WO1998051622A1 - Grey water purification and recycling system - Google Patents

Grey water purification and recycling system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998051622A1
WO1998051622A1 PCT/AU1998/000342 AU9800342W WO9851622A1 WO 1998051622 A1 WO1998051622 A1 WO 1998051622A1 AU 9800342 W AU9800342 W AU 9800342W WO 9851622 A1 WO9851622 A1 WO 9851622A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
grey water
purification
reservoir
purification system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1998/000342
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Thien Siung Yang
Original Assignee
Australian Water Purification Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Australian Water Purification Limited filed Critical Australian Water Purification Limited
Priority to AU72010/98A priority Critical patent/AU7201098A/en
Publication of WO1998051622A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998051622A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/465—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electroflotation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to water supply systems for commercial, industrial and domestic establishments. More particularly although not exclusively it provides an improved system which minimises both consumption of potable water and discharge of sewer effluent.
  • a water supply and purification system comprising a first storage reservoir for purified grey water, a second storage reservoir for contaminated grey water and a grey water purification means connected between said first and second reservoirs, means for supplying purified grey water from said first reservoir for usage, means for discharging contaminated grey water from said usage (excluding toilet usage) to said second storage reservoir, means to supply said contaminated grey water from said second reservoir to said purification means for processing thereof, means to replenish said first reservoir with purified grey water from said purification means and means to make up said first reservoir against any loss of grey water with additional water to said system.
  • grey water is used in this specification to indicate waste water from the use of the kitchen sink, hand basin, bath, shower, laundry or the like but excluding the toi let.
  • the attached figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the currently preferred form of a grey water purification and recycling system according to this concept.
  • the system may comprise a processing tank 1 of say 125 litres, a purified grey water storage tank 2 of say 500 litres, and a contaminated grey water storage tank 3 of say 2000 litres.
  • the processing tank 1 is situated at ground level
  • the purified grey water tank 2 is located at the ceiling or roof level of a building and the contaminated grey water storage tank 3 is mainly below ground level.
  • Typical town water 4 is presumed to be clear and drinkable and in accordance with this invention is supplied only to the kitchen taps 5 and to a low level make up tap 6 (with float ball valve) in the purified grey water storage tank 2.
  • Water from kitchen usage is passed first through a conventional grease trap 7 which retains substantially all the oil, grease and fat. This grey water is then discharged into the tank 3. All contaminated grey water from hand basin 8, bath/shower 9, and laundry 10 usage is also discharged to the storage tank 3 via conduits 11. Overflow from this tank 3 is discharged into the sewer system 12 as shown. Flush water from the toilet 13 is not recycled but rather is also discharged directly into the sewer system 12. Any rain water 14 collected from the building roof, garden and paths etc. is preferably discharged into the storage tank 3. When this storage tank 3 is close to full but before overflow a ball diversion device 15 directs any excess rain water to the storm water drain 16 to avoid unnecessary flow into the sewer.
  • pump 17 When the processing tank 1 is activated pump 17 is also turned on to draw grey water from the storage tank 3 to fill the tank 1 through conduit 17A. After the tank 1 is filled to the required level as indicated by level switch 18 the pump 17 is turned off and the contaminated grey water therein is purified.
  • the tank 1 operates using a process of electrolysis whereby an electric potential is applied between two or more electrodes (not shown) which are submerged in said tank. The chemical reactions at these electrodes produce bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen as well as floe. The floe binds with impurities in the water and is then carried with the bubbles up to the water surface where it can be collected and disposed of.
  • the bottom 19 of the processing tank 1 is preferably cone shaped to provide a low point for collection of any heavy sediment which cannot be flushed out from the top.
  • a solenoid valve 20, is controlled by a central microprocessor 21 to discharge this sediment periodically.
  • the currently preferred operation of the processing tank 1 is more fully described in the applicant's co-pending Australian patent application 61885/98.
  • Typical processing time for a 125 litre tank would be about three hours. All processing procedures and the necessary sequences involved are preferably controlled by the central microprocessor 21.
  • the controller 21 opens a solenoid control valve 22 to let previously purified grey water flow from the tank 2 into tank 1 through conduit 23 so that the floe floating in the cone shaped top 24 is displaced out through an overflow chute 25 to the sewer 12.
  • the controller 21 then turns on the pump 26 which discharges the purified grey water into the storage tank 2 through conduit 27.
  • the water in this tank 2 is then supplied through conduits 28 for non-potable usage in the aforementioned hand basins 8, bath/shower 9, laundry 10 and toilet 13.
  • a level switch 29 When the level of purified grey water in the tank 2 reaches a predetermined maximum it is detected by a level switch 29 and the pump 26 is turned off. Alternatively when the level of water in the processing tank 1 falls to a predetermined minimum as detected by level switch 30 the pump 26 is also turned off.
  • a tap and ball float valve 6 is preferably provided in the tank 2 to enable town water 4 to be added as required to make up for any loss or short fall of purified grey water. Any excess purified grey water in tank 2 is discharged back into the contaminated grey water tank 3 through conduit 31.
  • the controller 21 stops the pumping of contaminated grey water to the processing tank 1.
  • the purified grey water can be used for drinking and kitchen use. For such applications it may be necessary to add a precautionary device in the purified grey water line 27 to further ensure that should any living organisms such as bacteria, virus and algae slip through the system they will be killed before the water enters the purified grey water storage tank 2.
  • a pressure boosting pump 33 of any suitable design may be added to the purified grey water outlet line 28.
  • a small flush water tank 34 immediately above the processing tank 1.
  • This tank would be filled by the purified grey water pump 26 via line 35 and would preferably have a capacity approximately 10% of the processing tank capacity.
  • a ball float valve 36 inside closes to prevent overflow.
  • a silver ion dosing device 37 or ultra-violet ray disinfectant device 38 may be added to the purified grey water line 27 before it discharges into tank 2.
  • the silver ion dosing device 37 may be either a unit specially designed for the system or a commercially available unit. It is preferably adapted for dosing silver ion to a level of 0.02 to 0.05 g/litre or any other level necessary to kill the organisms in the water while still being safe for human consumption.
  • the ultra-violet disinfectant device 38 may also be either a unit specially designed for the system or a commercially available unit.
  • this invention at least in the form of the example disclosed provides a novel and useful improvement to water supply systems.
  • grey waste water from areas such as the kitchen, laundry, bath, shower and wash basin for purification and reuse it is envisaged that consumption of potable town water can be reduced by up to 75%.
  • Sewer effluent may also be reduced by up to 75%.
  • the system at least in the form described provides a balanced and self contained water purification recycling system which requires no manual intervention and can operate continuously without maintenance for many months except for normal grease trap clearing. No additive of any kind needs to be provided during the life of the system.
  • the embodiment disclosed is only the currently preferred form of this invention and a wide variety of modifications may be made to the system.
  • the invention is not limited to any particular shape or capacity for the processing tank or storage tanks as these may be changed according to appl ication .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

There is a grey water supply and purification system comprising a storage reservoir (2) for purified grey water, a storage reservoir (3) for contaminated grey water and a grey water purification tank (1) which is connected between reservoirs (2 and 3). There is a pump and conduit system (28, 33) for the supply of purified grey water from the reservoir (2) for usage such as hand basins (8), bath/shower (9), laundry (10) and toilet (13). There is a conduit system (11) for discharging contaminated grey water from such usage (other than toilet usage) to the reservoir (3) and pump and conduit system (17, 17A) for supplying grey water to the purification tank (1). There is also a pump (26) and conduit (27) for replenishing the reservoir (2) with purified water from the tank (1). The pumps are controlled by a microprocessor (24).

Description

GREY WATER PURIFICATION AND RECYCLING SYSTEM
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to water supply systems for commercial, industrial and domestic establishments. More particularly although not exclusively it provides an improved system which minimises both consumption of potable water and discharge of sewer effluent.
Domestic households, hotels and restaurants etc. typically use large amounts of potable town water. Moreover, this water is subsequently discharged into the sewer system immediately after use. Existing systems are thus very wasteful of town water and also place a heavy load on sewage treatment. This poses a threat to potable water supplies and further generates excessive quantities of sewer effluent which is discharged back into the environment .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of this invention to ameliorate the aforementioned disadvantages and accordingly there is disclosed a water supply and purification system comprising a first storage reservoir for purified grey water, a second storage reservoir for contaminated grey water and a grey water purification means connected between said first and second reservoirs, means for supplying purified grey water from said first reservoir for usage, means for discharging contaminated grey water from said usage (excluding toilet usage) to said second storage reservoir, means to supply said contaminated grey water from said second reservoir to said purification means for processing thereof, means to replenish said first reservoir with purified grey water from said purification means and means to make up said first reservoir against any loss of grey water with additional water to said system.
The term "grey water" is used in this specification to indicate waste water from the use of the kitchen sink, hand basin, bath, shower, laundry or the like but excluding the toi let.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The attached figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the currently preferred form of a grey water purification and recycling system according to this concept.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The system may comprise a processing tank 1 of say 125 litres, a purified grey water storage tank 2 of say 500 litres, and a contaminated grey water storage tank 3 of say 2000 litres. Preferably but not essentially the processing tank 1 is situated at ground level, the purified grey water tank 2 is located at the ceiling or roof level of a building and the contaminated grey water storage tank 3 is mainly below ground level.
Typical town water 4 is presumed to be clear and drinkable and in accordance with this invention is supplied only to the kitchen taps 5 and to a low level make up tap 6 (with float ball valve) in the purified grey water storage tank 2. Water from kitchen usage is passed first through a conventional grease trap 7 which retains substantially all the oil, grease and fat. This grey water is then discharged into the tank 3. All contaminated grey water from hand basin 8, bath/shower 9, and laundry 10 usage is also discharged to the storage tank 3 via conduits 11. Overflow from this tank 3 is discharged into the sewer system 12 as shown. Flush water from the toilet 13 is not recycled but rather is also discharged directly into the sewer system 12. Any rain water 14 collected from the building roof, garden and paths etc. is preferably discharged into the storage tank 3. When this storage tank 3 is close to full but before overflow a ball diversion device 15 directs any excess rain water to the storm water drain 16 to avoid unnecessary flow into the sewer.
When the processing tank 1 is activated pump 17 is also turned on to draw grey water from the storage tank 3 to fill the tank 1 through conduit 17A. After the tank 1 is filled to the required level as indicated by level switch 18 the pump 17 is turned off and the contaminated grey water therein is purified. Preferably the tank 1 operates using a process of electrolysis whereby an electric potential is applied between two or more electrodes (not shown) which are submerged in said tank. The chemical reactions at these electrodes produce bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen as well as floe. The floe binds with impurities in the water and is then carried with the bubbles up to the water surface where it can be collected and disposed of. The bottom 19 of the processing tank 1 is preferably cone shaped to provide a low point for collection of any heavy sediment which cannot be flushed out from the top. A solenoid valve 20, is controlled by a central microprocessor 21 to discharge this sediment periodically. The currently preferred operation of the processing tank 1 is more fully described in the applicant's co-pending Australian patent application 61885/98.
Typical processing time for a 125 litre tank would be about three hours. All processing procedures and the necessary sequences involved are preferably controlled by the central microprocessor 21. When the purification of the grey water is almost completed the controller 21 opens a solenoid control valve 22 to let previously purified grey water flow from the tank 2 into tank 1 through conduit 23 so that the floe floating in the cone shaped top 24 is displaced out through an overflow chute 25 to the sewer 12. When the processing is completed the controller 21 then turns on the pump 26 which discharges the purified grey water into the storage tank 2 through conduit 27. The water in this tank 2 is then supplied through conduits 28 for non-potable usage in the aforementioned hand basins 8, bath/shower 9, laundry 10 and toilet 13. When the level of purified grey water in the tank 2 reaches a predetermined maximum it is detected by a level switch 29 and the pump 26 is turned off. Alternatively when the level of water in the processing tank 1 falls to a predetermined minimum as detected by level switch 30 the pump 26 is also turned off. As mentioned earlier a tap and ball float valve 6 is preferably provided in the tank 2 to enable town water 4 to be added as required to make up for any loss or short fall of purified grey water. Any excess purified grey water in tank 2 is discharged back into the contaminated grey water tank 3 through conduit 31. When the level in tank 3 is low as detected by low level switch 32, the controller 21 stops the pumping of contaminated grey water to the processing tank 1.
For some areas where there is no town water supply the purified grey water can be used for drinking and kitchen use. For such applications it may be necessary to add a precautionary device in the purified grey water line 27 to further ensure that should any living organisms such as bacteria, virus and algae slip through the system they will be killed before the water enters the purified grey water storage tank 2.
For applications where the purified grey water storage tank 2 may have to be located at ground level or where the user requires higher water pressure a pressure boosting pump 33 of any suitable design may be added to the purified grey water outlet line 28.
For mass produced commercial units, instead of using purified grey water from tank 2 it may be preferably to add a small flush water tank 34 immediately above the processing tank 1. This tank would be filled by the purified grey water pump 26 via line 35 and would preferably have a capacity approximately 10% of the processing tank capacity. When this tank is full a ball float valve 36 inside closes to prevent overflow.
For some countries where regulations require it or as a precaution against possible malfunction of the purification mechanism or to make the purified grey water potable a silver ion dosing device 37 or ultra-violet ray disinfectant device 38 may be added to the purified grey water line 27 before it discharges into tank 2. The silver ion dosing device 37 may be either a unit specially designed for the system or a commercially available unit. It is preferably adapted for dosing silver ion to a level of 0.02 to 0.05 g/litre or any other level necessary to kill the organisms in the water while still being safe for human consumption.
The ultra-violet disinfectant device 38 may also be either a unit specially designed for the system or a commercially available unit.
Other devices such as activated carbon or Zeolite absorption devices may also be used in lieu of the silver and ultra-violet devices.
It will thus be appreciated that this invention at least in the form of the example disclosed provides a novel and useful improvement to water supply systems. By collecting grey waste water from areas such as the kitchen, laundry, bath, shower and wash basin for purification and reuse it is envisaged that consumption of potable town water can be reduced by up to 75%. Sewer effluent may also be reduced by up to 75%. The system at least in the form described provides a balanced and self contained water purification recycling system which requires no manual intervention and can operate continuously without maintenance for many months except for normal grease trap clearing. No additive of any kind needs to be provided during the life of the system. It is to be understood however that the embodiment disclosed is only the currently preferred form of this invention and a wide variety of modifications may be made to the system. For example the invention is not limited to any particular shape or capacity for the processing tank or storage tanks as these may be changed according to appl ication .

Claims

The claims defining the invention are as follows:
1. A water supply and purification system comprising a first storage reservoir for purified grey water, a second storage reservoir for contaminated grey water and grey water purification means which in use of said system is connected between said first and second reservoirs, means for supplying purified grey water from said first reservoir for usage, means for discharging contaminated grey water from said usage (other than toilet usage) to said second storage reservoir, means to supply said contaminated grey water from said second reservoir to said purification means for processing thereof, means to replenish said first reservoir with purified grey water from said purification means and means to enable make up of loss of grey water from said system.
2. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said grey water purification means uses a process of electrolysis whereby an electric potential is applied between two or more electrodes submerged in a processing tank.
3. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said means to supply said contaminated grey water from said second reservoir to said purification means and said means to replenish said first reservoir with purified grey water from said processing means include pump means controlled by a microprocessor.
4. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 3 wherein said microprocessor is operatively associated with level sensing switches in said first and second storage reservoirs and said processing tank whereby water therein is maintained within predetermined maximum and minimum levels.
5. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 4 wherein said grey water purification means includes a flush water tank located above said processing tank, said flush water tank having a smaller capacity than said processing tank.
6. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 5 wherein during use of said system the flush water tank holds grey water previously purified in said processing tank.
7. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 6 wherein said means to make up against loss of grey water from said system is adapted to use a source of potable town water.
8. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 7 wherein said first storage reservoir is located higher than said second storage reservoir.
9. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 8 wherein the bottom of said processing tank is cone shaped to provide a low point or sump for collection of heavy sediment from the purification process and an outlet valve controlled by said microprocessor is provided to periodically discharge said sediment from the tank.
10. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 9 wherein means are provided to direct accumulated rain water into said second storage reservoir.
11. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 10 wherein said means for supplying purified grey water from said first reservoir for usage includes a pressure boosting pump.
12. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 11 wherein water from toilet usage is discharged directly to a sewer.
13. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 12 wherein said means to replenish said first reservoir from said processing means includes a disinfecting means and said usage includes potable usage.
14. The water supply and purification system as claimed in claim 13 wherein said disinfecting means includes a silver dosing device and/or an ultra-violet ray device.
PCT/AU1998/000342 1997-05-12 1998-05-11 Grey water purification and recycling system WO1998051622A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU72010/98A AU7201098A (en) 1997-05-12 1998-05-11 Grey water purification and recycling system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPO6724A AUPO672497A0 (en) 1997-05-12 1997-05-12 Grey water purification and recycling system
AUPO6724 1997-05-12

Publications (1)

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WO1998051622A1 true WO1998051622A1 (en) 1998-11-19

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1431249A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-23 Airbus Deutschland GmbH Method and apparatus for cleaning and disinfecting surfaces in mobile or permanent toilet systems
WO2008101276A1 (en) * 2007-02-20 2008-08-28 Perpetual Water Pty Ltd Apparatus and method for removing contaminants from water

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3630874A1 (en) * 1985-10-09 1987-04-09 Polygraph Leipzig Tension-spring suspension arrangement in non-positively engaging cam mechanisms
US5288412A (en) * 1992-01-09 1994-02-22 Voorhees Michael T Gray water processing system
US5453203A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-09-26 Toyo Dynam Co., Ltd. Process and apparatus for purifying low polluted water
DE4435304C1 (en) * 1994-10-01 1996-05-15 Joachim Dipl Ing Zeisel Grey water purification and recycling plant which may be installed in habitable buildings
US5549812A (en) * 1994-03-26 1996-08-27 Wt Wassertechnologie Gmbh Process and apparatus for processing industrial waste water by electrolysis
US5573677A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-11-12 Dembrosky; Edward Washing machine rinse water recovery apparatus and method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3630874A1 (en) * 1985-10-09 1987-04-09 Polygraph Leipzig Tension-spring suspension arrangement in non-positively engaging cam mechanisms
US5288412A (en) * 1992-01-09 1994-02-22 Voorhees Michael T Gray water processing system
US5453203A (en) * 1992-10-22 1995-09-26 Toyo Dynam Co., Ltd. Process and apparatus for purifying low polluted water
US5549812A (en) * 1994-03-26 1996-08-27 Wt Wassertechnologie Gmbh Process and apparatus for processing industrial waste water by electrolysis
US5573677A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-11-12 Dembrosky; Edward Washing machine rinse water recovery apparatus and method
DE4435304C1 (en) * 1994-10-01 1996-05-15 Joachim Dipl Ing Zeisel Grey water purification and recycling plant which may be installed in habitable buildings

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN; & JP,A,07 116 667 (KUISHI SHICKIROU) 9 May 1995. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN; & JP,A,07 232 983 (TANAKA-TOMOJI) 5 September 1995. *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1431249A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-23 Airbus Deutschland GmbH Method and apparatus for cleaning and disinfecting surfaces in mobile or permanent toilet systems
WO2008101276A1 (en) * 2007-02-20 2008-08-28 Perpetual Water Pty Ltd Apparatus and method for removing contaminants from water

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