CA2230704A1 - Packaging - Google Patents
Packaging Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2230704A1 CA2230704A1 CA002230704A CA2230704A CA2230704A1 CA 2230704 A1 CA2230704 A1 CA 2230704A1 CA 002230704 A CA002230704 A CA 002230704A CA 2230704 A CA2230704 A CA 2230704A CA 2230704 A1 CA2230704 A1 CA 2230704A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- transducer
- packaging
- packaging according
- panel
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
- H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Packaging (111) comprising a board component (140), characterised in that the board is a distributed mode acoustic radiator (2) having a transducer (9) mounted wholly and exclusively on the radiator to vibrate the radiator to cause it to resonate.
Description
CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
5 TITT.~: PACKAGING
DESCRIPTION
T~CHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to packaging and more particularly to packaging incorporating loudspeakers.
BACKGROUND ART
It is known from GB-A-2262861 to suggest a panel-form loudspeaker comprising:-a resonant multi-mode radiator element being a unitary sandwich panel formed of two skins of material with a spacing core of transverse cellular construction, wherein the panel is such as to have ratio of bending stiffness (B), in all orientations, to the cube power of panel mass ~per unit surface area (~) of at least 10;
a mounting means which supports the panel or attaches to it a supporting body, in a free lln~mped manner;
~ CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
. ~
and an electro-mechanical drive means coupled to the, panel which serves to excite a multi-modal resonance in the radiator panel in response to an electrical input within a working frequency band for the loudspeaker.
US-A-4,607,747 of STEINER discloses packaging comprising means for generating a signal or melody when opening the packaging. A resiliently mounted signal generator is disclosed.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention use members of nature, structure and configuration achievable generally and/or specifically by implementing teachings of our co-pending PCT publication No. W097/09842 of' even date herewith. Such members thus have capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in operative area(s) extending transversely of thickness often but not necessarily to edges of the member(s); are configured with or without anisotropy of bending stiffness - to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said area(s) beneficially for acoustic coupling with ambient air; and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for transducer means, particularly operationally active or moving part(s) thereof effective in relation to acoustic vibrational activity in 2S said area(s) and signals, usually electrical, corresponding to acoustic content of such vibrational activity. Uses are envisaged in co pending International publication No.
W097/09842 for such members as or in "passive" acoustic ~ ~IENDED SHEET
~.
.' CA 02230704 1998-02-2~ .
devices without transducer means, such as for reverberation or for acoustic filtering or for acoustically "voicing" a space or room; and as or in "active" acoustic devices with transducer means, such as in a remarkably wide range of sources of sound or loudspeakers when supplied with input signals to be converted to said sound, or in such as microphones when exposed to sound to be converted into other signals.
This invention is particularly concerned with packaging incorporating acoustic devices e.g. in the form of loudspeakers. The term 'packaging' is intended to encompass containers generally whether or not they are disposable.
Members as above are herein called distributed mode radiators and are intended to be characterised as in the above PCT application and/or otherwise as specifically provided herein.
The invention is packaging comprising a sound generator, characterised by a board component forming a part of the pac]~aging and acting as a member having capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in at least one operative area extending transversely of thickness to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said at least one area and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for transducer means and having a transducer mounted wholly and exclusively on said member at one of said locations or sites to vibrate the member to ., , ,,. "
N~ED SHEET
) CA 02230704 1998-02-2 3a cause it to res~onate forming an acoustic radiator which provides an acoustic output when resonating. The member may comprise a cellular core sandwiched between skin layers. The member may comprise a core of foamed plastics sandwiched between sheets of craft board. The transducer may be a piezo-electric bender, and the bender may be crystalline. The member may form one side of a box. The box may have a lid, and means associated with the lid for triggering actuation of the transducer on movement of the - lid relative to the box. The packaging may comprise a signal generator, an amplifier and an electric battery to drive the transducer.
~ r!~N~E~ SHEET
-j CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention is diagrammatically illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a diagram showing a distributed-mode loudspeaker as described and claimed in our co-pending International publication No. W097/09842;
Figure 2a is a partial section on the line A-A of Figure 1;
Figure 2b is an enlarged cross-section through a distributed mode radiator of the kind shown in Figure 2a and showing two alternative constructions;
Figure 3 is a perspective diagram of an embodiment of packaging, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of a transducer.
BEST MQDES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, there is shown a panel-form loudspeaker (81) of the kind described and claimed in our co-pending International publication No.
- W097/09842 of even date herewith comprising a rectangular frame (1) carrying a resilient suspension (3) round its inner periphery which supports a distributed mode sound radiating panel (2). A transducer (9) e.g as described in detail with reference to our co-pending International publication Nos. W097/09859, WO97/09861, W097/09858 of even date herewith, is mounted wholly and exclusively on or in the panel (2) at a predetermined location defined by dimensions x and Y, the position of which location is calculated as described in our co-pending International A~;E~ S~~~ -~ -..
J CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
pu~lication No. W097/09842 of even date herewith, to launch bending waves into the panel to cause the panel to resonate to radiate an acoustic output.
The transducer (9) is driven by a signal amplifier (lO), e.g. an audio amplifier, connected to the transducer by conductors (28). Amplifier loading and power requirements can be entirely normal, similar to conventional cone type speakers, sensitivity being of the order of 86 - 88dB/watt under room loaded conditions.
Amplifier load impedance is largely resistive at 6 ohms, power handling 20-80 watts. Where the panel core and/or skins are of metal, they may be made to act as a heat sink for the transducer to remove heat from the motor coil of the transducer and thus improve power handling.
Figures 2a and 2k are partial typical cross-sections through the loudspeaker (81) of Figure 1. Figure 2a shows that the frame (1), surround (3) and panel (2) are connected together by respective adhesive-bonded joints (20). Suitable materials for the frame include lightweight framing, e.g. picture framing of extruded metal e.g.
aluminium alloy or plastics. Suitable surround materials include resilient materials such as foam rubber and foam plastics. Suitable adhesives for the joints (20) include epoxy, acrylic and cyano-acrylate etc. adhesives.
Figure 2k illustrates, to an enlarged scale, that the panel (2) is a rigid lightweight panel having a core (22) e.g. of a rigid plastics foam (97) e.g. cross linked polyvinylchloride or a cellular matrix (98) i.e. a .~
CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
W O 97/09855 PCT/GB96/021~6 honeycomb matrix of metal foil, plastics or the like, with the cells extending transversely to the plane of the panel, and enclosed by opposed skins (21) e.g. of paper, card, plastics or metal foil or sheet. Where the skins are of plastics, they may be reinforced with fibres e.g. of carbon, glass, Kevlar (RTM) or the like in a manner known Per se to increase their modulus.
Envisaged skin layer materials and reinforcements thus include carbon, glass, Kevlar (RTM), Nomex (RTM) i.e.
aramid etc. fibres in various lays and weaves, as well as paper, bonded paper laminates, melamine, and various synthetic plastics films of high modulus, such as Mylar (RTM), Kaptan (RTM), polycarbonate, phenolic, polyester or related plastics, and fibre reinforced plastics, etc. and lS metal sheet or foil. Investigation of the Vectra grade of liquid crystal polymer thermoplastics shows that they may be useful for the injection moulding of ultra thin skins or shells of smaller size, say up to around 30cm diameter.
This material self forms an orientated crystal structure in the direction of injection, a preferred orientation for the good propagation of treble energy from the driving point to the panel perimeter.
Additional such moulding for this and other thermoplastics allows for the mould tooling to carry location and registration features such as grooves or rings for the accurate location of transducer parts e.g. the motor coil, and the magnet suspension. Additional with some weaker core materials it is calculated that it would CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
be advantageous to increase the skin thickness locally e.g.
in an area or annulus up to 150% of the transducer diameter, to reinforce that area and beneficially couple vibration energy into the panel. High frequency response will be improved with the softer foam materials by this means.
Envisaged core layer materials include fabricated honeycombs or corrugations of aluminium alloy sheet or foil, or Kevlar (RTM), Nomex (RTM), plain or bonded papers, and various synthetic plastics films, as well as expanded or foamed plastics or pulp materials, even aerogel metals if of suitably low density. Some suitable core layer materials effectively exhibit usable self-skinning in their manufacture and/or otherwise have enough inherent stiffness for use without lamination between skin layers. A high performance cellular core material is known under the trade name 'Rohacell' which may be suitable as a radiator panel and which is without skins. In practical terms, the aim is for an overall lightness and stiffness suited to a particular purpose, specifically including optimising contributions from core and skin layers and transitions between them.
Several of the preferred formulations for the panel employ metal and metal alloy skins, or alternatively a carbon fibre reinforcement. Both of these, and also designs with an alloy Aerogel or metal honeycomb core, will have substantial radio frequency screening properties which should be important in several EMC applications.
CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
Conventional panel or cone type speakers have no inherent EMC screening capability.
In addition the preferred form of piezo and electro dynamic transducers have negligible electromagnetic radiation or stray magnet fields. Conventional speakers have a large magnetic field, up to 1 metre distant unless specific compensation counter measures are taken.
Where it is important to maintain the screening in an application, electrical connection can be made to the conductive parts of an appropriate DML panel or an electrically conductive foam or similar interface may be used for the edge mounting.
The suspension (3) may damp the edges of the panel (2) to prevent excessive edge movement of the panel.
Additionally or alternatively, further damping may be applied, e.g. as patches, bonded to the panel in selected positions to damp excessive movement to distribute resonance equally over the panel. The patches may be of bitumen-based material, as commonly used in conventional loudspeaker enclosures or may be of a resilient or rigid polymeric sheet material. Some materials, notably paper and card, and some cores may be self-damping. Where desired, the damping may be increased in the construction of the panels by employing resiliently setting, rather than rigid setting adhesives.
Effective said selective damping includes specific application to the panel including its sheet material of means permanently associated therewith. Edges and corners _ -CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
can be particularly significant for dominant and less dispersed low freguency vibration modes of panels hereof.
Edge-wise fixing of damping means can usefully lead to a panel with its said sheet material fully framed, though their corners can often be relatively free, say for desired extension to lower frequency operation. Attachment can be by adhesive or self-adhesive materials. Other forms of useful damping, particularly in terms of more subtle effects and/or mid- and higher frequencies can be by way of suitable mass or masses affixed to the sheet material at predetermined effective medial localised positions of said area.
An acoustic panel as described above is bi-directional. The sound energy from the back is not strongly phase related to that from the front.
Consequently there is the benefit of overall summation of acoustic power in the room, sound energy of uniform frequency distribution, reduced reflective and standing wave effects and with the advantage of superior reproduction of the natural space and ambience in the reproduced sound recordings.
While the radiation from the acoustic panel is largely non-directional, the percentage of phase related information increases off axis. For improved focus for the phantom stereo image, placement of the speakers, like pictures, at the usual standing person height, confers the benefit of a moderate off-axis placement for the normally seated listener optimising the stereo effect. Likewise the CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
triangular left/right geometry with respect to the listener provides a further angular component. Good stereo is thus obtainable. r There is a further advantage for a group of listeners 5 compared with conventional speaker reproduction. The intrinsically dispersed nature of acoustic panel sound radiation gives it a sound volume which does not obey the inverse square law for distance for an equivalent point source. Because the intensity fall-off with distance is 10 much less than predicted by inverse sguare law then consequently for off-centre and poorly placed listeners the intensity field for the panel speaker promotes a superior stereo effect compared to conventional speakers. This is because the off-centre placed listener does not suffer the 15 doubled problem due to proximity to the nearer speaker;
firstly the excessive increase in loudness from the nearer speaker, and then the corresponding decrease in loudness from the further loudspeaker.
There is also the advantage of a flat, lightweight 20 panel-form speaker, visually attractive, of good sound quality and requiring only one transducer and no crossover for a full range sound from each panel diaphragm.
Figure 3 illustrates packaging incorporating the loudspeaker technology of Figures 1 and 2. As shown in 25 Figure 3, the packaging is in the form of a box (111) having a hinged lid (139), the box, or at least part of it being made from a composite comprising a core of foamed plastics sandwiched between sheets of craft board to form CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
a panel as shown in Figure 2, such that the box comprises a rigid, lightweight distributed mode acoustic radiator as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
In the present case, the rear panel (140) of the box is used to form a distributed mode radiator loudspeaker (81), although any one of the panels making up the sides of the box would be suitable if suitably constructed. An alternative placement for the transducer (9) is shown in dotted lines.
A piezo transducer (9) as shown in Figure 4 is attached to the inner face of the rear panel (140) of the box and is driven by a sound generator/amplifier/battery unit (112) also mounted on the rear panel. The unit (112) is controlled by a switch formed integrally with a hinge (53) by which the lid (139) is secured to the box, whereby the sound generator is activated when the lid is lifted.
In this arrangement the edge termination of the panel (2) is formed by the corners of the box so that no additional frame (1) or suspension (3) of the kind shown in Figures 1 and 2 is required.
It will be appreciated that the packaging need not be of the shape shown in the drawing, and could, for example, be shaped according to the requirements of the contents.
Thus the packaging might be shaped to enclose a compact disc or the like and may be arranged to provide an audio preview of the contents of the compact disc or to provide other information relating thereto. As another example, the packaging may form a musical box. As a further example CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
the packaging may be arranged to give audio instructions concerning the contents.
Figure 4 shows a transducer (9) for a distributed mode panel (2~ in the form of a crystalline disc-like piezo bender (27) mounted on a disc (118), e.g. of brass, which is bonded to a face of the panel (2), e.g. by an adhesive bond (20). In operation an acoustic signal applied to the transducer (9) via leads (28) will cause the piezo disc (27) to bend and thus locally resiliently deform the panel (2) to launch bending waves into the panel.
5 TITT.~: PACKAGING
DESCRIPTION
T~CHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to packaging and more particularly to packaging incorporating loudspeakers.
BACKGROUND ART
It is known from GB-A-2262861 to suggest a panel-form loudspeaker comprising:-a resonant multi-mode radiator element being a unitary sandwich panel formed of two skins of material with a spacing core of transverse cellular construction, wherein the panel is such as to have ratio of bending stiffness (B), in all orientations, to the cube power of panel mass ~per unit surface area (~) of at least 10;
a mounting means which supports the panel or attaches to it a supporting body, in a free lln~mped manner;
~ CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
. ~
and an electro-mechanical drive means coupled to the, panel which serves to excite a multi-modal resonance in the radiator panel in response to an electrical input within a working frequency band for the loudspeaker.
US-A-4,607,747 of STEINER discloses packaging comprising means for generating a signal or melody when opening the packaging. A resiliently mounted signal generator is disclosed.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention use members of nature, structure and configuration achievable generally and/or specifically by implementing teachings of our co-pending PCT publication No. W097/09842 of' even date herewith. Such members thus have capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in operative area(s) extending transversely of thickness often but not necessarily to edges of the member(s); are configured with or without anisotropy of bending stiffness - to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said area(s) beneficially for acoustic coupling with ambient air; and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for transducer means, particularly operationally active or moving part(s) thereof effective in relation to acoustic vibrational activity in 2S said area(s) and signals, usually electrical, corresponding to acoustic content of such vibrational activity. Uses are envisaged in co pending International publication No.
W097/09842 for such members as or in "passive" acoustic ~ ~IENDED SHEET
~.
.' CA 02230704 1998-02-2~ .
devices without transducer means, such as for reverberation or for acoustic filtering or for acoustically "voicing" a space or room; and as or in "active" acoustic devices with transducer means, such as in a remarkably wide range of sources of sound or loudspeakers when supplied with input signals to be converted to said sound, or in such as microphones when exposed to sound to be converted into other signals.
This invention is particularly concerned with packaging incorporating acoustic devices e.g. in the form of loudspeakers. The term 'packaging' is intended to encompass containers generally whether or not they are disposable.
Members as above are herein called distributed mode radiators and are intended to be characterised as in the above PCT application and/or otherwise as specifically provided herein.
The invention is packaging comprising a sound generator, characterised by a board component forming a part of the pac]~aging and acting as a member having capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in at least one operative area extending transversely of thickness to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said at least one area and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for transducer means and having a transducer mounted wholly and exclusively on said member at one of said locations or sites to vibrate the member to ., , ,,. "
N~ED SHEET
) CA 02230704 1998-02-2 3a cause it to res~onate forming an acoustic radiator which provides an acoustic output when resonating. The member may comprise a cellular core sandwiched between skin layers. The member may comprise a core of foamed plastics sandwiched between sheets of craft board. The transducer may be a piezo-electric bender, and the bender may be crystalline. The member may form one side of a box. The box may have a lid, and means associated with the lid for triggering actuation of the transducer on movement of the - lid relative to the box. The packaging may comprise a signal generator, an amplifier and an electric battery to drive the transducer.
~ r!~N~E~ SHEET
-j CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention is diagrammatically illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a diagram showing a distributed-mode loudspeaker as described and claimed in our co-pending International publication No. W097/09842;
Figure 2a is a partial section on the line A-A of Figure 1;
Figure 2b is an enlarged cross-section through a distributed mode radiator of the kind shown in Figure 2a and showing two alternative constructions;
Figure 3 is a perspective diagram of an embodiment of packaging, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of a transducer.
BEST MQDES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, there is shown a panel-form loudspeaker (81) of the kind described and claimed in our co-pending International publication No.
- W097/09842 of even date herewith comprising a rectangular frame (1) carrying a resilient suspension (3) round its inner periphery which supports a distributed mode sound radiating panel (2). A transducer (9) e.g as described in detail with reference to our co-pending International publication Nos. W097/09859, WO97/09861, W097/09858 of even date herewith, is mounted wholly and exclusively on or in the panel (2) at a predetermined location defined by dimensions x and Y, the position of which location is calculated as described in our co-pending International A~;E~ S~~~ -~ -..
J CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
pu~lication No. W097/09842 of even date herewith, to launch bending waves into the panel to cause the panel to resonate to radiate an acoustic output.
The transducer (9) is driven by a signal amplifier (lO), e.g. an audio amplifier, connected to the transducer by conductors (28). Amplifier loading and power requirements can be entirely normal, similar to conventional cone type speakers, sensitivity being of the order of 86 - 88dB/watt under room loaded conditions.
Amplifier load impedance is largely resistive at 6 ohms, power handling 20-80 watts. Where the panel core and/or skins are of metal, they may be made to act as a heat sink for the transducer to remove heat from the motor coil of the transducer and thus improve power handling.
Figures 2a and 2k are partial typical cross-sections through the loudspeaker (81) of Figure 1. Figure 2a shows that the frame (1), surround (3) and panel (2) are connected together by respective adhesive-bonded joints (20). Suitable materials for the frame include lightweight framing, e.g. picture framing of extruded metal e.g.
aluminium alloy or plastics. Suitable surround materials include resilient materials such as foam rubber and foam plastics. Suitable adhesives for the joints (20) include epoxy, acrylic and cyano-acrylate etc. adhesives.
Figure 2k illustrates, to an enlarged scale, that the panel (2) is a rigid lightweight panel having a core (22) e.g. of a rigid plastics foam (97) e.g. cross linked polyvinylchloride or a cellular matrix (98) i.e. a .~
CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
W O 97/09855 PCT/GB96/021~6 honeycomb matrix of metal foil, plastics or the like, with the cells extending transversely to the plane of the panel, and enclosed by opposed skins (21) e.g. of paper, card, plastics or metal foil or sheet. Where the skins are of plastics, they may be reinforced with fibres e.g. of carbon, glass, Kevlar (RTM) or the like in a manner known Per se to increase their modulus.
Envisaged skin layer materials and reinforcements thus include carbon, glass, Kevlar (RTM), Nomex (RTM) i.e.
aramid etc. fibres in various lays and weaves, as well as paper, bonded paper laminates, melamine, and various synthetic plastics films of high modulus, such as Mylar (RTM), Kaptan (RTM), polycarbonate, phenolic, polyester or related plastics, and fibre reinforced plastics, etc. and lS metal sheet or foil. Investigation of the Vectra grade of liquid crystal polymer thermoplastics shows that they may be useful for the injection moulding of ultra thin skins or shells of smaller size, say up to around 30cm diameter.
This material self forms an orientated crystal structure in the direction of injection, a preferred orientation for the good propagation of treble energy from the driving point to the panel perimeter.
Additional such moulding for this and other thermoplastics allows for the mould tooling to carry location and registration features such as grooves or rings for the accurate location of transducer parts e.g. the motor coil, and the magnet suspension. Additional with some weaker core materials it is calculated that it would CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
be advantageous to increase the skin thickness locally e.g.
in an area or annulus up to 150% of the transducer diameter, to reinforce that area and beneficially couple vibration energy into the panel. High frequency response will be improved with the softer foam materials by this means.
Envisaged core layer materials include fabricated honeycombs or corrugations of aluminium alloy sheet or foil, or Kevlar (RTM), Nomex (RTM), plain or bonded papers, and various synthetic plastics films, as well as expanded or foamed plastics or pulp materials, even aerogel metals if of suitably low density. Some suitable core layer materials effectively exhibit usable self-skinning in their manufacture and/or otherwise have enough inherent stiffness for use without lamination between skin layers. A high performance cellular core material is known under the trade name 'Rohacell' which may be suitable as a radiator panel and which is without skins. In practical terms, the aim is for an overall lightness and stiffness suited to a particular purpose, specifically including optimising contributions from core and skin layers and transitions between them.
Several of the preferred formulations for the panel employ metal and metal alloy skins, or alternatively a carbon fibre reinforcement. Both of these, and also designs with an alloy Aerogel or metal honeycomb core, will have substantial radio frequency screening properties which should be important in several EMC applications.
CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
Conventional panel or cone type speakers have no inherent EMC screening capability.
In addition the preferred form of piezo and electro dynamic transducers have negligible electromagnetic radiation or stray magnet fields. Conventional speakers have a large magnetic field, up to 1 metre distant unless specific compensation counter measures are taken.
Where it is important to maintain the screening in an application, electrical connection can be made to the conductive parts of an appropriate DML panel or an electrically conductive foam or similar interface may be used for the edge mounting.
The suspension (3) may damp the edges of the panel (2) to prevent excessive edge movement of the panel.
Additionally or alternatively, further damping may be applied, e.g. as patches, bonded to the panel in selected positions to damp excessive movement to distribute resonance equally over the panel. The patches may be of bitumen-based material, as commonly used in conventional loudspeaker enclosures or may be of a resilient or rigid polymeric sheet material. Some materials, notably paper and card, and some cores may be self-damping. Where desired, the damping may be increased in the construction of the panels by employing resiliently setting, rather than rigid setting adhesives.
Effective said selective damping includes specific application to the panel including its sheet material of means permanently associated therewith. Edges and corners _ -CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
can be particularly significant for dominant and less dispersed low freguency vibration modes of panels hereof.
Edge-wise fixing of damping means can usefully lead to a panel with its said sheet material fully framed, though their corners can often be relatively free, say for desired extension to lower frequency operation. Attachment can be by adhesive or self-adhesive materials. Other forms of useful damping, particularly in terms of more subtle effects and/or mid- and higher frequencies can be by way of suitable mass or masses affixed to the sheet material at predetermined effective medial localised positions of said area.
An acoustic panel as described above is bi-directional. The sound energy from the back is not strongly phase related to that from the front.
Consequently there is the benefit of overall summation of acoustic power in the room, sound energy of uniform frequency distribution, reduced reflective and standing wave effects and with the advantage of superior reproduction of the natural space and ambience in the reproduced sound recordings.
While the radiation from the acoustic panel is largely non-directional, the percentage of phase related information increases off axis. For improved focus for the phantom stereo image, placement of the speakers, like pictures, at the usual standing person height, confers the benefit of a moderate off-axis placement for the normally seated listener optimising the stereo effect. Likewise the CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
triangular left/right geometry with respect to the listener provides a further angular component. Good stereo is thus obtainable. r There is a further advantage for a group of listeners 5 compared with conventional speaker reproduction. The intrinsically dispersed nature of acoustic panel sound radiation gives it a sound volume which does not obey the inverse square law for distance for an equivalent point source. Because the intensity fall-off with distance is 10 much less than predicted by inverse sguare law then consequently for off-centre and poorly placed listeners the intensity field for the panel speaker promotes a superior stereo effect compared to conventional speakers. This is because the off-centre placed listener does not suffer the 15 doubled problem due to proximity to the nearer speaker;
firstly the excessive increase in loudness from the nearer speaker, and then the corresponding decrease in loudness from the further loudspeaker.
There is also the advantage of a flat, lightweight 20 panel-form speaker, visually attractive, of good sound quality and requiring only one transducer and no crossover for a full range sound from each panel diaphragm.
Figure 3 illustrates packaging incorporating the loudspeaker technology of Figures 1 and 2. As shown in 25 Figure 3, the packaging is in the form of a box (111) having a hinged lid (139), the box, or at least part of it being made from a composite comprising a core of foamed plastics sandwiched between sheets of craft board to form CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
a panel as shown in Figure 2, such that the box comprises a rigid, lightweight distributed mode acoustic radiator as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
In the present case, the rear panel (140) of the box is used to form a distributed mode radiator loudspeaker (81), although any one of the panels making up the sides of the box would be suitable if suitably constructed. An alternative placement for the transducer (9) is shown in dotted lines.
A piezo transducer (9) as shown in Figure 4 is attached to the inner face of the rear panel (140) of the box and is driven by a sound generator/amplifier/battery unit (112) also mounted on the rear panel. The unit (112) is controlled by a switch formed integrally with a hinge (53) by which the lid (139) is secured to the box, whereby the sound generator is activated when the lid is lifted.
In this arrangement the edge termination of the panel (2) is formed by the corners of the box so that no additional frame (1) or suspension (3) of the kind shown in Figures 1 and 2 is required.
It will be appreciated that the packaging need not be of the shape shown in the drawing, and could, for example, be shaped according to the requirements of the contents.
Thus the packaging might be shaped to enclose a compact disc or the like and may be arranged to provide an audio preview of the contents of the compact disc or to provide other information relating thereto. As another example, the packaging may form a musical box. As a further example CA 02230704 1998-02-2~
the packaging may be arranged to give audio instructions concerning the contents.
Figure 4 shows a transducer (9) for a distributed mode panel (2~ in the form of a crystalline disc-like piezo bender (27) mounted on a disc (118), e.g. of brass, which is bonded to a face of the panel (2), e.g. by an adhesive bond (20). In operation an acoustic signal applied to the transducer (9) via leads (28) will cause the piezo disc (27) to bend and thus locally resiliently deform the panel (2) to launch bending waves into the panel.
Claims (8)
1. Packaging (111) comprising a sound generator, characterised by a board component (2) forming a part of the packaging and acting as a member (2) having capability to sustain and propagate input vibrational energy by bending waves in at least one operative area extending transversely of thickness to have resonant mode vibration components distributed over said at least one area and have predetermined preferential locations or sites within said area for transducer means and having a transducer (9) mounted wholly and exclusively on said member at one of said locations or sites to vibrate the member to cause it to resonate forming an acoustic radiator which provides an acoustic output when resonating.
2. Packaging according to claim 1, characterised in that the member (2) comprises a cellular core (22) sandwiched between skin layers (21).
3. Packaging according to claim 2, characterised in that the member (2) comprises a core (22) of foamed plastics (97) sandwiched between sheets of craft board (21).
4. Packaging according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the transducer (19) is a piezoelectric bender.
5. Packaging according to claim 4, characterised in that the bender (9) is crystalline.
6. Packaging according to any preceding claims, characterised in that the member (2) forms one side of a box (111).
7. Packaging according to claim 6, characterised in that the box (111) has a lid (139), and by means (53) associated with the lid for triggering actuation of the transducer (9) on movement of the lid relative to the box.
8. Packaging according to claim 7, characterised by a signal generator, an amplifier and an electric battery (112) to drive the transducer.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9517918.0 | 1995-09-02 | ||
GBGB9517918.0A GB9517918D0 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1995-09-02 | Acoustic device |
GB9522281.6 | 1995-10-31 | ||
GBGB9522281.6A GB9522281D0 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1995-10-31 | Acoustic device |
GBGB9606836.6A GB9606836D0 (en) | 1996-03-30 | 1996-03-30 | Acoustic device |
GB9606836.6 | 1996-03-30 | ||
PCT/GB1996/002146 WO1997009855A2 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging incorporating loudspeakers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2230704A1 true CA2230704A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
Family
ID=34865238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002230704A Abandoned CA2230704A1 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Packaging |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0847672B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11512250A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1195462A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE177581T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU702873B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2230704A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69601732T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0847672T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA000860B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2131954T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1008651A1 (en) |
RO (1) | RO119054B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997009855A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7245729B2 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2007-07-17 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
AU2002249373A1 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-10-21 | New Transducers Limited | Loudspeaker |
US11431312B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2022-08-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10158337B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US8284955B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2012-10-09 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10848118B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2020-11-24 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10069471B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2018-09-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US9615189B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2017-04-04 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Artificial ear apparatus and associated methods for generating a head related audio transfer function |
US10701505B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2020-06-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc. | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US11202161B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2021-12-14 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
US10848867B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 | 2020-11-24 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US9883318B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2018-01-30 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for stereo field enhancement in two-channel audio systems |
US9264004B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2016-02-16 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for narrow bandwidth digital signal processing |
US9906858B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2018-02-27 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing |
US10639000B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2020-05-05 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Device for wide-band auscultation |
US9615813B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2017-04-11 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc. | Device for wide-band auscultation |
US10820883B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2020-11-03 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Noise reduction assembly for auscultation of a body |
US9564146B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2017-02-07 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for digital signal processing in deep diving environment |
US9638672B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-05-02 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System and method for acquiring acoustic information from a resonating body |
WO2017087495A1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-26 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US9621994B1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2017-04-11 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Surface acoustic transducer |
US11211043B2 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-12-28 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | Audio enhanced hearing protection system |
WO2020028833A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-06 | Bongiovi Acoustics Llc | System, method, and apparatus for generating and digitally processing a head related audio transfer function |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3247925A (en) * | 1962-03-08 | 1966-04-26 | Lord Corp | Loudspeaker |
CH661022A5 (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1987-06-30 | Andi Steiner | PACKAGING FOR A GOOD AND CONTAINER. |
US5025474A (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1991-06-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Speaker system with image projection screen |
WO1992003024A1 (en) * | 1990-08-04 | 1992-02-20 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Panel-form loudspeaker |
-
1996
- 1996-09-02 RO RO98-00644A patent/RO119054B1/en unknown
- 1996-09-02 DE DE69601732T patent/DE69601732T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-02 DK DK96929391T patent/DK0847672T3/en active
- 1996-09-02 AU AU68806/96A patent/AU702873B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-09-02 AT AT96929391T patent/ATE177581T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-02 CA CA002230704A patent/CA2230704A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-02 CN CN96196709.9A patent/CN1195462A/en active Pending
- 1996-09-02 EP EP96929391A patent/EP0847672B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-02 WO PCT/GB1996/002146 patent/WO1997009855A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-02 ES ES96929391T patent/ES2131954T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-02 EA EA199800259A patent/EA000860B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-02 JP JP9510949A patent/JPH11512250A/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-07-28 HK HK98109457A patent/HK1008651A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA000860B1 (en) | 2000-06-26 |
ES2131954T3 (en) | 1999-08-01 |
DK0847672T3 (en) | 1999-09-27 |
EP0847672B1 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
EA199800259A1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
DE69601732D1 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
RO119054B1 (en) | 2004-02-27 |
AU6880696A (en) | 1997-03-27 |
DE69601732T2 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
JPH11512250A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
EP0847672A2 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
WO1997009855A2 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
CN1195462A (en) | 1998-10-07 |
ATE177581T1 (en) | 1999-03-15 |
HK1008651A1 (en) | 1999-05-14 |
AU702873B2 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
FZDE | Discontinued |