of the (co after positive) on Symbol second substrate, the case Ri by the refractive index n _a i _r of air have come large,

The refractive index n _s of the second substrate and the refractive index nx of the interstitial layer _satisfy the relationship of the following formula (1), and the refractive index np of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer The liquid crystal display device according to claim 92, wherein the refractive index _nx and the refractive index nx of the gap layer _{satisfy the} following expression (2).

n _g > n _x ― (1)

np> n _x … (2)

(94) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 93, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are filled with air.

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Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) (95) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 93, wherein (after correction) the gap layer and the side gap layer are in a vacuum.

(96) (after correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 93, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer include a liquid crystal material. Child.

(97) (After Correction) A support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer-liquid crystal composite layer are at a predetermined distance. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 92, wherein:

(98) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element described above is characterized in that the display screen is displayed by pressing the display screen by an operation input means. Liquid crystal display element.

(99) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 98, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means (after correction) is the first substrate.

(100) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 98, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the second substrate.

(101) (after correction) wherein the first display electrode formed on the first substrate is an optical reflective electrode for reflecting light.

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Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) 9. The liquid crystal display device according to 1.

(1 0 2) refractive index n _s of the (co after positive) on Symbol second substrate, if not come even large Ri by refractive index n _air of the air, and refraction index n _s of the upper Symbol second substrate, it and refraction indices n _x between gap layer was satisfy the relationship below following formula (1), and the refractive index n _p of the polymer liquid crystal composite layer, and the refractive indices n _x of the gap layer below The liquid crystal display device according to claim 101, wherein the relationship represented by the following expression (2) is satisfied.

n _? > n _x … (1)

np> n _x … (2)

(103) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 102, wherein (after the correction), the gap layer and the side gap layer are filled with air. ,

(104) (after correction) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 102, wherein the gap layer and the side gap layer are in a vacuum.

(105) (after correction) The liquid crystal according to claim 102, characterized in that the gap layer and the side gap layer contain a liquid crystal material. Display element.

(106) (After correction) A support member is provided on the gap layer so that the second substrate and the polymer liquid crystal composite layer have a predetermined gap. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 101, wherein:

10 7) (After correction) The above liquid crystal display element operates the display screen.

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Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 101, wherein the liquid crystal display element is configured to be displayed by being pressed by means.

(108) (After correction) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 107, wherein the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the first substrate. .

(109) (After correction) The liquid crystal display according to claim 107, characterized in that the substrate on the pressing side pressed by the operation input means is the second substrate. element.

(110) (after correction) At least at least the first substrate, the second substrate facing the first substrate, and the liquid crystal droplet are arranged between the first and second substrates, and the A polymer liquid crystal composite layer dispersed and held in an object, and a pair of first and second display electrodes for applying an electric field to the polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, comprising: a switching element on the first substrate; and a first display electrically connected to the switching element. A first step for forming an electrode; a second step for forming a polymer liquid crystal composite layer on the first display electrode; and a second step for forming a polymer liquid crystal composite layer. A third step for forming a second display electrode;

A fourth step of inspecting the display state by applying a voltage to the first and second display electrodes; and

On the basis of the inspection result of the fourth step, only the polymer liquid crystal composite layer having a good display state is compared with the polymer liquid crystal composite layer and the second substrate.

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Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) A fifth step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate so that a predetermined gap is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate;

A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element.

(111) (After correction) The second substrate used for the fifth step has an optical color filter layer formed on its surface in advance. The method for producing a liquid crystal display element according to claim 110, which is characterized in that

140

Amended paper (Article 19 of the Convention) Claims (1) to (31) in the claims based on Article 19 of the Convention have been prepared for a liquid crystal display device having a display area and a non-display area.

Claims (32) to (70) are made for a liquid crystal display device having a gap layer. More specifically, Claims 34 to 42 relate to a transmissive liquid crystal display device having a gap layer, and the claims are referred to as Claims 43 to 42. Item 51 relates to a reflective liquid crystal display element having an interstitial layer. Claims Claims 52 to 61 relate to a transmission S liquid crystal display element having an interstitial layer and a side interstitial layer, and the claims are in accordance with claims 62 to 61. Item 70 relates to a reflective liquid crystal display device having a gap layer and a side gap layer.

Claims 71 to 109 are made for a liquid crystal display element provided with one optical color filter and a gap layer. More specifically, claims 73 to 81 relate to a transmissive liquid crystal display element having an optical color filter and a gap layer. Claims Claims 82 to 90 relate to a reflective liquid crystal display element having one optical color filter and a gap layer. It is. Claims (91) to (100) relate to a transmissive liquid crystal display device having one optical color filter, a gap layer and a side gap layer. Claims Claims 101 to 109 relate to a reflection type liquid crystal display device having one optical color filter, a gap layer, and a side gap layer. is there .

Claims (11) to (11) are made with respect to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element having a gap layer.