WO1997018542A1 - Systeme de surveillance d'une piscine pour la prevention des noyades - Google Patents
Systeme de surveillance d'une piscine pour la prevention des noyades Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997018542A1 WO1997018542A1 PCT/FR1996/001789 FR9601789W WO9718542A1 WO 1997018542 A1 WO1997018542 A1 WO 1997018542A1 FR 9601789 W FR9601789 W FR 9601789W WO 9718542 A1 WO9718542 A1 WO 9718542A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- images
- pool
- swimming pool
- detection means
- water
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/08—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to the presence of persons in a body of water, e.g. a swimming pool; responsive to an abnormal condition of a body of water
- G08B21/082—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to the presence of persons in a body of water, e.g. a swimming pool; responsive to an abnormal condition of a body of water by monitoring electrical characteristics of the water
Definitions
- the invention relates to a swimming pool monitoring system for the prevention of drowning.
- monitoring of swimming pools is either non-existent, or carried out by human monitoring.
- Such supervision is a difficult task requiring sustained attention and causing nervous fatigue on the part of people, especially lifeguards, to whom it is incumbent.
- the monitoring of swimming pools is made very delicate due to the reflection of light at surface of the agitated water, a phenomenon which makes it difficult to visually locate an immobile body, a few meters deep.
- the problem of monitoring swimming pools arises especially for swimming pools open to the public.
- the risk of drowning in a swimming pool mainly comes from either the fact that a swimmer does not know how to swim sufficiently, for example in the case of a young child, or in the fact that a swimmer becomes ill.
- the lifeguard or people close to the troubled swimmer, have their attention drawn to the swimmer himself, in particular due to the agitation of his arms when he tries to stay surface ; on the other hand, in the second case, there is loss of consciousness of the swimmer without the attention of the supervision or the environment being drawn.
- the bather has a reflex exercise of the respiratory movement and, in this case, his lungs fill with water, which leads to immediate loss of consciousness; or a reflex apnea occurs and a certain volume of air remains blocked in the lungs.
- the injured bather sinks to the bottom but, more rarely, it sometimes floats unconsciously in a characteristic position just below the surface of the water.
- this device there is at least one transceiver sonar on the bottom of the pool and we monitor a horizontal section with this device.
- a transceiver sonar on the bottom of the pool and we monitor a horizontal section with this device.
- cables must necessarily be passed through the bottom of the pool and below from this bottom, which entails a completely prohibitive cost when the swimming pool is already built.
- safety rules prohibit putting voltages higher than 12 or 24 volts, depending on the country, near the water of a gold swimming pool, to generate the pulses of the sonar, it is necessary to use voltages of several hundred volts.
- the signal obtained with a sonar incorporates the echoes provided by the pool walls and it is extremely difficult to eliminate the noise signal thus obtained in order to be able to detect the signal corresponding to the submerged body of a drowned person.
- the sonar essentially makes it possible to locate the body of a drowned person by the volume of air which it contains, if an accident victim has the lungs filled with water, the signal obtained will not at all conform to that which the 'we have the right to wait and may, even, not be spotted by signal processing. It can therefore be seen that such a system is not likely to be satisfactory.
- the object of the invention is to provide a system for monitoring a swimming pool, which makes it possible to set off an alarm automatically warning the supervisors within a reduced period, when the behavior of a swimmer indicates a risk of drowning.
- a system must make it possible to detect the beginning of drowning, but it is desirable to avoid untimely triggers by correctly analyzing the behavior of swimmers, in particular to avoid a misinterpretation relating to the movement of a swimmer voluntarily performing a dive and / or an immersion trip.
- the invention also aims to describe such a device that can be implemented without excessive costs in an already built swimming pool.
- the object of the invention is also to describe such a device, which is out of the reach of users of the swimming pool and which satisfies all the security constraints.
- the object of the invention is finally to describe such a device which is capable of easy maintenance and servicing which does not require the emptying of the swimming pool.
- a swimming pool monitoring system for the prevention of drowning, is characterized by the fact that it comprises: - detection means capable of giving, in the form of electrical signals, images of the bodies immersed in pool water, these detection means being provided on the walls of the pool in places judiciously distributed to sweep at least a fraction of the volume of pool water; - means for digitizing the electrical signals obtained; means for compressing the digital data obtained by the aforementioned digitizing means;
- - means of estimating the nature of a body (human body or not), the trajectory and changes in attitude of the body according to these successive images; - and decision means capable of triggering alarm means in the event of a suspicious trajectory or movement of the body observed.
- each detection means comprises at least one video camera arranged in a sealed compartment carried by a side wall of the swimming pool, between the surface of the water of the swimming pool during operation and the bottom of said swimming pool; the watertight compartment being below the surface of the water, provision can be made for an anti-humidity module to be arranged inside said watertight compartment.
- the submerged sealed compartment comprises two video cameras, the conical fields of view of which each have an opening angle substantially equal to or slightly greater than 90 ° and the axes of which are substantially orthogonal in a substantially horizontal plane.
- means are used for multiplexing the electrical signals coming from the detection means, these multiplexing means supplying the digitization means; said digitizing means and the means for compressing digital data are advantageously constituted by a card for digitizing and compressing video images placed in a microcomputer in "multimedia" configuration.
- the means of temporary and permanent storage of digital image data at successive instants, the means of comparison between the digitized images of the same body at successive instants, the means of estimating the trajectory and changes in attitude of a body and the decision-making means consist of the components of a microcomputer, in particular memory elements and central processing unit of this microcomputer, into which appropriate software has been loaded to enable it to perform the indicated operations.
- the digitizing means make it possible to digitize 25 images per second, these images being supplied by the detection means via the multiplexing means.
- the means for comparing the digitized images between successive instants are suitable for taking into account only shapes, the dimensions of which correspond at least to those of a child, in order to eliminate nuisance alarms which may be caused by foreign bodies.
- These comparison means are, moreover, arranged to isolate a shape and follow its trajectory at successive instants.
- the estimation means are suitable for determining, from the results of the comparison means, the slow nature of a movement and / or the immobility of a human body in the swimming pool.
- the decision-making means are suitable for setting off an alarm if the slow nature of the movement or the quasi-immobility of the body in the swimming pool extends beyond a determined time, in particular beyond 15 seconds.
- the images which were used for the analyzes which led to the triggering of an alarm are recorded on the hard disk of the microcomputer so that they can be consulted at any time.
- one or more control screens are arranged near the seats of the lifeguards or in the premises of those responsible for monitoring the pool, screens on which are displayed the images of an area considered to be suspect.
- the alarm can be given by an audible and / or visual alarm, in particular with indication of the zone of the swimming pool in which a suspicious event occurs.
- the detection means are each arranged in a sealed enclosure with respect to the pool water, one wall of which consists of a globe comprising zones, through which the information capable of giving the information is acquired. images of the bodies immersed in the water of the swimming pool, and of which another wall is leaktightly crossed by cables transporting to the outside of the swimming pool the signals supplied by the detection means.
- the wall which is traversed by the cables, can be equipped with a first removable waterproof connector connected to the first end of a waterproof sheath, the other end of which is connected to a second waterproof connector fixed to the bottom of a housing, which crosses watertightly the side wall of the swimming pool. It is preferably provided that the interior of the housing is in communication with the pool water and that the waterproof sheath is coiled in the housing so as to have a length at least equal to that which allows the enclosure to be removed. out of the pool water without dismantling the waterproof fitting fixed on the bottom of the housing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a swimming pool equipped with the detection means of the monitoring system according to the invention
- - Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the swimming pool illustrating the fields of vision of the detection means which scan the entire volume of water in the swimming pool;
- FIG. 3 is an elevational view of a submerged globe containing a detection means of the monitoring system according to the invention
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 3;
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of detail A of Figure 4; - Figure 6 is a sectional view along line VI-VI of Figure 4; - Figure 7 is an enlarged view of detail B of Figure 6
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the globe of Figure 3 - Figure 9 is a simplified block diagram of the monitoring system.
- the monitoring system of a swimming pool P comprises detection means D I, D2, D3 provided on the walls of the swimming pool in places judiciously distributed to scan the entire volume of the swimming pool.
- the three detection means DI, D2, D3 are arranged, in the same horizontal plane, for example at a level of about 1.50 m below the level of the water in the swimming pool. exploitation.
- the detection means DI, D2, D3 are arranged so that their fields of vision partially overlap so as to leave no dead zone and sweep almost the entire volume of the pool. An element or a body located in the swimming pool will therefore be seen by at least two detection means DI, D2, D3.
- These detection means are capable of giving, in the form of electrical signals, images of bodies immersed in the pool water.
- the detection means DI, D2, D3 are all identical and one of them, DI, will be described below in detail.
- the means DI comprises two video cameras 1 and 2, preferably electronic cameras of the "CCD" type.
- the axes of the two cameras form an angle of 90 ° between them and are symmetrical with respect to a plane pe ⁇ endicular to the wall of the pool passing through the axis of the detection means.
- the opening angle of the field of vision of each of the cameras 1 and 2 is greater than 90 ° and one of the edges of the field approximately coincides (plan view) with the swimming pool wall, which carries the detector, so that, for all of the two cameras, the field of vision (seen in plan) is 180 ° with a central zone a, ⁇ , y respectively for the detection means DI, D2, D3 where there is an overlap of the fields of the two cameras.
- the detection means D2 is carried by the transverse wall 100 of the swimming pool P, which is adjacent to the large bath, at a point B of said wall 100 situated in the median longitudinal plane of the swimming pool, while the detection means DI and D3 are carried at A and C by the two longitudinal walls 101, 102 of the swimming pool, directly above the inclined bottom zone 103, which connects the small bath and the large bath, the points A and C being in the vicinity of the median transverse plane of the swimming pool P.
- the observation cones of the two cameras of each detection means by designating by al, a2 the cones of the cameras of the detection means DI, by bl, b2 those of the detection means D2 and by cl, c2 those of the detection means D3. It can therefore be seen that most of the areas of the swimming pool are covered several times by the detection means: surveillance is by volume since each camera has an observation cone, whereas. in the state of the art WO 95/34056, it was only possible to monitor a section of water near the bottom. However, there are above and below each means of detection areas of water which are only covered twice.
- each camera encroaches by a small angle ⁇ on the swimming pool wall with which said camera is associated, which reduces the dead zones not covered by the observation of the cameras.
- the cameras 1 and 2 are arranged in a globe 3, closed in a sealed manner and carried, as indicated below, by the wall 4 of the swimming pool.
- This wall 4 is traversed by a cylindrical conduit 5, in which is housed a cylindrical housing 7 containing a tubular sheath 8 where the electrical cables 8a for connecting the cameras 1 and 2 to the microcomputer 9 for managing the monitoring system are disposed. the swimming pool.
- the sheath 8 is wound in a helix along the wall of the housing 7 and its ends are secured, by watertight connections 20 and 24, respectively with the bottom 7a of the housing 7 and with a bell 23 associated with a compartment 21, which will be defined below.
- the compartment 21 is waterproof; the bell 23 seals tightly on the compartment 21; the interior of the bell 23 is connected with the exterior of the housing 7 by the sheath 8.
- the two cameras 1 and 2 are oriented approximately 90 ° from each other, and their axes are substantially in a horizontal plane.
- the globe 3 is rounded to avoid any injury for a swimmer coming into contact with said globe.
- the globe 3 is molded from cast aluminum; in front of cameras 1 and 2, it has two circular orifices in which two lenses 1a, 2a are embedded, which cooperate with the objectives of the two cameras 1, 2 respectively, to constitute "objective assemblies"; the border of each lens forms a collar stuck in a circular recess of the globe.
- the lenses are made of a glass of high hardness to avoid any risk of deterioration; the design of the lenses la, 2a makes it possible to adapt the optical characteristics of the "objective assemblies" to the needs of the system.
- the conduit 5, which passes through the side wall 4 of the swimming pool, is produced by coring; the cylindrical housing 7 is placed there, the centering being carried out by two O-rings 90, 91.
- the seal 91 located on the swimming pool side has two holes, one in the vicinity of the low point and the other in the vicinity of the high point.
- a polymerizable resin is injected through the lower hole to form a gasket 6 between the conduit 5 and the housing 7. After polymerization, the front face of the gasket 6 is terminated, on the swimming pool side, by fitting a silicone seal 6a.
- the housing 7 is intended to be filled with water from the swimming pool.
- the cameras 1 and 2 are housed in the sealed compartment 21, one of the faces on the swimming pool side being formed by the globe 3 while the other face, on the bottom side 7a, is defined by a cylindrical bowl 21 a, of which the free edge carries a peripheral flange 21b.
- the globe 3 is fixed to the flange 21b by means of screws, which cooperate with threaded bushings placed in bores provided in the thickness of the base 3a of the globe 3.
- the screwing of said screws causes the compression of an annular seal 3b which seals the assembly.
- the bottom 2 the of the bowl 21 a carries an electronic card 92 to which the output wires of the cameras 1 and 2 are connected.
- the output of the said electronic card passes through the bottom 21c in a sealed manner which, on its external face, carries a female connector 93.
- the bottom 21c carries, in addition, two valve fittings 94, 95 intended to cooperate with a nitrogen supply pipe, on the one hand, and with a vent pipe, somewhere else. It is thus possible, when the compartment 21 has been closed by assembling the globe 3 and the cuvette 21a, place the interior of the compartment under dry nitrogen to avoid oxidation, improve the service life of CCD cameras and prevent any problem of fogging; as soon as the pipes are disconnected, the valves of the fittings 94, 95 isolate the inside of the compartment 21 from the outside.
- the housing 7 comprises three peripheral bosses 7b projecting towards the axis of the housing 7; in these bosses are inserted threaded sockets, which cooperate with screws 25; the heads of the screws 25 are supported on the peripheral rim 3c of the globe 3.
- the bottom of the bell 23 carries a tight fitting 24 which secures the sheath 8 on the bell 23.
- the electrical cables 8a are threaded into the sheath 8 before fixing the bell 23 on the bottom 21c of the bowl 21a and the cables 8a protrude behind the bottom 7a of the housing 7, the seal at the level of the crossing of the bottom 7a being ensured by the waterproof connection 20.
- a length of waterproof sheath 8 is provided which is sufficient for the 'enclosure (3, 21, 21a, 23) can be detached from the pool wall and reassembled on the edge of the pool for maintenance, repair or replacement. Together with cables 8a.
- a waiting thread is threaded into the sheath, for example a nylon thread, which known, plays the role of a "needle” intended to allow the introduction of a cable, complementary or replacement, in the sheath 8 without it being necessary to disconnect the connector 20 and therefore to empty the pool: It suffices, in fact, to hook the new cable and a new "needle" to the nylon thread behind the bottom 7a, to put the enclosure out of water (3, 21, 21a, 23), to dismantle the bell 23.
- the same set of screws 25 can be used to maintain a sealing cap (not shown) of the housing 7 when the compartment (3, 21, 2 la) has been removed, the bell 23 having, beforehand, been tightly fixed on that of the faces of said cover, which is on the housing side.
- an anti-humidity module (not shown).
- the cables 8a which pass through the housing 7, are coaxial cables connected, by means of multiplexing means 10a, to a microcomputer 9, for example of the "IBM compatible" type, organized around a microprocessor PENTIUM on each cable 8a, a direct voltage is established for the supply of the corresponding camera 1, 2 and said camera sends on the " - cable 8a a modulation which constitutes the signal to be processed.
- a microcomputer 9 for example of the "IBM compatible" type, organized around a microprocessor PENTIUM on each cable 8a, a direct voltage is established for the supply of the corresponding camera 1, 2 and said camera sends on the " - cable 8a a modulation which constitutes the signal to be processed.
- the separation of the DC component is ensured by means of demodulation which supply only on the multiplexing means the signal emanating from the "CCD" type camera.
- the microcomputer 9 comprises a central processing unit 13, temporary storage means, or random access memory ia, permanent storage means, or hard disk l lb, and a remote control card 14 capable of controlling warning means 15 or valves 16; by ai They are connected to a control screen E, said screen being a touch screen allowing a operation control.
- the microcomputer 9 is in a "multimedia" configuration and is equipped with a video acquisition card 10 constituting means for digitizing the electrical signals supplied by the detection means DI, D2, D3, and means for compressing the data. digital image.
- the images, in the form of electrical signals, are received, by the demodulation means and the multiplexing means designated by 10a as a whole, at a rate of 25 images per second, by the video acquisition card 10, which transforms them into digital images.
- Storage means 1 1 for digital image data at successive times t, (t + 1), etc. are provided. These storage means 1 1 are constituted by memory means of the microcomputer 9, in particular internal RAM means 1 a and the hard disk 1 lb of the computer. Means of comparison 12 between digitized images of the same body at successive instants t and (t + 1) are provided. The comparison means 12 are formed by the central processing unit 13 of the computer and appropriate software stored in an area of the internal random access memory 11 a.
- the time interval Dt between two instants t and (t -f- 1) taken into account is sufficient so that in the case of a normal movement of a swimmer, the differences between the two successive images reflect such a movement; the time interval Dt is however as short as possible so that an alert is triggered without delay in the event of a suspicious situation.
- This interval Dt can be of the order of a few tenths of a second.
- the comparison means calculate, between two times t and (t + 1), the differences between two matrices of successive images from the same camera.
- the comparison means thus make it possible to obtain the zones of change between two images at successive instants, that is to say the zones of movement between the two instants considered.
- the central processing unit 13 combined with appropriate software constitutes, in addition, means for estimating the nature of a body, the image of which is obtained (human body or not), the trajectory and changes in attitude of this body.
- the central unit 13 and the software are, moreover, intended to constitute decision means capable of triggering an alarm in the event of a suspicious trajectory or movement of the body observed.
- the software enabling the computer 9 and its central unit 13 to perform the functions mentioned above can correspond to various algorithms.
- a correction is made on the shapes followed, in particular in terms of size. Indeed, we only consider shapes having at least dimensions corresponding to those of a small child. We can thus discard images of inert objects, of small dimensions, and avoid nuisance alarms.
- a form followed FI .... Fn should ideally be able to disappear only by "the top", that is to say by leaving the lower zone of the swimming pool by going up, or by leaving the basin. If after a predetermined interval of time, advantageously approximately 15 seconds, the shape followed Fj has not changed suspicious behavior, that is to say if the immobility at the bottom or the slow vertical movement or even the immobility in the vicinity of the surface continued during these 15 seconds without resuming a non-passive trajectory, the alert is triggered by the computer 9.
- the latter advantageously comprises a remote control card 14 suitable for actuating various sound warning means or visuals.
- the computer can trigger a buzzer or buzzer 15, in particular worn on the belt of a lifeguard responsible for monitoring the pool.
- the area of the swimming pool where the event that triggered the alert occurred can be signaled on a liquid crystal screen, also worn by the lifeguard, in the form of an alphanumeric code, so that the lifeguard can intervene quickly in the right place.
- the computer 9, in the event of an alert cuts the valves 16 for evacuating water from the swimming pool, in order to eliminate any suction effect at the level of the water evacuation grids. located at the bottom of the pool. You can also have a fax sent automatically to an emergency medical service.
- the software used can control, by the microcomputer 9, the storage on hard disk l l b of the digitized images of the incident.
- images of the area where a suspicious movement takes place are displayed on at least one control screen E available to those responsible for surveillance.
- the monitoring system of the invention makes it possible to improve the safety of swimming pools.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002235766A CA2235766C (fr) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-13 | Systeme de surveillance d'une piscine pour la prevention des noyades |
AU75772/96A AU7577296A (en) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-13 | System for monitoring a swimming pool to prevent drowning accidents |
DK96938302T DK0861481T3 (da) | 1996-11-13 | 1996-11-13 | Svømmebassinovervågningssystem til forebyggelse af drukneulykker |
EP96938302A EP0861481B1 (fr) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-13 | Systeme de surveillance d'une piscine pour la prevention des noyades |
DE69603875T DE69603875T2 (de) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-13 | Schwimmbadüberwachungssystem zur verhütung von ertrinkensunfällen |
US09/068,514 US6133838A (en) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-13 | System for monitoring a swimming pool to prevent drowning accidents |
GR990402938T GR3031844T3 (en) | 1995-11-16 | 1999-11-16 | System for monitoring a swimming pool to prevent drowning accidents |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR95/13585 | 1995-11-16 | ||
FR9513585A FR2741369B3 (fr) | 1995-11-16 | 1995-11-16 | Systeme de surveillance sous-marine d'une piscine |
FR96/10442 | 1996-08-26 | ||
FR9610442A FR2741370B1 (fr) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-08-26 | Systeme de surveillance d'une piscine pour la prevention des noyades |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997018542A1 true WO1997018542A1 (fr) | 1997-05-22 |
WO1997018542B1 WO1997018542B1 (fr) | 1997-06-19 |
Family
ID=26232329
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1996/001789 WO1997018542A1 (fr) | 1995-11-16 | 1996-11-13 | Systeme de surveillance d'une piscine pour la prevention des noyades |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6133838A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0861481B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE183596T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU7577296A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2235766C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69603875T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2137733T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2741370B1 (fr) |
GR (1) | GR3031844T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997018542A1 (fr) |
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US20200394804A1 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-17 | Guard, Inc. | Analysis and deep learning modeling of sensor-based object detection data in bounded aquatic environments |
CN110569772B (zh) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-03-08 | 北京科技大学 | 一种泳池内人员状态检测方法 |
US10725438B1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2020-07-28 | 11114140 Canada Inc. | System and method for automated water operations for aquatic facilities using image-based machine learning |
US10831083B1 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-11-10 | Brian Rosser Rejniak | Underwater light and camera system |
US12008881B1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2024-06-11 | Swamcam LLC | Water safety device, system, and method |
EP4374354A1 (fr) | 2021-07-19 | 2024-05-29 | Maiguard AI Detection Systems Ltd | Système et procédé de détection de pré-noyade et de noyade |
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- 1996-08-26 FR FR9610442A patent/FR2741370B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 AT AT96938302T patent/ATE183596T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-13 CA CA002235766A patent/CA2235766C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-13 WO PCT/FR1996/001789 patent/WO1997018542A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-11-13 ES ES96938302T patent/ES2137733T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 DE DE69603875T patent/DE69603875T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 EP EP96938302A patent/EP0861481B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 US US09/068,514 patent/US6133838A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 AU AU75772/96A patent/AU7577296A/en not_active Abandoned
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1999
- 1999-11-16 GR GR990402938T patent/GR3031844T3/el unknown
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EP0261917A2 (fr) * | 1986-09-20 | 1988-03-30 | Sony Corporation | Détection de changements dans des données vidéo |
GB2254215A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1992-09-30 | Morag Cameron Mackinnon | Video camera for swimming pool |
WO1995034056A1 (fr) * | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-14 | Edouard Menoud | Dispositif de surveillance et d'alerte de la presomption de corps en danger dans une piscine |
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US7479891B2 (en) | 2001-08-08 | 2009-01-20 | Claire-Lise Boujon | Device for rescue and safety for swimming pools and leisure parks |
US8314839B2 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2012-11-20 | Sentrus, Inc. | Concealments for components of a covert video surveillance system |
US8319833B2 (en) | 2009-06-23 | 2012-11-27 | Sentrus, Inc. | Video surveillance system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE183596T1 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
DE69603875T2 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
EP0861481A1 (fr) | 1998-09-02 |
CA2235766A1 (fr) | 1997-05-22 |
US6133838A (en) | 2000-10-17 |
DE69603875D1 (de) | 1999-09-23 |
FR2741370B1 (fr) | 1998-05-29 |
CA2235766C (fr) | 2001-07-10 |
AU7577296A (en) | 1997-06-05 |
GR3031844T3 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
FR2741370A1 (fr) | 1997-05-23 |
ES2137733T3 (es) | 1999-12-16 |
EP0861481B1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 |
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