WO1997042015A1

WO1997042015A1 - Apparatus for recovering rubber-like elastomers

Info

Publication number: WO1997042015A1
Application number: PCT/IB1997/000477
Authority: WO
Inventors: Iradj Hessabi
Original assignee: Iradj Hessabi
Priority date: 1996-05-02
Filing date: 1997-05-02
Publication date: 1997-11-13
Also published as: DE19617450A1; AU2574397A

Abstract

Waste material to recover elastomers is subjected to dry distillation separately from reinforcing materials. The liquid distillate and the dry residue are removed, the latter being passed into an after-chamber for comminution where the material is pulverised over a screen, while the material that cannot be comminuted is passed through a second gate. The apparatus processing a larger number of old tyres by a quasi-continuous process has a retort chamber (20) which is located between pre- and after-chamber (18, 25) and equipped with heating means with a duct (41, 42, 43) running through and partitions (30) between the chambers (18, 20, 25) that can be opened, and has a discharge arrangement for liquefied distillates. Upstream of the pre-chamber (18) and downstream of the after-chamber (25) there is in each case a gate (10, 13) for feeding in and discharging waste material, with the after-chamber (25) containing comminution means for the residue.

Description

Device for the recovery of rubber-like elastomers

The invention relates to a device for recovering rubber-like elastomers, in particular from old tires, by means of a thermal process of dry distillation, the device having at least one lock for introducing the old tires into at least one heatable treatment chamber.

In modern mobile society there are constantly worn out car tires, which represent a serious disposal problem. It is known to use this waste for seabed fortification, since the old tires can offer a habitat to invertebrate marine animals; also uses in agriculture are known, for example to complain about covering rents or the like. However, neither there nor here is the need unlimited. For the recovery of rubber-like elastomers, thermal processes for melting for reuse and also for dry distillation to obtain pyrolysis products have already been proposed; However, this procedure is only suitable to a limited extent for worn-out car tires, since the elastomers forming the car tire contain fillers and the carcass of the tire is reinforced with steel or textile fiber cord. Devices have also been proposed for the recovery in which the waste material has to be shredded for thermal treatment. to Treatment of used tires is disclosed in DE 42 34 385, in which used tires are introduced into a treatment chamber through an immersion lock and are pyrolyzed in a bath, preferably a metal bath, with the exclusion of air and water. This device does not take into account that the non-pyrolyzable residues have to be removed from the bath. DE 37 25 584 suggests for the processing of used tires that the used tires are subjected to batchwise pyrolysis in a boiler in a discontinuous process. A device for the continuous processing of used tires is disclosed in EP 0 072 387; here the device is designed in the manner of a downhole furnace, into which the old tires are conveyed and in which the pyrolysis is carried out, with a lock being provided which is arranged in the shaft of the furnace and ensures that there is no air. The problem with these devices is that the old tires come into contact with heating surfaces, so that undesirable excess temperatures are unavoidable.

This gives rise to the task of further developing the generic devices in such a way that they enable a continuous process in which the old tires do not come under the influence of excess temperature and which permits pyrolysis in zones.

This task is solved by the features contained in the main claim; Advantageous further developments and preferred embodiments describe the subclaims.

An advantageous device for carrying out the method allows at least quasi-continuous work: For the dry distillation, a retort chamber is provided, which is arranged between the antechamber and the afterchamber. A guide penetrates at least the three chambers, so that the old material, at least that consisting of self-contained rings - such as old tires or drive belts of the wedge or toothed belt type - wrap around this guide and on it from the task in the area the pre-chamber can be conveyed to the discharge opening in the area of the post-chamber. This guide prevents used material parts from resting on heated ones Surfaces; thus an overtemperature influence is prevented. Here it goes without saying that this guidance is not continuous in one piece; rather, a subdivision is made according to chambers, these individual parts of the guide being joined to one another without jolts. This provides a continuous unit in which the individual process steps assigned to the respective chambers can be carried out one after the other. The individual chambers are separated by exposed walls. This enables waste material to be introduced into the pre-chamber and dried during the distillation, while the residue from the distillation, which originates from the distillation chamber, is crushed in the post-chamber.

The retort chamber is further provided with means for heating, the retort chamber having an outlet for the liquefied distillate. This fume cupboard is sealed gas-tight, for example by means of a diving siphon, and when using negative pressure to reduce the partial pressure of oxygen, the closure is to be designed in such a way that the pressure difference can be held securely. The Nachkam¬ mer also has means for pulverizing or granulating the residue. For the introduction and removal of material, a sluice is provided upstream and downstream of the pre-chamber, and a sluice is provided for inserting and removing the old material. The locks are advantageously designed as water-filled immersion closures, through which the old material is fed in or the uncrushed residues are discharged.

The retort chamber as well as the antechamber and the antechamber are advantageously provided in a tunnel-like housing which contains the means for heating. According to one embodiment, oil or gas burners are provided as the means for heating. In this case, the retort chamber is advantageously designed such that it has at least the burners opposite an insert made of a heat-resistant material. In another embodiment, at least one microwave generator is provided as the means for heating the old material. Here, the retort chamber has at least the radiating elements of the microwave generator with an insert made of material which is suitable for the electronic tromagnetic radiation is transparent in the selected (micro) wavelength range.

The means for pulverizing or granulating the residue are advantageously designed like a tube mill, with the embodiment being rotatable in the area of the post-chamber in one embodiment. As it rotates, this guide takes the old material that wraps around it. This old material is so brittle after the dry distillation that it already disintegrates like a powder or granulate due to such stress and forms a heap that can be bunkered. It is then withdrawn from this bunker for further use. In this case, the material obtained during the comminution can be subjected to a sieving before it passes into the bunker, in which the undersize gets into the bunker while the oversize is fed back to the comminution.

In order to reduce the oxygen partial pressure, at least the retort chamber has a connection for a vacuum pump. This vacuum lowers the oxygen content so that oxidations can be suppressed. Alternatively, the retort chamber has a connection for an inert gas supply. In addition to nitrogen, carbon dioxide (in special cases also noble gas - helium, neon or argon) can also be used as the inert gas, it also being possible to obtain this carbon dioxide from their exhaust gas with conventional heating using oil or gas burners. The inert gas is advantageously conducted in the circuit, in particular to save gas.

In a preferred embodiment, this device is used for old tires, old belts or the like. used that are given up so that they wrap around the leadership. Here, the guide is designed in such a way that these wastes can be threaded onto the guide and threaded on it can be moved forward. For this purpose, the individual guide sections have means for moving these wastes. In an advantageous embodiment, each of the guides is formed by parallel tubes or rods, which are placed in such a way that a space is formed between two of the rods / rods; further each of the guides has means for conveying the old materials wrapping around them, the drive of which is arranged within the guide and the catches of which grip the old material and take it with them through the spaces between the bars / rods. These Mitneh¬ mer are advantageous cams that are moved along the shell; In another embodiment, fingers lying in the lateral surface of the guide are provided as drivers for moving the waste wrapping around the guide. These fingers lie axially parallel in the jacket of the guide, they can be rotated about an axis tangential to the jacket surface and emerge from the jacket surface when rotated so as to take the waste with them.

After leaving the retort chamber, the now brittle residues from the distillation enter the post-chamber; there they are comminuted, where they essentially disintegrate in powder or granule form. This powder is collected and discharged. A classification, for example a sieve or a sifter, is arranged upstream in order to separate out insufficiently comminuted materials. The undersize grain passing through the sieve gets into the collecting bunker, while the oversize grain goes back to comminution. Masses that can no longer be shredded are finally discharged via the second lock.

To separate the pre-chamber and the retort chamber on the one hand and the retort chamber and the post-chamber on the other hand, partition walls are provided which are formed in two parts. A finger-like drive point engages against the guide from one side, while a cover part is provided from the opposite side, which has a slot-like opening for the guide and drive part, into which the guide and drive part are finally inserted laterally. Both the drive part and the cover part can be raised and lowered with lifting devices, so that the wall thus divided can be opened and closed. The drive parts contain the means to transmit the movement for the conveyor. For this purpose, a drive gearwheel arranged fixed to the frame is provided, which is wrapped in a drive chain, which in turn interacts with a gearwheel provided in the drive part. When the drive section is lowered in the open position, it engages Do not chain into the drive gear fixed to the frame, so that the transmission path for the drive is interrupted. If the drive part is lifted into its working position, the connection between drive gear and chain is made so that the drive is engaged. The drive movement is transmitted to the rotatably mounted guide, a helical shaft stub in the interior of the guide cooperating with helical gears which transmit the movement via chain hoists to chain wheels, so that the rotary movement of the fingers attached to these chain wheels is triggered. It goes without saying that the helical shaft can also be continuous for each of the guide parts; in this case, all gear wheels, which in this case have the helical teeth, interact with this shaft and are fitted with rotary fingers. The axial travel of cams can be achieved in a similar manner.

The device is loaded with the waste materials to be treated, which are then heated under reduced oxygen partial pressure in such a way that dry distillation begins, the distillate being drawn off after the end of the dry distillation process and stored as a liquid product. The remaining residues are then cooled and crushed, and the now dust-like residues, which still contain remnants of the reinforcement, are drawn off and separated from the latter by sieving or sifting, whereby the powder product is obtained. The liquid product and the powder product are now stored separately until new, rubber-like elastomer masses are produced. For this purpose, the liquid product and the powder product can be used mixed in a suitable ratio; if necessary, new recovered liquid product and powder product are added until the desired parameters are obtained.

For this purpose, the waste material is introduced through a first lock into a pre-chamber for drying the waste material used. Waste material now accumulates in this antechamber until a charge has been reached for the retort chamber and this has been emptied into the afterchamber. The waste material is generally not free of water; at- for example, when using locks with a water barrier, it takes water with it when it passes the first lock. The antechamber is therefore also designed as a drying chamber. If the retort chamber is free, the old material is transferred into it and subjected to the heat. In order to avoid oxidation, the atmosphere is low in oxygen: it has a reduced oxygen partial pressure. The old material brought in in this way is then suspended and subjected to a dry distillation under the influence of the rising temperature, a distillate escaping which condenses in the base region. In order to force the condensation there, floor areas are advantageously cooled. The residues from the distillation are brittle masses that disintegrate when moving to a powder or granulate-like piles, leaving behind reinforcement residues (steel or textile cord). The pulverulent or granular comminution product is withdrawn from the post-chamber and recycled with the liquid product. The residues that cannot be shredded are disposed of. The chambers are sealed off from one another by walls which can be opened from one chamber to the other for the transfer of the old materials.

The heating for dry distillation is advantageously carried out with conventional heating means, preferably with a gas or oil burner; these are used to heat the chamber wall and thus also the contents of the container. Alternatively, it is proposed that the heating for dry distillation be carried out using microwave energy. In this case, there is direct heating without the chamber wall being primarily heated; the fact that the temperature of the wall also increases here is a consequence of unavoidable heat transport. It goes without saying that the retort chamber has radiation-transparent inserts with respect to the radiation organs (antennas). In both cases, energy is added to the old material, in the first case as sensible heat via heat conduction, in the second case as electromagnetic energy, which is absorbed and converted into sensible heat, it being understood here that the frequency of the Microwave radiation is to be placed on absorption sites of the old material in the electromagnetic spectrum. With this type After heating, the container wall remains (relatively) cold, so that additional heating is advantageous in order to prevent condensation or even attachment of the distillate to the wall.

The comminution is advantageously carried out in that the post-chamber or the guide is set in rotation in the area of the post-chamber. Through this rotation, the brittle material after the distillation is ground, especially if it is material that wraps around the guide and is taken along when the guide rotates. A comminution in the manner of a tube mill is thus achieved, with reinforcement residues, such as steel cord or textile cord, acting as grinding aids, it being understood that additional grinding aids, for example in the form of balls, can be added. In order to favor the comminution, the rotational movement of the guide is superimposed on an oscillatory movement or the rotational movement is carried out as a wobble movement. This distillation residue, which has been comminuted in this way, is finally drawn off and subjected to sieving or screening. The undersize obtained as a sieve passage or as a screening discharge forms the powder product which is obtained and stored as the second product of the dry distillation. In the process oversize can be returned and subjected to comminution again. The rest of the residue is used for further recycling, whereby the steel cord is melted down, while existing textile cord residues are thermally recycled, e.g. when melting the steel cord.

The reduction in the oxygen partial pressure is advantageously achieved by drawing a vacuum in the retort container, whereby a reduction in the air pressure to below 25% of its natural value appears sufficient. Alternatively, the air in the retort container is replaced by an inert gas, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. This reduction in the partial pressure of oxygen serves to prevent spontaneous combustion. In this case, lowering the oxygen partial pressure to 1/10 of the normal value seems sufficient. The invention is explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6; show

Fig. 01: Schematic side view of the device (section);

Fig. 02: Detail retort chamber, cut;

Fig. 03: Detail drive driver finger;

Fig. 04: Detail clutch, engaged, disengaged;

Fig. 05: System with 5 guides, cross section at the height of a partition, partition closed;

Fig. 06: System with 5 guides, cross-section at the height of a partition, partition opened.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic section of the device, in which the three chambers, namely the pre-chamber 15, the retort chamber 20 and the post-chamber 25, are arranged in the housing 1. The chambers 15, 20, 25 are divided by means of partitions 30, which consist of a drive part 31 and a cover part 32 (FIGS. 5, 6), and which can advantageously be lowered or raised by means of hydraulic drives 38. A drive motor 6 is connected to the drive part 31, the output of which is directed via the shaft 7 to the drive wheels 8. The inlet and outlet of the device are equipped with locks, the input lock 10 forming the passage for the waste material to be processed, while the outlet lock 13 allows the discharge of non-shredded residues. The entrance lock 10 has an immersion bath 11 which is divided into two halves by means of a submerged finger 12 in such a way that the interior of the device is blocked against the ingress of air. Through this immersion bath 12, the old materials to be processed - shown here in the form of old tires 2 - are introduced into the antechamber 15. For old materials that are ring-shaped, a guide 40 is provided, which runs through the entrance lock 10 as well as the pre-chamber, the retort chamber and the post-chamber 15, 20, 25, and the individual pieces 41, 42 and 43 and the U-shaped lock piece 49 is made. These guide parts are advantageously formed like a cage; for this purpose, axially parallel rods or rods are connected to form the cage, which advantageously has a cylindrical cross section. Annular waste materials 2 are "threaded" onto this guide 40 and moved forward with transport means provided in the guides. An arrangement of burners 4 in a burner chamber 3 allows the retort chamber 20 to be heated, a distillate 2.1 being obtained which is collected in the collecting base 21 and can be withdrawn therefrom. The chamber floor 22 surrounding the collecting floor 21 is advantageously provided with cooling ribs on the outside and (if necessary also with a coolant) cooled. The embrittled residues from the distillation are transferred into the post-chamber 25 and there "rotated" by rotation of the associated guide part 43. The resulting dust or granular material 2.2 falls on the sieve 26 and through the sieve 26 into the collecting container 27, from which it can be removed. The remnants of the introduced old material 2.3 - for example reinforcements in the form of steel or textile cord or the like - can be drawn off via the exit lock 13, which contains a water bath 14 into which a separating plate 15 is immersed so that an intrusion of air is prevented. The chambers are filled with inert gas via the inert gas line 5 and their inert state is maintained.

FIG. 2 shows the retort chamber 20 in detail. The housing 1 contains a burner chamber 3 largely surrounding the retort chamber 20, in which burners 4 are provided which are connected to a gas line 4.1. With the help of these burners 4, the retort chamber 20 is heated in such a way that the introduced old material 2 is subjected to a dry distillation, which can be brought to a conclusion. The old materials 2 to be treated - shown here as old tires - are "threaded" onto a guide part 42 which runs approximately centrally in the retort chamber 20. The retort chamber 20 is - like the other chambers - provided with partitions 30; these are shown on the one hand closed (right) and on the other hand open (left). When the partition 30 is closed, the drive part 31 and cover part 32 of the partition are moved together and rest against the end piece 45 of the guide 42. When the partition walls 30 are open, the drive part 31 and the cover part 31 with the lifting devices 38 (FIG. 1) are moved apart so that the passage for the old material 2 is cleared. To ensure that drive part 31 and cover To ensure part 32 on the end piece of the guide parts 41 (or 42 or 43), these are provided with end pieces which have at least one of the sliding bearing-like rings 45.1 against which the semicircular sliding surfaces 35 of the drive part 31 or of the cover part 32. The guide parts 41 (or 42 or 43) themselves are provided with end disks 45 which receive the drive means (shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4). In the area of the lower apex of the housing wall there is a distillate drain slot and below this a collecting container 27 (not shown here). In order to keep radiant heat away from the parts of the partition walls 30, radiation protectors 30.1 (recognizable on the open side) are provided, which are opened when the partition wall 30 is opened.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the drive of the means causing the rotation of the guides 40 and the forward movement, which are shown here as fingers 48.1 attached to gear wheels 48. To drive either the rotation or the feed, the driven wheel 8 of the fixed drive motor 6, which acts on the individual drives via a shaft 7 with driven wheel 8, is connected via a chain 39 and countershaft gears 33 to a ring gear 47, which in an intermediate ¬ space of the two-part end plates 45 is provided, which are divided so that an intermediate space for this ring gear 47 remains between the two parts. When the partitions 30 are closed, their semicircular sliding surfaces encompass the ends 45.1 of the end disks 45, which are designed in the manner of a sliding ring, so that the guide can rotate freely. The chain 39 engages both in the driven wheel 8 of the motor and in the drive wheel 33 of a countershaft, so that the transmission path for the force is closed (FIG. 4 on the left). If the two parts of the partition are moved apart to open the partition, the chain 39 loses its engagement with the driven wheel 8 (FIG. 4, right). The guide parts 41, 42 and 43 are driven individually, and this drive is therefore only engaged when the intermediate walls 40 are closed. Between the ring gear 47 and the end plate 45 a freewheel is now switched on in such a way that it takes the guide part 41 or 42 or 43 with it in the locking direction, so that the part of the guide associated with this drive is driven to rotate becomes. If the direction of rotation is reversed, the end plate 45 remains at rest, braked by the slide bearings, and the drive only acts on a helical shaft end 44 which then rotates relative to the stationary cylinder of the guide. Gears 48, which have a corresponding toothing, interact with this helical toothed stub 44, mounted in the jacket of the guide part 41, 42 or 43; when this stub shaft 44 rotates with respect to the cylindrical jacket of the guide, these toothed wheels 48 "roll" thereon. These gear wheels 48 pass the movement via the chain hoist 46 to the chain wheels 48 'on which the fingers 48.1 are arranged; When the chain hoist 46 is moved, the chain wheels 48 'are rotated with the fingers 48.1, these emerging from the interstices of the rods or bars of the jacket of the guide part and moving the material carried by the guide forward. This transport movement is now controlled in such a way that it can be triggered when the partition wall to the chamber following in the transport direction is open, while the partition wall to the preceding chamber is already closed to transmit the movement processes. The last guide part 43 is advantageously connected to a vibrator in order to separate the embrittled elastomer masses from reinforcements.

Figures 5 and 6 show a cross section through one of the chambers of the device. In the housing 1 there are 5 guides 40 on which - shown here as old tires - old material 2 is "threaded". In Figure 5, the partition 30 is closed; Drive part 31 and cover part 32 are moved against each other so that the guide 40 is positively embraced in the region of the end piece. Figure 6 shows this same cross section with the partition open; here the drive part 31 and the cover part 32 are moved apart so that the entire cross section of the chamber is free. The upper side of the drive part 31 consists of fingers 36 which engage in recesses 34 of the cover part 32. These recesses 34 are designed such that they have a semicircular sliding surface 35 which bears against the circular sliding rings 45.1 of the end pieces 45 The same applies to the fingers 36, the end of which is recessed in a semicircular shape and provided with a sliding surface 37.

Claims

claims

01. Device for the recovery of rubber-like elastomers, in particular from old tires by means of a thermal process of a dry distillation, the device having at least one lock for introducing the old tires into at least one heatable treatment chamber, characterized in that one between a pre-chamber and a post-chamber (18, 25) arranged and provided with means for heating up retort chamber (20) with at least one at least pre-chamber (18), retort chamber (20) and post-chamber (25) passing through the old materials hanging guide ( 41, 42, 43) is provided, with open partition walls (30) separating the chambers (18, 20, 25), the retort chamber (20) being provided with means for heating and having an outlet for the liquefied distillate, wherein The antechamber (18) is connected upstream and downstream of the downstream chamber (25), a lock (10, 13) is provided for introducing and discharging the old material, and wherein the post-chamber (25) is provided with means for pulverizing or granulating the residue.

02. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the locks (10, 13) are formed from dip closures π through which the old material is fed in or the uncrushed residues are discharged.

03. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide (40) tube-like at least preliminary, retort and after chamber (18, 20, 25), whereby the end on the chamber side is bent approximately U-shaped as a diving finger (12) through the immersion bath (11) of the plunger seal, while the end on the chamber side ends outside the chamber (25) and is covered by an apron (15) immersed in the water bath (14) of the discharge lock (13).

04. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge indicates that retort chamber (20) with ante and post chamber (18, 25) are provided in a tunnel-like housing (1), which means for heating of the waste material, oil or gas burners (4) being provided as means for heating, the retort chamber (20) at least having an insert made of a heat-resistant material with respect to the burners (4).

05. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge indicates that a retort chamber (20) with pre- and post-chamber (18, 25) is provided in a tunnel-like housing (1) that the means for heating the Contains waste material, at least one microwave generator being provided as the means for heating, the retort chamber (20) having at least the radiation organs of the microwave generator having an insert made of material which is suitable for electromagnetic radiation in the selected (micro) world ¬ lenlength range is permeable.

06. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized ge indicates that at least the part (43) of the guide (40) assigned to the secondary chamber (25) can be rotated in its region and thus a tube mill-like arrangement for comminution of the embrittled residue.

07. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized ge indicates that at least the retort chamber (20) has a connection for a vacuum pump.

08. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized ge indicates that at least the retort chamber (20) has a connection for an inert gas supply, a circuit with a circuit fan being provided for the inert gas, and wherein the refilling of inert gas vor¬ preferably in the circuit.

09. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein used tires used as old material, drive belts or similar, forming a closed ring and thus wrapping around the guide wastes, characterized ge indicates that a U-shaped , the immersion bath (11) of the entrance sluice (10) is provided with a guide (49) through which there are further guide parts (41, 42, 43) which connect the antechamber (18), the retort chamber (20), the after chamber (25) pass through, connect, the annular wastes, "threadable" onto this guide (40) and movable along the guide, the individual guide parts (41, 42, 43,) having respective means for moving the wastes in the region of the chambers .

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the guide parts (41, 42, 43, 49) are formed by axially parallel rods or rods which are placed such that between two of the rods / rods a space between is formed, and that the guide (40) has means for conveying the old materials (2) wrapping around it, the drivers (48.1) reaching through the spaces between the bars / rods, grasping old material and taking it with them.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that axially parallel movable cams are provided as a driver for moving the waste wrapping around the guide (40) from the outer surface of the guide (40).

12. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that as a driver for moving the wrap around the guide (40) waste in the lateral surface of the guide Fin¬ ger (48.1) are provided which, in the jacket of the guide (40) axially parallel lying, are rotatable about an axis and emerge from the lateral surface when rotating.

13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized ge indicates that the post-chamber (25) is provided with an outlet for powdery / granulated material, which a classification, preferably a sieve (26) or a classifier so before ¬ is switched that the passage is carried out.

14. The device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized ge indicates that each of the partitions (30) is formed by a drive part (31) with at least one finger (36) held in the diameter of the guide (40) and from one ¬ cover part (32) with the / the fingers (36) receiving slot / -zen (34), both of which are movable with lifting devices (33) against the guide parts (41; 42; 43) of the guide (40), and wherein the Number of fingers (36) and slots (34) corresponds to the number of guides (40).

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the drive part (31) provided for the rotation of the guide part (41; 42; 43) via a chain (39) can be engaged or disengaged, the drive preferably interacts with a toothed ring (46) via a countershaft (43).

16. The apparatus according to claim 14 or 15, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that a freewheel is provided in the course of the drive path, which is switched such that the associated one of the guide parts (41; 42; 43) is taken with it in a direction of rotation, while it Reversed direction of rotation braked by the plain bearing remains stationary, preferably the Freewheel between the ring gear (47) and end piece (45) of each of the guide parts (41; 42; 43) is arranged.

17. The device according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized ge indicates that each of the parts (41, 42, 43) of a Füh¬ tion (40) has a centrally arranged, helical shaft (44) which with helically matching teeth Toothed wheels (48) cooperate with laterally attached conveyor fingers (48.1), the axes of the helical toothed wheels (48) being mounted in the region of the jacket of the guide such that the fingers (48.1) turn out when the toothed wheels (48) rotate emerge from the lateral surface.

18. Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized ge indicates that each of the end pieces (45) of the guide parts (41, 42, 43) has a centrally arranged, obliquely toothed stub shaft, which fits obliquely with it toothed gears (48) cooperate with laterally attached conveying fingers (48.1), circumferential transmission chains being provided for the further gears (48) with fingers (48.1) arranged outside the stump.

19. The device according to one of claims 10 to 18, characterized ge indicates that the last of the guide parts (43) is provided with a vibrator for separating the embrittled elastomer mass from the cord.