WO1997015839A1 - Dispositif de controle de batterie et procede d'utilisation - Google Patents

Dispositif de controle de batterie et procede d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997015839A1
WO1997015839A1 PCT/US1996/016797 US9616797W WO9715839A1 WO 1997015839 A1 WO1997015839 A1 WO 1997015839A1 US 9616797 W US9616797 W US 9616797W WO 9715839 A1 WO9715839 A1 WO 9715839A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
charge
capacity variable
state
current
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/016797
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English (en)
Inventor
William J. Ross
Original Assignee
Globe-Union, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Globe-Union, Inc. filed Critical Globe-Union, Inc.
Priority to AU74590/96A priority Critical patent/AU7459096A/en
Publication of WO1997015839A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997015839A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing

Definitions

  • the present invention is generally directed to battery state-of- charge determination, and more particularly, to a monitor and method for making run-time prediction.
  • Lead-acid storage batteries have become highly refined since these devices were first used commercially about 125 years ago. Since its introduction, the lead-acid storage battery has distinguished itself as a highly efficient and reliable electrochemical energy source. Lead-acid storage batteries are also relatively insensitive to debilitating temperature effects over a broad temperature range of, for example, -40° to about 160° F. As a result, lead-acid storage batteries lend themselves to a broad range of utilities which continues to increase. Transportation is one example of a commercial use for lead-acid storage batteries. Such batteries have been used for small or personal vehicle movement for quite some time. For example, such batteries have been used effectively for golf carts, wheelchairs, trolling motors or similarly small-scaled transportation devices.
  • UPS uninterruptable power supply
  • One arrangement examines the condition of a storage battery used as a starting, lighting and ignition battery for an internal combustion engine. This arrangement measures battery voltage under open circuit conditions and while the battery is subjected to a predetermined AC load and a predetermined DC load. The temperature of the battery is also monitored. A microprocessor uses the open circuit potential, the measured potential under both DC and AC loading, and the temperature to ascertain the characteristics of the battery. The internal resistance is determined and should it be found excessive, the battery is deemed defective. Open circuit voltage, internal resistance and temperature provide inputs for calculating the estimated power at a fully charged state. The apparatus then discharges the battery through a reference load for about 15 seconds at constant load and measures a 15 second battery voltage.
  • This voltage is then compared to a similar voltage of a battery at about a 75% state of charge under the same conditions. If the voltage measured is higher than a value stored in the apparatus, the battery condition is deemed good. As a result, performance benchmarks are ascertained with a view toward determining battery capability.
  • Another arrangement concerns an apparatus for determining the general state of charge of a battery.
  • This approach requires the battery to be taken off-line from its circuit and connected to a calibrated resistor to determine state of charge.
  • the process requires the battery to be subjected to two loads, one corresponding to a minimum current consumption level or load and the other a maximum consumption level or load.
  • the process includes monitoring the load condition between the minimum and maximum load possibilities, periodically connecting the battery to a reference load when the minimum load is applied to the battery sampling the voltage across the reference load, and comparing the sample voltage to an array of predetermined levels, each level corresponding to a different state of charge. The comparison thereby yields an indication of the present condition of the battery.
  • a further arrangement determines state of charge of a battery based upon the integration of current. During the first portion of the discharge, the state of charge is evaluated by integrating the current after compensating for the rate of discharge. Later in the discharge, the state of charge of the battery is determined from the lowest subpack voltage corrected for polarization. Battery polarization it is used to calculate a corrected battery voltage which is used to terminate discharge at an appropriate time.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,876,513 which is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention.
  • This monitor is a dynamic state of charge indicator for a storage battery characterized by a discharge curve relating available energy of the battery to a contemporaneous voltage over a range of voltage boundaries having predetermined end points corresponding to fully charged and effectively discharged for one charge cycle.
  • the indicator includes a microprocessor which stores predetermined relationships between the contemporaneous voltage and the state of charge of the battery.
  • a voltage sensor and a current sensor are connected to monitor battery voltage and current flow and to provide corresponding voltage and current signals to the microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor periodically computes the internal resistance of the battery, the average voltage and current for a predetermined discharge time period and a corrected voltage as a total of internal resistance voltage loss and average voltage with the state of charge being determined as a function of corrected battery voltage.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,321 ,627 which is assigned to the assignee of this application, discloses a further battery monitor and method which derives a plurality of parameters related to the state of the battery, such as relative state of charge, absolute state of charge, a "time to empty” which gives a prediction as to when the battery would be completely discharged, and a "time to full” which gives a prediction as to when the battery would be fully charged. These parameters are calculated on the basis of sensed battery current, voltage, temperature and elapsed time. Different branches of a program are used by the processor depending on whether the battery is in a charge mode, a discharge mode, or a state of rest.
  • the algorithm employed in the '627 patent uses a capacity adjustment step and works best for a set current load.
  • the present invention provides a battery monitor for monitoring operating parameters of a battery.
  • the battery monitor includes a voltage sensor and a current sensor for sensing and generating signals based on battery voltage and battery current, respectively.
  • a processor of the monitor is coupled to the voltage and current sensors and furthermore has an input for the receipt of a low voltage cutoff signal.
  • the processor determines when the battery is in a stage of discharge and computes, as a function of the sensed voltage, the sensed current and the low voltage cutoff, a relative state of charge, an absolute state of charge and a period until the battery will be discharged below a predetermined level.
  • An output means such as a buffer for a display, is provided for outputting signals indicative of predetermined ones of the operating parameters.
  • the relative state of charge is calculated as a multiple-order polynomial function of an intermediate relative state of charge variable, the intermediate relative state of charge variable in turn being calculated as a function of the sensed voltage, the low voltage cutoff and sensed current.
  • the processor calculates a first capacity variable during a recharge cycle and a second capacity variable during a discharge cycle.
  • the second capacity variable is computed as a function of the first capacity variable.
  • the last stored second capacity variable is used to calculate the first capacity variable. In this manner, the monitor has the ability to "learn" and to track a variable capacity rather than using a static and predetermined battery capacity.
  • the monitor includes a temperature sensor for sensing battery temperature and producing a battery temperature signal in response thereto.
  • a current capacity of the battery is computed by the processor as a multiple order polynomial function of the battery temperature.
  • a principal technical advantage of the invention is the capability of providing a selectable low voltage cutoff for each different intended use of the battery.
  • the present invention incorporates a new curve-fitting technique for temperature compensation in the determination of battery capacity.
  • the capacity calculation has a learning capability; during discharge, the capacity is updated and stored for a subsequent discharge. This improves the accuracy of the monitor especially at low temperatures.
  • the monitor of the present invention gives a more accurate "time to empty" prediction.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the principal components of a battery monitor in accordance with a preferred embodiment the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a flow diagram illustrating a preferred manner in which the battery monitor of FIGURE 1 may be implemented for monitoring a battery in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 3 is a flow diagram of a preferred main operational subroutine of a processor employed in the invention.
  • FIGURES 4a and 4b together comprise a flow diagram of a preferred subroutine used when the monitored battery is in a state of discharge.
  • FIGURE 5 is a flow diagram of a preferred subroutine used when the monitorized battery is in a state of recharge.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates, in block diagram form, a battery monitor 10 embodying the present invention.
  • the battery monitor 10 is associated with a battery 12, such as a lead-acid battery, and a load 14, which may be a varying load, such as in UPS type applications.
  • the battery monitor 10 at spaced apart time intervals, measures the current, voltage, and temperature of the battery 12, and responsive to these measured quantities, provides output signals indicative of the operating characteristics of the battery 12 at an output 16, which may be connected to a display (not shown) and/or which may be used as a control signal to e.g.
  • the output signals may include signals indicative of, for example: (a) a relative state of charge (RELSOC) of the battery which is the percentage of battery capacity immediately available at a specified discharge rate, such as a 15 mininute rate; (b) an absolute state of charge (ABSOC) of the battery which is the percentage of battery capacity the battery has based upon a greater than 100 hour discharge rate; (c) an output battery capacity which is the amount of amp-hours that the fully charged battery has if discharged at a specified discharge rate, such as the 15 minute rate; (d) an output "time to empty" (TTE) of the battery which is the time remaining until the battery reaches a customer selectable low voltage cutoff (LVCO), such as 10.499 volts, if discharged at a specified discharge rate, such as the present current level.
  • RELSOC relative state of charge
  • ABSOC absolute state of charge
  • TTE customer selectable low voltage cutoff
  • the battery monitor 10 generally includes a current sensor 18, a voltage sensor 20, and a temperature sensor 22 all connected to a processor 26.
  • a timer 24, a processor 26, a read-only memory 28, a random-access memory 30 and an output means 32 are also connected to processor 26.
  • Output means 32 which may include digital to analog conversion, buffering and/or a communications interface, provides parameter output signals at output 16.
  • a programmable read-only memory (PROM) 33 may be provided to store information that is configured at the factory for the user. This information can include any of various operational constants, and advantageously may include a low voltage cutoff (LVCO) constant that will vary according to the application of the battery.
  • LVCO low voltage cutoff
  • a user terminal 35 which for example may consist of a simple keypad, may be provided for the entry by the user of LVCO and other operational constants.
  • PROM 33 and terminal 35 have their outputs connected to respective input terminals of the processor 26, either directly or by means of data and address buses as is well known in the art.
  • the current sensor 18 is coupled in series between the battery 12 and the load 14 for sensing the current drawn from the battery 12 and may be of any form well known in the art for sensing a current within a circuit.
  • the voltage sensor 20 is coupled across the battery 12 for sensing the output voltage of battery 12 and may be of any form well known in the art for sensing the voltage of a power source.
  • the temperature sensor 22 may be of any form well known in the art for sensing the temperature of the battery. Alternatively, for those applications where the temperature of the battery is to be maintained at a known constant level, the temperature sensor 22 may be omitted and a fixed temperature used for generating a battery temperature signal to processor 26.
  • the timer 24 initiates computing times and causes the processor 26, at spaced apart time intervals, to read the voltage sensor signal from sensor 20, the temperature sensor signal from sensor 22, and the current sensor signal from sensor 18, and based on these signals, the low voltage cutoff, certain predetermined constants and the algorithm described below, provides the output means 32 with intermediate control signals indicative of the output parameters.
  • the intermediate control signals may be multiple bit binary words which are converted to analog signals by a digital to analog converter (not shown) of the output means 32, for example.
  • the timer 24 is shown external to the processor 26, as well known in the art, the timer 24 may be included within the processor 26 without departing from the present invention.
  • the battery monitor may initiate computing times through a different mechanism.
  • the processor may initiate the computing time at the completion of the last read operation.
  • the timer 24 would be coupled to the processor 26 to indicate the time elapsed between consecutive iterations: in this embodiment, the timer 24 would indicate the time it took to complete the last iteration.
  • the timer 24 supplies a day number, hour, minute and second value to the processor 26.
  • the processor 26 converts these values into various time-related variables used in determining watt hours remaining and ampere hours remaining as will be described below.
  • the processor 26 may take different forms.
  • the processor 26 may be a digital signal processor, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, or a general purpose computer.
  • the processor 26 obtains operating instructions from ROM 28 via a multiple-bit bus 34 to control its executions for generating the intermediate control signals in a manner to be described hereinafter.
  • the random-access memory (RAM) 30 is coupled to the processor
  • the battery monitor 10 uses iterative processing for determining the operating parameters of the battery.
  • RAM 30 is used for storing constants retrieved from ROM 28, signal LVCO from (e.g.) PROM 33, and the operating parameters computed by the processor 26 during its last iteration. Certain of these stored parameters are used by the processor 26 to determine the operating parameters of the battery 12 during the next iteration.
  • the RAM 30 may also be used by the processor 26 for storing last measured values such as the current of the battery (CURR) measured during this iteration. Each such sensed or measured value or operating parameter stored in the second memory 30 will therefore be referred to hereinafter as the last corresponding measured value or computed parameter.
  • the microprocessor stores two parameters related to the newly calculated capacity of the battery, the relative state of charge of the battery, the absolute state of charge of the battery, a factor to be described hereinafter, and the current of the battery.
  • the relationships implemented by the processor 26 between the sensed current, sensed voltage, and sensed temperature of the battery provide a very accurate approximation of the operating parameters of the battery 12 under all conditions including discharge and recharge of the battery. These relationships require the use of a number of empirically determined constants. These constants, and the manner of empirically deriving the same, are discussed immediately hereinafter.
  • Constants "g”, “h” and T are empirically derived constants used in a curve-fitting technique which employs the battery temperature in order to calculate a non-temperature-corrected remaining capacity (RCAP) and a beginning temperature corrected rated capacity (RATEDCAP) as a function of an initial rated capacity (RATEDCAPINI) as multiplied by a multiple-order polynomial function of the battery temperature.
  • Constants "PEB”, “PEC” and “PED” are empirically derived multipliers for a current variable (PCURR) and are used to calculate RCAP in conjunction with temperature.
  • Constants "a”, "b”, “c”, “d”, “e”, and T are empirically derived multipliers used in conjunction with measured current in the calculation of an intermediate state of charge variable, FGRELSOC, that in turn is used for the calculation of relative state of charge.
  • Constants "aaa”, “bbb”, “ccc”, “ddd”, “eee”, “fff, “ggg”, “hhh” and “iii” are empirically derived multipliers of various terms in a multiple-order polynomial function for the calculation of a factor (FACTOR), itself used in the calculation of relative state of charge.
  • Constant "gsb” is a battery limit, measured in volts, above which a gassing current is generated during recharging the battery. At gsb volts and above, a portion of the recharging current is not recharging the battery.
  • the constant "gsb” is used in the calculation of WGASFACTOR, an efficiency multiplier which varies according to the sensed voltage of the battery.
  • Constant LVCO is a low-voltage cutoff preferably selected by the manufacturer according to the intended application of the battery. The following is a list containing typical values for the constants described above
  • FIGURES 2-5 are flow diagrams of the operation of processor 26 according to the invention, with FIGURE 2 illustrating the main operating program of the invention and FIGURES 3-5 illustrating various subroutines thereof.
  • the programs starts at step 100 and initializes the program's variables and constants at step 102.
  • the constants are read from read-only memory 28 or PROM 33 and are stored in random access memory 30. These constants are listed in the Table of Constants given above.
  • the variables used in the algorithm according to the invention are initialized. Certain of these initialized variables are given in the table immediately below.
  • ABSOC absolute state of charge
  • RELSOC relative state of charge
  • RATEDCAPINI initial rated capacity
  • RCAP further capacity calculation variable
  • RAMP rated current variable
  • CHGFLAG flag variable
  • RAMP -0.371183 amperes
  • constant LVCO is read (in one embodiment) from PROM 33, and a timing variable "sr is read from the timer 24.
  • the voltage is sensed from the volt sensor 20, the current of the battery is sensed from the current sensor 18, and the battery temperature is sensed from the battery temperature sensor 22.
  • variable TIME is calculated as a function of the time st read at step 104.
  • variable TIME is calculated by going to a subroutine that reads hours, minutes and seconds, and adds twenty-four hours for each day that has elapsed. The returned variable is denominated in hours.
  • the main program enters a subroutine MONITOR for making the time to empty predication which is illustrated in detail in FIGURE 3.
  • a subroutine MONITOR for making the time to empty predication which is illustrated in detail in FIGURE 3.
  • an elapsed time DELTIME is calculated by subtracting the read time from the last stored time.
  • a power variable WATT is calculated at step 114 as the product of CURR and VOLT.
  • a current variable PCURR is calculated as the negative of CURR; PCURR is used in a pair of polynomial expressions in which the square root and a fractional exponent of this variable are calculated.
  • the number of watt-hours remaining (WHREM) and the number of ampere-hours remaining (AHREM) are calculated by taking the last stored values of WHREM and AHREM, respectively, and adding (or subtracting) an increment.
  • WHREM the power consumed (or added back to the battery) is multiplied by the elapsed time DELTIME, and this amount is added to the last stored WHREM.
  • AHREM the amount of elapsed time DELTIME is multiplied by the current CURR, and this value is added to the last stored value for AHREM and then restored in memory 30. If the battery is in a discharge mode, the current will be negative and the number of ampere hours remaining will decrease; if the battery is in a recharge mode, variable AHREM will increase.
  • the program tests where the battery current CURR is below the value RAMP. It will be recalled that RAMP is initialized as a small negative value. If the current CURR is beneath this value, it indicates that the battery is in discharge mode, and the program branches to subroutine DISCHARGE at step 122. If the value for current CURR is above this value, the program branches to subroutine RECHARGE at step 124.
  • Subroutine DISCHARGE is illustrated in detail in the flow diagram started in FIGURE 4a.
  • a first temperature-corrected rated capacity variable RATEDCAP is calculated as a function of the initial rated capacity RATEDCAPINI times a multiple-order polynomial expression of the battery temperature BATTEMP, preferably a second-order polynomial expression as shown.
  • the temperature-corrected rated capacity RATEDCAP is used to calculate a current capacity variable CRNTCAP.
  • This step uses PCURR, PCURR 1 5 and PCURR 05 , as respectively multiplied by empirically derived constants PEB, PEC and PED, to calculate CRNTCAP.
  • step 128 calculates CRNTCAP according to a curve that has been fitted to empirically derived data.
  • the temperature correction performed at step 126 uses a two-order polynomial expression to fit the calculation to a curve of empirically observed data.
  • the sensed voltage VOLT is tested against the low voltage cutoff LVCO. If the voltage is above the low voltage cutoff, then an intermediate relative state of charge variable FG RELSOC is calculated as a function of VOLT, LVCO and CURR. This function is a multiple order polynomial expression and is given in Equation 1 below:
  • Both branches proceed next to a step 136 which calculates a factor FACTOR as a polynomial expression of FGRELSOC.
  • this polynomial expression is fourth-order.
  • a preferred polynomial expression is given below:
  • the relative state of charge RELSOC is tested against 0.85.
  • the relative stage of charge RESLOC will be 1.0, and therefore the program will branch to step 140 in which the relative state of charge is calculated as CRIT ⁇ CAP ⁇ MIREM )f RELSOC is below ⁇ CRNTCAP 0.85, then RELSOC is calculated as a function of the last stored RELSOC plus a factored component of the last stored FGRELSOC at step 142, as shown.
  • RELSOC may be assigned a negative number; in this event, at step 144, RELSOC is limited to 0 or above.
  • a variable for the amount of state of charge that has been used is calculated as a function of the last sensed current (CURR), the lapsed time DELTIME and the temperature-corrected capacity RATEDCAP.
  • the program then continues to FIGURE 4b through connector 148.
  • variable SOCUSEDTOT which is representative of the total or cumulative stage of charge used, is tested against 0.05. If SOCUSEDTOT is greater than 0.05, a further decision block 152 is reached in which the sensed voltage VOLT is compared with the retrieved low voltage cutoff LVCO. If the answer is yes, a further capacity variable RCAP is calculated at step 154 as a curve-fitting multi-order polynomial expression of AHREM, RELSOC, PCURR AND BATTEMP:
  • step 156 which computes lime to empty" (TTE) as a product of RELSOC, CRNTCAP and the reciprocal of CURR. If by this calculation, TTE as calculated is less than 0, then TTE is limited to 0 at step 158. At step 156, which computes lime to empty" (TTE) as a product of RELSOC, CRNTCAP and the reciprocal of CURR. If by this calculation, TTE as calculated is less than 0, then TTE is limited to 0 at step 158.
  • TTE lime to empty
  • the total state of charge used (SOCUSEDTOT) is incremented.
  • the absolute state of charge ABSOC is calculated as 1 -SOCUSEDTOT, such that the absolute state of charge and the total state of charge used will always sum to 1.
  • the subroutine flag CHGFLAG is set to 0 to indicate that the battery is in a discharge mode or state. The program returns at step 166.
  • the program determines that the battery is in a recharge mode, and subroutine RECHARGE is entered at step 124.
  • This subroutine is illustrated in detail in FIGURE 5.
  • the program ascertains whether CHGFLAG is greater than or less than 1 ; if so, it indicates that the RECHARGE mode has just been entered.
  • the variable RATEDCAPINI is set to the variable RCAP at step 172. If the battery had just left a discharge mode, by this step a calculated or "learned" and temperature corrected rated capacity is used in this and subsequent consecutive RECHARGE cycles.
  • step 174 the program proceeds to step 174 in which the variable CRNTCAP is reset to RATEDCAPINI.
  • the sensed voltage VOLT is compared against a gassing voltage limit gsb. If VOLT is above gsb, which in one embodiment is set at 13.8 volts, a gassing current factor WGASFACTOR is calculated at step 178 as a function of the sensed voltage VOLT and gsb. Otherwise, at step 180 WGASFACTOR is set to 1.
  • the used state of charge SOCUSED is calculated as a product of the current, WGASFACTOR and the elapsed time DELTIME, as divided by the temperature-corrected rated capacity RATEDCAP.
  • the value of variable RATEDCAP is carried over from the discharge mode, in which it is calculated as a multiple-order polynomial of the initial rated capacity RATEDCAPINI and the battery temperature BATTEMP.
  • the total state of charge used SOCUSEDTOT is decremented by adding SOCUSED to it, because in this instance SOCUSED will be a negative number.
  • the absolute state of charge ABSOC is calculated at step 186. If ABSOC is calculated as greater than 1 , it is limited to 1 at step 188.
  • variable TTE is set to ABSOC for display purposes only, and the relative state of charge variable RELSOC is set to ABSOC as well.
  • the mode flag CHGFLAG is set to 1 to indicate that the program has just exited a recharge cycle and an iteration of the RECHARGE subroutine and control is returned to subroutine ENERGYEYE at step 194.
  • RATEDCAPINI as last calculated by subroutine RECHARGE, is used in the next encountered cycle of subroutine DISCHARGE to calculate a temperature corrected rated capacity RATEDCAP. In this way, stored and updated values of the battery capacity are used in subsequent iterations to give a more accurate idea as to the actual battery capacity.
  • next step in subroutine ENERGYEYE is a decision step 196, which compares RELSOC to ABSOC. If RELSOC is greater than ABSOC, then the program branches to step 198 at which the total state of charge used (SOCUSEDTOT) is recalculated and the absolute state of charge ABSOC is set to relative state of charge variable RELSOC. Otherwise, the program branches directly to step 200 to limit SOCUSEDTOT to greater than or equal to 0. At step 202, variable ABSOC is limited to between 0 and 1 , inclusive. The variables are stored for the next iteration at step 204, and control is returned to the main program at step 206.
  • SOCUSEDTOT total state of charge used
  • selected ones of the calculated variables or parameters are output at step 208 using the output means 32. These parameters are output in order to give the user an indication of the state of the battery, and may include the absolute state of charge ABSOC, the relative state of charge RELSOC, a number of ampere-hours remaining AHREM, a "time to empty" TTE, and other parameters as desired, such as voltage, current and battery temperature.
  • the program then loops back to read the next sensed voltage, current and battery temperature at step 106.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de contrôle pour batterie (10) qui vérifie les paramètres de fonctionnement d'une batterie (12), indiquant par exemple les états de charge absolu et relatif ainsi que la capacité de la batterie (12) à l'état déchargé, au repos et rechargé. Ce dispositif de contrôle (10) est équipé comme suit: détecteur de courant (18) pour déceler un courant dans la batterie, détecteur de tension (20) pour déceler une tension dans la batterie, et capteur de température (22) pour déceler une température de la batterie. Une unité de traitement (26) effectue une approximation à un niveau élevé de précision pour les paramètres de la batterie, en utilisant un processeur itératif qui repose sur des relations préétablies; le processus consiste à employer des constantes et des paramètres dont on a déterminé la valeur de manière empirique au cours de l'itération immédiatement précédente stockée dans la mémoire (28, 30, 33). Le système fournit à la sortie des signaux (32, 16) qui indiquent les paramètres déterminés et que l'on peut utiliser pour différentes applications relatives aux batteries.
PCT/US1996/016797 1995-10-27 1996-10-21 Dispositif de controle de batterie et procede d'utilisation WO1997015839A1 (fr)

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US08/549,432 1995-10-27

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Cited By (10)

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WO2001078164A2 (fr) * 2000-04-11 2001-10-18 Recherche 2000 Inc. Procede et appareil destines a l'acquisition, a la surveillance, a l'affichage et au diagnostic de parametres de fonctionnement d'electrolyseurs
EP1485700A2 (fr) * 2002-02-15 2004-12-15 Power Designers LLC Procede et dispositif servant au controle d'une batterie
ES2247896A1 (es) * 2003-12-03 2006-03-01 Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya Dispositivo y metodo para la medida dinamica del nivel de energia y el estado de salud de baterias de plomo-acido.
EP1632782A1 (fr) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-08 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Procédé et appareil de surveillance de l'état de batteries
FR2881528A1 (fr) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme et procede d'estimation de la charge d'une batterie
FR2881529A1 (fr) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme et procede d'estimation de la charge d'une batterie
US7173429B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2007-02-06 Power Designers, Llc Activity-based battery monitor with a universal current measuring apparatus
CN100391083C (zh) * 2005-03-17 2008-05-28 新神户电机株式会社 电池控制器
EP3133714A1 (fr) * 2015-08-11 2017-02-22 Schneider Electric IT Corporation Procédé de surveillance de batterie et appareil associé
CN112440744A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-05 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 一种蓄电池电量管理的控制方法、整车控制器及管理系统

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CN100391083C (zh) * 2005-03-17 2008-05-28 新神户电机株式会社 电池控制器
EP3133714A1 (fr) * 2015-08-11 2017-02-22 Schneider Electric IT Corporation Procédé de surveillance de batterie et appareil associé
CN112440744A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-05 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 一种蓄电池电量管理的控制方法、整车控制器及管理系统

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