WO1997021371A1 - Apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs - Google Patents

Apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997021371A1
WO1997021371A1 PCT/FR1996/001946 FR9601946W WO9721371A1 WO 1997021371 A1 WO1997021371 A1 WO 1997021371A1 FR 9601946 W FR9601946 W FR 9601946W WO 9721371 A1 WO9721371 A1 WO 9721371A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
shell
branches
lever
clamp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1996/001946
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Achart
Original Assignee
Jacques Achart
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jacques Achart filed Critical Jacques Achart
Publication of WO1997021371A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997021371A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G21/00—Table-ware
    • A47G21/06—Combined or separable sets of table-service utensils; Oyster knives with openers; Fish servers with means for removing bones
    • A47G21/061—Oyster knives with openers; Shellfish openers
    • A47G21/062—Oyster splitters working by forcing a knife or the like between shells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices intended for the opening of shells sheltering bivalve or lamellibranch molluscs, such as oysters, clams, clams, etc.
  • Scaling knives are already known, comprising a handle integral with a pointed blade intended to be inserted between the shells of the mollusk, the latter being held in the hand of the user, possibly by means of a protective device such as a dense leather or rubber plate. We can thus remove the shells, access the adductor muscle that connects them, cut this muscle to separate the two shells, and keep only the one that contains the mollusk proper, which is then ready to be eaten.
  • knives with vibrating blade have also been proposed, as in document FR-A-2 657 764.
  • Such knives generally have a guard between the blade and the handle to prevent the user from injuring his hand if the blade of the knife he is holding slips on the shell.
  • the other hand, which holds the shell, remains very vulnerable despite possible protections.
  • devices for opening seashells comprising a base to be fixed on a support such as a table.
  • These devices include a housing for receiving the shell to be opened, as well as a lever arm mounted articulated on the base and provided with a blade, this blade coming, by tilting the lever arm, at the height of the housing to open the shell.
  • the blade consists of a beak responsible for forcing the shell hinge, followed by a straight blade which, continuing the rotation of the lever, cuts the adductor muscle of the mollusk.
  • the base is provided, on one of the sides of its lower face, with a lateral support flange on the support, and the lever is mounted articulated on a portion of an axis fixed, on the one hand, in the base, and, on the other hand, in a bracket for mounting the device on a support plate.
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide an apparatus for opening bivalve mollusc shells, safely for the user, which is simple and reliable to handle, without being expensive.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs, comprising, on the one hand, a shell holding structure and, on the other hand, an opening device intended to be inserted between the shells of bivalve mollusk, the holding structure comprising a shell holding housing, the opening device being carried by a lever articulated on the holding structure.
  • the holding structure consists of a clamp, the two branches of which are articulated one on the other, the lever carrying the opening device being articulated on one of the two branches of the clamp.
  • the housing of the shell is formed between two holding parts each formed on one of the branches of the clamp in the vicinity of the articulation between the branches.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus produced in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view, taken from another angle, of the device of Figure 1, ready to be used;
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1, in use, and - Figures 4 and 5 show schematic views from above of the different stages of opening of a bivalve mollusc shell.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs, produced according to the present invention and specially (but not limited to) intended for the opening of hollow oysters.
  • the apparatus comprises a shell holding structure, generally designated by the reference A, and a shell opening structure, generally designated by the reference B.
  • the holding structure A mainly comprises a device of the type of a clamp, formed of two rigid branches 10 and
  • FIGs 1 and 2 the two branches 10 and 12 are articulated by means of an elastic blade, for example made of spring steel
  • the two branches 10 and 12 are pivotally mounted Tune on the other by means of a pivot.
  • a leaf spring 18 can be fixed at one end to one of the arms to urge the other arm at its other end in the direction of opening of the clamp.
  • the clamp can also be produced in a different way, for example, in a heat-moldable plastic material of which a part in the form of a veil provides the spring function.
  • the branches 10 and 12 each comprise, at the end opposite to the articulation 14, a gripping part 20 and 22 respectively, these gripping parts being intended to be tightened together by the hand of the user, and, in the vicinity of the articulation 14, a holding part 30 and 32, respectively, of the shell, the latter being designated as a whole by the reference C in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the holding part of at least one of the branches of the clamp for example the part 32 of the branch 12, is curved so as to provide a housing capable of receiving the shell C, while the gripping parts are sufficiently close together to be able be gripped by one hand of the user when the shell is in place in the clamp housing.
  • the branch 12 may comprise two successive folds 24 and 26 in opposite directions to give it the shape of an S between the parts 22 and 32, as in the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, or that the branch 12 has only one fold 28 between the portion 32 curved substantially in a semicircle and the rectilinear grip portion 22, as in the embodiment of FIG. 3.
  • the holding parts 30 and 32 further comprise shell-retaining members 34, made, for example, of felt, of dense rubber, of elastomer resistant to cuts and wear, of resistant wood or of striated metal .
  • shell-retaining members 34 made, for example, of felt, of dense rubber, of elastomer resistant to cuts and wear, of resistant wood or of striated metal .
  • three retaining members such as 34 will be used, so as to ensure optimum retention of the shell.
  • Two retaining members 34 are then fixed to one of the holding parts, for example the part 32, and a single retaining member 34 being fixed to the other branch which has the opening structure B so as to allow the action of this structure.
  • the retaining members are made in the form of pads so as to be easily exchanged.
  • the opening structure B of the shell comprises an opening device consisting of a knife 40, formed of a handle 42 secured to a pointed blade 44, and articulated on one end 52 of a lever 50, the other end 54 of which is itself articulated on one of the branches of the clamp A.
  • the joints at the ends 52 and 54 of the lever 50 are, for example, of cardan type, that is ie authorizing a link having at least two non-parallel axes of rotation.
  • a connection of the ball type, of an elastic type or of any other type can, of course, be envisaged.
  • the end 52 of the lever 50 is secured to a yoke 56 free to rotate around the longitudinal axis I of the end 52 of the lever 50, according to the double arrow 1 ( Figure 1 ).
  • the lever 50 can have a rectilinear shape or any other shape that is easier to produce.
  • a socket 58 is mounted to rotate freely in the yoke 56 about an axis II perpendicular to Tax I, according to the double arrow 2 ( Figure 1).
  • the knife 40 is mounted captive of the socket 58, but free to rotate in the latter, about an axis III perpendicular to Taxe II, according to the double arrow 3 ( Figure 1).
  • the knife 40 may, for example, comprise between the handle 42 and the blade 44, a cylindrical part received in the socket 58, beads or flanges at the ends of this cylindrical part preventing the latter from leaving the socket 58.
  • the end 54 of the lever 50 is pivotally received in a yoke 60 around an axis IV, according to the double arrow 4 ( Figure 1).
  • the end 54 is, for example, shaped like a T, the ends of the branches of the T being held captive of the branches of the yoke 60, but being able to pivot in the latter.
  • the clevis 60 is pivotally mounted around an axis V, along the double arrow 5, on one of the branches of the clamp A, for example the branch 10.
  • the fixing and the position of the clevis 60 will be those, as shown in FIG. 'aura understood, which provide the best penetration with a knife 44, that is to say a penetration as perpendicular as possible to the edge of the oyster.
  • the socket 58 could be secured to a yoke 56 ', itself pivotally mounted around Tax IT at the end of the lever 50'.
  • the latter may include a T-shaped end, the branches of the T extending in the direction of Tax IT and being pivotally received in the branches of the yoke 56 '.
  • the other end of the lever 50 ' is held captive in a yoke 60', but it is pivotally mounted around an axis T in this yoke 60 '.
  • the yoke 60 ' is pivotally mounted around an axis V on an arm of a bracket 62, the other arm of which is pivotally mounted around an axis IV, advantageously confused with Tax of the pivot for articulation of the branches 10 and 12 of clamp A.
  • the operation, or the use, of the device which has just been described, is easily deduced from the foregoing explanations.
  • the device being held by the gripping parts 20 and 22 in one hand of the user, the latter disposes with his other hand the shell C in the housing provided for this purpose between the holding parts 30 and 32 of the arms 10 and 12, by arranging the shell with its hinge D situated opposite the articulation 14, in such a way that the adductor muscle P of the mollusk, the position of which inside the shell is known with respect to the hinge D between the two shells, either located on the side of the knife 40.
  • the hinge D of the shell C must be located on the open side of the clamp A, that is to say on the side furthest from the joint 14. The user can then tighten the parts 20 and 22 one against the other so that the retaining members 34 hold the shell C firmly in place.
  • the user can then grasp with his free hand the handle 42 of the knife 40, and position the pointed end of the blade 44 at the joint between the two shells of the shell C.
  • the device is then in the position shown in the Figure 2.
  • the user can then exert a push on the handle 42 of the knife, in the direction of the seashell C, according to arrow 6 in FIG. 4, thanks to the articulations around axes II and IV or IT and IV, while simultaneously printing with a knife alternative rotations of small amplitude around its axis III or HT, according to the double arrow 3 in Figure 4.
  • the end of the pointed blade 44 then creeps between the two shells of the shell C.
  • the user then prints with a knife around Taxe II or IT, in the direction of arrow 2A ( Figure 4), then in the direction of arrow 2B ( Figure 5).
  • the blade 44 of the knife is brought to meet the adductor muscle P of the mollusk, which muscle will then be cut.
  • a stop 64 determines an angular limitation of the movement of the knife 44 in its yoke when it is biased in the direction of the arrow 2A.
  • the adaptation is also very simple to perform. It suffices in fact to provide that the yoke 60 is removably fixed on the branch 10, for example by a screw / nut system passing through an opening made in the branch 10, and to provide on the branch 12 a possibly symmetrical opening by relative to the joint 14 or, if possible, in the fold 28 of the branch 12.
  • the yoke 60 may thus be fixed indifferently on one or other of the branches 10 or 12 of the clamp A. Adapted in this way for a left-handed user and in the case of the opening of an oyster, the hinge D of the latter must then be located on the appropriate side.
  • the device according to the present invention can easily be adapted for the opening of all bivalve mollusk shells, such as flat oysters, meadows, clams or mussels.
  • a stop may be provided between the two arms 10 and 12 of the clamp A, adjustable as a function of the size of the mold, to avoid breaking the relatively fragile shells.
  • provision may be made for one or both joints at the ends of the lever 50 or 50 ′ to be of the ball-and-socket type.
  • the branches 10 and 12 of the clamp A may also be symmetrical with respect to a median plane of the clamp, each branch being curved in the same way to form a half-housing for the shell.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage that the branches thus produced are identical, apart from the arrangement of the retaining members 34, which results in a reduced manufacturing cost. In addition, this arrangement promotes the conversion of the device for left-handers.

Abstract

An apparatus for opening the shells (C) of bivalve molluscs, comprising an assembly (A) for supporting a shell (C) and an opening device (40) insertable between the shells of the bivalve mollusc. The supporting assembly (A) comprises retaining portions (30, 32, 34) for holding the shell (C), and the opening device (40) is supported on a lever (50, 50') hinged to the supporting assembly (A). Said supporting assembly (A) consists of a clamp (A) with two arms (10, 12) joined together via a hinge (14), and the lever (50, 50') supporting the opening device (40) is hinged to at least one of said two arms (10, 12).

Description

Appareil pour l'ouverture de coquillages de mollusques bivalves Apparatus for opening bivalve mollusc shells
La présente invention concerne les appareils destinés à l'ouverture des coquillages abritant des mollusques bivalves ou lamellibranches, tels que des huîtres, praires, palourdes, etc ...The present invention relates to devices intended for the opening of shells sheltering bivalve or lamellibranch molluscs, such as oysters, clams, clams, etc.
On connaît déjà les couteaux d'écailler, comportant un manche solidaire d'une lame pointue destinée à être insérée entre les coquilles du mollusque, ces dernières étant maintenues dans la main de l'utilisateur, éventuellement par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif protecteur tel qu'une plaque de cuir ou de caoutchouc dense. On peut ainsi écarter les coquilles, accéder au muscle adducteur qui les relie, couper ce muscle pour séparer les deux coquilles, et ne conserver que celle qui contient le mollusque proprement dit, qui est alors prêt à être consommé. Pour faciliter l'insertion de la lame pointue, on a également proposé, comme dans le document FR-A-2 657 764, des couteaux à lame vibrante.Scaling knives are already known, comprising a handle integral with a pointed blade intended to be inserted between the shells of the mollusk, the latter being held in the hand of the user, possibly by means of a protective device such as a dense leather or rubber plate. We can thus remove the shells, access the adductor muscle that connects them, cut this muscle to separate the two shells, and keep only the one that contains the mollusk proper, which is then ready to be eaten. To facilitate the insertion of the pointed blade, knives with vibrating blade have also been proposed, as in document FR-A-2 657 764.
De tels couteaux présentent généralement une garde entre la lame et le manche pour éviter à l'utilisateur de se blesser la main, si la lame du couteau qu'il tient dérape sur le coquillage. L'autre main, qui tient le coquillage, reste très vulnérable malgré d'éventuelles protections.Such knives generally have a guard between the blade and the handle to prevent the user from injuring his hand if the blade of the knife he is holding slips on the shell. The other hand, which holds the shell, remains very vulnerable despite possible protections.
On connaît également, par exemple des documents FR-A-2 717Also known, for example documents FR-A-2 717
668 et FR-A-2 621 235, des dispositifs pour ouvrir des coquillages, comportant un socle à fixer sur un support tel qu'une table. Ces dispositifs comportent un logement pour recevoir le coquillage à ouvrir, ainsi qu'un bras de levier monté articulé sur le socle et pourvu d'une lame, cette lame venant, par basculement du bras de levier, à hauteur du logement pour ouvrir le coquillage.668 and FR-A-2 621 235, devices for opening seashells, comprising a base to be fixed on a support such as a table. These devices include a housing for receiving the shell to be opened, as well as a lever arm mounted articulated on the base and provided with a blade, this blade coming, by tilting the lever arm, at the height of the housing to open the shell.
Selon le document FR-A-2 717 668, la lame est constituée d'un bec chargé de forcer la charnière du coquillage, suivi d'une lame droite qui, en continuant la rotation du levier, sectionne le muscle adducteur du mollusque. Selon le document FR-A-2621 235, le socle est pourvu, sur l'un des côtés de sa face inférieure, d'un rebord d'appui latéral sur le support, et le levier est monté articulé sur une portion d'axe fixée, d'une part, dans le socle, et, d'autre part, dans un étrier de montage du dispositif sur un plateau support.According to document FR-A-2 717 668, the blade consists of a beak responsible for forcing the shell hinge, followed by a straight blade which, continuing the rotation of the lever, cuts the adductor muscle of the mollusk. According to document FR-A-2621 235, the base is provided, on one of the sides of its lower face, with a lateral support flange on the support, and the lever is mounted articulated on a portion of an axis fixed, on the one hand, in the base, and, on the other hand, in a bracket for mounting the device on a support plate.
Ces dispositifs connus présentent cependant de nombreux inconvénients. D'une part, ils doivent être montés à poste fixe, par exemple fixés sur une table, ce qui limite leurs possibilités d'utilisation. D'autre part, ils ne permettent pas de viser le joint avec certitude. Mais surtout, il faut utiliser une main pour maintenir le coquillage dans son logement, tandis que l'autre main manipule le levier. Il en résulte que, en cas de dérapage de la lame sur le coquillage, cette dernière peut venir blesser la main immobilisant le coquillage, une telle blessure étant de plus aggravée par l'effet de bras de levier portant la lame.These known devices however have many drawbacks. On the one hand, they must be mounted in a fixed position, for example fixed on a table, which limits their possibilities of use. On the other hand, they do not allow to target the joint with certainty. But above all, you must use one hand to hold the shell in its housing, while the other hand manipulates the lever. It follows that, in the event of the blade slipping on the shell, the latter may injure the hand immobilizing the shell, such a wound being further aggravated by the effect of the lever arm carrying the blade.
La présente invention a donc pour but de proposer un appareil pour l'ouverture de coquillages de mollusques bivalves, en toute sécurité pour l'utilisateur, qui soit de maniement simple et fiable, sans être onéreux.The present invention therefore aims to provide an apparatus for opening bivalve mollusc shells, safely for the user, which is simple and reliable to handle, without being expensive.
Dans ce but, la présente invention propose un appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages de mollusques bivalves, comportant, d'une part, une structure de maintien du coquillage et, d'autre part, un dispositif d'ouverture destiné à être inséré entre les coquilles du mollusque bivalve, la structure de maintien comportant un logement de maintien du coquillage, le dispositif d'ouverture étant porté par un levier articulé sur la structure de maintien.For this purpose, the present invention provides an apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs, comprising, on the one hand, a shell holding structure and, on the other hand, an opening device intended to be inserted between the shells of bivalve mollusk, the holding structure comprising a shell holding housing, the opening device being carried by a lever articulated on the holding structure.
Selon la présente invention, la structure de maintien est constituée d'une pince dont les deux branches sont articulées l'une sur l'autre, le levier portant le dispositif d'ouverture étant articulé sur Tune des deux branches de la pince.According to the present invention, the holding structure consists of a clamp, the two branches of which are articulated one on the other, the lever carrying the opening device being articulated on one of the two branches of the clamp.
De façon avantageuse, le logement du coquillage est ménagé entre deux parties de maintien formées chacune sur une des branches de la pince au voisinage de l'articulation entre les branches.Advantageously, the housing of the shell is formed between two holding parts each formed on one of the branches of the clamp in the vicinity of the articulation between the branches.
D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation donnée à titre illustratif, et faite en relation avec les dessins annexés sur lesquels :Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly from the following description of an embodiment given by way of illustration, and made in relation to the appended drawings in which:
- La Figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un appareil réalisé conformément à la présente invention;- Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus produced in accordance with the present invention;
- La Figure 2 représente une vue en perspective, prise sous un autre angle, de l'appareil de la Figure 1, prêt à être utilisé;- Figure 2 shows a perspective view, taken from another angle, of the device of Figure 1, ready to be used;
- La Figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un variante de réalisation de l'appareil de la Figure 1, en cours d'utilisation, et - Les Figures 4 et 5 représentent des vues schématiques de dessus des différentes étapes de l'ouverture d'un coquillage de mollusque bivalve.- Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1, in use, and - Figures 4 and 5 show schematic views from above of the different stages of opening of a bivalve mollusc shell.
- Les Figures 6 et 7 illustrent deux modes de réalisation d'une butée permettant, notamment, de limiter le mouvement angulaire du couteau. On a représenté sur la Figure 1 une vue en perspective d'un appareil pour ouvrir les coquillages de mollusques bivalves, réalisé selon la présente invention et spécialement (mais non limitativement) destiné à l'ouverture des huitres creuses. L'appareil comporte une structure de maintien du coquillage, désignée dans son ensemble par la référence A, et une structure d'ouverture du coquillage, désignée dans son ensemble par la référence B.- Figures 6 and 7 illustrate two embodiments of a stop allowing, in particular, to limit the angular movement of the knife. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs, produced according to the present invention and specially (but not limited to) intended for the opening of hollow oysters. The apparatus comprises a shell holding structure, generally designated by the reference A, and a shell opening structure, generally designated by the reference B.
La structure de maintien A comporte principalement un dispositif du type d'une pince, formée de deux branches rigides 10 etThe holding structure A mainly comprises a device of the type of a clamp, formed of two rigid branches 10 and
12, articulées l'une sur l'autre. Dans le mode de réalisation des12, articulated one on the other. In the embodiment of
Figures 1 et 2, les deux branches 10 et 12 sont articulées par l'intermédiaire d'une lame élastique, par exemple en acier à ressortFigures 1 and 2, the two branches 10 and 12 are articulated by means of an elastic blade, for example made of spring steel
14, fixée par exemple par rivetage aux extrémités des branches 10 et 12 pour les relier tout en les sollicitant dans le sens de l'ouverture de la pince. Dans le mode de réalisation de la Figure 3, les deux branches 10 et 12 sont montées à pivotement Tune sur l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un pivot. Un ressort en lame 18 peut être fixé par une extrémité à Tune des branches pour solliciter par son autre extrémité l'autre branche dans le sens de l'ouverture de la pince.14, fixed for example by riveting at the ends of the branches 10 and 12 to connect them while urging them in the direction of opening of the clamp. In the embodiment of Figure 3, the two branches 10 and 12 are pivotally mounted Tune on the other by means of a pivot. A leaf spring 18 can be fixed at one end to one of the arms to urge the other arm at its other end in the direction of opening of the clamp.
Toutefois, la pince peut également être réalisée de façon différente, par exemple, dans un matériau plastique thermo-moulable dont une partie en forme de voile assure la fonction de ressort.However, the clamp can also be produced in a different way, for example, in a heat-moldable plastic material of which a part in the form of a veil provides the spring function.
Les branches 10 et 12 comportent chacune, à l'extrémité opposée à l'articulation 14, une partie de préhension 20 et 22 respectivement, ces parties de préhension étant destinées à être serrées Tune vers l'autre par une main de l'utilisateur, et, au voisinage de l'articulation 14, une partie de maintien 30 et 32, respectivement, du coquillage, ce dernier étant désigné dans son ensemble par la référence C sur les Figures 2 à 5. A cet effet, la partie de maintien d'au moins Tune des branches de la pince, par exemple la partie 32 de la branche 12, est incurvée de façon à ménager un logement susceptible de recevoir le coquillage C, tandis que les parties de préhension sont suffisamment rapprochées pour pouvoir être saisies par une seule main de l'utilisateur lorsque le coquillage est en place dans le logement de la pince.The branches 10 and 12 each comprise, at the end opposite to the articulation 14, a gripping part 20 and 22 respectively, these gripping parts being intended to be tightened together by the hand of the user, and, in the vicinity of the articulation 14, a holding part 30 and 32, respectively, of the shell, the latter being designated as a whole by the reference C in FIGS. 2 to 5. For this purpose, the holding part of at least one of the branches of the clamp, for example the part 32 of the branch 12, is curved so as to provide a housing capable of receiving the shell C, while the gripping parts are sufficiently close together to be able be gripped by one hand of the user when the shell is in place in the clamp housing.
On pourra prévoir que la branche 12 comporte deux plis successifs 24 et 26 en sens opposé pour lui donner, la forme d'un S entre les parties 22 et 32, comme dans le mode de réalisation des Figures 1 et 2, ou que la branche 12 ne comporte qu'un seul pli 28 entre la partie 32 incurvée sensiblement en demi-cercle et la partie de préhension rectiligne 22, comme dans le mode de réalisation de la Figure 3.Provision may be made for the branch 12 to comprise two successive folds 24 and 26 in opposite directions to give it the shape of an S between the parts 22 and 32, as in the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, or that the branch 12 has only one fold 28 between the portion 32 curved substantially in a semicircle and the rectilinear grip portion 22, as in the embodiment of FIG. 3.
Les parties de maintien 30 et 32 comportent, de plus, des organes de retenue 34 du coquillage, réalisées, par exemple, en feutre, en caoutchouc dense, en élastomère résistant aux coupures et à l'usure, en bois résistant ou en métal strié. On utilisera, de préférence, trois organes de retenue tels que 34, de façon à assurer un maintien optimal du coquillage. Deux organes de retenue 34 sont alors fixés sur Tune des parties de maintien, par exemple la partie 32, et un seul organe de retenue 34 étant fixé sur l'autre branche qui comporte la structure d'ouverture B de manière à permettre l'action de cette structure.The holding parts 30 and 32 further comprise shell-retaining members 34, made, for example, of felt, of dense rubber, of elastomer resistant to cuts and wear, of resistant wood or of striated metal . Preferably, three retaining members such as 34 will be used, so as to ensure optimum retention of the shell. Two retaining members 34 are then fixed to one of the holding parts, for example the part 32, and a single retaining member 34 being fixed to the other branch which has the opening structure B so as to allow the action of this structure.
De préférence, les organes de retenue sont réalisés sous forme de patins de manière à être facilement échangés.Preferably, the retaining members are made in the form of pads so as to be easily exchanged.
La structure d'ouverture B du coquillage comporte un dispositif d'ouverture constitué d'un couteau 40, formé d'un manche 42 solidaire d'une lame pointue 44, et articulé sur une extrémité 52 d'un levier 50 dont l'autre extrémité 54 est elle-même articulée sur une des branches de la pince A. De façon plus précise, les articulations aux extrémités 52 et 54 du levier 50 sont, par exemple, de type à cardan, c'est à dire autorisant une liaison possédant au moins deux axes de rotation non parallèles. Une liaison du type à rotule, d'un type élastique ou de tout autre type peut, bien sûr, être envisagée.The opening structure B of the shell comprises an opening device consisting of a knife 40, formed of a handle 42 secured to a pointed blade 44, and articulated on one end 52 of a lever 50, the other end 54 of which is itself articulated on one of the branches of the clamp A. More precisely, the joints at the ends 52 and 54 of the lever 50 are, for example, of cardan type, that is ie authorizing a link having at least two non-parallel axes of rotation. A connection of the ball type, of an elastic type or of any other type can, of course, be envisaged.
Selon le mode de réalisation des Figures 1 et 2, l'extrémité 52 du levier 50 est solidaire d'une chape 56 libre en rotation autour de Taxe longitudinal I de l'extrémité 52 du levier 50, selon la double flèche 1 (Figure 1). Bien évidemment, le levier 50 peut affecter une forme rectiligne ou toute autre forme plus facile à réaliser. Une douille 58 est montée libre en rotation dans la chape 56 autour d'un axe II perpendiculaire à Taxe I, selon la double flèche 2 (Figure 1). Le couteau 40 est monté prisonnier de la douille 58, mais libre en rotation dans celle-ci, autour d'un axe III perpendiculaire à Taxe II, selon la double flèche 3 (Figure 1). Le couteau 40 peut, par exemple, comporter entre le manche 42 et la lame 44, une partie cylindrique reçue dans la douille 58, des bourrelets ou rebords aux extrémités de cette partie cylindrique empêchant cette dernière de quitter la douille 58.According to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the end 52 of the lever 50 is secured to a yoke 56 free to rotate around the longitudinal axis I of the end 52 of the lever 50, according to the double arrow 1 (Figure 1 ). Obviously, the lever 50 can have a rectilinear shape or any other shape that is easier to produce. A socket 58 is mounted to rotate freely in the yoke 56 about an axis II perpendicular to Tax I, according to the double arrow 2 (Figure 1). The knife 40 is mounted captive of the socket 58, but free to rotate in the latter, about an axis III perpendicular to Taxe II, according to the double arrow 3 (Figure 1). The knife 40 may, for example, comprise between the handle 42 and the blade 44, a cylindrical part received in the socket 58, beads or flanges at the ends of this cylindrical part preventing the latter from leaving the socket 58.
De même, l'extrémité 54 du levier 50 est reçue à pivotement dans une chape 60 autour d'un axe IV, selon la double flèche 4 (Figure 1). L'extrémité 54 est, par exemple, conformée en forme de T, les extrémités des branches du T étant maintenues prisonnières des branches de la chape 60, mais pouvant pivoter dans ces dernières. La chape 60 est montée à pivotement autour d'un axe V, selon la double flèche 5, sur une des branches de la pince A, par exemple la branche 10. La fixation et la position de la chape 60 seront celles, comme on l'aura compris, qui procurent la meilleure pénétration au couteau 44, c'est à dire une pénétration la plus perpendiculaire possible par rapport au bord de l'huître.Similarly, the end 54 of the lever 50 is pivotally received in a yoke 60 around an axis IV, according to the double arrow 4 (Figure 1). The end 54 is, for example, shaped like a T, the ends of the branches of the T being held captive of the branches of the yoke 60, but being able to pivot in the latter. The clevis 60 is pivotally mounted around an axis V, along the double arrow 5, on one of the branches of the clamp A, for example the branch 10. The fixing and the position of the clevis 60 will be those, as shown in FIG. 'aura understood, which provide the best penetration with a knife 44, that is to say a penetration as perpendicular as possible to the edge of the oyster.
En variante, on pourra prévoir, comme on Ta représenté sur la Figure 3, que la douille 58 soit solidaire d'une chape 56', elle-même montée pivotante autour de Taxe IT à l'extrémité du levier 50'. Ce dernier peut comporter une extrémité en forme de T, les branches du T s'étendant dans la direction de Taxe IT et étant reçues à pivotement dans les branches de la chape 56'. L'autre extrémité du levier 50' est retenue prisonnière dans une chape 60', mais elle est montée à pivotement autour d'un axe T dans cette chape 60'. La chape 60' est montée à pivotement autour d'un axe V sur un bras d'une équerre 62, dont l'autre bras est monté à pivotement autour d'un axe IV, avantageusement confondu avec Taxe du pivot d'articulation des branches 10 et 12 de la pince A.As a variant, provision could be made, as shown in FIG. 3, for the socket 58 to be secured to a yoke 56 ', itself pivotally mounted around Tax IT at the end of the lever 50'. The latter may include a T-shaped end, the branches of the T extending in the direction of Tax IT and being pivotally received in the branches of the yoke 56 '. The other end of the lever 50 'is held captive in a yoke 60', but it is pivotally mounted around an axis T in this yoke 60 '. The yoke 60 'is pivotally mounted around an axis V on an arm of a bracket 62, the other arm of which is pivotally mounted around an axis IV, advantageously confused with Tax of the pivot for articulation of the branches 10 and 12 of clamp A.
Le fonctionnement, ou l'utilisation, de l'appareil qui vient d'être décrit, se déduit aisément des explications qui précèdent. L'appareil étant tenu par les parties de préhension 20 et 22 dans une main de l'utilisateur, ce dernier dispose avec son autre main le coquillage C dans le logement prévu à cet effet entre les parties de maintien 30 et 32 des branches 10 et 12, en disposant le coquillage avec sa charnière D située à l'opposée de l'articulation 14, de telle manière que le muscle adducteur P du mollusque, dont la position à l'intérieur du coquillage est connue par rapport à la charnière D entre les deux coquilles, soit situé du côté du couteau 40. Ainsi, dans le cas de l'ouverture d'une huître à l'aide d'une pince prévue pour être maniée par un utilisateur droitier (ainsi qu'on Ta représentée sur les différentes Figures), la charnière D du coquillage C doit être située du côté ouvert de la pince A, c'est à dire du côté le plus éloigné de l'articulation 14. L'utilisateur peut alors serrer les parties 20 et 22 Tune contre l'autre pour que les organes de retenue 34 maintiennent fermement en place le coquillage C.The operation, or the use, of the device which has just been described, is easily deduced from the foregoing explanations. The device being held by the gripping parts 20 and 22 in one hand of the user, the latter disposes with his other hand the shell C in the housing provided for this purpose between the holding parts 30 and 32 of the arms 10 and 12, by arranging the shell with its hinge D situated opposite the articulation 14, in such a way that the adductor muscle P of the mollusk, the position of which inside the shell is known with respect to the hinge D between the two shells, either located on the side of the knife 40. Thus, in the case of the opening of an oyster using a clamp intended to be handled by a right-handed user (as shown in Ta on different Figures), the hinge D of the shell C must be located on the open side of the clamp A, that is to say on the side furthest from the joint 14. The user can then tighten the parts 20 and 22 one against the other so that the retaining members 34 hold the shell C firmly in place.
L'utilisateur peut alors saisir de sa main libre le manche 42 du couteau 40, et positionner l'extrémité pointue de la lame 44 à la jointure entre les deux coquilles du coquillage C. L'appareil est alors dans la position représentée sur la Figure 2. L'utilisateur peut alors exercer une poussée sur le manche 42 du couteau, en direction du coquillage C, selon la flèche 6 sur la Figure 4, grâce aux articulations autour des axes II et IV ou IT et IV, tout en imprimant simultanément au couteau des rotations alternatives de faible amplitude autour de son axe III ou HT, selon la double flèche 3 sur la Figure 4.The user can then grasp with his free hand the handle 42 of the knife 40, and position the pointed end of the blade 44 at the joint between the two shells of the shell C. The device is then in the position shown in the Figure 2. The user can then exert a push on the handle 42 of the knife, in the direction of the seashell C, according to arrow 6 in FIG. 4, thanks to the articulations around axes II and IV or IT and IV, while simultaneously printing with a knife alternative rotations of small amplitude around its axis III or HT, according to the double arrow 3 in Figure 4.
L'extrémité de la lame pointue 44 s'insinue alors entre les deux coquilles du coquillage C. L'utilisateur imprime alors au couteau une rotation autour de Taxe II ou IT, dans le sens de la flèche 2A (Figure 4), puis dans le sens de la flèche 2B (Figure 5). Au cours du mouvement suivant la flèche 2B, la lame 44 du couteau est amenée à rencontrer le muscle adducteur P du mollusque, muscle qui sera alors sectionné. Une butée 64 détermine une limitation angulaire du mouvement du couteau 44 dans sa chape lorsqu'il est sollicité dans le sens de la flèche 2A.The end of the pointed blade 44 then creeps between the two shells of the shell C. The user then prints with a knife around Taxe II or IT, in the direction of arrow 2A (Figure 4), then in the direction of arrow 2B (Figure 5). During the movement according to arrow 2B, the blade 44 of the knife is brought to meet the adductor muscle P of the mollusk, which muscle will then be cut. A stop 64 determines an angular limitation of the movement of the knife 44 in its yoke when it is biased in the direction of the arrow 2A.
L'utilisateur n'a alors plus qu'à faire tourner le couteau selon la flèche 3, de façon à soulever la coquille supérieure formant couvercle qui tourne autour de la charnière D. L'utilisateur peut alors lâcher le couteau, saisir Thuître baillante, poser l'appareil, arracher le couvercle pour le détacher de l'autre coquille contenant le mollusque proprement dit comme il l'aurait fait sans l'appareil, jeter le couvercle, et disposer Thuître sur un plat de service. Il est à noter que si Ton ménage une butée 64 (Figure 6) ou 64' (Figure 7), ou tout autre dispositif limitant la course du couteau 42 dans le sens de la flèche 2A (Figure 4), l'effort de basculement sur le manche du couteau engendre un couple qui tend à faire pénétrer le couteau sans que l'opérateur ait à exercer un effort axial notable.The user then only has to rotate the knife according to arrow 3, so as to raise the upper shell forming a cover which rotates around the hinge D. The user can then drop the knife, grasp the yawning oyster, put the appliance down, tear off the lid to detach it from the other shell containing the mollusk proper as it would have done without the appliance, throw the lid off, and place the oyster on a serving dish. Note that if you clean a stop 64 (Figure 6) or 64 '(Figure 7), or any other device limiting the stroke of the knife 42 in the direction of the arrow 2A (Figure 4), the tilting force on the handle of the knife generates a torque which tends to make the knife penetrate without the operator having to exert a significant axial force.
On voit donc gue, jrâce à l'invention, sur le plan de la sécurité d'emploi, si la lame 44 du couteau dérape sur Tune des coquilles lorsque l'utilisateur cherche à l'insérer entre les deux coquilles, l'extrémité pointue de cette lame 44 ne pourra pas atteindre l'autre main de l'utilisateur, gui maintient serrées les parties 20 et 22 Tune vers l'autre. L'utilisateur, même inexpérimenté dans l'ouverture des coquillages, peut donc procéder à cette ouverture en toute sécurité, le maniement de l'appareil étant, de plus, particulièrement simple. La conception de l'appareil est également simple, ce qui en garantit la fiabilité et le faible coût.It is therefore seen that, thanks to the invention, in terms of job security, if the blade 44 of the knife slips on one of the shells when the user seeks to insert it between the two shells, the pointed end of this blade 44 will not be able to reach the other hand of the user, which keeps the parts 20 and 22 Tune towards each other tight. The user, even inexperienced in opening the shells, can therefore proceed to this opening in complete safety, the handling of the device being, moreover, particularly simple. The design of the device is also simple, which guarantees reliability and low cost.
De plus, Taj>pareil selon la présente invention peut très facilement être adapté de façon à être manié par un utilisateur gaucher. Selon le mode de réalisation de la Fijure 3, cette adaptation est réalisée très simplement en faisant tourner le couteau 40 autour des différents axes T à V , et en repositionant chape et organes de retenue.In addition, Taj> similar according to the present invention can very easily be adapted so as to be handled by a left-handed user. According to the embodiment of Fijure 3, this adaptation is carried out very simply by rotating the knife 40 around the different axes T to V, and by repositioning the yoke and retaining members.
Selon le mode de réalisation des Figures 1 et 2, l'adaptation est également très simple à réaliser. Il suffit en effet de prévoir que la chape 60 soit fixée de façon amovible sur la branche 10, par exemple par un système de vis/écrou traversant une ouverture pratiquée dans la branche 10, et de prévoir sur la branche 12 une ouverture éventuellement symétrique par rapport à l'articulation 14 ou, si possible, dans le pli 28 de la branche 12. La chape 60 pourra ainsi être fixée indifféremment sur Tune ou l'autre des branches 10 ou 12 de la pince A. Adaptée de cette façon pour un utilisateur gaucher et dans le cas de l'ouverture d'une huître, la charnière D de cette' dernière devra alors être située du côté approprié.According to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the adaptation is also very simple to perform. It suffices in fact to provide that the yoke 60 is removably fixed on the branch 10, for example by a screw / nut system passing through an opening made in the branch 10, and to provide on the branch 12 a possibly symmetrical opening by relative to the joint 14 or, if possible, in the fold 28 of the branch 12. The yoke 60 may thus be fixed indifferently on one or other of the branches 10 or 12 of the clamp A. Adapted in this way for a left-handed user and in the case of the opening of an oyster, the hinge D of the latter must then be located on the appropriate side.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, mais elle est susceptible de recevoir de nombreuses modifications qui apparaîtront à l'homme du métier, et qui rentrent dans le cadre de l'invention. C'est ainsi, par exemple, que l'appareil suivant la présente invention pourra facilement être adapté pour l'ouverture de tous coquillages de mollusques bivalves, tels que les huîtres plates, les praires, les palourdes ou les moules. Pour ces dernières, on pourra prévoir une butée entre les deux branches 10 et 12 de la pince A, réglable en fonction de la taille de la moule, pour éviter d'en briser les coquilles, relativement fragiles. De même, on pourra prévoir qu'une ou les deux articulations aux extrémités du levier 50 ou 50' soient du type à rotule. Les branches 10 et 12 de la pince A pourront également être symétriques par rapport à un plan médian de la pince, chaque branche étant incurvée de la même manière pour former un demi-logement pour le coquillage. Une telle disposition présente l'avantage que les branches ainsi fabriquées sont identiques, mise à part la disposition des organes de retenue 34, d'où il résulte un coût de fabrication réduit. En outre, cette disposition favorise la conversion de l'appareil pour les gauchers.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described, but it is capable of receiving numerous modifications which will appear to a person skilled in the art, and which fall within the scope of the invention. . Thus, for example, the device according to the present invention can easily be adapted for the opening of all bivalve mollusk shells, such as flat oysters, meadows, clams or mussels. For the latter, a stop may be provided between the two arms 10 and 12 of the clamp A, adjustable as a function of the size of the mold, to avoid breaking the relatively fragile shells. Likewise, provision may be made for one or both joints at the ends of the lever 50 or 50 ′ to be of the ball-and-socket type. The branches 10 and 12 of the clamp A may also be symmetrical with respect to a median plane of the clamp, each branch being curved in the same way to form a half-housing for the shell. Such an arrangement has the advantage that the branches thus produced are identical, apart from the arrangement of the retaining members 34, which results in a reduced manufacturing cost. In addition, this arrangement promotes the conversion of the device for left-handers.
Il est également possible d'adapter l'appareil pour former une pince en X par déplacement du point d'articulation. It is also possible to adapt the device to form an X-shaped clamp by moving the point of articulation.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages (C) de mollusques bivalves, comportant, d'une part, une structure de maintien (A) du coquillage (C) et, d'autre part, un dispositif d'ouverture (40) destiné à être inséré entre les coquilles du mollusque bivalve, la structure de maintien (A) comportant un logement (30, 32, 34) de maintien du coquillage (C), le dispositif d'ouverture (40) étant porté par un levier (50, 50') articulé sur la structure de maintien (A), caractérisé en ce que la structure de maintien (A) est constituée d'une pince (A) dont les deux branches (10, 12) sont articulées (14) Tune sur l'autre, le levier (50, 50') portant le dispositif d'ouverture (40) étant articulé sur Tune des deux branches (10, 12).1 - Apparatus for opening shells (C) of bivalve molluscs, comprising, on the one hand, a holding structure (A) of the shell (C) and, on the other hand, an opening device (40) intended to be inserted between the shells of the bivalve mollusk, the holding structure (A) comprising a housing (30, 32, 34) for holding the shell (C), the opening device (40) being carried by a lever ( 50, 50 ') articulated on the holding structure (A), characterized in that the holding structure (A) consists of a clamp (A) whose two arms (10, 12) are articulated (14) Tune on the other, the lever (50, 50 ') carrying the opening device (40) being articulated on one of the two branches (10, 12).
2 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'ouverture (40) est articulé sur le dit levier (50, 50').2 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening device (40) is articulated on said lever (50, 50 ').
3 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le logement (30, 32, 34) du coquillage (C) est ménagé entre deux parties de maintien (30, 32) formées chacune sur une des branches (10, 12) de la pince (A) au voisinage de l'articulation (14) entre les branches (10, 12).3 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (30, 32, 34) of the shell (C) is formed between two holding parts (30, 32) each formed on one of the branches (10, 12) of the clamp (A) in the vicinity of the joint (14) between the branches (10, 12).
4 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que au moins une des parties de maintien (30, 32) est incurvée. 5 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque partie de maintien (30, 32) comporte au moins un organe de retenue (34) du coquillage (C).4 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the holding parts (30, 32) is curved. 5 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 4, characterized in that each holding part (30, 32) comprises at least one retaining member (34) of the shell (C).
6 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de retenue (34) est réalisé dans un matériau choisi parmi le feutre, le caoutchouc dense, Télastomère, le bois ou le métal.6 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 5, characterized in that the retaining member (34) is made of a material chosen from felt, dense rubber, Telastomer, wood or metal.
7 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le levier (50, 50') est articulé sur une des branches (10, 12) par une articulation de type à cardan ou à rotule.7 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (50, 50 ') is articulated on one of the branches (10, 12) by a hinge of cardan or ball type.
8 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'ouverture (40) est articulé sur le levier (50, 50') par une articulation de type à cardan.8 - Apparatus for opening shells according to claim 2, characterized in that the opening device (40) is articulated on the lever (50, 50 ') by a hinge of cardan type.
9 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon Tune des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les branches (10, 12) de la pince (A) sont articulées par l'intermédiaire d'une lame élastique (14) fixée aux extrémités des branches (10, 12) pour les relier tout en les sollicitant dans le sens de l'ouverture de la pince (A).9 - Apparatus for opening shells according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the branches (10, 12) of the clamp (A) are articulated by means of an elastic blade (14) fixed to the ends of the branches (10, 12) to connect them while urging them in the direction of opening of the clamp (A).
10 - Appareil pour l'ouverture des coquillages selon Tune des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les branches (10, 12) de la pince (A) sont montées à pivotement Tune sur l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un pivot, autour duquel pivote l'articulation (60') du levier (50'). 10 - Apparatus for opening shells according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the legs (10, 12) of the clamp (A) are pivotally mounted Tune on the other by means of a pivot, around which the articulation (60 ') of the lever (50') pivots.
PCT/FR1996/001946 1995-12-08 1996-12-05 Apparatus for opening the shells of bivalve molluscs WO1997021371A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9514534A FR2742033B1 (en) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 APPARATUS FOR OPENING SHELLS OF BIVALVE MOLLUSCS
FR95/14534 1995-12-08

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WO1997021371A1 true WO1997021371A1 (en) 1997-06-19

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FR (1) FR2742033B1 (en)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002527727A (en) * 1998-10-13 2002-08-27 アリーナ・フアーマシユーチカルズ・インコーポレーテツド Methods for identifying modulators of cell surface membrane receptors useful for treating disease

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2827750B1 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-09-26 Jean Marie Mantelle THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LEFT-RIGHT-HANDED MOLLUSK OPENER

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE361077A (en) *
FR822586A (en) * 1936-11-12 1938-01-04 Automatic device applicable in particular to opening oysters or molluscs, etc.
US2691794A (en) * 1954-01-28 1954-10-19 Alexander H Gonyea Clam opener

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE361077A (en) *
FR822586A (en) * 1936-11-12 1938-01-04 Automatic device applicable in particular to opening oysters or molluscs, etc.
US2691794A (en) * 1954-01-28 1954-10-19 Alexander H Gonyea Clam opener

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002527727A (en) * 1998-10-13 2002-08-27 アリーナ・フアーマシユーチカルズ・インコーポレーテツド Methods for identifying modulators of cell surface membrane receptors useful for treating disease
JP4685241B2 (en) * 1998-10-13 2011-05-18 アリーナ ファーマシューティカルズ， インコーポレイテッド Methods for identifying modulators of cell surface membrane receptors useful in the treatment of disease

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2742033B1 (en) 1998-01-16
FR2742033A1 (en) 1997-06-13

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