WO1998011975A1 - Procede d'elimination des poussieres d'un flux gazeux - Google Patents
Procede d'elimination des poussieres d'un flux gazeux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998011975A1 WO1998011975A1 PCT/FR1997/001638 FR9701638W WO9811975A1 WO 1998011975 A1 WO1998011975 A1 WO 1998011975A1 FR 9701638 W FR9701638 W FR 9701638W WO 9811975 A1 WO9811975 A1 WO 9811975A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- dust
- pyrolysis chamber
- filter
- pyrolysis
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for removing dust from a gas flow and in particular submicron particles.
- the main application of the invention lies in the depollution of gaseous effluents before their rejection to the atmosphere and the purification of the atmosphere when the depollution at the source, despite the measures taken, has been deemed insufficient because of the multiplicity of emission points or particular climatological conditions.
- the main objective is to install air treatment plants in exposed urban areas to eliminate the most dangerous and uncomfortable pollutants.
- the main cause of air pollution in urban areas comes from vehicles with internal combustion engines. Regulatory measures taken in recent years have limited the worsening of the situation, but the increase in traffic has not resulted in any significant improvement, the concentrations permissible maximums are regularly exceeded in the main cities of the world. The authorities have no satisfactory means of reacting if the admissible concentrations are exceeded.
- the pollutants recognized as the most dangerous are:
- VOCs Volatile organic compounds
- the submicron particles which transport these carcinogenic compounds deep into the lungs inside the pulmonary vesicles.
- a 0.3 micrometer particle can introduce up to 39 organic compounds, 15 of which are recognized as carcinogenic in a pulmonary vesicle.
- the particles emitted by engines are 80% composed of particles smaller than one micrometer ( ⁇ ).
- the present invention aims to remedy this state of affairs. It makes it possible to produce, at reasonable investment and operating costs, treatment systems presenting no new nuisance and the dimensions of which are compatible with installation in an urban environment and make it possible to envisage mobile systems for interventions on pollution accident. These devices are able to capture particles from 0.3 to 10 micrometers, to destroy combustible particles, including volatile organic compounds agglutinated on them, to store non-combustible particles, and to eliminate all or part of the others dangerous gaseous pollutants.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the basic principle of the purification system
- FIG. 2 is a cross section on a larger scale of a helical duct turn showing the path of a trapped particle
- Figure 3 is an enlargement of detail A of Figure 2
- Figures 4, 5, 6 respectively represent the internal part, the external part and the two assembled parts of a centrifuge cell consisting of a core inserted in a sheath forming a helical duct
- FIG. 7 shows the diagram of a complete treatment installation comprising several centrifugation cells.
- the device consists of a helical duct 1 comprising several turns 2 each equipped with one or more traps 3 arranged on the part of the internal wall of the duct corresponding to the largest diameter of the turns, and intended for stop the particles to be extracted.
- These traps communicating with a pyrolysis chamber 4 by transfer tubes 5 each consist of an insert forming a conical duct through the wall of the duct 1 and ending in a stop plate 33 of a few tenths of a millimeter placed on the internal face of the duct.
- the dusty gases to be treated are sucked in by an inlet mouth by means of a suction device 6 allowing them to communicate the necessary speed, at least 5 m / s, and directed towards the helical duct 1 where the dust, repelled by the effect of
- a fresh air intake mouth 18 provided with a non-return system 19, this intake, controlled by a flow limiter, being provided automatically by the vacuum produced by the venturi.
- the temperature of the catalysis chamber 4 can be maintained by means of a heat exchanger through which the gas passes before or after treatment. .
- Dust separation can be achieved by a series of small centrifuge cells 20 ( Figures 4 to 7) mounted in parallel inside a sealed dust collecting chamber 21 communicating with the pyrolysis chamber 4 by a inlet valve 22 with periodic opening, each of these cells, advantageously consisting of a core 23 ( Figure 4) inserted in a sheath 24 ( Figure 5), forming an independent helical conduit 1.
- FIG. 7 shows an installation using this type of cells and comprising, in addition to the equipment described above:
- a vacuum pump 29 sucking the dust in the pyrolysis chambers 4 through the filter 14 provided with a cleaning circuit 30, the dedusted air sucked in by the vacuum pump being injected into the circuit main at the outlet of the centrifuge cells, after passing through a cooler 31.
- the noncombustible dust is taken out of the pyrolysis chamber by a discharge valve 32.
- the air freed from particles by the device described remains charged with gaseous pollutants which can be eliminated more or less completely thanks to a double battery of filters 34, 34 ′ (FIG. 7) with low pressure drop mounted at the outlet. of the centrifugation circuit and made up of adsorbents, one filter being active at a given time, the other being in the regeneration (or desorption) phase.
- adsorbents retain, until saturation, the toxic gaseous compounds that we want to eliminate (benzene, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, 1: 3 butadiene, hydrogen sulfide, N20, CO2, CO, etc.), and causes in addition to the dissociation of ozone, very unstable, into oxygen.
- the gas flow is switched to the other filter and the saturated filter is put into the regeneration cycle thanks to a closed desorption and catalytic reaction circuit, open to the atmosphere at the end of the cycle and comprising, in addition to the filter to be regenerated 34 or 34 ′, a circulator, one or two catalytic ovens (a reducing agent for nitrogen oxides and an oxidizing agent for volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide), an automatic valve for the admission, at the end of the regeneration cycle, of pure air coming from the outlet of the active filter and an outlet of air to the atmosphere, through the active filter.
- a closed desorption and catalytic reaction circuit open to the atmosphere at the end of the cycle and comprising, in addition to the filter to be regenerated 34 or 34 ′, a circulator, one or two catalytic ovens (a reducing agent for nitrogen oxides and an oxidizing agent for volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide), an automatic valve for the admission, at the end of the regeneration cycle, of pure air coming from the outlet of the active filter and an outlet of air to
- the circulator circulates the air in a closed circuit from the regenerating filter to the catalytic oven (s) where the reactions then take place.
- catalysts which transform the initial compounds which are desorbed from the filter into C02, H20 and N2. Each time they pass through the oven, some of these toxic compounds are transformed and their content in the gas decreases, until only nitrogen, oxygen in the water and dioxide remain. of carbon.
- air taken from the outlet of the active filter is injected into the circuit and returned to the inlet of the active filter for treatment.
- the filter is cooled by a flow of pure and cold air from the active filter to restore its adsorbent efficiency which decreases when the temperature increases.
- the major interest of this device lies in the energy saving which it allows by the use of a closed cycle during which it is only necessary to provide the energy corresponding to the thermal losses of the circuit, although safe insulation.
- the method according to the invention consists in subjecting the flow of gas to be treated, and therefore the particles contained, a forced centrifugation in the turns 2 of the helical duct 1 so that the particles, heavier than the air molecules , are driven under the effect of centrifugal force towards the corresponding wall larger diameter of the helical duct (a particle of the type of those emitted by diesel engines, and with a size of 0.3 ⁇ weighs 7 million times more than an oxygen molecule).
- the particles entrained by the centrifugal force reach this wall after a certain time depending on the speed of the flow, the weight of the particles and therefore their dimensions, the radius of the propeller and the diameter of the pipe, and are stopped by traps 3, then ejected from the helical pipe 1 towards the pyrolysis chamber 4 accompanied by part of the flow sucked in by the vacuum created by the venturi 10 in or the vacuum pump 29.
- the length of the duct 1 and the number of turns 2 necessary for the lighter particles to reach the wall is calculated by taking into account the various parameters indicated above.
- the calculations are established by taking account of the forces of resistance to advancement due to the viscosity of the air in which the particles move and, moreover, give, as a function of the chosen value of the various parameters, the pressure drops of the circuit and therefore the dimensioning and power of the suction device circulating the gas flow in the circuit.
- the particles After their ejection from the helical duct, the particles are directed towards the pyrolysis chamber 4 brought to the temperature necessary to burn the combustible particles and the compounds which they transport, and the gases coming from the pyrolysis are returned to the atmosphere through an adsorbent filter.
- the small part of the air which escaped from the circuit at the same time as the particles is recycled by reference to the suction or rejected to the atmosphere.
- the treatment of air pollution is not the only application of this device. Its use can, for example, be envisaged for certain specific (asthmatic) dwellings, for establishments open to the public with a view to eliminating tobacco dust, for clean rooms (hospitals, laboratories, workshops for manufacturing semiconductors, etc.), for factory chimneys, dusty workshops (sawmills, cement factories), for the treatment of suspended asbestos (can avoid the destruction of certain buildings), for construction sites (mobile device) or also as a mobile intervention device available to firefighters for interventions on technological risk.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69715026T DE69715026D1 (de) | 1996-09-18 | 1997-09-17 | Verfahren zur abtrennung von staub aus einem gasstrom |
EP97919113A EP0938362B1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 | 1997-09-17 | Procede d'elimination des poussieres d'un flux gazeux |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9611573A FR2753392B1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 | 1996-09-18 | Procede et dispositif d'elimination des poussieres d'un flux gazeux et en particulier des particules submicroniques |
FR96/11573 | 1996-09-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998011975A1 true WO1998011975A1 (fr) | 1998-03-26 |
Family
ID=9495979
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1997/001638 WO1998011975A1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 | 1997-09-17 | Procede d'elimination des poussieres d'un flux gazeux |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0938362B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69715026D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2753392B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998011975A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102008885A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-04-13 | 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 | 湿式氨法烟气脱硫产物干燥冷却输送联动工艺及其设备 |
CN106950010A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-14 | 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 | 一种真空规管防污染装置 |
FR3063912A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-21 | Dcns | Systeme de purification d'un fluide, generateur de vapeur et installation de production d'energie electrique |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2813204B3 (fr) * | 2000-08-24 | 2002-11-01 | Jacques Bellini | Procede et dispositif de separation et de filtration de particules en suspension dans un flux liquide ou gazeux |
US10052571B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2018-08-21 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Fluidic device and method for separation of neutrally buoyant particles |
US9486812B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2016-11-08 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Fluidic structures for membraneless particle separation |
US8276760B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2012-10-02 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Serpentine structures for continuous flow particle separations |
US9862624B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2018-01-09 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Device and method for dynamic processing in water purification |
US8931644B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2015-01-13 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Method and apparatus for splitting fluid flow in a membraneless particle separation system |
US9433880B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2016-09-06 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Particle separation and concentration system |
FR2999451A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-20 | Decherf Olivier | Dispositif et procede pour separer un melange de gaz. |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE641876C (de) * | 1935-07-17 | 1937-02-16 | Jean Loumiet Et Lavigne | Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von fluessigen Bestandteilen aus Gasen |
US3951813A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1976-04-20 | Palma James R | Fluid separator or mixer |
DE2649215A1 (de) * | 1975-10-29 | 1977-05-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Abscheidevorrichtung |
US4285916A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-08-25 | Baisden C Robert | Exhaust gas pollution control system |
JPS5853620A (ja) * | 1981-09-26 | 1983-03-30 | Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US5406790A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1995-04-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification device for an engine |
US5429250A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1995-07-04 | Dobson; Austin J. | Separation apparatus |
DE4415672A1 (de) * | 1994-05-04 | 1995-11-09 | Norbert Stegmann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung der Abgasemissionen von Verbrennungsmotoren |
-
1996
- 1996-09-18 FR FR9611573A patent/FR2753392B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-09-17 EP EP97919113A patent/EP0938362B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-17 WO PCT/FR1997/001638 patent/WO1998011975A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-09-17 DE DE69715026T patent/DE69715026D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE641876C (de) * | 1935-07-17 | 1937-02-16 | Jean Loumiet Et Lavigne | Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von fluessigen Bestandteilen aus Gasen |
US3951813A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1976-04-20 | Palma James R | Fluid separator or mixer |
DE2649215A1 (de) * | 1975-10-29 | 1977-05-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Abscheidevorrichtung |
US4285916A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-08-25 | Baisden C Robert | Exhaust gas pollution control system |
JPS5853620A (ja) * | 1981-09-26 | 1983-03-30 | Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US5429250A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1995-07-04 | Dobson; Austin J. | Separation apparatus |
US5406790A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1995-04-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification device for an engine |
DE4415672A1 (de) * | 1994-05-04 | 1995-11-09 | Norbert Stegmann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung der Abgasemissionen von Verbrennungsmotoren |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 7, no. 141 (M - 223)<1286> 21 June 1983 (1983-06-21) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102008885A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-04-13 | 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 | 湿式氨法烟气脱硫产物干燥冷却输送联动工艺及其设备 |
CN102008885B (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-07-11 | 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 | 湿式氨法烟气脱硫产物干燥冷却输送联动工艺及其设备 |
FR3063912A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-21 | Dcns | Systeme de purification d'un fluide, generateur de vapeur et installation de production d'energie electrique |
CN106950010A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-14 | 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 | 一种真空规管防污染装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2753392A1 (fr) | 1998-03-20 |
EP0938362A1 (fr) | 1999-09-01 |
EP0938362B1 (fr) | 2002-08-28 |
DE69715026D1 (de) | 2002-10-02 |
FR2753392B1 (fr) | 1999-01-29 |
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