WO1998051736A1 - Procede de production de mousses de polyurethane et/ou de polyisocyanurate rigides a alveoles ouvertes - Google Patents

Procede de production de mousses de polyurethane et/ou de polyisocyanurate rigides a alveoles ouvertes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998051736A1
WO1998051736A1 PCT/EP1998/002510 EP9802510W WO9851736A1 WO 1998051736 A1 WO1998051736 A1 WO 1998051736A1 EP 9802510 W EP9802510 W EP 9802510W WO 9851736 A1 WO9851736 A1 WO 9851736A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
range
silicon
specific surface
rigid foams
groups
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/002510
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bert Klesczewski
Josef Sanders
Torsten Heinemann
Walter Klän
Original Assignee
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19806740A external-priority patent/DE19806740A1/de
Application filed by Bayer Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to AU77597/98A priority Critical patent/AU7759798A/en
Publication of WO1998051736A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998051736A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/3893—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen containing silicon
    • C08G18/3895—Inorganic compounds, e.g. aqueous alkalimetalsilicate solutions; Organic derivatives thereof containing no direct silicon-carbon bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
    • C08G18/482—Mixtures of polyethers containing at least one polyether containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
    • C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
    • C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for producing water-driven open-cell rigid foams containing urethane and / or isocyanurate groups
  • Rigid polyurethane foams are made from polyols with an average of at least three hydroxyl groups per molecule, at least difunctional isocyanates, catalysts,
  • Blowing agents and polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymers and, if appropriate, customary additives are prepared.
  • polyether polyols or polyester polyols or mixtures thereof are used, the polyol mixture used having on average at least three hydroxyl groups per molecule and the hydroxyl number of the polyol mixture used being between 100 and 900.
  • Volatile organic compounds with boiling points below 60 ° C. or else water and combinations of the two are preferably used as blowing agents.
  • the water reacts with the isocyanate component to form carbon dioxide and amine, which in turn reacts further with the isocyanate component to form polyurea.
  • the resulting rigid polyurethane foams are mostly mostly closed-cell with a density between 5 and 950 kg / m 3 .
  • Recent developments in the field of rigid polyurethane foams concern the targeted production of largely open-cell optimally or polyisocyanurate-modified rigid polyurethane foams. These can be used as insulation materials, for example in vacuum panels.
  • the patent DE 43 03 809 describes a process for the production of rigid foams with increased open cell structure, in which the cell-opening effect of a liquid polyolefin additive is used.
  • this method can only be used narrowly and has the additional disadvantage that the claimed method
  • German Offenlegungsschrift DOS 2 359 606 describes a process in which hydrophilic isocyanate components have been reacted with an excess of silica sol, as a result of which water-containing inorganic-organic plastics are obtained. It was an object of the present invention to provide a process for the production of open-cell rigid polyurethane foams which makes it possible to use a largely open-celled rigid polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate foam with a uniform cell structure and the widest possible range of possible variations of the raw materials that can be used using blowing water as blowing agent and
  • the invention relates to a process for the production of predominantly open-celled polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate rigid foams from the reaction of
  • the liquid phase in which this inorganic solid, which acts as a cell opener, is finely divided can either be water or a liquid constituent of the foam raw material mixture, such as the polyol component.
  • solids from the group silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxides, cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, tungsten carbide, silicon, silicon carbide, iron sulfides in the form of crystallographically defined particles or else X-ray amorphous form are used as the inorganic solid with the specified specific surface area.
  • silicon dioxide in the form of an aqueous silica sol is particularly preferred.
  • Water is preferably used as the liquid phase in which the inorganic solid is present.
  • Polyol formulations used in the process according to the invention contain at least one, at least two compounds having hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates and have a molecular weight of 150 to 12,500 g / mol, preferably 200 to 1500 g / mol, which have at least one tertiary nitrogen atom in the molecule. They are obtained by polyaddition of alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, dodecyl oxide or styrene oxide, preferably propylene oxide or ethylene oxide onto starter compounds.
  • alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, dodecyl oxide or styrene oxide, preferably propylene oxide or ethylene oxide onto starter compounds.
  • Ammonia or compounds containing at least one primary have mary or secondary or tertiary amino groups, such as, for example, aliphatic amines such as ethylenediamine, oligomers of ethylenediamine (for example diethylenetriamine, triethylenenteramine or pentaethylenehexamine), ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyl- or N-ethyl-diethanolamine, 1, 3-propylenediamine, 1,3- or 1,4-butylenediamine, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, aromatic amines such as phenylenediamines, toluenediamines , (2,3-toluenediamine, 3,4-toluenediamine, 2,4-toluenediamine, 2,5-toluenediamine, 2,6-toluenediamine or mixtures of the isomers mentioned), 2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethan
  • At least one polyester polyol with a molecular weight of 100 to 30,000 g / mol, preferably 150 to 10,000 g / mol, particularly preferably 200 to 600 g / mol, of aromatic and / or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and polyols having at least 2 hydroxyl groups can also be used.
  • dicarboxylic acids are phthalic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, azelaic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid and succinic acid.
  • the pure dicarboxylic acids and any mixtures thereof can be used.
  • dicarboxylic acid derivatives e.g. Dicarboxylic acid mono- or diesters of alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are used.
  • the following alcohol components are preferably used for the esterification: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2- or 1,4-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10- Decanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, or mixtures thereof.
  • polyol formulations used can also contain polyether esters, such as those e.g. by reaction of phthalic anhydride with diethylene glycol and subsequently with ethylene oxide.
  • the catalysts customary in polyurethane chemistry can be used.
  • examples of such catalysts are: triethylene diamine, N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, tetramethylene diamine, l-methyl-4-dimethylaminoethylpiperazine, triethyl amine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, N, N ', N "-Tris- (dimethylaminopropyl) hexahydrotriazine, dimethylaminopropylformamide, N, N, N', N 'tetramethylendiamine, N, N, N', N'-tetramethylbutanediamine, tetramethylhexanediamine , Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, tetramethyldiaminoethyl ether, dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, l-azabicyclo (3,3,0) octane, bis (
  • isocyanate component e.g. aromatic polyisocyanates, e.g. by W. Siefken in Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 562, pages 75 to 136, for example those of the formula
  • n 2 to 4 preferably 2
  • Q is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 2 to 18, preferably 6 to 10, carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 4 to 15, preferably 5 to 10, carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to 15, preferably 8 to 13, carbon atoms
  • Atoms mean e.g. such polyisocyanates, as described in DE-OS 28 32 253, pages 10 to 11, possible.
  • the technically easily accessible polyisocyanates are generally used with particular preference, for example the 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers (“TDI”), polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates as they are be prepared by aniline-formaldehyde condensation and subsequent phosgenation (“crude MDI”) and carbodiimide groups, urethane groups, allphanate groups, isocyanurate groups, urea groups or biuret groups, and “modified polyisocyanates”, in particular modified polyisocyanates, which differ from 2,4- and Derive 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate or from 4,4'- and / or 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
  • TDI 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate and any mixtures of these isomers
  • CAMDI aniline-formaldehyde condensation and subsequent phosgenation
  • carbodiimide groups carbodi
  • Prepolymers from the isocyanates mentioned and organic compounds with at least one hydroxyl group such as, for example, 1 to 4 hydroxyl group-containing polyol or polyester components with a molecular weight of 60 to 1400 can also be used.
  • Auxiliaries such as paraffins, fatty alcohols or dimethylpolysiloxanes as well as pigments or dyes, furthermore stabilizers against aging and weather influences, plasticizers and fungistatic and bacteriostatic substances as well
  • Fillers such as barium sulfate, kieselguhr, carbon black or sludge chalk can also be used if necessary.
  • any surface-active additives and foam stabilizers to be used as well as cell regulators, reaction retarders, stabilizers, flame-retardant substances, dyes and fillers, as well as fungistatic and bacteriostatic substances, and details on the use and action of these additives are published in the Plastic Handbook, Volume VII, published by Vieweg and Höchtlen, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff 1966, e.g. on pages 121 to 205, and 2nd edition 1983, edited by G. Oertel (Carl-
  • the process according to the invention for producing the foams can be carried out as block foaming or in the manner of the double transport process known per se.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the rigid foams produced according to the invention as an intermediate layer for composite elements and Foaming out cavities in refrigerated cabinets such as refrigerators and freezers
  • the method according to the invention is preferably used for the foaming of cavities in refrigerators and freezers
  • Another object of the invention is the use of the rigid foams produced according to the invention as full substrates for vacuum iso panels
  • Polyol A polypropylene oxide polyether with a molecular weight of 1,100 based on triethanolamine
  • Polyol B polypropylene oxide polyether with a molecular weight of 580 based on sorbitol / glycerol
  • Stabilizer commercially available silicone stabilizer
  • Hydrosol I aqueous silica sol having a weight content of silicon dioxide of 30% and a specific surface area of the dried silicon dioxide (100/30% Levasil ®, a product of Bayer AG, Leverkusen) of 100 m 2 / g
  • Hydrosol II aqueous silica sol having a weight content of silicon dioxide of 30% and a specific surface area of the dried silicon dioxide (200/30% Levasil ®, a product of Bayer AG, Leverkusen) of 200 m 2 / g
  • Hydrosol III aqueous silica sol having a weight content of silicon dioxide of 30% and a specific surface area of the dried silicon dioxide of 300 m 2 / g (Levasil ® 300/30%, commercial product of Bayer AG, Leverkusen)
  • Free-rising test specimens with the basic dimensions of 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm were produced using the foaming process customarily used on a laboratory scale using water as the blowing agent.
  • the following formulations are used:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de mousses de polyuréthane et/ou de polyisocyanurate rigides essentiellement à alvéoles ouvertes issues de la réaction de A) un constituant polyol présentant au moins deux groupes réactifs par rapport aux isocyanates, qui contient 1) au moins deux polyéthers et/ou polyesters présentant des groupes réactifs par rapport aux isocyanates, 2) de l'eau, 3) éventuellement des catalyseurs, ainsi que 4) éventuellement d'autres additifs et adjuvants, avec B) un polyisocyanate comprenant entre 20 et 48 % en poids de NCO. Ce procédé se caractérise en ce qu'on ajoute au mélange réactionnel, un solide inorganique réparti finement dans une phase liquide, ledit solide ayant une surface spécifique de l'ordre de 10 à 500 m2/g dans une quantité comprise entre 0,01 et 9 % en poids, par rapport à la somme du constituant B). L'invention concerne en outre l'utilisation des mousses rigides ainsi produites comme couche intermédiaire pour des éléments composites, comme matériau de gonflement pour des cavités dans le domaine de la fabrication de réfrigérateurs et comme substrat de charge pour la fabrication de panneaux à vide isolant.
PCT/EP1998/002510 1997-05-12 1998-04-29 Procede de production de mousses de polyurethane et/ou de polyisocyanurate rigides a alveoles ouvertes WO1998051736A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU77597/98A AU7759798A (en) 1997-05-12 1998-04-29 Method for producing rigid open-cell polyurethane and/or polyisocyanurate foams

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19719844 1997-05-12
DE19719844.9 1997-05-12
DE19806740A DE19806740A1 (de) 1997-05-12 1998-02-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung offenzelliger Polyurethan- und/oder Polyisocyanurathartschaumstoffe
DE19806740.2 1998-02-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998051736A1 true WO1998051736A1 (fr) 1998-11-19

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AU (1) AU7759798A (fr)
TW (1) TW434295B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998051736A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001005883A1 (fr) * 1999-07-20 2001-01-25 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Elastomeres de polyurethanne, compacts et/ou cellulaires, presentant des charges nanometriques
EP1907435A2 (fr) * 2005-07-27 2008-04-09 Century Products LLC Matiere composite comprenant de la mousse rigide presentant des charges inorganiques
CN105566887A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2016-05-11 南京理工大学常熟研究院有限公司 一种聚氨酯隔热材料的制备方法
CN105566886A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2016-05-11 南京理工大学常熟研究院有限公司 一种用于塑铝复合门窗的聚氨酯隔热材料
CN115819705A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-03-21 万华节能科技(烟台)有限公司 一种全水低密度包装泡沫
CN116323736A (zh) * 2020-10-01 2023-06-23 卡博特公司 柔性聚氨酯泡沫以及其配制物

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011083017A1 (de) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-21 Evonik Industries Ag Verbundwerkstoffe umfassend eine offenzellige Polymermatrix und darin eingebettete Granulate

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2359606A1 (de) * 1973-11-30 1975-06-05 Bayer Ag Anorganisch-organische kunststoffe
US4142030A (en) * 1973-11-30 1979-02-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Inorganic-organic plastic
FR2590263A1 (fr) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-22 Applicom Sa Mousse de polyurethanne resistante au feu, son procede de preparation et ses applications
EP0676433A2 (fr) * 1994-04-08 1995-10-11 BASF Schwarzheide GmbH Procédé pour la préparation de mousses de polyuréthane dures jusqu'aux dures tenace ayant une teneur élevé en cellules ouvertes et une faible rétraction

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2359606A1 (de) * 1973-11-30 1975-06-05 Bayer Ag Anorganisch-organische kunststoffe
US4142030A (en) * 1973-11-30 1979-02-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Inorganic-organic plastic
FR2590263A1 (fr) * 1985-11-21 1987-05-22 Applicom Sa Mousse de polyurethanne resistante au feu, son procede de preparation et ses applications
EP0676433A2 (fr) * 1994-04-08 1995-10-11 BASF Schwarzheide GmbH Procédé pour la préparation de mousses de polyuréthane dures jusqu'aux dures tenace ayant une teneur élevé en cellules ouvertes et une faible rétraction

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001005883A1 (fr) * 1999-07-20 2001-01-25 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Elastomeres de polyurethanne, compacts et/ou cellulaires, presentant des charges nanometriques
EP1907435A2 (fr) * 2005-07-27 2008-04-09 Century Products LLC Matiere composite comprenant de la mousse rigide presentant des charges inorganiques
EP1907435A4 (fr) * 2005-07-27 2010-06-16 Century Products Llc Matiere composite comprenant de la mousse rigide presentant des charges inorganiques
AU2006272502B2 (en) * 2005-07-27 2012-02-02 Certain Teed Corporation Composite material including rigid foam with inorganic fillers
US9315612B2 (en) 2005-07-27 2016-04-19 Certainteed Corporation Composite material including rigid foam with inorganic fillers
US9650466B2 (en) 2005-07-27 2017-05-16 Certainteed Corporation Composite material including rigid foam with inorganic fillers
US10329397B2 (en) 2005-07-27 2019-06-25 Certainteed Corporation Composite material including rigid foam with inorganic fillers
CN105566887A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2016-05-11 南京理工大学常熟研究院有限公司 一种聚氨酯隔热材料的制备方法
CN105566886A (zh) * 2014-12-25 2016-05-11 南京理工大学常熟研究院有限公司 一种用于塑铝复合门窗的聚氨酯隔热材料
CN116323736A (zh) * 2020-10-01 2023-06-23 卡博特公司 柔性聚氨酯泡沫以及其配制物
CN115819705A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-03-21 万华节能科技(烟台)有限公司 一种全水低密度包装泡沫

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TW434295B (en) 2001-05-16
AU7759798A (en) 1998-12-08

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