Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
  • D06M16/003—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic with enzymes or microorganisms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3719—Polyamides or polyimides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/15—Proteins or derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a detergent composition and to a process for adding Benefit Agents during the wash, in particular the invention relates to detergent compositions containing a new form of deposition system based on agents with a high affinity for a fabric.
• the present application has derived a way of overcoming this problem of depositing Benefit Agents onto fabrics, and ensuring that they remain on the fabric during wear.
• the present application relates to a composition comprising a peptide or protein Deposition Aid having a high affinity for fibres or a surface and a Benefit Agent attached/adsorbed to the peptide or protein Deposition Aid.
• the present application also relates to a method of treating a fibre or surface with a Benefit Agent comprising the steps of:
• the present application further relates to the use of a peptide/protein to deposit a Benefit Agent onto a fibre, wherein the Benefit Agent is attached/adsorbed to the peptide/ protein and the peptide/protein has an affinity for said fibre.
• the application also relates to a process for attaching a Benefit Agent to a peptide/protein Deposition Aid.
• the process comprises the steps of:
• Steps i) and ii) may be reversed.
• the present application further relates to a Benefit Agent peptide/protein deposition aid produced by the above process. Detailed Description
• the peptide/protein Deposition Aid is any material that has a high affinity for fibres or a surface.
• the peptide/protem Deposition Aid is an enzyme.
• Preferred enzymes are cellulases, lipases, proteases, or cutinases or kerat ases. Cellulases are especially preferred.
• a second preferred embodiment is that the peptide/protein Deposition Aid is the binding domain of the above enzymes. It may also be advantageous f the peptide/protem Deposition Aid is a peptide/protem which although not an enzyme has a similar or identical structure to that of a binding site of an enzyme, and thus has a similar function. In the context of this invention a similar structure is defined as a sequence of ammo acids which conserve the binding affinity of the binding site In this context t is preferred that the binding site which the peptide/protein represents is the binding site of the enzymes cellulase, lipase, cutmase, kerat ase or protease. It is especially preferred if the binding site is that of cellulase, in particular the cellulose binding domain (C.B.D.).
• a Benefit Agent is described in the context of this invention as any compound which gives a desirable effect on a fibre, fabric or surface. It is especially preferred if the benefit agent gives a perceivable benefit to the fabric.
• a Benefit Agent can be defined as any agent which effects the feel, appearance, or the perception of a fabric. It is particularly preferred if the Benefit Agent is a fabric softening agent, a perfume, a polymeric lubricant, a photo protective agent (such as a sunscreen), a latex, a resin, a dye fixative agent, an encapsulated material, an antioxidant, an insecticide, a soil repelling agent, a soil release agent
• Benefit Agent is a fabric softening agent it preferably comprises a clay, a cationic active, or silicone.
• Suitable clays include a three layered smectite clay, preferably having a cation exchange capacity as described in GB1400898 (Procter and Gamble). Especially preferred are clays which are 2:1 layer phyllosilicates possessing a lattice charge deficiency in the range of 0.2 to 0.4g equivalents per half unit cell as described m EP 0 350 288 (Unilever)
• Suitable cationic softening agents include quaternary ammonium softening compounds having a solubility in water at pH 2.5 and 20°C of less than lOg/1.
• the cationic softening compound is a quaternary ammonium compound in which at least one long chain alkyl group is connected to the quaternary ammonium group via at least one ester link.
• Suitable cationic softeners are described m US 4 137 180 (Naik) and WO 93/23510 (P&G) .
• the Benefit Agent is a polymeric lubricant it may be any polymeric lubricant suitable for softening a fabric. Suitable lubricants include silicones in particular those disclosed in GB 1549 180 (P&G) , EP 459 821 (Unilever) and EP 459 822 (Unilever) .
• the Benefit Agent may be a soil release polymer
• suitable soil release polymers include polyesters of terephthalic acid and other aromatic dicarboxylic acids.
• Soil release polymers that may be used with the present invention which are the condensation products of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and d hydric alcohols include EP 185 427A, EP 241 984A, EP 241 985A and EP 272 033A (Procter & Gamble).
• Particularly preferred are the so called PET/POET (polyethylene terephthalate/polyoxyethylene terephthalate) and PET/ PEG
• Polyethylene terephthalate/ polyethylene glycol which are disclosed in US 3 557 039 (ICI), GB 1 467 098 and EP 1 305A (Procter & Gamble). Polymers of this type are available commercially, for example, as Per alose, Aquaperle and Milease (Trade Marks, ICI) and Repel-O-Tex SRP3 (Trade Mark, Rhone- Poulenc ) .
• Sulphonated non-end-capped polyester of terephthalic acid, sophthalic acid, sulphoisophthalic acid and ethylene glycol as described in PCT/FR95/00658 (Rh ⁇ ne- Poulenc), published 1 December 1995 and sold commercially as Gerol (Trade mark Rhone-Poulenc ) are also advantageous when used in conjunction with the present invention.
• Latex materials are also defined as Benefit Agents.
• a latex is defined as a material suitable for improving the drape of fabric, suitable materials include a polyv ylacetate homopolymer such as 9802 (Vmamul).
• Benefits aids may also include resins such as Knittex BE (Ciba-Geigy) or silicas such as Crosanaol NS (Crosfield) , these Benefit Agents prevent pill formation on the fabric.
• resins such as Knittex BE (Ciba-Geigy) or silicas such as Crosanaol NS (Crosfield) , these Benefit Agents prevent pill formation on the fabric.
• the Benefit Agent may be any material which is encapsulated. Suitable encapsulating materials include starches and poly (v ylacetate) and urea/formaldehyde condensate based materials .
• Suitable materials that may be encapsulated include perfumes, insect repellents, fungicides, or photo protective agents.
• the Benefit Agent is attached/adsorbed to the peptide/protem Deposition Aid. If the Benefit Agent is adsorbed this is preferably by simple physisorption of the enzyme.
• the benefit is attached to the peptide/protem Deposition Aid this is preferably via a linking agent.
• Suitable linking agents are molecules which show a high affinity for the Benefit Agent. It is preferred if the linking agent is covalently attached to the peptide/protem Deposition Aid, it is also advantageous if the linking agent is covalently bound to the Benefit Agent.
• Preferred linking agents are selected from l-ethyl-3- ( 3- dimethylammopropyl ) carbodiimide, l-ethyl-3- (3- dimethylaminopropyl ) carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-ethyl-5- phenylisoxazolium - 3 - sulphonate, 1 - cyclohexyl-3- (2 morphol oethyl) carbodide metho-p-tolune sulphonate, N- ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy 1,2 dihydroqumolme or glutaraldehyde .
• detergent-active compounds which may be chosen from soap and non-soap anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic detergent-active compounds, and mixtures thereof.
• surfactants may be chosen from soap and non-soap anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic detergent-active compounds, and mixtures thereof.
• suitable detergent-active compounds are available and are fully described m the literature, for example, in "Surface-Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
• the preferred detergent-active compounds that can be used are soaps and synthetic non-soap anionic and nonionic compounds.
• the detergent compositions of the invention may contain anionic surfactants.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are well- known to those skilled in the art. Examples include primary and secondary alkyl sulphates, particularly C,-C 15 primary alkyl sulphates; alkyl benzene sulphonates, alkyl ether sulphates; olef sulphonates; alkyl xylene sulphonates; dialkyl sulphosuccmates ; and fatty acid ester sulphonates, alkyl ether carboxylates , alkyl sarccos ates .
• Sodium salts are generally preferred.
• compositions of the invention may also contain nonionic surfactant .
• Nonionic surfactants that may be used include the primary and secondary alcohol ethoxylates, especially the C B -C 20 aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and more especially the C 10 -C 15 primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
• Non-ethoxylated nonionic surfactants include alkylpolyglycosides , glycerol monoethers, and polyhydroxyamides (gluca ide) .
• detergent-active compound surfactant
• amount present will depend on the intended use of the detergent composition.
• different surfactant systems may be chosen, as is well known to the skilled formulator, for handwashmg products and for products intended for use in different types of washing machine.
• the total amount of surfactant present will also depend on the intended end use and may be as high as 60 wt%, for example, in a composition for washing fabrics by hand. In compositions for machine washing of fabrics, an amount of from 5 to 40 wt% is generally appropriate.
• Detergent compositions suitable for use in most automatic fabric washing machines generally contain anionic non-soap surfactant, or nonionic surfactant, or combinations of the two in any ratio, optionally together w th soap.
• the detergent compositions of the invention will generally also contain one or more detergency builders.
• the total amount of detergency builder m the compositions will suitably range from 5 to 80 wt%, preferably from 10 to 60 wt%.
• Inorganic builders that may be present include sodium carbonate, if desired in combination with a crystallisation seed for calcium carbonate, as disclosed in GB 1 437 950
• crystalline and amorphous alummosilicates for example, zeolites as disclosed in GB 1 473 201 (Henkel) , amorphous alummosilicates as disclosed in GB 1 473 202
• Inorganic phosphate builders for example, sodium orthophosphate, pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate are also suitable for use with this invention
• the detergent compositions of the invention preferably contain an alkali metal, preferably sodium, aluminosilicate builder.
• Sodium alummosilicates may generally be incorporated in amounts of from 10 to 70% by weight (anhydrous basis), preferably from 25 to 50 wt%.
• the alkali metal aluminosilicate may be either crystalline or amorphous or mixtures thereof, having the general formula:
• the preferred sodium alummosilicates contain 1.5-3.5 S ⁇ 0 2 units (in the formula above) . Both the amorphous and the crystalline materials can be prepared readily by reaction between sodium silicate and sodium alum ate, as amply described in the literature.
• Suitable crystalline sodium aluminosilicate ion-exchange detergency builders are described, for example, in GB 1 429 143 (Procter & Gamble) .
• the preferred sodium alummosilicates of this type are the well-known commercially available zeolites A and X, and mixtures thereof.
• the zeolite may be the commercially available zeolite 4A now widely used in laundry detergent powders.
• the zeolite builder incorporated in the compositions of the invention is maximum aluminium zeolite P (zeolite MAP) as described and claimed EP 384 070A (Unilever) .
• Zeolite MAP is defined as an alkali metal aluminosilicate of the zeolite P type having a silicon to aluminium ratio not exceeding 1.33, preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.33, and more preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.20.
• zeolite MAP having a silicon to aluminium ratio not exceeding 1.07, more preferably about 1.00.
• the calcium binding capacity of zeolite MAP is generally at least 150 mg CaO per g of anhydrous material.
• Organic builders that may be present include polycarboxylate polymers such as polyacrylates , acrylic/maleic copolymers, and acrylic phosphinates ; monomenc polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, oxydisuccmates , glycerol mono-, di- and t ⁇ succinates , carboxymethyloxysuccinates , carboxymethyloxymalonates, dipicol ates , hydroxyethyliminodiacetates , alkyl- and alkenylmalonates and succinates; and sulphonated fatty acid salts. This list is not intended to be exhaustive.
• organic builders are citrates, suitably used in amounts of from 5 to 30 wt%, preferably from 10 to 25 wt%; and acrylic polymers, more especially acrylic/maleic copolymers, suitably used in amounts of from 0.5 to 15 wt%, preferably from 1 to 10 wt%.
• Builders both inorganic and organic, are preferably present in alkali metal salt, especially sodium salt, form.
• Detergent compositions according to the invention may also suitably contain a bleach system.
• Fabric washing compositions may desirably contain peroxy bleach compounds, for example, inorganic persalts or organic peroxyacids, capable of yielding hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution.
• Suitable peroxy bleach compounds include organic peroxides such as urea peroxide, and inorganic persalts such as the alkali metal perborates, percarbonates, perphosphates , persilicates and persulphates .
• organic peroxides such as urea peroxide
• inorganic persalts such as the alkali metal perborates, percarbonates, perphosphates , persilicates and persulphates .
• Preferred inorganic persalts are sodium perborate monohydrate and tetrahydrate, and sodium percarbonate .
• sodium percarbonate having a protective coating against destabilisation by moisture.
• the peroxy bleach compound is suitably present in an amount of from 0.1 to 35 wt%, preferably from 0.5 to 25 wt%.
• the peroxy bleach compound may be used in conjunction with a bleach activator (bleach precursor) to improve bleaching action at low wash temperatures.
• the bleach precursor is suitably present in an amount of from 0.1 to 8 wt%, preferably from 0.5 to 5 wt%.
• Preferred bleach precursors are peroxycarboxylic acid precursors, more especially peracetic acid precursors and pernonano c acid precursors.
• An especially preferred bleach precursor suitable for use in the present invention is N, N, N' , N' -tetracetyl ethylenediamme (TAED) and sodium nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate (SNOBS).
• TAED N, N, N' , N' -tetracetyl ethylenediamme
• SNOBS sodium nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate
• the novel quaternary ammonium and phosphonium bleach precursors disclosed in US 4 751 015 and US 4 818 426 (Lever Brothers Company) and EP 402 971A (Unilever) are also of great interest.
• the cationic bleach precursors disclosed EP 284 292A and EP 303 520A (Kao) may also be used.
• the bleach system can be either supplemented with or replaced by a peroxyacid.
• peracids can be found in US 4 686 063 and US 5 397 501 (patent on TPCAP - Unilever) .
• a preferred example is the lmido peroxycarboxylic class of peracids described in EP A 325 288, EP A 349 940, DE 382 3172 and EP 325 289.
• a particularly preferred example is phtalimido peroxy caproic acid (PAP).
• PAP phtalimido peroxy caproic acid
• Such peracids are suitably present at 0.1 - 12%, preferably 0.5 - 10%.
• a bleach stabiliser may also be present.
• Suitable bleach stabilisers include ethylenediamme tetraacetate (EDTA), the polyphosphonates such as Dequest (Trade Mark) and non-phosphate stabilisers such as EDDS (ethylene diamine di-succmic acid). These Bleach stabilisers are also useful for stam removal, especially in products containing low levels of bleaching species or no bleaching species.
• An especially preferred bleach system comprises a peroxy bleach compound (preferably sodium percarbonate optionally together with a bleach activator) , and a transition metal bleach catalyst as described and claimed in EP 458 397A, EP 458 398A and EP 509 787A (Unilever) .
• a peroxy bleach compound preferably sodium percarbonate optionally together with a bleach activator
• a transition metal bleach catalyst as described and claimed in EP 458 397A, EP 458 398A and EP 509 787A (Unilever) .
• Suitable enzymes which may be used with the peptide/prote Deposition Aid of this invention include the proteases, amylases, cellulases, oxidases, peroxidases, lipolases and lipases cutinases and ceratmases usable for incorporation in detergent compositions.
• Preferred proteolytic enzymes are, catalytically active protein materials which degrade or alter protein types of stains when present as in fabric stains m a hydrolysis reaction. They may be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial or yeast origin.
• proteolytic enzymes or proteases of various qualities and origins and having activity in various pH ranges of from 4-12 are available and can be used in the instant invention.
• suitable proteolytic enzymes are the subtilisms, which are obtained from particular strains of £. subtilis and E. licheniformis . such as the commercially available subtilisms Maxatase (Trade Mark) , as supplied by Gist Brocades N.V., Delft, Holland, and Alcalase (Trade Mark), as supplied by Novo Industri A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• protease obtained from a strain of Bacillus having maximum activity throughout the pH range of 8-12, being commercially available, e.g. from Novo Industri A/S under the registered trade-names Esperase (Trade Mark) and Savinase (Trade-Mark) .
• Esperase Trade Mark
• Savinase Trade-Mark
• Other commercial proteases are Kazusase (Trade Mark) (obtainable from Showa-Denko of Japan), Optimase (Trade Mark) (from Miles Kali-Chemie, Hannover, West Germany) , and Superase (Trade Mark) (obtainable from Pfizer of U.S.A.).
• Detergency enzymes are commonly employed in granular form in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 3.0 wt%.
• compositions of the invention may contain alkali metal, preferably sodium, carbonate, in order to increase detergency and ease processing.
• Sodium carbonate may suitably be present in amounts ranging from 1 to 60 wt%, preferably from 2 to 40 wt%.
• compositions containing little or no sodium carbonate are also within the scope of the invention.
• Powder flow may be improved by the incorporation of a small amount of a powder structurant, for example, a fatty acid (or fatty acid soap) , a sugar, an acrylate or acrylate/maleate polymer, or sodium silicate.
• a powder structurant for example, a fatty acid (or fatty acid soap) , a sugar, an acrylate or acrylate/maleate polymer, or sodium silicate.
• One preferred powder structurant is fatty acid soap, suitably present m an amount of from 1 to 5 wt%.
• detergent compositions of the invention include sodium silicate; antiredeposition agents such as cellulosic polymers; inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate; lather control agents or lather boosters as appropriate; proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes; dyes; coloured speckles; perfumes; foam controllers; fabric softening compounds, soil release polymers, fluorescers and decoupling polymers. This list is not intended to be exhaustive.
• the detergent composition when diluted in the wash liquor will give a pH of the wash liquor from 7 to 10.5.
• the detergent components of the present invention may be incorporated in detergent compositions of all physical types, for example, powders, liquids, gels and solid bars.
• Detergent compositions of the invention may be prepared by any suitable method.
• Particulate detergent compositions are suitably prepared by spray-drying a slurry of compatible heat- sensitive ingredients, and then spraying on or postdos g those ingredients unsuitable for processing via the slurry.
• the skilled detergent formulator will have no difficulty in deciding which ingredients should be included in the slurry and which should not.
• Particulate detergent compositions of the invention preferably have a bulk density of at least 400 g/1, more preferably at least 500 g/1.
• compositions have bulk densities of at least 650 g/litre, more preferably at least 700 g/litre.
• Such powders may be prepared either by post-tower densification of spray-dried powder, or by wholly non-tower methods such as dry mixing and granulation; in both cases a high-speed mixer/granulator may advantageously be used.
• Liquid detergent compositions can be prepared by admixing the essential and optional ingredients thereof in any desired order to provide compositions containing components in the requisite concentrations.
• Liquid compositions according to the present invention can also be in compact form which means it will contain a lower level of water compared to a conventional liquid detergent.
• Example 1 Demonstration of the preparation and deposition of the cellulase latex system
• Particles of 0.5um polystyrene latex (ex Polyscience) were taken and the surface functionalised to have free carboxylate groups. The bulk of the particles have small amounts of fluorescent dye incorporated.
• Trichoderma reesei in borate buffer The reactants use left to react overnight.
• Example 2 Demonstration of the use of the cellulase deposition system to deliver an anionic fabric conditioner to cotton.
• a 5% solids dispersion was prepared, where the particles consisted of a surfactant mesophase of composition (by mole fraction) 0.55 octadecanol : 0.40 cetyl sodium sulphonate : 0.05 stearic acid.
• Trichoderma reesei was covalently attached to the particles using the following method:
• the resulting mixture was used to treat cotton Terry towelling sheets to demonstrate an antiharshenmg benefit
• Example 3 Comparing the use of physisorbed cellulase with covalently bound cellulase to deliver latex particles to cotton.
• the latex used was a 2.5% dispersion of 0.5 ⁇ m polystyrene latex particles whose surrace has carboxylate groups incorporated.
• the latex has a small amount of fluorescer incorporated.
• the resulting mixture was used to treat cotton as follows;
• a number of latex dispersions were prepared each having a different cellulase enzyme covalently attached according to the method described in Example 1. Four different cellulases were used:
• cellulase EG2 from Trichoderma longibrachiatum
• cellulase EG3 from Trichoderma longibrachiatum
• cellulase E5 from Thermonospora fusca
• the latices were used to treat cotton according to the method described in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 4.
• the cellulase-modified silicone was incorporated into a model wash and a model rinse. In each case two controls were also used: incorporation of unmodified silicone and the use of no silicone at all.
• the fabrics used in the experiments were 20 x 20 cm squares of white Terry towelling.
• the model washes and rinses were performed in a Tergotometer using the following protocols:
• the panel judged the treatment containing the cellulase-modified silicone to deliver greater softness than the two controls.
• Example 6 Demonstration of the use of the cellulase deposition system to deliver a cationic surfactant fabric softener from a wash containing anionic surfactant .
• the cellulase-modified dispersion was incorporated into a model wash. Two controls were also used: incorporation of unmodified dispersion and the use of no cationic surfactant dispersion at all
• the fabrics used in the experiments were 20 x 20 cm squares of white Terry towelling.
• the model washes were performed in a Tergotometer using the following protocol :
• the panel judged the cloths washed with a formulation containing the cellulase-modified cationic surfactant dispersion to be softer than the two controls. The panel also judged that this treatment had rendered the fabric softer than it was before undergoing the wash. These panel results were significant at the 95% confidence level.
• Example 7 Demonstration of the use of glutaraldehyde as a linking agent.
• a sample of a 0.5 ⁇ m polystyrene latex having a surface containing free amine groups was obtained from Sigma.
• the latex also contained a small amount of a fluorescent dye.
• Two modified latices were prepared using different levels of cellulase.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

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• 1996
  • 1996-07-01 GB GBGB9613758.3A patent/GB9613758D0/en active Pending
• 1997
  • 1997-06-24 ES ES97930425T patent/ES2245795T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-24 BR BR9710021A patent/BR9710021A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-06-24 AU AU34381/97A patent/AU3438197A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-06-24 WO PCT/EP1997/003371 patent/WO1998000500A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-06-24 EP EP97930425A patent/EP1019478B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-24 DE DE69734073T patent/DE69734073T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-06-28 IN IN379BO1997 patent/IN189556B/en unknown
  • 1997-06-30 ZA ZA975816A patent/ZA975816B/xx unknown
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