WO1998053351A3 - Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof - Google Patents

Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998053351A3
WO1998053351A3 PCT/GB1998/001429 GB9801429W WO9853351A3 WO 1998053351 A3 WO1998053351 A3 WO 1998053351A3 GB 9801429 W GB9801429 W GB 9801429W WO 9853351 A3 WO9853351 A3 WO 9853351A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fabrication
optical
serve
methods
optical devices
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/001429
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1998053351A2 (en
Inventor
Martin David Brian Charlton
Gregory Jason Parker
Original Assignee
Btg Int Ltd
Martin David Brian Charlton
Gregory Jason Parker
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to KR1019997010586A priority Critical patent/KR100578683B1/en
Priority to EP98921643A priority patent/EP0981771A2/en
Priority to AU74427/98A priority patent/AU751846B2/en
Priority to CA002287275A priority patent/CA2287275C/en
Priority to JP55010898A priority patent/JP3905561B2/en
Application filed by Btg Int Ltd, Martin David Brian Charlton, Gregory Jason Parker filed Critical Btg Int Ltd
Publication of WO1998053351A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998053351A2/en
Publication of WO1998053351A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998053351A3/en
Priority to US09/910,014 priority patent/US6640034B1/en
Priority to US10/147,328 priority patent/US6788863B2/en
Priority to US10/384,551 priority patent/US6778746B2/en
Priority to US10/438,316 priority patent/US6735368B2/en
Priority to US10/769,755 priority patent/US6901194B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
    • G01N21/774—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides the reagent being on a grating or periodic structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
    • G02B6/12009—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
    • G02B6/12014—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides characterised by the wavefront splitting or combining section, e.g. grooves or optical elements in a slab waveguide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
    • G02B6/2813—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs based on multimode interference effect, i.e. self-imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2861—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using fibre optic delay lines and optical elements associated with them, e.g. for use in signal processing, e.g. filtering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/365—Non-linear optics in an optical waveguide structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B2006/12133—Functions
    • G02B2006/12164—Multiplexing; Demultiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/0632—Thin film lasers in which light propagates in the plane of the thin film
    • H01S3/0635—Thin film lasers in which light propagates in the plane of the thin film provided with a periodic structure, e.g. using distributed feed-back, grating couplers

Abstract

An optical device includes a waveguide bounded by a region containing a photonic band gap the properties of which determined the transfer characteristic of the waveguide. Such a device may serve as a component of, for example a wavelength division multiplexer, a monochromatic laser or a chemical sensor. It may serve as an optical bus for an electronic component such as a microprocessor. These devices are particularly suitable for incorporation in optical and optoelectronic integrated circuits as they permit the fabrication of waveguides having right-angle bends with a radius of the order of 2 νm.
PCT/GB1998/001429 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof WO1998053351A2 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019997010586A KR100578683B1 (en) 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
EP98921643A EP0981771A2 (en) 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
AU74427/98A AU751846B2 (en) 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
CA002287275A CA2287275C (en) 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
JP55010898A JP3905561B2 (en) 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical device and method for forming the same
US09/910,014 US6640034B1 (en) 1997-05-16 2001-07-23 Optical photonic band gap devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US10/147,328 US6788863B2 (en) 1997-05-16 2002-05-17 Optical delay device
US10/384,551 US6778746B2 (en) 1997-05-16 2003-03-11 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US10/438,316 US6735368B2 (en) 1997-05-16 2003-05-15 Optical delay device
US10/769,755 US6901194B2 (en) 1997-05-16 2004-02-03 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9710062.2A GB9710062D0 (en) 1997-05-16 1997-05-16 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof
GB9710062.2 1997-05-16

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US41523399A Continuation 1997-05-16 1999-10-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998053351A2 WO1998053351A2 (en) 1998-11-26
WO1998053351A3 true WO1998053351A3 (en) 1999-02-04

Family

ID=10812491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/001429 WO1998053351A2 (en) 1997-05-16 1998-05-18 Optical devices and methods of fabrication thereof

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (3) US6640034B1 (en)
EP (3) EP0981771A2 (en)
JP (1) JP3905561B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100578683B1 (en)
AU (1) AU751846B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2287275C (en)
DE (2) DE69839654D1 (en)
GB (1) GB9710062D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1998053351A2 (en)

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