WO1998011559A1 - Method for determining the condition of a nuclear fuel assembly and device for implementing same - Google Patents

Method for determining the condition of a nuclear fuel assembly and device for implementing same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998011559A1
WO1998011559A1 PCT/FR1996/001943 FR9601943W WO9811559A1 WO 1998011559 A1 WO1998011559 A1 WO 1998011559A1 FR 9601943 W FR9601943 W FR 9601943W WO 9811559 A1 WO9811559 A1 WO 9811559A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mast
assembly
determining
main
sensors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1996/001943
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Leveugle
Original Assignee
Reel S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reel S.A. filed Critical Reel S.A.
Publication of WO1998011559A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998011559A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/06—Devices or arrangements for monitoring or testing fuel or fuel elements outside the reactor core, e.g. for burn-up, for contamination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method making it possible to determine the state, and in particular the data making it possible to characterize each assembly of nuclear fuels installed within the core of a nuclear reactor. It also relates to a method capable of determining the amplitude of the deformation of an assembly of irradiated nuclear fuels. Finally, it relates to a device capable of implementing this process.
  • the core of the reactor of nuclear power plants in particular of the pressurized water type (REP or PWR) consists of a number of fuel assemblies arranged side by side vertically, resting on a box spring or core plate .
  • These fuel assemblies are made up of a certain number of needles or rods constituted by the stack of sintered pellets of nuclear fuel proper, in particular of uranium or plutonium oxide, the rods being held within the same assembly by means of spacer grids distributed according to the height of the assemblies.
  • These assemblies include an upper head, allowing the assembly to be taken up and handled within the reactor, and a foot ensuring its positioning on the core plate, the latter being provided with orifices provided for this purpose.
  • Each of these assemblies is provided with an identification plate, mentioning in particular a number, said assemblies being placed at the level of a box spring whose locations are themselves references. In fact, it is necessary to know precisely the location of each of the assemblies within the bed base. To this end, it has been proposed to immerse a camera in the swimming pool in which the heart is embedded, said camera being capable of moving by means of a robot or equivalent, and transmitting the optical signals at the level of the console. ordered. However, taking into account the massive doses of radiation to which it is subjected, it results in ultra-rapid aging, in particular of on-board electronics, typically for a few hours. In addition, the systems implemented optics also suffer quickly from radiation, so that we witness their browning, affecting the transmission therefore the capture of optical signals.
  • the assemblies thus formed are new, they are presented in a straight line.
  • the assemblies after a certain period of irradiation, it is observed that the assemblies exhibit different types of deformation, such as in particular twists, deformations in an arc of a circle or "banana", buckling, these deformations tending to increase strongly with the duration or degree of irradiation, and causing increasing difficulties in the establishment of the assemblies in the heart or during their extraction out of it.
  • their reinsertion into other sites of the heart at the level of the heart plate can pose a problem, in particular due to interference in volume with the neighboring assemblies.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for easily identifying the assemblies within the heart. It also proposes a process capable of carrying out the necessary measurements as soon as the fuel assembly is extracted from its location in the core, and even before it is removed from it.
  • the method according to the invention consists in using a machine for loading the core of a nuclear reactor, comprising - a control carriage capable of moving in a horizontal plane;
  • This process consists in providing the main mast or the telescopic auxiliary mast with one or more sensors capable of transmitting and receiving signals to / from assemblies, the signals picked up in return being processed by a processing unit capable of allow the state of the fuel assemblies under consideration to be determined in real or almost real time.
  • the treatment unit is outside the swimming pool in which the heart is immersed.
  • the sensors measure the distance separating the external envelope from the assembly supported by the main mast relative to a fixed reference frame, by relative scrolling of the main mast relative to the auxiliary mast, and therefore of the assembly relative to the sensor (s), so as to know the profile of the assembly considered between the points of upper and lower ends taken as reference.
  • the sensor or sensors are positioned on the lower part of the auxiliary mast and the assembly is moved vertically by the main mast in front of this lower part of the auxiliary mast, positioned at the appropriate altitude so that the measurement is not affected by a possible deformation of the fuel assembly, which would be caused by the guide devices installed in the main mast.
  • the main mast therefore the assembly is fixed and the auxiliary mast scrolls vertically in front of the assembly: it is then the sensors which pass vertically in front of the assembly.
  • one of the sensors is constituted by a camera placed at the lower end of the fixed part of main telescopic mast, the other sensors then being made up of flat, concave or convex mirrors, positioned either at the lower end of the extreme telescopic part of the main mast, or at the lower end of the auxiliary mast.
  • the invention also relates to the device capable of implementing this method.
  • This device implements a loading machine, as described above, and more precisely described for example in document EP-A-0 696 806 of the Applicant.
  • Figure 1 is a general view of the loading machine comprising the device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the implementation of a first embodiment according to the invention, of which Figure 3 is a view from below.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the implementation of a second embodiment according to the invention, of which Figure 5 is a view from below.
  • the reference (1) designates the loading machine capable of moving on a track (2).
  • This machine has two rolling tracks (3) and (4) along which a carriage (5) carrying the lifting machine and the handling tool can move horizontally.
  • This tool consists essentially of a winch, not shown, and of a set of a fixed tube (7) and coaxial telescopic tubes (8) constituting the main mast.
  • the lower end of the main mast (7, 8) is equipped with gripping means and in particular a grapple (9), intended to come to cooperate with the upper head of the nuclear fuel assemblies (16), in order to allow their taking in charge and their handling.
  • This loading machine also comprises a second mast, said auxiliary mast (10), fixed parallel to the main mast (7, 8), in particular by means of rigid fasteners (1 1, 12).
  • This auxiliary mast comprises a control shaft, capable of moving inside said auxiliary mast, and connected at its upper end to the frame of the carriage by means of a jack, capable of ensuring this movement.
  • the auxiliary mast (10) can optionally be attached to a guide tool (15), intended to be used during the installation of nuclear fuel assemblies within the core plate.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to make it possible to know the amplitude of the deformation of the fuel assemblies, even within the reactor vessel.
  • a sensor (17) is positioned at the lower end of the auxiliary mast (10), and more particularly, on the 'guide tool (15).
  • the auxiliary mast is positioned at the appropriate altitude so that the measurement is not affected by any deformation of the fuel assembly, which would be caused by the guide devices installed in the main mast.
  • This position sensor is of the eddy current or laser type.
  • the target acts on the self-induction coefficient of the sensor, the latter being inserted in the circuit of a Wheatstone bridge
  • the auxiliary mast (10) is held in a fixed position and, the assembly (16) is moved vertically by the main mast (8) in front of the lower end of the auxiliary mast and therefore in front of the position sensor (17) , in the state suspended from the telescopic tube and the grapple of the loading machine.
  • the reference is the lifting stroke of the assembly (16) in front of the sensor (17).
  • the assembly is fixed and the auxiliary mast travels vertically in front of the fuel assembly whose amplitude of deformation is desired.
  • the sensor (s) (19) are arranged on the main mast (7) of the machine, and in particular on the fixed tube.
  • the sensor consists of a laser source emitting its collimated ray in the direction of the fuel assembly to be checked, by means of reflectors (18) positioned on the auxiliary mast, and more precisely on the guide tool. (15), these reflectors being typically made up of reflecting systems capable of orienting the beam on the assembly, then of receiving the reflected signal, and finally of returning this beam towards the sensor (s), in order to measure the distances or the variations distances searched
  • the reference beam (20) represents the measurement beam emanating from the sensors (17) or the reflectors (18).
  • the measurements delivered by the sensors are recorded and processed by software at the level of a processing unit (not shown), and for example located at the level of the control console, allowing on the one hand, to smooth the curves, in order to '' eliminate point disturbances, in particular inherent in the vibrations affecting the auxiliary mast or the main mast, and on the other hand, to determine the profile of the fuel assemblies between the high and low end points, taken as reference or, compared to a theoretical axis passing between said ends in order to determine the deflection deflection.
  • a processing unit not shown
  • Another object of the invention is to allow the identification of each of the assemblies put in place within the box spring of the heart.
  • the sensor (19) of FIG. 4 is replaced by a camera of a type known per se.
  • the camera is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end of the fixed tube (7) of the main mast.
  • the camera is almost systematically located above the swimming pool within which the reactor core is immersed, and therefore benefits from the protective effect of the thickness of water thus formed.
  • mirrors, planes, convex or concave are positioned at the lower end, either of the main mast or of the auxiliary mast (10), and for example on the guide tool (15). These mirrors are oriented so that the optical axis of the camera can be aligned on the upper end of the assemblies, at the level of which are generally centralized the information relating to said assemblies, and in particular, their identification number.
  • mirrors can also be positioned on the guide tool (15) associated with the auxiliary mast (10), in order to allow the examination of the environment thereof, and in particular, the positioning interface on the plate. of heart.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

This method uses a machine for loading the nuclear reactor core, comprising: a control carriage (5); a main telescoping mast (7, 8), fixed by its upper end to the carriage (5), and bearing at its lower end a grab (9) for grasping an assembly (16); an auxiliary telescoping mast (10) fixed to the carriage (5), and parallel to the main mast (7, 8). The method consists in equipping the main mast (7, 8) or the auxiliary telescoping mast (10) with one or several sensors (17, 19), capable of picking up the signals moving towards/from the assemblies (16), the return signals which are picked up being processed by a processing unit capable of determining in real or quasi-real time the condition of the fuel assemblies being investigated.

Description

PROCEDE POUR DETERMINER L'ETAT D'UN ASSEMBLAGE DE COMBUSTIBLES NUCLEAIRES ET DISPOSITIF METTANT EN OEUVRE- CE PROCEDE.METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE CONDITION OF AN ASSEMBLY OF NUCLEAR FUELS AND DEVICE USING THE SAME.
L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de déterminer l'état, et notamment les données permettant de caractériser chaque assemblage de combustibles nucléaires mis en place au sein du cœur d'un réacteur nucléaire. Elle concerne également un procédé susceptible de déterminer l'amplitude de la déformation d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires irradiés. Elle vise enfin un dispositif susceptible de mettre en oeuvre ce procédé.The invention relates to a method making it possible to determine the state, and in particular the data making it possible to characterize each assembly of nuclear fuels installed within the core of a nuclear reactor. It also relates to a method capable of determining the amplitude of the deformation of an assembly of irradiated nuclear fuels. Finally, it relates to a device capable of implementing this process.
De manière connue, le coeur du réacteur de centrales nucléaires, notamment du type à eau sous pression (REP ou PWR) est constitué d'un certain nombre d'assemblages de combustibles disposés côte à côte verticalement, reposant sur un sommier ou plaque de coeur.In a known manner, the core of the reactor of nuclear power plants, in particular of the pressurized water type (REP or PWR) consists of a number of fuel assemblies arranged side by side vertically, resting on a box spring or core plate .
Ces assemblages de combustibles sont constitués d'un certain nombre d'aiguilles ou de crayons constitués par l'empilement de pastilles frittées de combustible nucléaire proprement dit, notamment d'oxyde d'uranium ou de plutonium, les crayons étant maintenus au sein d'un même assemblage au moyen de grilles-entretoises réparties suivant la hauteur des assemblages.These fuel assemblies are made up of a certain number of needles or rods constituted by the stack of sintered pellets of nuclear fuel proper, in particular of uranium or plutonium oxide, the rods being held within the same assembly by means of spacer grids distributed according to the height of the assemblies.
Ces assemblages comprennent une tête supérieure, permettant la prise et ia manutention de l'assemblage au sein du réacteur, et un pied assurant son positionnement sur la plaque de coeur, cette dernière étant pourvue d'orifices prévus à cet effet.These assemblies include an upper head, allowing the assembly to be taken up and handled within the reactor, and a foot ensuring its positioning on the core plate, the latter being provided with orifices provided for this purpose.
Chacun des ces assemblages est pourvu d'une plaque d'identification, mentionnant notamment un numéro, lesdits assemblages étant mis en place au niveau d'un sommier dont les emplacements sont eux-mêmes références. De fait, il est nécessaire de connaître avec précision l'emplacement de chacun des assemblages au sein du sommier. A cet effet, on a proposé d'immerger une caméra au sein de la piscine dans laquelle est noyé le cœur, ladite caméra étant susceptible de se déplacer au moyen d'un robot ou équivalent, et transmettre les signaux optiques au niveau du pupitre de commande. Cependant, compte tenu des doses massives de radiations auxquelles elle est soumise, on aboutit à un vieillissement ultra-rapide, notamment de l'électronique embarquée, typiquement quelques heures. De plus, les systèmes optiques mis en œuvre souffrent également rapidement des radiations, de sorte qu'on assiste à leur brunissement, affectant la transmission donc la capture des signaux optiques.Each of these assemblies is provided with an identification plate, mentioning in particular a number, said assemblies being placed at the level of a box spring whose locations are themselves references. In fact, it is necessary to know precisely the location of each of the assemblies within the bed base. To this end, it has been proposed to immerse a camera in the swimming pool in which the heart is embedded, said camera being capable of moving by means of a robot or equivalent, and transmitting the optical signals at the level of the console. ordered. However, taking into account the massive doses of radiation to which it is subjected, it results in ultra-rapid aging, in particular of on-board electronics, typically for a few hours. In addition, the systems implemented optics also suffer quickly from radiation, so that we witness their browning, affecting the transmission therefore the capture of optical signals.
Par ailleurs, lorsque les assemblages ainsi constitués sont neufs, ils se présentent de façon rectiligne. En revanche, après une certaine période d'irradiation, on observe que les assemblages présentent différents types de déformation, telles que notamment des vrillages, des déformations en arc de cercle ou «banane», des flambages, ces déformations tendant à augmenter fortement avec la durée ou le degré d'irradiation, et provoquant des difficultés croissantes dans la mise en place des assemblages dans le coeur ou lors de leur extraction hors de celui-ci. Compte-tenu des déformations ainsi engendrées au niveau des différents assemblages après un ou plusieurs cycles d'exploitation, leur réinsertion en d'autres sites du coeur au niveau de la plaque de coeur peut poser problème, notamment du fait des interférences en volume avec les assemblages voisins.Furthermore, when the assemblies thus formed are new, they are presented in a straight line. On the other hand, after a certain period of irradiation, it is observed that the assemblies exhibit different types of deformation, such as in particular twists, deformations in an arc of a circle or "banana", buckling, these deformations tending to increase strongly with the duration or degree of irradiation, and causing increasing difficulties in the establishment of the assemblies in the heart or during their extraction out of it. Given the deformations thus generated at the level of the various assemblies after one or more operating cycles, their reinsertion into other sites of the heart at the level of the heart plate can pose a problem, in particular due to interference in volume with the neighboring assemblies.
Les exploitants des centrales nucléaires sont donc soucieux de connaître le plus précisément et le plus rapidement possibles l'amplitude et le profil des déformations des assemblages ainsi engendrées, dès leur extraction du coeur.The operators of nuclear power plants are therefore anxious to know as precisely and as quickly as possible the amplitude and profile of the deformations of the assemblies thus generated, as soon as they are extracted from the core.
A ce jour, des méthodes longues et complexes sont mises en oeuvre, qui consistent notamment à transférer les assemblages au bâtiment combustible, mis en place sur un poste de contrôle, au niveau duquel on procède à un contrôle, et un stockage en piscine dans le bâtiment combustible.To date, long and complex methods have been implemented, which notably consist in transferring the assemblies to the combustible building, set up on a control station, at the level of which a control is carried out, and storage in a swimming pool in the combustible building.
Cette procédure est longue et ne permet pas de disposer de résultats rapides, entraînant de fait une augmentation importante des coûts y relatifs.This procedure is long and does not allow rapid results, thereby resulting in a significant increase in related costs.
L'objet de l'invention est de proposer un procédé permettant d'identifier facilement les assemblages au sein du cœur. Elle propose également un procédé susceptible d'effectuer les mesures nécessaires dès l'extraction de l'assemblage combustible de son emplacement dans le coeur, et avant même son évacuation hors de celui-ci.The object of the invention is to provide a method for easily identifying the assemblies within the heart. It also proposes a process capable of carrying out the necessary measurements as soon as the fuel assembly is extracted from its location in the core, and even before it is removed from it.
Pour ce faire, le procédé conforme à l'invention consiste à mettre en oeuvre une machine de chargement du coeur d'un réacteur nucléaire, comprenant - un chariot de commande susceptible de se déplacer selon un plan horizontal ;To do this, the method according to the invention consists in using a machine for loading the core of a nuclear reactor, comprising - a control carriage capable of moving in a horizontal plane;
- un mât principal téléscopique, fixé à son extrémité supérieure au chariot, et portant à son extrémité inférieure un grappin permettant la prise d'un assemblage à positionner ou à extraire ;- a main telescopic mast, fixed at its upper end to the carriage, and carrying at its lower end a grapple allowing the taking of an assembly to be positioned or extracted;
- un mât auxiliaire téléscopique fixé au chariot, et parallèle au mât principal.- an auxiliary telescopic mast fixed to the carriage, and parallel to the main mast.
Ce procédé consiste à munir le mât principal ou le mât auxiliaire téléscopique d'un ou plusieurs capteurs, susceptibles d'émettre et de capter des signaux en direction/en provenance des assemblages, les signaux captés en retour étant traités par une unité de traitement susceptible de permettre de déterminer en temps réel ou quasi-réel l'état des assemblages combustibles considérés.This process consists in providing the main mast or the telescopic auxiliary mast with one or more sensors capable of transmitting and receiving signals to / from assemblies, the signals picked up in return being processed by a processing unit capable of allow the state of the fuel assemblies under consideration to be determined in real or almost real time.
Avantageusement l'unité de traitement est extérieure à la piscine au sein de laquelle est immergé le cœur.Advantageously, the treatment unit is outside the swimming pool in which the heart is immersed.
Selon une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, dans laquelle on cherche à déterminer l'état de déformation des assemblages irradiés, les capteurs mesurent la distance séparant l'enveloppe externe de l'assemblage pris en charge par le mât principal par rapport à un référentiel fixe, par défilement relatif du mât principal par rapport au mât auxiliaire, et donc de l'assemblage par rapport au(x) capteur(s), de telle sorte à connaître le profil de l'assemblage considéré entre les points d'extrémités haute et basse prises comme référence.According to a first embodiment of the invention, in which it is sought to determine the state of deformation of the irradiated assemblies, the sensors measure the distance separating the external envelope from the assembly supported by the main mast relative to a fixed reference frame, by relative scrolling of the main mast relative to the auxiliary mast, and therefore of the assembly relative to the sensor (s), so as to know the profile of the assembly considered between the points of upper and lower ends taken as reference.
Dans une première variante, le ou les capteurs sont positionnés sur la partie basse du mât auxiliaire et l'assemblage est déplacé verticalement par le mât principal devant cette partie basse du mât auxiliaire, positionné à l'altitude convenable pour que la mesure ne soit pas affectée par une déformation éventuelle de l'assemblage combustible, qui serait provoquée par les dispositifs de guidage installés dans le mât principal.In a first variant, the sensor or sensors are positioned on the lower part of the auxiliary mast and the assembly is moved vertically by the main mast in front of this lower part of the auxiliary mast, positioned at the appropriate altitude so that the measurement is not affected by a possible deformation of the fuel assembly, which would be caused by the guide devices installed in the main mast.
Selon une autre variante, le mât principal, donc l'assemblage est fixe et le mât auxiliaire défile verticalement devant l'assemblage : ce sont alors les capteurs qui défilent verticalement devant l'assemblage.According to another variant, the main mast, therefore the assembly is fixed and the auxiliary mast scrolls vertically in front of the assembly: it is then the sensors which pass vertically in front of the assembly.
Selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, dans laquelle on cherche à identifier un assemblage en place au sein du cœur de réacteur, l'un des capteurs est constituée par une caméra mise en place à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie fixe du mât téléscopique principal, les autres capteurs étant alors constitués de miroirs plans, concaves ou convexes, positionnés soit à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie téléscopique extrême du mât principal, soit à l'extrémité inférieure du mât auxiliaire.According to another embodiment of the invention, in which it is sought to identify an assembly in place within the reactor core, one of the sensors is constituted by a camera placed at the lower end of the fixed part of main telescopic mast, the other sensors then being made up of flat, concave or convex mirrors, positioned either at the lower end of the extreme telescopic part of the main mast, or at the lower end of the auxiliary mast.
L'invention concerne également le dispositif susceptible de mettre en oeuvre ce procédé.The invention also relates to the device capable of implementing this method.
Ce dispositif met en oeuvre une machine de chargement, telle que décrite précédemment, et plus précisément décrite par exemple dans le document EP-A-0 696 806 du Demandeur.This device implements a loading machine, as described above, and more precisely described for example in document EP-A-0 696 806 of the Applicant.
La manière dont l'invention peut être réalisée et les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront mieux de l'exemple de réalisation qui suit donné à titre indicatif et non limitatif à l'appui des figures annexées.The manner in which the invention can be implemented and the advantages which ensue therefrom will emerge more clearly from the example of embodiment which follows, given by way of indication and without limitation in support of the appended figures.
La figure 1 est une vue générale de la machine de chargement comportant le dispositif conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 is a general view of the loading machine comprising the device according to the invention.
La figure 2 est une représentation schématique de la mise en oeuvre d'une première forme de réalisation conforme à l'invention, dont la figure 3 est une vue du dessous.Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the implementation of a first embodiment according to the invention, of which Figure 3 is a view from below.
La figure 4 est une représentation schématique de la mise en oeuvre d'une seconde forme de réalisation conforme à l'invention, dont la figure 5 est une vue du dessous.Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the implementation of a second embodiment according to the invention, of which Figure 5 is a view from below.
Par référence à la figure 1, la référence (1) désigne la machine de chargement susceptible de se déplacer sur une voie de roulement (2). Cette machine présente deux voies de roulement (3) et (4) le long desquelles est susceptible de se déplacer horizontalement un chariot (5) portant l'engin de levage et l'outil de manutention.With reference to FIG. 1, the reference (1) designates the loading machine capable of moving on a track (2). This machine has two rolling tracks (3) and (4) along which a carriage (5) carrying the lifting machine and the handling tool can move horizontally.
Cet outil est formé essentiellement d'un treuil non représenté et d'un ensemble d'un tube fixe (7) et de tubes télescopiques coaxiaux (8) constituant le mât principal. L'extrémité inférieure du mât principal (7, 8) est équipée de moyens de préhension et notamment d'un grappin (9), destiné à venir coopérer avec la tête supérieure des assemblages de combustibles nucléaires (16), afin de permettre leur prise en charge et leur manutention. Cette machine de chargement comporte également un deuxième mât, dit mât auxiliaire (10), fixé parallèlement au mât principal (7, 8), notamment au moyen d'attaches rigides (1 1, 12). Ce mât auxiliaire comprend un arbre de commande, susceptible de se mouvoir à l'intérieur dudit mât auxiliaire, et relié à son extrémité supérieure au bâti du chariot par le biais d'un vérin, susceptible d'assurer ce mouvement.This tool consists essentially of a winch, not shown, and of a set of a fixed tube (7) and coaxial telescopic tubes (8) constituting the main mast. The lower end of the main mast (7, 8) is equipped with gripping means and in particular a grapple (9), intended to come to cooperate with the upper head of the nuclear fuel assemblies (16), in order to allow their taking in charge and their handling. This loading machine also comprises a second mast, said auxiliary mast (10), fixed parallel to the main mast (7, 8), in particular by means of rigid fasteners (1 1, 12). This auxiliary mast comprises a control shaft, capable of moving inside said auxiliary mast, and connected at its upper end to the frame of the carriage by means of a jack, capable of ensuring this movement.
A son autre extrémité, le mât auxiliaire (10) peut éventuellement être rattaché à un outil de guidage (15), destiné à être utilisé lors de la mise en place des assemblages de combustibles nucléaires au sein de la plaque de coeur.At its other end, the auxiliary mast (10) can optionally be attached to a guide tool (15), intended to be used during the installation of nuclear fuel assemblies within the core plate.
L'un des objets de l'invention est de permettre de connaître l'amplitude de la déformation des assemblages de combustibles, au sein même de la cuve du réacteur. A cet effet, et dans une première forme de réalisation de l'invention décrite en liaison avec les figures 2 et 3, on positionne un capteur (17) à l'extrémité inférieure du mât auxiliaire (10), et plus particulièrement, sur l'outil de guidage (15). A cet égard, le mât auxiliaire est positionné à l'altitude convenable pour que la mesure ne soit pas affectée par une déformation éventuelle de l'assemblage combustible, qui serait provoquée par les dispositifs de guidage installés dans le mât principal.One of the objects of the invention is to make it possible to know the amplitude of the deformation of the fuel assemblies, even within the reactor vessel. To this end, and in a first embodiment of the invention described in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3, a sensor (17) is positioned at the lower end of the auxiliary mast (10), and more particularly, on the 'guide tool (15). In this regard, the auxiliary mast is positioned at the appropriate altitude so that the measurement is not affected by any deformation of the fuel assembly, which would be caused by the guide devices installed in the main mast.
Ce capteur de position est du type à courants de Foucault ou à Laser. Dans le cas de capteur à courants de Foucault, la cible agit sur le coefficient d'auto-induction du capteur, celui-ci étant inséré dans le circuit d'un pont de WheatstoneThis position sensor is of the eddy current or laser type. In the case of an eddy current sensor, the target acts on the self-induction coefficient of the sensor, the latter being inserted in the circuit of a Wheatstone bridge
De fait, le mât auxiliaire (10) est maintenu en position fixe et, l'assemblage (16) est déplacé verticalement par le mât principal (8) devant l'extrémité inférieure du mât auxiliaire et donc devant le capteur de position (17), à l'état suspendu au tube téléscopique et du grappin de la machine de chargement.In fact, the auxiliary mast (10) is held in a fixed position and, the assembly (16) is moved vertically by the main mast (8) in front of the lower end of the auxiliary mast and therefore in front of the position sensor (17) , in the state suspended from the telescopic tube and the grapple of the loading machine.
On a représenté par la référence la course de levage de l'assemblage (16) devant le capteur (17).The reference is the lifting stroke of the assembly (16) in front of the sensor (17).
Dans une variante, l'assemblage est fixe et le mât auxiliaire défile verticalement devant l'assemblage de combustibles dont on souhaite connaître l'amplitude de déformation. Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, représentée en liaison avec les figures 4 et 5, le ou les capteurs ( 19) sont disposés sur le mât principal (7) de la machine, et notamment sur le tube fixe. Le capteur est dans ce cas constitué d'une source laser émettant son rayon collimaté en direction de l'assemblage combustible à contrôler, par l'intermédiaire de réflecteurs (18) positionnés sur le mât auxiliaire, et plus précisément sur l'outil de guidage (15), ces réflecteurs étant typiquement constitués de systèmes réfléchissant aptes à orienter le faisceau sur l'assemblage, puis à réceptionner le signal réfléchi, et enfin à renvoyer ce faisceau en direction du ou des capteurs, afin de mesurer les distances ou les variations de distances recherchéesIn a variant, the assembly is fixed and the auxiliary mast travels vertically in front of the fuel assembly whose amplitude of deformation is desired. In another embodiment of the invention, shown in connection with Figures 4 and 5, the sensor (s) (19) are arranged on the main mast (7) of the machine, and in particular on the fixed tube. In this case, the sensor consists of a laser source emitting its collimated ray in the direction of the fuel assembly to be checked, by means of reflectors (18) positioned on the auxiliary mast, and more precisely on the guide tool. (15), these reflectors being typically made up of reflecting systems capable of orienting the beam on the assembly, then of receiving the reflected signal, and finally of returning this beam towards the sensor (s), in order to measure the distances or the variations distances searched
On a représenté par la référence (20) le faisceau de mesure émanant des capteurs (17) ou des réflecteurs (18).The reference beam (20) represents the measurement beam emanating from the sensors (17) or the reflectors (18).
De la sorte, il devient ainsi possible d'aboutir à la connaissance de l'amplitude de déformation des assemblages alors que ceux-ci sont encore dans la piscine au- dessus de la cuve du réacteur et alors que l'assemblage n'est pas engagé dans les coulisses de guidage incorporées dans le mât principal.In this way, it thus becomes possible to arrive at the knowledge of the amplitude of deformation of the assemblies while these are still in the pool above the reactor vessel and while the assembly is not engaged in the guide rails incorporated in the main mast.
Les mesures délivrées par les capteurs sont enregistrées et traitées par un logiciel au niveau d'une unité de traitement (non représentée), et par exemple située au niveau du pupitre de commande, permettant d'une part, de lisser les courbes, afin d'éliminer les perturbations ponctuelles, notamment inhérentes aux vibrations affectant le mât auxiliaire ou le mât principal, et d'autre part, de déterminer le profil des assemblages combustibles entre les points d'extrémité haute et basse, pris comme référence ou, par rapport à un axe théorique passant entre lesdites extrémités afin de déterminer la flèche de déformation.The measurements delivered by the sensors are recorded and processed by software at the level of a processing unit (not shown), and for example located at the level of the control console, allowing on the one hand, to smooth the curves, in order to '' eliminate point disturbances, in particular inherent in the vibrations affecting the auxiliary mast or the main mast, and on the other hand, to determine the profile of the fuel assemblies between the high and low end points, taken as reference or, compared to a theoretical axis passing between said ends in order to determine the deflection deflection.
Un autre objet de l'invention est de permettre l'identification de chacun des assemblages mis en place au sein du sommier du cœur. A cet effet, on remplace le capteur (19) de la figure 4 par une caméra d'un type en soi connu. En d'autres termes, la caméra est positionnée au voisinage de l'extrémité inférieure du tube fixe (7) du mât principal. Par ce biais, la caméra est presque systématiquement située au dessus de la piscine au sein de laquelle est immergé le cœur du réacteur, et bénéficie donc de l'effet protecteur de l'épaisseur d'eau ainsi constituée. Par ailleurs, des miroirs, plans, convexes ou concaves sont positionnés à l'extrémité inférieure, soit du mât principal, soit du mât auxiliaire (10), et par exemple sur l'outil de guidage (15). Ces miroirs sont orientés de telle sorte que l'axe optique de la caméra puisse être aligné sur l'extrémité supérieure des assemblages, au niveau de laquelle sont généralement centralisées les informations relatives auxdits assemblages, et notamment, leur numéro d'identification.Another object of the invention is to allow the identification of each of the assemblies put in place within the box spring of the heart. To this end, the sensor (19) of FIG. 4 is replaced by a camera of a type known per se. In other words, the camera is positioned in the vicinity of the lower end of the fixed tube (7) of the main mast. In this way, the camera is almost systematically located above the swimming pool within which the reactor core is immersed, and therefore benefits from the protective effect of the thickness of water thus formed. Furthermore, mirrors, planes, convex or concave are positioned at the lower end, either of the main mast or of the auxiliary mast (10), and for example on the guide tool (15). These mirrors are oriented so that the optical axis of the camera can be aligned on the upper end of the assemblies, at the level of which are generally centralized the information relating to said assemblies, and in particular, their identification number.
Ces miroirs peuvent également être positionnés sur l'outil de guidage (15) associé au mât auxiliaire (10), afin de permettre l'examen de l'environnement de celui-ci, et en particulier, l'interface de positionnement sur la plaque de cœur.These mirrors can also be positioned on the guide tool (15) associated with the auxiliary mast (10), in order to allow the examination of the environment thereof, and in particular, the positioning interface on the plate. of heart.
On conçoit tout l'intérêt d'un tel dispositif, qui permet de connaître très rapidement la répartition des assemblages au sein d'un cœur de réacteur, sans nécessiter le remplacement fréquent des organes nécessaires à l'identification desdits assemblages. It is easy to understand the advantage of such a device, which makes it possible to know very quickly the distribution of the assemblies within a reactor core, without requiring the frequent replacement of the members necessary for the identification of said assemblies.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Procédé pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires, c a r a c t é r i s é :1 / Method for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels, c a r a c t e r i ed:
- en ce qu'il met en oeuvre une machine de chargement du coeur d'un réacteur nucléaire, comprenant :- in that it implements a machine for loading the core of a nuclear reactor, comprising:
. un chariot de commande (5) susceptible de se déplacer selon un plan horizontal ; • un mât principal téléscopique (7, 8), fixé à son extrémité supérieure au chariot (5), et portant à son extrémité inférieure un grappin (9) permettant la prise d'un assemblage (16) à positionner ou à extraire ; . un mât auxiliaire téléscopique (10) fixé au chariot (5), et parallèle au mât principal (7, 8),. a control carriage (5) capable of moving in a horizontal plane; • a main telescopic mast (7, 8), fixed at its upper end to the carriage (5), and carrying at its lower end a grapple (9) allowing the taking of an assembly (16) to be positioned or extracted; . an auxiliary telescopic mast (10) fixed to the carriage (5), and parallel to the main mast (7, 8),
- et en ce qu'il consiste à munir le mât principal (7, 8) ou le mât auxiliaire téléscopique (10) d'un ou plusieurs capteurs (17, 18, 19), susceptibles d'émettre et de capter des signaux en direction/en provenance des assemblages (16), les signaux captés en retour étant traités par une unité de traitement susceptible de permettre de déterminer en temps réel ou quasi- réel l'état des assemblages combustibles considérés.- And in that it consists in providing the main mast (7, 8) or the telescopic auxiliary mast (10) with one or more sensors (17, 18, 19), capable of transmitting and receiving signals by direction / from assemblies (16), the signals received in return being processed by a processing unit capable of making it possible to determine in real or almost real time the state of the fuel assemblies considered.
2/ Procédé pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires, selon la revendication 1, consistant à déterminer l'amplitude de déformation dudit assemblage après irradiation, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que les capteurs sont des capteurs de mesure de la distance séparant l'enveloppe externe de l'assemblage (16) pris en charge par le mât principal (7. 8) par rapport à un reférentiel fixe, par défilement relatif du mât principal par rapport au mât auxiliaire (10), et donc de l'assemblage par rapport au(x) capteur(s), de telle sorte à connaître le profil de l'assemblage considéré entre les points d'extrémités haute et basse prises comme référence.2 / A method for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels, according to claim 1, comprising determining the amplitude of deformation of said assembly after irradiation, characterized in that the sensors are sensors for measuring the distance separating the external envelope of the assembly (16) supported by the main mast (7. 8) relative to a fixed frame of reference, by relative movement of the main mast relative to the auxiliary mast (10), and therefore of the assembly with respect to the sensor (s), so as to know the profile of the assembly considered between the high and low end points taken as a reference.
3/ Procédé pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon la revendication 2, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que le ou les capteurs (17) sont positionnés sur la partie basse du mât auxiliaire (10) ou sur l'outil de guidage (15) solidaire de ce dernier et en ce que l'assemblage de combustible (16) est déplacé verticalement par le mât principal (7, 8) devant cette partie basse du mât auxiliaire. 4/ Procédé pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon la revendication 2, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que le mât principal (7, 8), donc l'assemblage est maintenu fixe, et en ce que le mât auxiliaire (10) défile verticalement devant l'assemblage.3 / A method for determining the state of a nuclear fuel assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensor (s) (17) are positioned on the lower part of the auxiliary mast (10) or on the guide tool (15) integral with the latter and in that the fuel assembly (16) is moved vertically by the main mast (7, 8) in front of this lower part of the auxiliary mast. 4 / A method for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels according to claim 2, characterized in that the main mast (7, 8), therefore the assembly is kept fixed, and in that the mast auxiliary (10) scrolls vertically in front of the assembly.
5/ Procédé pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon la revendication 2, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que le ou les capteurs (19) sont positionnés sur le mât principal (7, 8), et en ce que le mât auxiliaire (10) ou l'outil de guidage (15) solidarisé à ce dernier, comporte un ou plusieurs organes de relais (18), susceptibles de transférer les signaux du ou des capteurs (19) à l'extrémité inférieure dudit mât auxiliaire (10), puis en direction de l'assemblage agrippé par le mât principal.5 / A method for determining the state of a nuclear fuel assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensor (s) (19) are positioned on the main mast (7, 8), and in that the auxiliary mast (10) or the guide tool (15) secured to the latter, comprises one or more relay members (18), capable of transferring the signals from the sensor (s) (19) at the lower end of said mast auxiliary (10), then in the direction of the assembly gripped by the main mast.
6/ Procédé pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon la revendication 1 , consistant à identifier un assemblage en place au sein du cœur de réacteur, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que l'un (19) des capteurs est constituée par une caméra mise en place à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie fixe du mât téléscopique principal, les autres capteurs étant alors constitués de miroirs plans, concaves ou convexes, positionnés soit à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie téléscopique extrême du mât principal (7. 8), soit à l'extrémité inférieure du mât auxiliaire (10) ou sur l'outil de guidage (15) qui lui est associé, l'axe optique de la caméra étant alors aligné avec l'extrémité supérieure dudit assemblage par l'intermédiaire desdits miroirs.6 / A method for determining the state of a nuclear fuel assembly according to claim 1, consisting in identifying an assembly in place within the reactor core, characterized in that one (19) of the sensors is constituted by a camera placed at the lower end of the fixed part of the main telescopic mast, the other sensors then being made up of plane, concave or convex mirrors, positioned either at the lower end of the extreme telescopic part of the main mast (7. 8), either at the lower end of the auxiliary mast (10) or on the guide tool (15) associated therewith, the optical axis of the camera then being aligned with the upper end of said assembly through said mirrors.
Il Dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires, c a r a c t é r i é en ce qu'il comprend :Device for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels, c r a c t e r i e in that it comprises:
- une machine de chargement (1), comprenant elle-même :- a loading machine (1), itself comprising:
• un chariot de commande (5) susceptible de se déplacer selon un plan horizontal ;• a control carriage (5) capable of moving in a horizontal plane;
• un mât principal téléscopique (7, 8), fixé à son extrémité supérieure au chariot (5), et portant à son extrémité inférieure un grappin (9) permettant la prise d'un assemblage (16) à positionner ou à extraire ;• a main telescopic mast (7, 8), fixed at its upper end to the carriage (5), and carrying at its lower end a grapple (9) allowing the taking of an assembly (16) to be positioned or extracted;
• un mât auxiliaire téléscopique ( 10) fixé au chariot (5), et parallèle au mât principal (7, 8),An auxiliary telescopic mast (10) fixed to the carriage (5), and parallel to the main mast (7, 8),
- un ou plusieurs capteurs (17, 19) mis en place au niveau du mât principal (7, 8) ou du mât auxiliaire (10). 8/ Dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires, et notamment sa déformation après irradiation selon la revendication 7 , c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que les capteurs sont des capteurs de mesure de distance.- one or more sensors (17, 19) placed at the level of the main mast (7, 8) or the auxiliary mast (10). 8 / A device for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels, and in particular its deformation after irradiation according to claim 7, characterized in that the sensors are distance measuring sensors.
9/ Dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon la revendication orl, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que les capteurs de mesure (17, 19) sont du type à courant de Foucault ou à laser.9 / Device for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels according to claim orl, c a r c t é r i s in that the measurement sensors (17, 19) are of the eddy current or laser type.
10/ Dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon l'une des revendications 8 et 9, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce que les capteurs (19) sont associés à un ou plusieurs relais (18), destinés à transférer les signaux au niveau du lieu déterminé de mesure.10 / Device for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the sensors (19) are associated with one or more relays (18), intended for transfer the signals to the determined measurement location.
11/ Dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, c a r a c t é r i s é en ce qu'il comprend en outre une unité de traitement, au niveau de laquelle les signaux des capteurs de mesure sont transférés, destinée à lisser les courbes correspondantes, et à déterminer le profil des assemblages analysés, notamment entre les extrémités haute et basse desdits assemblages.11 / Device for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it further comprises a processing unit, at which the signals from the sensors measurement are transferred, intended to smooth the corresponding curves, and to determine the profile of the analyzed assemblies, in particular between the upper and lower ends of said assemblies.
12/ Dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un assemblage de combustibles nucléaires, et notamment son identification, selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'un (19) des capteurs est constituée par une caméra mise en place à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie fixe (7) du mât téléscopique principal, les autres capteurs étant alors constitués de miroirs plans, concaves ou convexes, positionnés soit à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie téléscopique extrême du mât principal (7. 8), soit à l'extrémité inférieure du mât auxiliaire (10) ou sur l'outil de guidage (15) qui lui est associé, l'axe optique de la caméra étant alors aligné avec l'extrémité supérieure dudit assemblage par l'intermédiaire desdits miroirs, les images ainsi captées étant centralisées au niveau de l'unité de traitement. 12 / Device for determining the state of an assembly of nuclear fuels, and in particular its identification, according to claim 7, characterized in that one (19) of the sensors consists of a camera placed at the end bottom of the fixed part (7) of the main telescopic mast, the other sensors then being made up of flat, concave or convex mirrors, positioned either at the lower end of the extreme telescopic part of the main mast (7. 8), or at the lower end of the auxiliary mast (10) or on the guide tool (15) associated therewith, the optical axis of the camera then being aligned with the upper end of said assembly by means of said mirrors, the images thus captured being centralized at the level of the processing unit.
PCT/FR1996/001943 1996-09-10 1996-12-05 Method for determining the condition of a nuclear fuel assembly and device for implementing same WO1998011559A1 (en)

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FR9611235A FR2753266B1 (en) 1996-09-10 1996-09-10 METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE AMPLITUDE OF DEFORMATIONS OF IRRADIATED NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLIES AND DEVICE CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD

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CZ308431B6 (en) * 2016-12-01 2020-08-19 Ĺ KODA JS a.s. Method of inspecting nuclear fuel assemblies and the equipment for this.

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2132871A1 (en) * 1971-04-13 1972-11-24 Transfer Systems
JPS59137807A (en) * 1983-01-27 1984-08-08 Nuclear Fuel Ind Ltd Method and apparatus for measuring gap between fuel rod
US5369676A (en) * 1993-08-19 1994-11-29 General Electric Company Reactor refueling mechanism

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FR2132871A1 (en) * 1971-04-13 1972-11-24 Transfer Systems
JPS59137807A (en) * 1983-01-27 1984-08-08 Nuclear Fuel Ind Ltd Method and apparatus for measuring gap between fuel rod
US5369676A (en) * 1993-08-19 1994-11-29 General Electric Company Reactor refueling mechanism

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