WO1997009855A2 - Packaging incorporating loudspeakers - Google Patents
Packaging incorporating loudspeakers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997009855A2 WO1997009855A2 PCT/GB1996/002146 GB9602146W WO9709855A2 WO 1997009855 A2 WO1997009855 A2 WO 1997009855A2 GB 9602146 W GB9602146 W GB 9602146W WO 9709855 A2 WO9709855 A2 WO 9709855A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- transducer
- board
- packaging
- packaging according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
- H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
Definitions
- the invention relates to packaging and more particularly to packaging incorporating loudspeakers.
- a panel-form loudspeaker comprising:- a resonant multi-mode radiator element being a unitary sandwich panel formed of two skins of material with a spacing core of transverse cellular construction, wherein the panel is such as to have ratio of bending stiffness (B) , in all orientations, to the cube power of panel mass per unit surface area ( ⁇ ) of at least 10; a mounting means which supports the panel or attaches to it a supporting body, in a free undamped manner; and an electro-mechanical drive means coupled to the panel which serves to excite a multi-modal resonance in the radiator panel in response to an electrical input within a working frequency band for the loudspeaker.
- B bending stiffness
- ⁇ cube power of panel mass per unit surface area
- Embodiments of the present invention use members of nature, structure and configuration achievable generally and/or specifically by implementing teachings of our co ⁇ pending PCT application no. (Our case P.5711) of even date herewith.
- Such members thus have capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in operative area(s) extending transversely of thickness often but not necessarily to edges of the member(s); are configured with or without anisotropy of bending stiffness to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said area(s) beneficially for acoustic coupling with ambient air; and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for transducer means, particularly operationally active or moving part(s) thereof effective in relation to acoustic vibrational activity in said area(s) and signals, usually electrical, corresponding to acoustic content of such vibrational activity.
- the invention is packaging comprising a board component, characterised in that the board is a distributed mode acoustic radiator having a transducer mounted wholly and exclusively on the radiator to vibrate the radiator to cause it to resonate.
- the board may be a panel having a cellular core sandwiched between skin layers.
- the board may comprise a core of foamed plastics sandwiched between sheets of craft board.
- the transducer may be a piezo- electric bender.
- the board formed one side of a box.
- the box may have a lid, and means may be associated with the lid for triggering actuation of the transducer on movement of the lid relative to the box.
- the packaging may comprise a signal generator, an amplifier and an electric battery.
- Figure 1 is a diagram showing a distributed-mode loudspeaker as described and claimed in our co-pending International application No. (our case P.5711);
- Figure 2a- is a partial section on the line A-A of Figure 1;
- Figure 2_ ⁇ is an enlarged cross-section through a distributed mode radiator of the kind shown in Figure 2a. and showing two alternative constructions;
- Figure 3 is a perspective diagram of an embodiment of packaging
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of a transducer. BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the transducer (9) is driven by a signal amplifier (10), e.g. an audio amplifier, connected to the transducer by conductors (28) .
- a signal amplifier (10) e.g. an audio amplifier
- Amplifier loading and power requirements can be entirely normal, similar to conventional cone type speakers, sensitivity being of the order of 86 - 88dB/watt under room loaded conditions.
- Amplifier load impedance is largely resistive at 6 ohms, power handling 20-80 watts.
- the panel core and/or skins are of metal, they may be made to act as a heat sink for the transducer to remove heat from the motor coil of the transducer and thus improve power handling.
- Figures 2a_ and 2b are partial typical cross-sections through the loudspeaker (81) of Figure 1.
- Figure 2a_ shows that the frame (1), surround (3) and panel (2) are connected together by respective adhesive-bonded joints (20) .
- Suitable materials for the frame include lightweight framing, e.g. picture framing of extruded metal e.g. aluminium alloy or plastics.
- Suitable surround materials include resilient materials such as foam rubber and foam plastics.
- Suitable adhesives for the joints (20) include epoxy, acrylic and cyano-acrylate etc. adhesives.
- Figure 2b illustrates, to an enlarged scale, that the panel (2) is a rigid lightweight panel having a core (22) e.g. of a rigid plastics foam (97) e.g. cross linked polyvinylchloride or a cellular matrix (98) i.e.
- a honeycomb matrix of metal foil, plastics or the like with the cells extending transversely to the plane of the panel, and enclosed by opposed skins (21) e.g. of paper, card, plastics or metal foil or sheet.
- skins e.g. of paper, card, plastics or metal foil or sheet.
- the skins may be reinforced with fibres e.g. of carbon, glass, Kevlar (RTM) or the like in a manner known per se to increase their modulus.
- Envisaged skin layer materials and reinforcements thus include carbon, glass, Kevlar (RTM), Nomex (RTM) i.e. aramid etc. fibres in various lays and weaves, as well as paper, bonded paper laminates, melamine, and various synthetic plastics films of high modulus, such as Mylar (RTM) , Kaptan (RTM) , polycarbonate, phenolic, polyester or related plastics, and fibre reinforced plastics, etc. and metal sheet or foil.
- Investigation of the Vectra grade of liquid crystal polymer thermoplastics shows that they may be useful for the injection moulding of ultra thin skins or shells of smaller size, say up to around 30cm diameter. This material self forms an orientated crystal structure in the direction of injection, a preferred orientation for the good propagation of treble energy from the driving point to the panel perimeter.
- thermoplastics allow for the mould tooling to carry location and registration features such as grooves or rings for the accurate location of transducer parts e.g. the motor coil, and the magnet suspension. Additional with some weaker core materials it is calculated that it would be advantageous to increase the skin thickness locally e.g. in an area or annulus up to 150% of the transducer diameter, to reinforce that area and beneficially couple vibration energy into the panel. High frequency response will be improved with the softer foam materials by this means.
- piezo and electro dynamic transducers have negligible electromagnetic radiation or stray magnet fields.
- Conventional speakers have a large magnetic field, up to 1 metre distant unless specific compensation counter measures are taken.
- electrical connection can be made to the conductive parts of an appropriate DML panel or an electrically conductive foam or similar interface may be used for the edge mounting.
- the suspension (3) may damp the edges of the panel (2) to prevent excessive edge movement of the panel. Additionally or alternatively, further damping may be applied, e.g. as patches, bonded to the panel in selected positions to damp excessive movement to distribute resonance equally over the panel.
- the patches may be of bitumen-based material, as commonly used in conventional loudspeaker enclosures or may be of a resilient or rigid polymeric sheet material. Some materials, notably paper and card, and some cores may be self-damping. Where desired, the damping may be increased in the construction of the panels by employing resiliently setting, rather than rigid setting adhesives.
- Effective said selective damping includes specific application to the panel including its sheet material of means permanently associated therewith. Edges and corners can be particularly significant for dominant and less dispersed low frequency vibration modes of panels hereof. Edge-wise fixing of damping means can usefully lead to a panel with its said sheet material fully framed, though their corners can often be relatively free, say for desired extension to lower frequency operation. Attachment can be by adhesive or self-adhesive materials. Other forms of useful damping, particularly in terms of more subtle effects and/or mid- and higher frequencies can be by way of suitable mass or masses affixed to the sheet material at predetermined effective medial localised positions of said area.
- An acoustic panel as described above is bi ⁇ directional.
- the sound energy from the back is not strongly phase related to that from the front. Consequently there is the benefit of overall summation of acoustic power in the room, sound energy of uniform frequency distribution, reduced reflective and standing wave effects and with the advantage of superior reproduction of the natural space and ambience in the reproduced sound recordings.
- Figure 3 illustrates packaging incorporating the loudspeaker technology of Figures 1 and 2.
- the packaging is in the form of a box (111) having a hinged lid (139), the box, or at least part of it being made from a composite comprising a core of foamed plastics sandwiched between sheets of craft board to form a panel as shown in Figure 2, such that the box comprises a rigid, lightweight distributed mode acoustic radiator as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
- edge termination of the panel (2) is formed by the corners of the box so that no additional frame (1) or suspension (3) of the kind shown in Figures 1 and 2 is required.
- the packaging need not be of the shape shown in the drawing, and could, for example, be shaped according to the requirements of the contents.
- the packaging might be shaped to enclose a compact disc or the like and may be arranged to provide an audio preview of the contents of the compact disc or to provide other information relating thereto.
- the packaging may form a musical box.
- the packaging may be arranged to give audio instructions concerning the contents.
- FIG 4 shows a transducer (9) for a distributed mode panel (2) in the form of a crystalline disc-like piezo bender (27) mounted on a disc (118), e.g. of brass, which is bonded to a face of the panel (2), e.g. by an adhesive bond (20) .
- a transducer (9) for a distributed mode panel (2) in the form of a crystalline disc-like piezo bender (27) mounted on a disc (118), e.g. of brass, which is bonded to a face of the panel (2), e.g. by an adhesive bond (20) .
- an acoustic signal applied to the transducer (9) via leads (28) will cause the piezo disc (27) to bend and thus locally resiliently deform the panel (2) to launch bending waves into the panel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1996/002146 WO1997009855A2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging incorporating loudspeakers |
CN96196709.9A CN1195462A (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
US09/011,774 US6404894B1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
JP9510949A JPH11512250A (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | package |
AT96929391T ATE177581T1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | PACKAGING |
AU68806/96A AU702873B2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
DE69601732T DE69601732T2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | PACKAGING |
EA199800259A EA000860B1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
RO98-00644A RO119054B1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
CA002230704A CA2230704A1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
EP96929391A EP0847672B1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
DK96929391T DK0847672T3 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packing |
ES96929391T ES2131954T3 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | PACKAGING BOX. |
HK98109457A HK1008651A1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1998-07-28 | Packaging |
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9517918.0 | 1995-09-02 | ||
GBGB9517918.0A GB9517918D0 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1995-09-02 | Acoustic device |
GB9522281.6 | 1995-10-31 | ||
GBGB9522281.6A GB9522281D0 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1995-10-31 | Acoustic device |
GBGB9606836.6A GB9606836D0 (en) | 1996-03-30 | 1996-03-30 | Acoustic device |
GB9606836.6 | 1996-03-30 | ||
PCT/GB1996/002146 WO1997009855A2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging incorporating loudspeakers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997009855A2 true WO1997009855A2 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
Family
ID=34865238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1996/002146 WO1997009855A2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging incorporating loudspeakers |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0847672B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11512250A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1195462A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE177581T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU702873B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2230704A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69601732T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0847672T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA000860B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2131954T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1008651A1 (en) |
RO (1) | RO119054B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997009855A2 (en) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002082855A2 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-10-17 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
US7245729B2 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2007-07-17 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
US9564146B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2017-02-07 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing in deep diving environment |
US9615189B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2017-04-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Artificial ear apparatus and associated methods for generating a head related audio transfer function |
US9615813B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2017-04-11 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc. | Device for wide-band auscultation |
US9621994B1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2017-04-11 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US9638672B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-05-02 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for acquiring acoustic information from a resonating body |
US9741355B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2017-08-22 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for narrow bandwidth digital signal processing |
US9793872B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2017-10-17 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US9883318B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2018-01-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for stereo field enhancement in two-channel audio systems |
US9906867B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2018-02-27 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US9906858B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2018-02-27 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10069471B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2018-09-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10158337B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10639000B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2020-05-05 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Device for wide-band auscultation |
US10701505B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2020-06-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc. | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US10820883B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2020-11-03 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Noise reduction assembly for auscultation of a body |
US10848867B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2020-11-24 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10848118B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2020-11-24 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10959035B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2021-03-23 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US11202161B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2021-12-14 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US11211043B2 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-12-28 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Audio enhanced hearing protection system |
US11431312B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2022-08-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3247925A (en) * | 1962-03-08 | 1966-04-26 | Lord Corp | Loudspeaker |
CH661022A5 (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1987-06-30 | Andi Steiner | PACKAGING FOR A GOOD AND CONTAINER. |
US5025474A (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1991-06-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Speaker system with image projection screen |
WO1992003024A1 (en) * | 1990-08-04 | 1992-02-20 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Panel-form loudspeaker |
-
1996
- 1996-09-02 RO RO98-00644A patent/RO119054B1/en unknown
- 1996-09-02 DE DE69601732T patent/DE69601732T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-02 DK DK96929391T patent/DK0847672T3/en active
- 1996-09-02 AU AU68806/96A patent/AU702873B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-09-02 AT AT96929391T patent/ATE177581T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-02 CA CA002230704A patent/CA2230704A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-02 CN CN96196709.9A patent/CN1195462A/en active Pending
- 1996-09-02 EP EP96929391A patent/EP0847672B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-02 WO PCT/GB1996/002146 patent/WO1997009855A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-02 ES ES96929391T patent/ES2131954T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-02 EA EA199800259A patent/EA000860B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-02 JP JP9510949A patent/JPH11512250A/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-07-28 HK HK98109457A patent/HK1008651A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of EP0847672A2 * |
Cited By (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002082855A2 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-10-17 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
WO2002082855A3 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2003-10-16 | New Transducers Ltd | Loudspeaker |
GB2388272B (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2004-08-25 | New Transducers Ltd | Loudspeaker |
US7245729B2 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2007-07-17 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
US10848118B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2020-11-24 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US11431312B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2022-08-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10666216B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2020-05-26 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10158337B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US11425499B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2022-08-23 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US11202161B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2021-12-14 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US10848867B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2020-11-24 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10701505B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2020-06-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc. | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US9793872B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2017-10-17 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10069471B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2018-09-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US9883318B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2018-01-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for stereo field enhancement in two-channel audio systems |
US9741355B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2017-08-22 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for narrow bandwidth digital signal processing |
US10999695B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2021-05-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for stereo field enhancement in two channel audio systems |
US10412533B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2019-09-10 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for stereo field enhancement in two-channel audio systems |
US10313791B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2019-06-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US9906858B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2018-02-27 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10917722B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2021-02-09 | Bongiovi Acoustics, Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US11418881B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2022-08-16 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10639000B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2020-05-05 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Device for wide-band auscultation |
US11284854B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2022-03-29 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Noise reduction assembly for auscultation of a body |
US10820883B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2020-11-03 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Noise reduction assembly for auscultation of a body |
US9615813B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2017-04-11 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc. | Device for wide-band auscultation |
US9564146B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2017-02-07 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing in deep diving environment |
US9615189B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2017-04-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Artificial ear apparatus and associated methods for generating a head related audio transfer function |
US9638672B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-05-02 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for acquiring acoustic information from a resonating body |
US9906867B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2018-02-27 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US9998832B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2018-06-12 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US9621994B1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2017-04-11 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US11211043B2 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-12-28 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Audio enhanced hearing protection system |
US10959035B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2021-03-23 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA000860B1 (en) | 2000-06-26 |
ES2131954T3 (en) | 1999-08-01 |
DK0847672T3 (en) | 1999-09-27 |
EP0847672B1 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
EA199800259A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
DE69601732D1 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
RO119054B1 (en) | 2004-02-27 |
AU6880696A (en) | 1997-03-27 |
DE69601732T2 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
JPH11512250A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
CA2230704A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
EP0847672A2 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
CN1195462A (en) | 1998-10-07 |
ATE177581T1 (en) | 1999-03-15 |
HK1008651A1 (en) | 1999-05-14 |
AU702873B2 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
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