WO1998021420A1 - Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids - Google Patents

Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998021420A1
WO1998021420A1 PCT/NO1997/000299 NO9700299W WO9821420A1 WO 1998021420 A1 WO1998021420 A1 WO 1998021420A1 NO 9700299 W NO9700299 W NO 9700299W WO 9821420 A1 WO9821420 A1 WO 9821420A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
distribution
water
liquid
outlets
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1997/000299
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sten Y. Sondov
Original Assignee
Sondov Sten Y
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sondov Sten Y filed Critical Sondov Sten Y
Priority to EP97913544A priority Critical patent/EP1015706B1/en
Priority to CA002271803A priority patent/CA2271803A1/en
Priority to AT97913544T priority patent/ATE239836T1/en
Priority to AU50708/98A priority patent/AU5070898A/en
Priority to DE69721843T priority patent/DE69721843D1/en
Priority to US09/308,158 priority patent/US6216733B1/en
Publication of WO1998021420A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998021420A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B13/00—Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems
    • E02B13/02—Closures for irrigation conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/02—Water-ways
    • E02B9/04—Free-flow canals or flumes; Intakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B2201/00—Devices, constructional details or methods of hydraulic engineering not otherwise provided for
    • E02B2201/50—Devices for sequentially discharging constant liquid quantities, e.g. into different irrigation channels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85938—Non-valved flow dividers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86236—Tank with movable or adjustable outlet or overflow pipe
    • Y10T137/86252—Float-supported outlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids, comprising a tank with at least one inlet and two or more outlets adapted to deliver equal amounts of liquid.
  • This invention in a practical embodiment, concerns a distribution shaft or tank for water, in particular water either for infiltration in the soil or for irrigation of agricultural areas, where it is often desirable to distribute the water evenly over large areas.
  • the distribution shaft will be connected to an external water source, which distributes the water evenly to one or more outlets. After the setting up of the distribution shaft, its outlets must be adjusted with accuracy so that the water flux to the outgoing pipes/channels is distributed approximately evenly between these. This adjustment is not easy, as the outlets are usually to be found in the bottom of a narrow shaft, often two or three meters below ground level.
  • the adjustment must be carried out, not only at the setting up of the shaft, but continually through the years because the least level difference between the lowest point of the water outlets, where water starts running out to the outlet pipes from the distribution shaft, entails large differences in the water volume from the outlet of the distribution shaft.
  • distribution shafts that can be adjusted from ground level, but this is a time consuming process where one has to use tools with long handles, good lighting and adequate measuring devices.
  • movable parts have a tendency to jamming, as they are exposed to influx of sludge to the areas about to be repaired.
  • features and functions may be included as follows :
  • the water volume in the basin varies with the influx, and entails that the sides of the basin are kept free from possible sludge.
  • the water then, runs down through the desired number of outlet openings (distribution holes) which can be equipped with a known type of V- overflows . Thereafter the water runs out through elbows of the outlets, which are connected with other installations. If the distribution shaft, and therewith also the in- and outlet devices, are put out of level, the floating body with its distribution holes will always keep a levelled stable position on the water phase of the shaft, as it is without contact with the fixedly installed devices for in- and outlet.
  • the bottom of the water distributing basin is formed so that it can compensate hydrologically for slantingly installed inlets, which takes place when the distribution shaft becomes subject to greater angle deviations.
  • the basin bottom has a downward concave shape.
  • the bottom of the distribution shaft is formed so that it creates an evenly distributed "splash-effect" , resulting in an improved effect of infiltration pipes and ditches. This distribution shaft with its floating body compensates for as much as 15 degrees of angle deviation of the shaft or tank in all direction.
  • Figure 1 shows the distribution shaft in vertical cross section after the line a-b on figure 2.
  • the arrows indicate the direction in which the water runs.
  • Figure 2 shows the water distribution shaft seen from above. Dotted lines indicate pipes and cavities, invisible from the top; the arrows illustrate the direction in which the water runs. The process of the operation is explained by reference to the numbers which are noted on the drawing.
  • the water is fed to the shaft 1 through the inlet 2 which is sunk into th water distribution basin 4 of the floating body 3
  • the number 12 shows the water level in the water distribution basin. From basin 4 water runs radially out to, and down through, the distribution holes 5.
  • These have a pipe connection 6 which is situated internally in the elbow of the outlet pipe 7 and ensures that the water is led further down into the elbow.
  • Around the pipe connection 6 there are in the horizontal plane larger circular recesses or openings 8, so that the inlet to the elbow 7 of the outlet pipe can extend up within the floating body 3.
  • the water level in the shaft 1 is determined by the lower- most elbow 7 or the outlet pipe.
  • the elbow determines which position the floating body 3 can occupy before it touches the ceiling in one or more of the circular openings 8 and thereby losing its capacity for automatic water distribution.
  • These parameters determine the capacity for angle deviations, with the limitation that the floating body 3 ought to be very stable, and to obtain that the limitation has to be larger than heigh:width approx. 1:2.
  • the distribution holes 5 can in their lower edge have an approximate V-shaped inlet cross section, as known per se.
  • the floating body should be smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft 1. Likewise, there must be sufficient clearance to the pipe connections to secure free movement.
  • the circular surrounding wall or elevation 10 ensures that the water is led to the distribution holes 5.
  • the inlet 2 and the floating body 3 can be lifted from their assembled positions as shown, after removal of a cover (not shown) on top of the shaft or tank 1. Condensation of water on the inside of the shaft provides sufficient water for the movement of the floating body 3. For reasons of balance an extra circular opening 8 below the inlet .2 is connected with a ventilation opening 11. This leads out through the circular elevation 10 to avoid variations in pressure.
  • the water level 12 in the water distribution basin 4 varies somewhat with the volume of the induced water, and ensures rinsing of the slanting sides in the floating body 3.
  • the float body preferably has an outer contour running at a small distance from, but with sufficient clearance in relation to adjacent inner walls of the tank.
  • Another feature related to the freedom of movement of the float body in relation to the stationary tank walls and other fixed components therein, will be seen in the relatively deep central part .4A of the distribution basin 4 , in which the inlet pipe .2 is immersed, as illustrated in fig. 1.
  • This solution besides will provide for a water lock effect.
  • the bottom of the central part 4A is shown to be more or less planar in fig. 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids, comprising a tank (1) with at least one inlet (2) and two or more outlets (6, 7) adapted to deliver equal amounts of liquid. A float body (3) is adapted to float on a water reservoir (9) in the tank (1) and is provided with a distribution basin (4) for receiving liquid from said inlet(s) (2). The distribution basin (4) has a number of outlet openings (5) corresponding to said outlets (6, 7) and located at the same level in the distribution basin (4) and being each adapted to discharge liquid to a separate outlet (6, 7).

Description

APPARATUS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids, comprising a tank with at least one inlet and two or more outlets adapted to deliver equal amounts of liquid.
This invention in a practical embodiment, concerns a distribution shaft or tank for water, in particular water either for infiltration in the soil or for irrigation of agricultural areas, where it is often desirable to distribute the water evenly over large areas. Normally the distribution shaft will be connected to an external water source, which distributes the water evenly to one or more outlets. After the setting up of the distribution shaft, its outlets must be adjusted with accuracy so that the water flux to the outgoing pipes/channels is distributed approximately evenly between these. This adjustment is not easy, as the outlets are usually to be found in the bottom of a narrow shaft, often two or three meters below ground level. The adjustment must be carried out, not only at the setting up of the shaft, but continually through the years because the least level difference between the lowest point of the water outlets, where water starts running out to the outlet pipes from the distribution shaft, entails large differences in the water volume from the outlet of the distribution shaft. There are distribution shafts that can be adjusted from ground level, but this is a time consuming process where one has to use tools with long handles, good lighting and adequate measuring devices. Furthermore, movable parts have a tendency to jamming, as they are exposed to influx of sludge to the areas about to be repaired.
A distribution shaft or tank for infiltration, involving drawbacks as explained immediately above, is described in Norwegian patent specification No. 151.051. Also No. 176.976 shows a valve design of some interest in this connection. Other prior art, being of still less relevance, is represented by US patents 1.591.453 and 2.518.292. There are many reasons why distribution shafts change their position across time. It often happens because of movements in the ground by loose fillers, generally unstable masses, for example by passage of a tractor nearby. In countries where the ground is normally frozen during certain periods, this is considered to be the main reason for the necessary frequent adjustments of distribution shafts.
To overcome the existing drawbacks of distribution shafts it is therefore an objects of this invention to provide a new and improved solution which, among other things, results in automatic adjustment in a distribution tank, so that there is normally no need for later manual resetting or adjustment in order to obtain a long-term equal amount or flow of water in all outlets form the tank. According to the invention this is obtained primarily by means of a float body adapted to float on a water reservoir in the tank and provided with a distribution basin for receiving liquid from said inlet (s) , said distribution basin having a number of outlet openings corresponding to said outlets and located at the same level in the distribution basin and being each adapted to discharge liquid to a separate outlet.
In other words influxed water or other liquids is distributed over a stably floating watertight body, centrally situated and equipped with a basin for reception and distribution of water.
In a practical embodiment features and functions may be included as follows : The water volume in the basin varies with the influx, and entails that the sides of the basin are kept free from possible sludge. The water then, runs down through the desired number of outlet openings (distribution holes) which can be equipped with a known type of V- overflows . Thereafter the water runs out through elbows of the outlets, which are connected with other installations. If the distribution shaft, and therewith also the in- and outlet devices, are put out of level, the floating body with its distribution holes will always keep a levelled stable position on the water phase of the shaft, as it is without contact with the fixedly installed devices for in- and outlet. The bottom of the water distributing basin is formed so that it can compensate hydrologically for slantingly installed inlets, which takes place when the distribution shaft becomes subject to greater angle deviations. Thus, preferably the basin bottom has a downward concave shape. Also, the bottom of the distribution shaft is formed so that it creates an evenly distributed "splash-effect" , resulting in an improved effect of infiltration pipes and ditches. This distribution shaft with its floating body compensates for as much as 15 degrees of angle deviation of the shaft or tank in all direction.
The invention will be explained more cosely in the following description with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings. Figure 1 shows the distribution shaft in vertical cross section after the line a-b on figure 2. The arrows indicate the direction in which the water runs. Figure 2 shows the water distribution shaft seen from above. Dotted lines indicate pipes and cavities, invisible from the top; the arrows illustrate the direction in which the water runs. The process of the operation is explained by reference to the numbers which are noted on the drawing.
The water is fed to the shaft 1 through the inlet 2 which is sunk into th water distribution basin 4 of the floating body 3 The number 12 shows the water level in the water distribution basin. From basin 4 water runs radially out to, and down through, the distribution holes 5. These have a pipe connection 6 which is situated internally in the elbow of the outlet pipe 7 and ensures that the water is led further down into the elbow. Around the pipe connection 6 there are in the horizontal plane larger circular recesses or openings 8, so that the inlet to the elbow 7 of the outlet pipe can extend up within the floating body 3. Thus, the water level in the shaft 1 is determined by the lower- most elbow 7 or the outlet pipe. Together with the
"headroom" in the circular openings 8, the elbow determines which position the floating body 3 can occupy before it touches the ceiling in one or more of the circular openings 8 and thereby losing its capacity for automatic water distribution. These parameters determine the capacity for angle deviations, with the limitation that the floating body 3 ought to be very stable, and to obtain that the limitation has to be larger than heigh:width approx. 1:2. The distribution holes 5 can in their lower edge have an approximate V-shaped inlet cross section, as known per se. The floating body should be smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft 1. Likewise, there must be sufficient clearance to the pipe connections to secure free movement. The circular surrounding wall or elevation 10 ensures that the water is led to the distribution holes 5. If desired, the inlet 2 and the floating body 3 can be lifted from their assembled positions as shown, after removal of a cover (not shown) on top of the shaft or tank 1. Condensation of water on the inside of the shaft provides sufficient water for the movement of the floating body 3. For reasons of balance an extra circular opening 8 below the inlet .2 is connected with a ventilation opening 11. This leads out through the circular elevation 10 to avoid variations in pressure. The water level 12 in the water distribution basin 4 varies somewhat with the volume of the induced water, and ensures rinsing of the slanting sides in the floating body 3.
Although the above description refers to a particular embodiment according to the invention, it will be understood that various modifications and specific solutions are possible. Whereas, e.g., water has been mentioned as the liquid or liquids involved, also liquids different from water may be of interest in connection with the distribution shaft or tank. This not only relates to the liquid flowing through the tank, but also the reservoir contained in the tank for supporting the float body, may be some other specific liquid than water. The particular field of use will determine what sort of liquid will be involved, such as for installations in industrial processing plants. As regards the relative dimensions and positions of components incorporated in the tank, a primary concern is that the float body shall be able to float freely on the surface of the reservoir liquid, so as to automatically assume a level or horisontal position at any time. Thus the float body preferably has an outer contour running at a small distance from, but with sufficient clearance in relation to adjacent inner walls of the tank. Another feature related to the freedom of movement of the float body in relation to the stationary tank walls and other fixed components therein, will be seen in the relatively deep central part .4A of the distribution basin 4 , in which the inlet pipe .2 is immersed, as illustrated in fig. 1. This solution besides will provide for a water lock effect. At this point it is noted that the bottom of the central part 4A is shown to be more or less planar in fig. 1. As indicated above a more hydrologically favourable shape may be contemplated, in particular by having a downward curvature of this bottom, so that any skewing of inlet pipe 2 with respect thereto will not result in an undesired flow pattern in this central part of the distribution basin. In figs. 1 and 2 five outlets are shown, these being in the principle regularly distributed around the circumference. The balanced arrangement thereby established, will be obtained in a corresponding manner when a different number of outlets are provided for, e.g. three outlets having a mutual angular spacing of 120°.

Claims

C l a i m s
1. Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids, comprising a tank (1) with at least one inlet (2) and two or more outlets (6,7) adapted to deliver equal amounts of liquid, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y a float body (3) adapted to float on a water reservoir (9) in the tank (1) and provided with a distribution basin (4) for receiving liquid from said inlet(s) (2), said distribution basin (4) having a number of outlet openings (5) corresponding to said outlets (6,7) and located at the same level in the distribution basin (4) and being each adapted to discharge liquid to a separate outlet (6,7) .
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the float body (3) has an outer contour running at a small distance from, but with sufficient clearance in relation to adjacent inner walls of the tank (1) .
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the distribution basin (4) has a central part (4A) adapted to receive liquid from the inlet (2) , and a surrounding part (4B) where the outlet openings (5) are located, preferably in a balanced or regularly distributed arrangment in relation to the central part .
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the central part (4A) is relatively deep and the surrounding part (4B) is relatively shallow, preferably with a rising slope towards the outlet openings (5) .
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the inlet (2) comprises a substantially vertical pipe (2A) the end of which is adapted to be immersed in liquid in the central part (4A) .
6. Apparatus according to claim 3 , 4 or 5 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the bottom of the central part (4A) has a downward concave shape.
7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the outlets (7) comprise upper ends serving as overflows for determining a maximum level of the reservoir (9) .
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the outlet openings
(5) are provided with vertically extending pipe connections
(6) cooperating with said upper ends of the outlets (7) in a telescopic manner.
9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the flow body (3) is made of a non-absorbent material and preferably with a resistant surface with respect to the liquid concerned.
PCT/NO1997/000299 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids WO1998021420A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97913544A EP1015706B1 (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids
CA002271803A CA2271803A1 (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids
AT97913544T ATE239836T1 (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
AU50708/98A AU5070898A (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids
DE69721843T DE69721843D1 (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
US09/308,158 US6216733B1 (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO964844A NO964844D0 (en) 1996-11-14 1996-11-14 Automatic adjustable distribution foam
NO964844 1996-11-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998021420A1 true WO1998021420A1 (en) 1998-05-22

Family

ID=19900058

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1997/000299 WO1998021420A1 (en) 1996-11-14 1997-11-11 Apparatus for the distribution of water or other liquids

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6216733B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1015706B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE239836T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5070898A (en)
CA (1) CA2271803A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69721843D1 (en)
NO (1) NO964844D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1998021420A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112160912A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-01 山东黄河工程集团有限公司 Dykes and dams flood prevention flood fighting system

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US6325091B1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2001-12-04 Precision Plumbing Products, Inc. Water distribution apparatus for multiple sewer drain trap primer systems
US6527125B2 (en) * 2001-06-15 2003-03-04 Outokumpu Oyj Washing liquid distribution system
NO20022339L (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-17 Thor Berge Mevatne water Benefits
US6997203B2 (en) * 2003-01-14 2006-02-14 Tsigonis Robert C System and method for distributing liquid flow into predetermined proportions
US7296686B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2007-11-20 Outotec Oyj Directional nozzle for a spiral separator
DE102018200808A1 (en) 2018-01-18 2019-07-18 Mahle International Gmbh The stacked-plate heat exchanger

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NO151051B (en) * 1981-10-15 1984-10-22 Hans Brattrud DISTRIBUTION FOAM FOR INFILTRATION SYSTEMS
SE461407B (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-02-12 Ingemar Karlsson Device for regulating the distribution of waste water between the outlets in a distributor drain
US5407091A (en) * 1993-04-14 1995-04-18 Wallis; Martin Rainwater storage tanks
GB2297769A (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-14 Ecological Products Ltd Storm drain overflow control apparatus

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US1875544A (en) * 1932-09-06 alphonso
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO151051B (en) * 1981-10-15 1984-10-22 Hans Brattrud DISTRIBUTION FOAM FOR INFILTRATION SYSTEMS
SE461407B (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-02-12 Ingemar Karlsson Device for regulating the distribution of waste water between the outlets in a distributor drain
US5407091A (en) * 1993-04-14 1995-04-18 Wallis; Martin Rainwater storage tanks
GB2297769A (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-14 Ecological Products Ltd Storm drain overflow control apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112160912A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-01 山东黄河工程集团有限公司 Dykes and dams flood prevention flood fighting system
CN112160912B (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-05-14 山东黄河工程集团有限公司 Dykes and dams flood prevention flood fighting system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6216733B1 (en) 2001-04-17
AU5070898A (en) 1998-06-03
NO964844D0 (en) 1996-11-14
CA2271803A1 (en) 1998-05-22
EP1015706A1 (en) 2000-07-05
ATE239836T1 (en) 2003-05-15
DE69721843D1 (en) 2003-06-12
EP1015706B1 (en) 2003-05-07

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