WO1998053679A1 - Compositions de desinfectant solide et de tensio-actifs - Google Patents

Compositions de desinfectant solide et de tensio-actifs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998053679A1
WO1998053679A1 PCT/US1998/009193 US9809193W WO9853679A1 WO 1998053679 A1 WO1998053679 A1 WO 1998053679A1 US 9809193 W US9809193 W US 9809193W WO 9853679 A1 WO9853679 A1 WO 9853679A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid
composition
surfactant
disinfectant material
mixture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/009193
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter A. Gay
Richard M. Mullins
Original Assignee
Arch Chemicals, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arch Chemicals, Inc. filed Critical Arch Chemicals, Inc.
Priority to AU72886/98A priority Critical patent/AU7288698A/en
Publication of WO1998053679A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998053679A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition comprising a solid disinfectant material having a surfactant dispersed therein.
  • the present invention relates to solid formed articles of a pool sanitizer material [e.g., calcium hypochlorite or trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) or sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDCC) ] having a surfactant dispersed therein.
  • a pool sanitizer material e.g., calcium hypochlorite or trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) or sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDCC)
  • the present invention provides a solution to this need whereby solid disinfectant material is made slower dissolving by blending with a surfactant.
  • the present invention is directed to a composition
  • a composition comprising a solid disinfectant material having an effective dissolving-rate-controlling amount of a surfactant dispersed therein.
  • One preferred aspect of the present invention is directed to a solid-formed article comprising a compressed solid disinfectant material having an effective dissolving-rate-controlling amount of a surfactant dispersed therein.
  • solid disinfectant material is used in this specification and claims to include any solid non- halogen-containing material or halogen-containing material that is known as a disinfecting and/or sanitizing agent.
  • Solid non-halogen-containing materials include potassium monopersulfate (also known as OXONE ® ) and sodium perborate.
  • solid halogen-containing disinfectant material includes any solid halogen-containing material known as a disinfecting and/or sanitizing agent. These materials include those chemicals that are believed to function as a disinfecting agent by virtue of the formation of a hypohalite ion (e.g., hypochlorite ion) or hypohalous acid (e.g., hypo-chlorous acid) when the material is dissolved in an aqueous medium.
  • hypohalite ion e.g., hypochlorite ion
  • hypohalous acid e.g., hypo-chlorous acid
  • Such solid halogen- containing disinfectant materials include hypochlorites such as calcium hypochlorite, lithium hypochlorite and magnesium hypochlorite; chlorinated isocyanuric acids such as dichloroisocyanuric acid (also known as dichloro-s-triazinetrione or DCCA) and trichloroisocyanuric acid (also known as trichloro-s- triazinetrione or TCCA) ; sodium and potassium salts of said chlorinated isocyanuric acids such as sodium dichloroisocyanurate (SDCC) as well as mixtures thereof; chlorinated and brominated hydantoins such as 1, 3-dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin, l-bromo-3-chloro- 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) , 1, 3-dichloro-5-ethyl-5- methylhydantoin, 1, 3-dichloro-5, 5-di
  • One preferred embodiment of the present invention encompasses any halogen-containing disinfectant material which is made by any process and which is compatible with the surfactant component of the present composition. Numerous descriptions of making these solid disinfectant materials exist and each of aforementioned commercially available solid halogen-containing disinfectants can be prepared by methods well known to the ordinary skilled artisan.
  • Calcium hypochlorite is the preferred solid halogen-containing disinfectant material of the present invention. It is a preferred sanitizer for swimming pools, hot tubs, spas, health-relating baths, toilet bowls, and water cooling/heating systems. In addition, its strong oxidative power rapidly degrades organic material, e.g., perspiration products, sun tan lotion and the like in recreational and health water. The result of its use is safe and sparkling clear water of high appeal to bathers and other water-users .
  • the present invention makes calcium hypochlorite granules and tablets more long-lasting without the shortcomings of the commercial tablets available to- date.
  • the second critical component of the present invention is a surfactant or a blend of surfactants.
  • surfactant as used in the specification and claims is used to include any and all types of surface active agents including cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, nonionic "surfactants, or amphoteric surfactants that are compatible with the specific solid disinfecting material employed.
  • the surfactant may be either monomeric or polymeric in nature.
  • the preferred surfactants are the anionic type, with sulfate anionic surfactants having the most preferred class of anionic surfactants.
  • sodium lauryl sulfate also known as sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • sodium, ammonium or triethanolammonium are the preferred counter-ions for anionic surfactants
  • chloride or methosulfate is the preferred counter-ion for cationic surfactants
  • other counter-ions may be used.
  • the main purpose for using a surfactant in the present invention is to adjust the dissolving rate of the solid disinfectant material. The presence of the surfactant lowers the water solubility of the solid disinfectant materials. It is especially beneficial to slow the dissolving rate of a solid halogen-containing disinfectant material like calcium hypochlorite.
  • the surfactant can be dispersed in many forms, such as powders, flakes, needles, solutions, and the like. Powders are generally preferred for ease-of- dispersing with the disinfectant or sanitizer. If the surfactant is used in powdered form, it is preferably employed in a fine particle-size.
  • fine particle-size as applied to surfactant means any particle of surfactant small enough to be dispersed in the halogen-containing disinfectant material. Generally, surfactant materials having an average particle size from about 0.005 to about 10 microns are preferred. Average particle sizes range from about 0.05- to about 5 microns are more preferred.
  • Surfactants have many other advantages for using them as a dissolving-rate-controlling additive for a solid halogen-containing disinfectant material.
  • Two, surfactants do not increase the dustiness of calcium hypochlorite as do some additives such as lime.
  • Four, surfactants generally do not increase the pH or alkalinity of water.
  • Five, surfactants are generally colorless. Their presence does not make the resulting formed articles (e.g., tablets) any less white.
  • Six, the surfactants used herein can make the resulting formed articles (e.g., tablets) smoother.
  • surfactants can be colored or pigmented. Therefore, the solid formed articles such as tablets can be easily color-differentiated from similar shaped solid halogen- containing disinfectant material.
  • surfactants keep the liners and skimmers, in swimming pools and the like, cleaner.
  • effective dissolving-rate-controlling amount refers to any amount of surfactant that will effectively control the dissolving rate of an solid disinfectant material. Generally, amounts from about 0.01% to about 50% by weight, based on total solids (i.e., combined weight of sanitizer plus surfactant) , are preferred. Of course, this amount may be constantly changing because of the possible variations in many parameters. Some of these parameters include: the specific disinfectant material used; the specific surfactant employed; the specific application; the geometry and size of the disinfectant material; the velocity of the water; temperature; and the like.
  • the present invention is not restricted to a simple mixture of solid disinfectant material and a surfactant.
  • Other ingredients may be also incorporated, such as perfumes, sequestering agents, flocculents, scale inhibitors, colorants, stabilizers, foam regulators, corrosion inhibitors, algaecides, processing agents and the like.
  • the surfactant is mixed or blended with granules of calcium hypochlorite in amounts to control the dissolution rate of the hypochlorite in water.
  • about 0.1 to about 5.0 parts by weight of the surfactant need to be added to about 99.9 to about 95 parts of calcium hypochlorite granules.
  • This blending may be carried out in any suitable type of blending equipment.
  • the solid dispersant material may be blended with a powdered or flaked surfactant using a V-Blender, ribbon blender, paddle blender or the like.
  • granules of the solid disinfectant material may be sprayed with an aqueous surfactant solution.
  • blends of granulated calcium hypochlorite containing the surfactant may be then formed into solid articles (e.g., tablets) by suitable size-enlarging apparatus and processes. Such solid-formed article dissolves more slowly when placed in contact with water.
  • Commercial calcium hypochlorite granules generally have a particle size distribution between about -6 and +100 U.S.
  • Sieve Series i.e., the granules vary in size principally between about 0.132 inches (3.36 millimeters) and about 0.006 inches (0.149 millimeters) . More commonly, the particles will have a particle size distribution between about -6 and +60 U.S. Sieve Series, i.e., between about 0.132 inches (3.36 millimeters) and about 0.0098 inches (0.250 millimeters) .
  • calcium hypochlorite may vary in its composition depending on the commercial source and the process used to prepare the product .
  • commercially available granular calcium hypochlorite contains at least 60 weight percent available chlorine (as calcium hypochlorite), e.g., between about 60 and 78 weight percent available chlorine, more particularly between about 65 and 75 weight percent available chlorine.
  • Moisture (water) may comprise between about 1 weight percent and about 15 weight percent, more particularly between about 4 and about 10 weight percent, of the calcium hypochlorite product.
  • the remainder of the calcium hypochlorite article of commerce is typically composed of varying amounts of residual salts, such as sodium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide., and calcium chlorate, depending on the process used to prepare the calcium hypochlorite.
  • Granular calcium hypochlorite is typically sufficiently free-flowing to allow it to be introduced into conventional size-enlarging compaction devices wherein it is compacted with pressure into the shape desired (e.g., a tablet).
  • Size-enlarging devices that may be used to prepare calcium hypochlorite articles include a molding press, tableting press, roll-type press, pellet mill, and screw extruder. These devices are known in the art.
  • the compressed article may be prepared in any convenient desired shape or size, e.g., a brick, stick, puck, briquette, triangle, doughnut, star, pellet, tablet, and the like, depending on the intended use of the article or product differentiation desired by the manufacturer.
  • the shape is that of a tablet.
  • the compressed article may typically have a mass of between about 1 gram and 500 grams, more preferably, between about 5 and 300 grams.
  • the compressed article may be of a size which may be inserted readily into a skimmer or dissolving basket used with swimming pools or dissolvers used to form concentrated solutions of calcium hydrochlorite .
  • the diameter of such tablet be between about 2.5 inches (6.35 centimeters) and about 3.5 inches (8.9 centimeters), e.g., between about 2.75 and 3.50 inches (7.0 and 8.9 centimeters), and be about 1 to 2 inches (2.5-5.1 centimeters), e.g., 1.5 inches (3.8 centimeters) thick.
  • the compressed product may be partially covered with a plastic wrap to further reduce the dissolving rate of the solid disinfectant material .
  • Solid-formed articles such as tablets, of compressed granular calcium hypochlorite prepared with the surfactant described hereinabove dissolve more slowly than similar tablets prepared from calcium hypochlorite that do not contain a surfactant additive when such tablets are placed in a skimmer basket used in association with swimming pools and contacted with circulating pool water.
  • the slow dissolution of the aforesaid article thereby provides a continuous source of available chlorine for disinfecting and sanitizing pool water over the period of time required to dissolve substantially all the calcium hypochlorite tablet.
  • Such tablets may also be used in flow-thru tablet feeders where their slower dissolving rate reduces the frequency that the feeder needs to be recharged.
  • the surfactant may be applied to the surface of calcium hypochlorite granules in the form of a solution, emulsion or suspension. This may be accomplished by spraying the dissolved or dispersed surfactant (e.g., 1-25% by weight) onto granulates of disinfectant material and then those coated granules are preferably compressed together in tablet form.
  • the anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants were hand-blended as small particle-sized solids with the solid disinfectant material for about two minutes, followed by blending for about 20 minutes at 30 rpm with a V-shaped commercially-available blender (Model 014-215-0053; Bison Gear and Engineering Corporation) .
  • the amphoteric surfactants were spray-misted as aqueous solutions onto the solid disinfectant material using a specially-designed laboratory apparatus.
  • the above-described dispersion was compacted with pressure into a 1-inch diameter, 20-gram tablet or a 3 -inch diameter, 300-gram tablet having a puck shape.
  • a Carver Laboratory Press Model B
  • a Wabash Metal Products Press Model 25-1212-SMBX
  • Testing of the tablets comprising a solid disinfectant material having a surfactant dispersed therein, was performed in a skimmer and/or a floater in a 6,800-gallon swimming pool equipped with a sand filter.
  • the pool water was circulated continuously at 20 gallons per minute.
  • the pool water was circulated for 8 hours at 30 gallons per minute, followed by 16 hours not circulating.
  • the temperature in the pool water was maintained at 80-84°F during the test period. Dissolving times for the test tablets were noted and compared to control tablets that did not contain a surfactant.
  • TABLE I shows the dissolving times of one-inch diameter tablets made with calcium hypochlorite with and without a variety of anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric surfactants.
  • the comparison test with no surfactant present showed that a pure calcium hypochlorite tablet dissolved at a relatively fast rate.
  • the comparison test with 1% by-weight surfactant present significantly extended the dissolving time.
  • TABLE II shows the dissolving times of three-inch diameter tablets "" made with calcium hypochlorite with and without surfactants .
  • the comparison test with no surfactant present showed that a pure calcium hypochlorite tablet dissolved at a relatively fast rate.
  • the comparison tests with surfactant present significantly extended the dissolving times. Using sodium lauryl sulfate as the surfactant, the dissolving time increased as the surfactant concentration increased.
  • TABLE III shows the dissolving times of one-inch diameter tablets made with various disinfectants, other than calcium hypochlorite, with sodium lauryl sulfate.
  • the comparison test with no surfactant present showed that a pure disinfectant tablet dissolved at a relatively fast rate.
  • the comparison tests with surfactant present significantly extended the dissolving times.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un désinfectant solide dans lequel est dispersée une quantité efficace d'un tensio-actif en contrôlant le taux de dilution.
PCT/US1998/009193 1997-05-30 1998-05-07 Compositions de desinfectant solide et de tensio-actifs WO1998053679A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU72886/98A AU7288698A (en) 1997-05-30 1998-05-07 Solid disinfectant material/surfactant compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86663097A 1997-05-30 1997-05-30
US866,630 1997-05-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998053679A1 true WO1998053679A1 (fr) 1998-12-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/009193 WO1998053679A1 (fr) 1997-05-30 1998-05-07 Compositions de desinfectant solide et de tensio-actifs

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AU (1) AU7288698A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998053679A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA984658B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7560033B2 (en) 2004-10-13 2009-07-14 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Multi-functional oxidizing composition

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996030491A1 (fr) * 1995-03-27 1996-10-03 Jeyes Group Plc Composition liberant des halogenes pour nettoyage des toilettes

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996030491A1 (fr) * 1995-03-27 1996-10-03 Jeyes Group Plc Composition liberant des halogenes pour nettoyage des toilettes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WINDHOLZ, M., BUDAVARI, S., BLUMETTI, R. F., OTTERBEIN, E. S.: "MERCK INDEX. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHEMICALS, DRUGS, AND BIOLOGICALS.", vol. ED. 10, 1 January 1983, RAHWAY, MERCK & CO., US, article "CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE.", pages: 231., XP002914149, 014479 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7560033B2 (en) 2004-10-13 2009-07-14 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Multi-functional oxidizing composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7288698A (en) 1998-12-30
ZA984658B (en) 1998-12-08

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