WO1997038765A1

WO1997038765A1 - Device for binding a boot on a snow board or the like

Info

Publication number: WO1997038765A1
Application number: PCT/FR1997/000639
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gilles Passedat
Original assignee: Gilles Passedat
Priority date: 1996-04-12
Filing date: 1997-04-10
Publication date: 1997-10-23
Also published as: FR2747317B3; EP0909203A1; FR2747317A1

Abstract

The invention features a device for binding a boot on a snow board. It consists of a sensor (2) for housing the sole of the shoe and a body (6) connected to the ski by means of a foot. The body (6) carries the boot-binding clamp (7) and can move between a boot-binding and a boot-releasing position. A primary return motion mechanism located in the body is made of one or more tension springs (8, 8a, 8b) operating on the locking mechanism (9, 110) to bring the clamp (7) into its binding position. An intermediate element (4, 25, 40, 41, 116) is connected to the clamp by the same primary return motion mechanism so that when the clamp (7) moves away from its binding position, it pulls the intermediate element (4, 25, 40, 41, 116) with an elastic force determined by the primary return motion mechanism.

Description

RETAINING ELEMENT OF A SHOE ON A SNOWBOARD

The subject of the present invention is a fastening element for a boot on a sliding board, in particular an alpine ski

Fixing systems of a boot on a ski generally consist ^of a front element, commonly called abutment and a rear element, commonly called heel, provided to hold the front respectively and the heel of the boot on the ski. This support is provided by a movable jaw, carried by a body and returned to its position for retaining the boot on the ski thanks to the action of a tension spring housed in the body. Thus, the boot is released from the ski when the stresses it exerts on the jaw are greater than the force that the tension spring imposes on said jaw to maintain it in the boot retaining position. The minimum force exerted on the jaw by the shoe and allowing its release is generally called the triggering threshold and determines the hardness of the fastening element.

This triggering threshold is given by the tension of the spring, which is adjusted beforehand and generally remains constant during skiing.

The stop is provided to release the front of the boot when the latter urges the jaw by an excessive force and lateral to the ski, generated for example during a twist of the leg.

The heel piece is designed to release the heel of the shoe when the latter exerts a stress from bottom to top greater than the restoring force of the jaw. This kind of stress occurs for example during falls forward.

Although these triggering possibilities improve the safety of the skier by making it possible to limit the efforts on the lower limbs during certain falls, there are still many serious accidents. It is known that the knee is currently the joint most often traumatized during ski falls. Very often, trauma occurs when the skier's leg is excessively twisted because the stopper does not allow the release of the boot. This is the case for many falls in torsion carried out at low speed, in soft snow, or backwards, falls due to "edge faults" or to the stepping of a stake during the practice of slalom. Generally, in these circumstances, the skier presses lightly on the ski and the quadriceps of his leg is not contracted enough to protect the knee, or else, the attitude of the skier is such that even contracted, the quadriceps does not protect the knee this is the case of falls backwards with excessive bending of the leg

On ^the other hand, the knee is more fragile at ^an internal torsion of the leg that during an external torsion Or. Generally, the threshold is the same whatever the biasing direction of the At shoe ^of a fall with twisting the leg ^inward, so the stop may not release the boot and thus cause trauma to the knee.

Finally, many knee injuries occur after many hours of skiing. home tired skiers could not unscrew it their fasteners becaufe it requires ^the use of a tool they ^do not have them Patents have been filed and provide some answers to certain problems previously posed

Patent No. 2718048 proposes a mechanism for a stop whose threshold of

5 trigger increases in response to an increase in the support force of the sole of the boot on the ski, so that the trigger threshold is lower when the skier's quadriceps is slightly contracted, and standard when the skier's quadriceps is contracted so when the knee is protected

The mechanism consists of a movable feeler on which the sole of the shoe rests. This feeler is connected to the tension spring of the stopper by a link making it possible to increase the tension of the spring in response to an increase in the force of support of the sole The tension of the spring is preset to impose on the stop a triggering threshold lower than the standard threshold However, the mechanical principle of this system means that the response is not always instantaneous and therefore prevents from lowering the preset trigger threshold and optimize skier safety

The jaw of a stopper generally consists of a sole clamp designed to prevent the front of the boot from moving away from the ski in a vertical direction and two fins allowing lateral support

The jaw can be in one piece In this case, the fins and the sole clamp are integral and the entire jaw is in motion when triggered

The jaw can consist of two independent fins and a fixed sole clamp, or mobile and independent of the fins, or even formed of two parts each integral with a fin. In this case, one or the other of the fins in motion during lateral release

Patents Nos. 2733431 and 2732899 describe systems making it possible to obtain a stop whose trigger threshold is different depending on whether the shoe is biased inward or outward with the possibility of selecting the trigger direction the most flexible and the direction of the hard trigger These systems adapt ^that certain types of stops whose jaws have independent fins

3s The purpose of the present invention is to ^improve the functioning of existing fasteners by providing a mechanism that may find particular application for each type of use Ton made

Another object of ^the invention to provide a simple and easy mechanism to achieve 40

A first use makes it possible to increase the hardness of the stop instantly in response to an increase in the support force of the sole. The instant response, due to the design of the mechanism, therefore allows 4s to lower the trigger threshold as much as possible. prérégie and thus increase the likelihood ^of triggering when the knee is not protected and subject to excessive torsion A second use allows manual switching from a high trigger threshold to a low trigger threshold and vice versa, without being forced to use a tool

A third use makes it possible, in the case of certain one-piece jaw stops, to obtain a different hardness depending on the triggering direction with the possibility of selecting the most flexible triggering direction and the hardest triggering direction. This allows the skier to swap skis and adapt their bindings for better safety

The fastening element according to the present invention consists on the one hand of a basic fastening system holding the boot on the ski thanks to a primary return mechanism, and on the other hand of a secondary return mechanism acting on the basic attachment system to modify the triggering threshold The basic attachment system is provided with a conventional part consisting on the one hand of a feeler intended to receive the sole of the shoe, and d on the other hand, a movable jaw, intended to hold the boot on the ski. This jaw is carried by a body connected to a base fixed to the ski. The body houses a primary return mechanism consisting of at least one tension spring acting on a locking member for holding the jaw in its shoe retaining position with a minimum elastic restoring force

The invention resides in the fact that an intermediate piece is connected to the jaw by the primary return mechanism so that when the jaw moves away from its position for retaining the shoe, it drives the intermediate piece with an imposed force. by the primary return mechanism A secondary return mechanism can subject the intermediate piece to a force contributing to maintain it in a position of equilibrium which is its when the jaw retains the shoe, so as to increase the triggering threshold of the fastener 0

Two cases can arise

In the first case, ^the action of the secondary biasing mechanism on the intermediate part is lower than the jaw driving action s The intermediate piece is then driven by the jaw when tripping The force exerted by the secondary return mechanism on the intermediate piece therefore contributes to proportionally increasing the return force of the jaw in the shoe retaining position initially generated by the primary return mechanism 0 In the second case. ^the action of the secondary biasing mechanism on the intermediate part is stronger than the jaw driving action The intermediate part then remains motionless when tripping The ^action of secondary biasing mechanism allows the intermediate piece has to contribute to returning the jaw in S of the shoe retaining position a force equal to the ^driving force of the intermediate member by the jaw and processed by the primary biasing mechanism Any increase in the force exerted by the mechanism of secondary reminder on the intermediate piece therefore has no influence on the triggering threshold of the fixing element which is then maximum It would be logical for the primary return mechanism to be adjusted so that this maximum threshold is the standard threshold for a conventional fastening element

Several types of secondary recall mechanisms can be used, each with different functions

A first possibility consists in using a force transmission system connected to the feeler and acting on the intermediate piece to maintain it in a position of equilibrium with a force increasing with the bearing force of the sole of the shoe on the feeler. triggering threshold of the fastening element then increases with the bearing force of the sole to a maximum value which is hers when the bearing force of the sole is large enough to lock the intermediate piece in position d 'balanced

A second possibility consists in using a movable blocking member, 5 by manual intervention, between a blocking position of the intermediate piece and an inactive position. The fastening element therefore has two trigger thresholds a minimum when the member hold is inactive and a maximum when it blocks the intermediate piece in its equilibrium position

A third possibility, suitable for certain monobloc jaw stops 0, consists in using a device which can act on the intermediate piece to block it in its equilibrium position only during a lateral release in one direction. Thus, the stop has a threshold of different triggering depending on whether the shoe is loaded inward or outward The device is movable, thanks to manual intervention, between a position in which it blocks the intermediate piece only when it is biased towards inside, a position in which it locks the intermediate piece whatever the direction of the biasing and a position in which it locks the intermediate piece only at ^a biasing outwards

0 In the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples of shapes and embodiments of the object of the ^invention Figure 1 shows in plan view, a ski binding element. Figure 2 shows the same system seen from the side, in elevation, Figure 3 is an enlarged partial section, along the arrows AA of ^ Figure 1, and showing the basic attachment system of the fastener. Figures 4 to 6 are enlarged partial sections according to arrows B-B of Figure 2. showing the mobile part of the ^system base fastener respectively when the latter is in the retaining position of the shoe, during ^a triggering when the intermediate piece is blocked and during a 0 triggering during which the intermediate piece is driven by the jaw, FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial section, according to the arrows AA of FIG. 1, showing a variant of execution the basic fastening system according to ^the invention, suitable for the stops is mobile and articulated body at least 5 laterally with respect to an axis, Figure 8 is an enlarged partial section along the arrows B of Figure 2 and illustrating the ^system base clip shown in Figure 7, FIG. 9 illustrates a variant of the basic attachment system according to the invention and adapted to certain stops with fixed body, by a partial section enlarged according to the arrows AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a partial section enlarged, according to the arrows BB in FIG. 2 and representing the basic attachment system illustrated in FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a partial section enlarged, following the arrows AA in FIG. 1 and showing an alternative embodiment of the basic attachment system adapted to certain fastening elements with fixed body, FIG. 12 is a partial section along the arrows DD of FIG. 11 and representing the upper part of the intermediate piece, FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial section , following the arrows AA in FIG. 1 and illustrating the secondary return mechanism increasing the hardness of the fastening system in response to an increase in the support force of the sole of the shoe and adapted to the s ysteme illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6, FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial section, following the arrows AA in FIG. 1 and illustrating the secondary recall mechanism making it possible to manually switch between a low trigger threshold and a strong threshold and suitable for the system illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6, FIG. 15 is a partial top view of the mechanism illustrated in FIG. 14, FIG. 16 is an enlarged partial section, according to the arrows CC in FIG. 2, showing the secondary return mechanism allowing '', on the attachment system illustrated in Figures 3 to 6, different trigger thresholds depending on the direction of the stress, with the possibility of selecting the direction for which the trigger threshold is lowest and that for which the threshold is the strongest, Figure 17 is a partial section along the arrows EE in Figure 16, Figure 18 is an enlarged partial section along the arrows AA of Figure 1 and illustrating the secondary return mechanism increasing the hardness of the fastening system in response to an increase in the support force of the sole of the shoe and adapted to the system illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, Figure 19 is an enlarged partial section, following the arrows CC in FIG. 2 and illustrating the secondary return mechanism making it possible to manually switch between a low trigger threshold and a strong threshold and adapted to the system illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, FIG. 20 is an enlarged partial section along the arrows CC in Figure 2, showing the secondary biasing mechanism pemnettant to obtain, on the fastening ^system illustrated in figures 7 and 8, different triggering thresholds in the direction of the load, with the possibility of selecting the direction for which the trigger threshold is lowest and that for which the trigger threshold is strong figure 21 is a cross-section partial enlarged, following the arrows AA of FIG. 1 and illustrating the secondary return mechanism increasing the hardness of the fastening system in response to an increase in the support force of the sole of the shoe and adapting to the system illustrated in FIG. 1 1, Figure 22 is an enlarged partial section, along the arrows CC of ia Figure 2 and illustrating the secondary return mechanism for switching manually between a low trigger threshold and a strong threshold and adapted to the system illustrated in FIG. 11, FIG. 23 is an enlarged partial section, according to the arrows AA in FIG. 1 and illustrating the mechanism represented in FIG. 22

The basic fastening system T is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6 It consists of a feeler 2 intended to receive the sole of the boot, and of a body 6 connected to a base 3 fixed to the ski The body 6 carries a shoe retaining jaw 7, movable between a retaining position and a shoe release position II houses a primary return mechanism formed by a tension spring 8 acting on a locking member 9 to hold the jaw 7 in its shoe retaining position with an elastic restoring force An intermediate piece (4, 25) is connected to the jaw by the primary return mechanism, so that when the jaw deviates from its retaining position the shoe, it drives the intermediate piece with a force depending on the tension of the spring 8

The body 6 is integral with the jaw 7 pivoting ^about a cylindrical axis 5, fixed vertical and the intermediate part consists of a hand of a sleeve 4 rotating about axis 5, and secondly, 'a movable part 25 This movable part has the shape of a U, the central part of which is parallelipipedic and the two lateral branches of which take hold on two lateral and diametrically opposite flats of the sleeve 4 so as to be able to drive the latter in a movement of rotation about the axis 5 The sleeve 4 has a light allowing the central part of the moving part 25 to be in contact with a flat 5a of the axis 5 The locking member 9, sliding longitudinally in the body 6 and under the action of the tensioned spring 8, presses by a flat end, on the central part of the moving part to press it against the flat 5a of the axis 5 Thus, when the jaw 7 is in the retaining position of the shoe, li easons mobile-piece locking member and movable-axis part are plane contacts on a map defining the position ^of equilibrium of the whole movable sleeve-piece (4) The locking-piece movable member contact is wider than contact moving part-axis Consequently, the sleeve-moving part assembly is driven by the jaw when triggered, with a force dependent on the tension of the spring 8 and the width of the locking member-moving part connection. part, the jaw-sheath-movable part assembly is kept in its equilibrium position with an elastic restoring force depending on the tension of the spring 8 and on the width of the moving part-axis contact. This equilibrium position obviously corresponds for the jaw (7) has its shoe retaining position

The lower part of the sheath is adapted to the secondary return mechanism used

Three devices described in the following paragraphs can have the function of a secondary recall mechanism

Device A, illustrated in Figure 13, consists of a system of force ^transmission between the probe 2, mobile, the sheath 4, so that said sheath and consequently the moving part 25, are held in the equilibrium position with a force increasing with the force F of support of the sole on the feeler 2 This force transmission system consists of a lever 26 carrying the probe 2 and articulated around a transverse horizontal axis 27, supported by the base 3 fixed to the ski The front end of the lever is provided with a ball 29

The sleeve 4 has a bore allowing its pivoting around the axis 5 as well as its sliding on the same axis II abuts in its sliding movement upwards on a flange secured to the axis 5

When the jaw is in the shoe retaining position, the ball 29 is housed in a conical hole 4a located under the sheath The ball exerts on the sheath a push from bottom to top countered by the collar and which increases with the force F d support of the sole on the feeler Thus, the sheath 4 and the moving part 25 are maintained in their equilibrium position with a force proportional to the force F (without taking account of the friction forces), and depending on the slope of the conical hole 4a as well as the position of the axis 27 Consequently, as long as the moving part-sheath assembly is driven by the jaw when the latter deviates from its position for retaining the shoe, the triggering threshold increases with F (figure 6) As soon as F is large enough to block the moving part-sleeve assembly, the jaw 7 pivots around said assembly when it is released ^ figure 5) The hardness of the fastening element is then maximum and given e by the tension of the spring 8 as well as the width of the locking member-moving part contact

In the limiting case where the slope 4a conical hole is vertical, ^that is to say the case where the hole is cylindrical, the sleeve is locked in permanence However, if a lower elastic member, tending to move the ball from its seat, the fastening element has two trigger levels, a low when the support force of the sole is almost zero (F less than the force imposed by the elastic element to move the ball away from its housing), and a strong the shoe presses on the probe (F greater than the force imposed by the elastic element to move the ball away from its housing)

Device B, shown in Figures 14 and 15, consists ^of a pull tab 10 guided in a guide 17 integral with the base 3 The inner part ^of a manual knob 1 1 has a parallelepipedal form and is housed in a through hole This hole of the pull tab is provided for the manual operation is permitted ^that a movement along a vertical axis relative to the pull tab be controlled manually, on the other hand consists ^of a top part 15 wider sufisamment to be easily operable manually an elastic member 12 fixed to the drawer, support from top to bottom on a collar secured to the handwheel to the recall down so that its lower portion can extend beyond the bottom of the pull tab and lodge in ^the one or ^the other of two recesses 13 or 14 situated on ^the base 3 and in the slide fastener 1 7 zipper 10 is then locked in an equilibrium position by pulling the manual knob 1 1 upward with a force greater than the restoring force of the elastic member 12. The lower portion of said manual control ^deviates from the recess in which it was received, so that the pull tab is freely movable in the slideway Thus, it is possible to do manually move the slider from an equilibrium position defined by a hollow to another

In order to adapt the intermediate piece to device B, the sheath 4 has a notch When the pull tab is in the equilibrium position defined by the hole 13, closest to the sheath, its end is housed in the notch so as to block the sheath 4 and therefore the movable part 25 because the force exerted by the sheath on the pull tab when triggered is perpendicular to the axis of the pull tab The trigger threshold is then maximum When the pull tab 10 is found in the other equilibrium position, its end is outside the notch, so that the pull tab has no action on the sheath The trigger threshold is then minimum

The device C according to FIGS. 16 and 17 consists of a slide 26 whose axis is transverse to the ski. A pull tab 21 guided by the slide 36 carries a manual control 22, similar to that of the device B, so as to be able to move the pull tab 21 from one equilibrium position to another These equilibrium positions are defined by three recesses (23, 24, 55) located under the slide 36 and blocking the pull tab according to the principle of the device B The lower part the sleeve is adapted to the device C it is cut by a transverse vertical plane so as to form a hollow semi-cylinder The lower part of the axis 5 is also cut along the same plane On the other hand, the zipper 21 is provided with two pins 28a and 28b, placed on a transverse horizontal axis and projecting towards the sheath 4 The slide 36 and the recesses (23, 24, 55) are placed so that when the lower part of the manual control 22 is housed in the hollow of right e, the left nipple is opposite the right edge of the half-cylinder and almost in contact with it. Thus, the sheath-moving part assembly is blocked when the shoe is pressed to the left and free when the shoe is pressed. the shoe to the right Consequently the trigger threshold to the left is higher than the trigger threshold to the right When the lower part of the manual control is in the hollow on the left, the right nipple is opposite the left edge of the half cylinder and almost in contact with it For the same reason as previously, the fastening element is harder to release during a stress to the right than to the left When the hollow in the middle blocks the zipper 21, the pins 28a and 28b are in front and almost in contact with the left and right edges of the sheath ^the sheath-piece movable assembly is then blocks whatever the direction of the bias of the boot, so that e the trigger threshold is the same during a request to the right or to the left

The ^alternative embodiment of the ^invention illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, concerning the basic fastening system ^that will be referenced by the letter X, adaptable to many stops a movable body

In addition to the probe 2 provided to receive the sole of the shoe, the abutment consists ^of a retaining jaw 7, extended at the front by a body integral with said jaw 6. ^The assembly is articulated at least laterally ^around a fixed axis 5 The upper part of the intermediate piece 40 is 97/38765 PC17FR97 / 00639

parallelipipedic Its front face is provided with vertical cylindrical bosses 40a and 40b A locking member 9 slides longitudinally in the body 6 It is subjected to the action of a tension spring 8 to press from back to front by a flat end, on the flat face of the upper part of the intermediate piece 40 The intermediate piece is then pressed against the fixed axis 5, so that when the jaw is in the shoe retaining position, the two cylindrical bosses 40a and 40b are boxes in two gutters of complementary shapes to the bosses and hollowed out in the fixed axis 5 The intermediate part is then in a position of equilibrium The plane contact on plane between the locking member 9 and the intermediate part 40 is wider than the spacing between the two gutters Thus, during a lateral release, and without the action of a secondary return mechanism, the jaw 7 in its movement drives the part i ntermediate 40 which then pivots around the axis of one of the two gutters The driving force of the intermediate piece by the jaw depends on the tension of the spring 8 and the width of the locking member-intermediate piece contact

On the other hand, the jaw-intermediate piece assembly is kept in its equilibrium position with an elastic restoring force depending on the tension of the spring 8 as well as on the spacing between the two gutters. This equilibrium position obviously corresponds for the jaw (7) in its shoe retaining position

Figures 9 and 10 illustrate the basic attachment system which will be referred to by the letter Y, and which is close to the X system but suitable for certain fixed body stops

In addition to the probe 2 provided to receive the sole of the shoe, it is constituted by a fixed body 6, which partially houses a locking member 9 which passes through the rear face 130 of the body said locking member is retained al ^rear by the jaw 7 holding the boot on the ski and articulated at least laterally around the rear face 130 of the body 6 A tension spring 8 recalls the locking member 9 towards the front This latter drives the jaw 7 whose front face plates the intermediate piece 41 on the rear face of the body 6 The front and rear faces of the intermediate piece 41 are each provided with two vertical bosses 41 a, 41b, 41 c, 41d When the jaw 7 is in the shoe retaining position, the bosses 41 a and 41 b are housed in two gutters of complementary shape and hollow in the rear face 130 of the body 6 Similarly, the bosses 41 c and 41d are housed in two gutters of complementary shape cr in the front face of the jaw 7 The intermediate piece 4 i is then in a position of equilibrium

Before the two bosses 41a and 41b are less Discardings ^one of ^the other the rear protrusions 41 c and 41 d Thus, when a lateral release, without action of a secondary biasing mechanism on the workpiece intermediary. this is driven by the jaw in its movement by pivoting around the axis of one of the two gutters on the rear face 130 of the body 6 The driving force depends on the tension of the spring 8 as well as on the spacing between the two bosses 41 c and 41 d On the other hand, the jaw-intermediate piece assembly is maintained in its equilibrium position with an elastic restoring force dependent on the tension of the spring 8 as well as on the spacing between the two bosses 41 a and 41 b. This position of balance obviously corresponds for the jaw (7) to its position for retaining the shoe

Figure 18 illustrates an adaptation of the basic attachment system X to device A

The lower part of the intermediate piece 40 is provided with a horizontal groove 31 housing a tongue of complementary shape 30 and integral with the fixed axis 5, so that the intermediate piece 40 is retained during a vertical stress It is on the other hand equipped with a conical hole 40c housing the ball 29 of the device A when the jaw 7 is in the shoe retaining position Thus, the holding force of the intermediate piece 40 in the equilibrium position and generated by the ball 29, increases in response to an increase in the force F pressing the shoe sole on the feeler 2 Consequently the hardness of the stop increases with F as long as the jaw drives the intermediate piece 40 during a movement shoe release As soon as F is sufficient to block the intermediate piece, the jaw pivots around it when triggered The hardness is then maximum and depends on the tension of the spring rt 8 as well as the width of the contact between the locking member and the intermediate piece

Figure 19 illustrates an adaptation of the basic attachment system X to device B

The intermediate piece 40 is extended downwards by a lug 42. The device B is positioned so that the axis of the slide 47 is transverse to the ski and that when the pull tab 10 is in an equilibrium position, a of its sides is in front of the lug and almost in contact with it to block the intermediate piece 40 The threshold for triggering the stop is then maximum When the pull tab 10 is in the other equilibrium position. the side of the zipper is no longer in front of the lug 42 so that the intermediate piece 40 is free to pivot around one or ^the other gutters of axes The trigger is then minimal

Figure 20 illustrates the adaptation ^of the system of base attaches X to the device C

The lower part of the intermediate piece 40 has a parallelipiped shape. The slide and the three recesses (23, 24, 55) located under the slide 36 of the device C are placed so that when the jaw 7 is in the shoe retaining position.

- If the lower part of the manual control is housed in the hollow 23 on the right, the left lug 28a is opposite and almost in contact with the right edge of the intermediate piece 40 so that the latter can pivot around from the axis of the right gutter but not around the axis of the left gutter, the stopper is then harder to trigger in one direction than in the other

- if the lower part of the manual control is housed in the left recess 55, the right stud 28b is opposite and almost in contact with the left edge of the intermediate piece 40, the hardest and most flexible directions of release are swapped from the previous case

- if the lower part of the manual control is housed in the central hole 24, the two pins 28a and 28b are opposite and almost in contact with the right and left edges of the intermediate piece, so as to block it in any direction of shoe stress and obtain a hardness of the stop independent of the direction of stress

The adaptation of the system Y to each of the devices A, B, C is the same as that of the system X because despite the fact that the body of the system Y is fixed, these two systems operate in a similar manner when triggered

The basic attachment system Z illustrated in FIGS. 1 1 and 12 generalizes the invention to many heels and stops with fixed body.

It consists of a body 6 integral with the base connecting it to the ski 3 A primary spring in tension 8a acts on a locking member 1 10, sliding longitudinally in the body and recalling the jaw 7 in the shoe retaining position with an elastic restoring force provided by the tension of the spring 8a During ^an outbreak, the locking member 1 10, causes the jaw, then slides into the body 6 against the action of primary spring 8a the peculiarity of the system described resides in the fact that a secondary tension spring 8b is supported on an element integral with the locking member 1 10 to press an intermediate piece 1 16 against another element integral with said locking member The intermediate piece is in position equilibrium when the jaw is in the shoe retaining position of the jaw ^deviates from its retaining position, it causes the intermediate piece 1 16 into a sliding movement, through the locking member 1 10, with a force equal to the tension of the secondary spring 8b

The upper part of the intermediate part is close to the vertical it pivots about ^a transverse horizontal axis 109 fixed to the body portion of the locking member 1 10 housed in the body 6 is formed by different diameters of coaxial cylinders, the upper part of the intermediate piece is provided with an oblong hole, so that it can be crossed by all of these cylinders except that of larger diameter, one end of which forms the step 1 1 1 abuts on the intermediate piece The secondary spring voltage 8b supports ^a side on the cap 140, secured to the spring adjusting screw which is screwed to ^the locking member the other end 8b of the secondary spring presses the vertical portion of the intermediate piece 1 16 to press it against the setback 1 1 1 The jaw can not drive the intermediate piece with a force equal to the tension of the secondary spring 8b unless the push e said secondary spring on the intermediate part is in the direction of sliding of ^the locking member 1 10 generates a trigger by the intermediate piece 1 16 then has a rotational movement about the transverse horizontal axis 109

FIG. 21 illustrates an adaptation of the basic attachment system Z to the device A

The intermediate piece 1 16 is extended downwards by a horizontal part 122 The elbow 123 between this horizontal part and the vertical part of the part 1 16 is narrowed, so that these two parts can be slightly articulated one by relative to the other The intermediate part through the underside of the body 6 Thus, the horizontal part 122 is located under the body 6 On the other hand, it is provided with a conical hole 1 16a housing the ball 29 of the device A when the jaw 7 is in the shoe retaining position When, by the effect of a force due to the bearing force F of the sole, the ball 29 presses on the conical hole from bottom to top, it presses the horizontal part 122 against the body 6 The intermediate piece 1 16 is therefore kept in its equilibrium position with a restoring force increasing with the force F of pressing the sole on the feeler 2 As long as this restoring force is less than the tension spring is condaire 8b, the intermediate piece is driven by the locking member 1 10 during a triggering and pivots about its axis 109 The triggering threshold then increases with F When F is large enough to block the intermediate piece even during a trigger, the hardness is maximum and determined by the sum of the tensions of the springs 8a and 8b.

Figures 22 and 23 illustrate the adaptation of the basic attachment system Z to the device B

The lower part 120 of the intermediate piece 1 16 is in the form of a horizontal tongue extending under the sole of the shoe It is equipped with a transverse notch 121 On the other hand, the axis of the slide 37 of the device B is transverse and the two recesses 33 and 34 located under the slide are placed so that when the pull tab 10 is in one of the two equilibrium positions and when the jaw is in the shoe retaining position, the end of the pull tab is received in the notch 121 for locking the intermediate piece 1 16 trigger threshold is then maximum when the pull tab is in ^the other position of equilibrium, the pull tab is out of ^the indentation and n ^'has no action on the intermediate piece 1 16 the trigger threshold is minimum

C device can be adapted to the attachment of Z that the movement of the intermediate piece 1 system 16 during ^a trigger is independent of the tripping direction Thus, it is impossible to ^act on the intermediate part during trigger in one direction and do not act when triggering in the other direction

The basic attachment systems and secondary recall mechanisms described in the preceding paragraphs are variants of execution of the invention. Any device having the same functions is the subject of the present invention

Claims

1 ° fastening element intended to retain a boot on a gliding board and in particular an alpine ski, provided with a basic attachment system and a secondary return mechanism, the basic attachment system comprising the elements next,

a feeler (2) intended to support at least locally the sole of the shoe,

-a shoe retaining jaw (7) movable between a shoe retaining position and a shoe release position, -a body (6) connected to a base (3) fixed to the ski and carrying the jaw (7) retaining the shoe,

a primary return mechanism housed, at least in part, in the body (6) and comprising at least one spring (8, 8a, 8b) as well as a locking member (9, 1 10) for recalling the jaw ( 7) in its shoe retaining position with an elastic force, characterized in that the primary return mechanism connects the jaw (7) to an intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 41, 1 16), so that said intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 41, 116) is in a position of equilibrium when the jaw is in the shoe retaining position and that it is driven by the jaw (7) with a determined force by the primary return mechanism when the jaw (7) deviates from its shoe retaining position

2 ° fastening element according to claim 1, provided with a body (6) integral with the jaw (7) for retaining the boot pivoting about a vertical cylindrical axis (5) and housing a locking member (9) sliding and subjected to the action of the tension spring (8), characterized in that the intermediate piece consists of a sleeve (4) pivoting about the axis (5), and a movable piece (25 ) provided to drive the sheath (4) in a rotational movement around the axis (5), the locking member (9) pressing under the action of the tension spring (8) on the movable part (25) to press it against the axis (5) and the assembly being designed so that on the one hand, when the jaw (7) deviates from its position for retaining the shoe, it drives in its movement moving part (25 ) and sheath (4) with a force dependent on the tension of the spring (8), and that on the other hand, the jaw-moving part-sheath assembly is recalled in a pos equilibrium ition with a restoring force also dependent on the tension of the spring (8), this corresponding equilibrium position for the jaw (7) has its shoe retaining position

3 ° fastening element according to claim 1, in which the retaining jaw (7) and the body (6) are integral and articulated at least laterally around a fixed axis (5), the body housing a locking member (9 ) slidably and subjected to the action ^of a tension spring (8), characterized in that the intermediate piece (40) is pressed by the locking member (9) against the axle (5), whereby that on the one hand it is driven by the jaw (7) with a force determined by the tension of the spring (8) when said jaw deviates from its position for retaining the shoe, and that on the other hand the assembly intermediate jaw-piece is returned to an equilibrium position with a force also dependent on the tension of the spring (8), this position balance corresponding for the jaw (7) to its shoe retaining position

4 ° fastening element according to claim 1, the body (6) of which is integral with the ski and houses a tension spring (8) recalling the locking member (9) towards the front, the head of said locking member being retained at the rear by the jaw (7) articulated at least laterally around the rear face (130) of the body (6), characterized in that the intermediate piece (41) is pressed by the jaw (7) against the rear face (130) of the body (6), so that on the one hand it is driven by the jaw (7) with a force determined by the tension of the spring (8) when said jaw moves away from its retaining position of the shoe, and that on the other hand the jaw-intermediate piece assembly is returned to an equilibrium position with a force also depending on the tension of the spring (8), this corresponding equilibrium position for the jaw (7 ) in its shoe retaining position

5 ° fastening element according to claim 1, the body (6) of which is integral with the ski and contains, at least in part, a locking member (110) subjected to the action of a primary tension spring (8a ) to oppose the jaw (7) a minimum resistance force to its distance from its shoe retaining position, said locking member (1 10), driven by the jaw (7) when the latter deviates from its retaining position, then sliding in the body (6) against the action of the primary spring (8a), characterized in that a second tension spring (8b) bears on an element (140) integral with the locking member (1 10) for pressing the intermediate piece (1 16) against another element (1 1 1) integral with the locking member (1 10), so that when the jaw (7) s' deviates from its shoe retaining position, said locking member (1 10) drives the intermediate piece (1 16) in its sliding movement, with a force imposed by the tension of the second spring (8b)

6. Fastening element according to any one of the preceding claims, provided with a movable probe (2) and with a secondary return mechanism housed in the base (3), characterized in that the secondary return mechanism connects the feeler (2) to the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 1 16) by means (26, 29, 4a, 40c, 1 16a) allowing the holding force of the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 1 16) in equilibrium position, initially generated by the primary return mechanism, in response to an increase in the force (F) of support of the sole of the shoe on the feeler (2)

7 ° fastening element according to claim 6, characterized in that the secondary return mechanism is provided with a lever (26) carrying the feeler (2) and pivoting about an axis (27) hoπzontal-transverse fixed to the base (3), the end of the lever (26) being provided with a ball (29) housed in a conical hole (4a, 40c, 1 16a) of the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 1 16 ) when the latter is in an equilibrium position, so as to exert a push from bottom to top, push countered by a element preventing the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 1 16) from escaping upwards

8 ° fastening element according to claims 1 to 5, provided with a secondary return mechanism integral with the ski, characterized in that the secondary return mechanism consists of a pull tab (10) guided in a slide (17, 37, 47) fixed and with two possible equilibrium positions, a manual control (1 1) being provided for passing the pull tab (10) from one equilibrium position to the other, the assembly being arranged so that when the pull tab (10) is in an equilibrium position, it blocks the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 1 16), even when the jaw (7) deviates from its retaining position, and when it is in the other equilibrium position, it has no action on said intermediate part (4, 25, 40, 1 16)

9 ° fastening element according to claim 8, provided with a secondary return mechanism housed in the base (3), characterized in that each equilibrium position of the pull tab (10) is determined by a hole (13 , 14, 34, 35, 44, 45) located in the base (3) and under the slide (17, 37, 47) to accommodate the lower part of the manual control (1 1) sliding vertically in the pull tab (10 ) and brought back down by an elastic element (12), the slide (17) and the holes (13, 14, 34, 35, 44, 45) being positioned so that when the pull tab (10) is in the locked position of the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 1 16), and when the jaw (7) deviates from its equilibrium position, the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40, 116) exerts a force on the pull tab (10) perpendicular to the axis of the slide (17, 37, 47)

10 ° stop according to claims 1 to 4, the secondary return mechanism is integral with the ski, characterized in that, the secondary return mechanism consists of a pull tab (21) guided in a transverse slide (36) integral skiing, the zipper being mobile, thanks to a manual control (22), at least between two equilibrium positions, so that when the zipper is in an equilibrium position, it blocks the intermediate piece (4, 25 , 40) only when the stop is triggered in one direction and when it is in the other equilibrium position, it blocks the intermediate piece (4, 25, 40) only when it is triggered in the 'other way