WO1997015344A1 - Bande echangeuse de chaleur - Google Patents

Bande echangeuse de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997015344A1
WO1997015344A1 PCT/US1996/017056 US9617056W WO9715344A1 WO 1997015344 A1 WO1997015344 A1 WO 1997015344A1 US 9617056 W US9617056 W US 9617056W WO 9715344 A1 WO9715344 A1 WO 9715344A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
heat
accordance
spacers
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/017056
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Allen W. Groenke
Original Assignee
Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated filed Critical Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated
Priority to AU74722/96A priority Critical patent/AU7472296A/en
Publication of WO1997015344A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997015344A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1045—Devices for humidifying or heating the inspired gas by using recovered moisture or heat from the expired gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by spirally-wound plates or laminae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06—Solids
    • A61M2202/062—Desiccants

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains generally to the field of heat exchangers and, in particular, to heat moisture exchangers used in respiratory therapies .
  • Humidification and warming of inspired gases are generally necessary when therapeutic respiratory devices are used.
  • the temperature and humidity of the gas introduced into a patient from a therapeutic respiratory device should match the inspiratory conditions occurring at the point of entry into a patient's respiratory system. If the level of humidity is less than this level, a humidity deficit may be produced.
  • gases delivered to the nose and mouth should be heated and humidified to room conditions.
  • gases delivered to a patient's nose through a mask should preferably be at a room temperature of 22°C and a relative humidity of 50%.
  • HME's Artificial noses or heat moisture exchangers
  • HME's collect a patient's heat and moisture from expired gas and return it to the patient during the following inspiration.
  • Most HME devices include both a heat exchanger for storing heat from expired air, and a desiccant to retain moisture. A portion of the stored heat and moisture is returned to the patient upon inhalation.
  • Prior heat and moisture exchange devices included heat exchangers made from materials with relatively low heat capacity such as aluminum or steel, and relatively higher heat capacity materials such as synthetic fiber or paper. Calcium chloride and lithium chloride were used as desiccants. Although the synthetic fiber and paper heat exchangers have a desirably higher heat capacity than the metallic exchangers, they may absorb significant amounts of moisture with prolonged use. Too much accumulated moisture can increase the resistance to inhalation and exhalation through the HME. Additionally, the lithium chloride and calcium chloride may dissolve in water condensed within the HME and drip out of the HME. Consequently, the HME could lose its moisture retaining effectiveness .
  • the present invention pertains to an improved heat exchanger strip and, more particularly, to an improved heat exchanger strip which can be incorporated into a heat moisture exchanger (HME) .
  • the heat exchanger strip of the present invention preferably is formed from a polymer film such as a polyester film which is sometimes referred to as Mylar.
  • the polymer film may be placed in an HME as a heat exchanger.
  • the desiccant may be affixed to the polymer film or placed within the housing on a separate medium.
  • the polymer film heat sink of the present invention does not absorb significant amounts of moisture to significantly increase the effort or force required to inhale or exhale through the HME.
  • the film does, however, have a high heat capacity.
  • the preferred desiccant is molecular sieves. Unlike the desiccants used in prior HME's, molecular sieves do not dissolve in moisture retained within the HME. Consequently, the molecular sieves do not dissolve and drain from the HME reducing the HME's moisture absorbing efficiency.
  • a heat exchanger strip in accordance with the present invention can include an elongate polymer film having a longitudinal axis, a front and back surface and a first and second edge generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the film.
  • the heat exchanger strip also includes a plurality of polymer elongate curved spacers, each spacer having a curved longitudinal axis and a first and a second edge disposed on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis of each spacer.
  • the edges are preferably generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spacer.
  • the spacers can be connected to the front surface of the film such that the spacers longitudinal axes extend generally parallel to each other between the first edge of the film and the second edge of the film to define three sides of a curved flow channel .
  • the heat exchanger strip can include a desiccant bonded to the heat exchanger strip.
  • the desiccant preferably includes molecular sieves.
  • the spacers of the heat exchanger strip can be placed along the film such that a transverse cross section of the heat exchanger strip will intersect at least two spacer edges. Further, the spacers can be placed on the film such that in a longitudinal cross section of the strip, the three sides of the flow channels are generally configured as three sides of a rectangle.
  • the heat exchanger strip of the present invention can be incorporated into an HME.
  • Such a heat moisture exchanger includes a housing having an enclosure, and a patient port and a machine port into the enclosure.
  • the heat exchanger strip is preferably wrapped in a spiraling, generally cylindrically shaped roll such that the heat exchanger strip is arranged in generally concentric layers with a back surface of the strip defining a fourth side of a plurality of curved, rectangular flow channels.
  • the heat exchanger strip is disposed within the enclosure.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a heat moisture exchanger in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the heat moisture exchanger of Figure 1, showing a heat exchanger strip partially unrolled;
  • Figure 3 is a partial view of the heat exchanger strip including a partial view of a spacer
  • Figure 4 is a view of a heat exchanger strip rolled with a desiccant loaded filter media
  • Figure 5 is a view of a length of the heat exchanger strip.
  • HME 10 heat moisture exchanger
  • housing 12 is formed from a clear plastic.
  • housing 12 need not be formed from clear plastic but can be formed from any biocompatible material which can form a substantially hermetic seal.
  • Patient port 14 is preferably configured to receive a tube having a patient port adapter for connecting the tube to patient port 14. The end of the tube opposite the patient port adapter will be connected to a mask or other suitable means known in the art for connection to a patient.
  • Machine port 16 is configured to be coupled to a tube connected to any of several types of respiratory machines.
  • Patient port 14 is fluidly connected through housing 12 to machine port 16 such that gas may flow from the tube connected to the machine through HME 10 to the tube connected to the patient.
  • Heat exchanger bed 18 is preferably a heat moisture exchanger bed such that the HME can be used to passively heat and humidify inspired gas.
  • Bed 18 is preferably formed from polymer film heat exchanger strip 19.
  • HME 10 can then collect a patient ' s heat and moisture from expired gas and return a portion of the stored heat and moisture to the patient upon inhalation.
  • the moisture exchanging capacity of HME 10 can be enhanced by including within housing 12 a desiccant such as calcium chloride, activated alumina, silica gel or some other desiccant. Molecular sieves, however, is the preferred desiccant.
  • the desiccant can be deposited directly on strip 19.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of HME 10.
  • Housing 12 can include two portions 20 and 22.
  • Portion 20 can include a flange 24 insertable into portion 22 to sealably enclose heat exchanger bed 18 within housing 12.
  • Strip 19 of heat exchanger bed 18 is preferably a polymer film which is preferably a polyester film sometimes referred to as MylarTM.
  • Strip 19 includes a plurality of spacers 24 adhered thereto. Spacers 24 can be curved spacers as shown in
  • Spacers 24 are preferably formed from a polymer film such as the polyester film from which strip 19 is formed.
  • Spacers 24 can be adhered to strip 19.
  • film 19 can be 5 mils thick and spacers 24 can be 10 mils thick.
  • strip 19 including spacers
  • Flow channels 28 are defined between adjacent layers of strip 19 and adjacent spacers 24.
  • Figure 3 is a view of an edge portion of strip 19. A portion of one spacer 24 is shown adhered to strip 19 by an adhesive 30.
  • the adhesive 30 is preferably a substantially non-water soluble contact adhesive such as pressure sensitive acrylate adhesive.
  • FIG 4 is an alternate heat exchanger bed embodiment
  • bed 32 includes a desiccant strip 34 wound around a core member 26 between adjacent layers of spirally wound strip 19.
  • Strip 34 can be a polymer filter material onto which a desiccant is deposited.
  • the desiccant can be calcium chloride, activated alumina, silica gel or some other suitable desiccant.
  • a preferred desiccant is molecular sieves.
  • Figure 5 is a view of a length of strip 19.
  • spacers 24 have an elongate curved shape and extend from one edge to an opposite edge of strip 19. Each spacer 24 has oppositely disposed edges 27 and 29. Edges 27 and 29 of spacer 24 are preferably parallel.
  • the curve shape of spacers 24 lengthens flow channel 28, thus bringing gases flowing through heat exchanger bed 18 into contact with bed 18 for a longer period than if flow of the gas were directly from the edge of strip 19 to the other in a straight line.
  • the increased time of contact should increase heat and moisture exchange between the gases and bed 18.
  • spacers 24 can be spaced such that a line extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of strip 19 intersects at least two spacers or at least one spacer twice.
  • line A intersects two spacers 24 at the three dots shown drawn along line A.
  • Line B intersects one spacer 24 in at least two locations as shown by the dots drawn along line B.
  • the front surface of strip 19 includes spacers 24, the back surface of strip 19 is preferably generally planar prior to being wrapped around core member 26.
  • each layer is formed into an arch shape which is supported by the spacers. The arch will support strip 19 without nesting of the spacers 24. Nesting is prevented by the inherent strength of arches and further because of the significant number of points of support provided by spacers 24.
  • flow channels 28 will have a generally rectangular cross section taken parallel to the longitudinal axis of strip 19. Opposite sides of the rectangular shaped channel are formed by edges 27 and 29 of spacers 24 and adjacent layers of strip 19. Although the cross sectional shape is generally rectangular, since adjacent layers of strip 19 are spirally wrapped around core member 26, the channel cross section will take on a curved shape, the degree of the curve being greater near the center of the spiral .
  • patient port 14 can be connected to a tube leading to a patient's nose and/or mouth.
  • Machine port 16 can be connected to a tube leading to a respirator.
  • a gas can be drawn or forced through HME 12 from machine port 16 to patient port 14 and into the patient.
  • warm and moistened gas will be expired from the patient and passed through heat exchanger bed 18 from patient port 14 to machine port 16.
  • Some of the heat from the expired gas will be absorbed by heat exchanger bed 18 and some of the expired moisture will condense on bed 18. Additional moisture can be retained if a desiccant is included within the housing 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à une bande échangeuse de chaleur (19) qui peut être incorporée dans un échangeur de chaleur et d'humidité (10). Cette bande échangeuse de chaleur (19) comprend un film polymère allongé comportant un axe longitudinal, une surface avant et arrière ainsi qu'un premier et un second bord (27, 29) généralement parallèles à l'axe longitudinal de la bande (19). Plusieurs éléments d'espacement courbes allongés (24) sont reliés au film polymère. Chaque élément d'espacement (24) peut comporter un axe longitudinal courbe et des premier et second bords (27, 29) disposés sur des côtés opposés de l'axe longitudinal de chaque élément d'espacement (24). Les bords (27, 29) sont généralement parallèles à l'axe longitudinal de l'élément d'espacement (24). Les éléments d'espacement (24) peuvent être reliés à la surface avant du film, pour que leurs axes longitudinaux s'étendent généralement dans une direction parallèle entre le premier bord (27) de la bande (19) et le second bord (29) de la bande (19), afin de définir trois côtés d'un canal d'écoulement rectangulaire courbe (28). Cette bande échangeuse de chaleur (19) peut être disposée en un enroulement en spirale espacé généralement en structure cylindrique, pour que la bande échangeuse de chaleur (19) soit agencée en couches généralement concentriques, où la surface arrière du film polymère définit un quatrième côté du canal d'écoulement (28).
PCT/US1996/017056 1995-10-27 1996-10-24 Bande echangeuse de chaleur WO1997015344A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU74722/96A AU7472296A (en) 1995-10-27 1996-10-24 Heat exchanger strip

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US54940395A 1995-10-27 1995-10-27
US08/549,403 1995-10-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997015344A1 true WO1997015344A1 (fr) 1997-05-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/017056 WO1997015344A1 (fr) 1995-10-27 1996-10-24 Bande echangeuse de chaleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7472296A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997015344A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001072365A1 (fr) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Mallinckrodt Holdings B.V. Echangeur de chaleur et d'humidite
WO2008055307A1 (fr) * 2006-11-08 2008-05-15 Resmed Ltd Humidificateur pour appareil respiratoire
WO2010096467A1 (fr) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-26 Aeiomed, Inc. Systèmes et procédés d'humidification de masque de thérapie par pression positive des voies aériennes
JP2013188288A (ja) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-26 Toray Medical Co Ltd 人工鼻
WO2013142924A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-10-03 Ateliers De Construction De Thermo-Echangeurs Sa Corps d'échangeur et échangeur
JP2019517894A (ja) * 2016-06-18 2019-06-27 スミスズ メディカル インターナショナル リミテッド 熱湿交換デバイス

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0205072A2 (fr) * 1985-06-06 1986-12-17 TERUMO KABUSHIKI KAISHA trading as TERUMO CORPORATION Echangeur de chaleur et d'humidité pour gaz respiratoire
US4769053A (en) * 1987-03-26 1988-09-06 Semco Mfg., Inc. High efficiency sensible and latent heat exchange media with selected transfer for a total energy recovery wheel
US4875520A (en) * 1985-10-22 1989-10-24 Airxchange, Inc. Desiccant heat device
WO1993016749A1 (fr) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-02 Gibeck Respiration Ab Dispositif de filtration se reliant a l'appareil respiratoire d'une personne et son utilisation
WO1994002192A1 (fr) * 1992-07-22 1994-02-03 Dar Societa' Per Azioni Cartouche hygroscopique destinee notamment a des filtres a usage medical

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0205072A2 (fr) * 1985-06-06 1986-12-17 TERUMO KABUSHIKI KAISHA trading as TERUMO CORPORATION Echangeur de chaleur et d'humidité pour gaz respiratoire
US4875520A (en) * 1985-10-22 1989-10-24 Airxchange, Inc. Desiccant heat device
US4769053A (en) * 1987-03-26 1988-09-06 Semco Mfg., Inc. High efficiency sensible and latent heat exchange media with selected transfer for a total energy recovery wheel
WO1993016749A1 (fr) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-02 Gibeck Respiration Ab Dispositif de filtration se reliant a l'appareil respiratoire d'une personne et son utilisation
WO1994002192A1 (fr) * 1992-07-22 1994-02-03 Dar Societa' Per Azioni Cartouche hygroscopique destinee notamment a des filtres a usage medical

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001072365A1 (fr) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Mallinckrodt Holdings B.V. Echangeur de chaleur et d'humidite
JP2003527937A (ja) * 2000-03-29 2003-09-24 マリンクロッド・ホールディングズ・ベスローテン・フェンノートシャップ 熱および水分の交換機
WO2008055307A1 (fr) * 2006-11-08 2008-05-15 Resmed Ltd Humidificateur pour appareil respiratoire
US9440040B2 (en) 2006-11-08 2016-09-13 Resmed Limited Humidifier for respiratory apparatus
WO2010096467A1 (fr) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-26 Aeiomed, Inc. Systèmes et procédés d'humidification de masque de thérapie par pression positive des voies aériennes
CN104254357A (zh) * 2012-03-13 2014-12-31 东丽·医疗株式会社 人工鼻
EP2826513A4 (fr) * 2012-03-13 2015-10-14 Toray Medical Co Ltd Chaleur et l'humidité échangeur
JP2013188288A (ja) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-26 Toray Medical Co Ltd 人工鼻
TWI556844B (zh) * 2012-03-13 2016-11-11 Toray Medical Co Ltd Artificial nose
US9950133B2 (en) 2012-03-13 2018-04-24 Toray Medical Co., Ltd. Heat and moisture exchanger
WO2013142924A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-10-03 Ateliers De Construction De Thermo-Echangeurs Sa Corps d'échangeur et échangeur
US10072893B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2018-09-11 Ateliers De Construction De Thermo-Echangeurs Sa Exchanger body and exchanger
JP2019517894A (ja) * 2016-06-18 2019-06-27 スミスズ メディカル インターナショナル リミテッド 熱湿交換デバイス
JP2022010163A (ja) * 2016-06-18 2022-01-14 スミスズ メディカル インターナショナル リミテッド 熱湿交換デバイス
JP7102650B2 (ja) 2016-06-18 2022-07-20 スミスズ メディカル インターナショナル リミテッド 熱湿交換デバイス

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