WO1997003285A1 - Heating arrangement - Google Patents

Heating arrangement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997003285A1
WO1997003285A1 PCT/EP1996/002033 EP9602033W WO9703285A1 WO 1997003285 A1 WO1997003285 A1 WO 1997003285A1 EP 9602033 W EP9602033 W EP 9602033W WO 9703285 A1 WO9703285 A1 WO 9703285A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
heating device
heating
crankcase
tube
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/002033
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Butz
Hans-Werner Holch
Heinz Müller
Original Assignee
Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh filed Critical Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh
Priority to DE59606221T priority Critical patent/DE59606221D1/en
Priority to US08/983,454 priority patent/US6044829A/en
Priority to JP9505443A priority patent/JPH11508664A/en
Priority to EP96916049A priority patent/EP0837985B1/en
Priority to MX9800253A priority patent/MX9800253A/en
Priority to CA002226875A priority patent/CA2226875C/en
Publication of WO1997003285A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997003285A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/06—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding lubricant vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F01M13/023—Control valves in suction conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K49/00—Means in or on valves for heating or cooling
    • F16K49/002—Electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/0011—Breather valves
    • F01M2013/0027—Breather valves with a de-icing or defrosting system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0455—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a de-icing or defrosting system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0472—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil using heating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating device for heating gases.
  • a device in which fuel is evaporated in the intake system of an internal combustion engine by means of hot exhaust gases.
  • a heat exchanger is arranged in the intake manifold, which is equipped with porous elements through which a fuel and air mixture flow. Part of the exhaust gases is passed through this heat exchanger.
  • An additional element namely the heat exchanger element, is required, which leads to the passage cross section being reduced very much. This inevitably increases the flow resistance.
  • Other elements for changing the temperature of gases are also known.
  • DE 20 42 907 shows a pipe which has a pipe coil inside the wall into which a temperature-changing agent is introduced.
  • this structure is very complex and only leads to a change in the temperature of the medium flowing through in the wall area.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a heating device for heating gases, which does not reduce the flow resistance and can be produced with simple means.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that an additional heating element, such as e.g. a heating grid is required, but that an element located in the flow channel is used to transfer the thermal energy.
  • this element is a valve which has at least one metallic valve plate. A PTC thermistor or a resistance heating element is arranged on this metallic plate. The heat transfer on the metallic plate ensures a uniform heating of the environment and the gases flowing through it.
  • the heating device serves to prevent freezing of lines through which the crankcase gases of an engine are supplied. In particular after a cold start of the engine and when the ambient air is cold and humid, the line through which the crankcase gases are fed to the clean air area of an air filter can ice up. This icing is effectively avoided by heating using the PTC thermistor or the resistance heating element.
  • the valve which is provided for vacuum regulation, is used.
  • a valve is arranged at the inlet of the line for the crankcase gases into the clean air area of the air filter and has the task of ensuring a sufficiently large negative pressure in the crankcase in operating states in which there is only a very low negative pressure in the clean air area of the air filter.
  • a pressure relief valve which limits a very high suction pressure in the clean air area of the air filter to a maximum value with a metallic valve plate and to provide this with the heating element.
  • a further development of the invention provides for the plastic parts to be extrusion-coated around the valve parts. This has the advantage that the valve parts are merely latched or snapped together, for example, and the plastic part forms the final shape of the valve. This reduces the installation effort and also ensures a reliable seal.
  • An alternative embodiment of the invention consists in equipping the line for supplying crankcase gases with a pipe carrying cooling water.
  • This tube runs essentially in the core of the line and thus also ensures uniform heating of the gases surrounding the tube.
  • Such a combination is particularly simple to manufacture and has the advantage that no electrical energy is required.
  • FIG. 1 shows a valve with a heating device
  • FIG. 2 shows the valve in plan view
  • FIG. 3 shows a line for crankcase gases with an integrated heat pipe
  • FIG. 4 shows a valve embedded in a plastic body
  • FIG. 5 shows a first variant of a heat pipe
  • Figure 6 shows a second variant of a heat pipe.
  • the sectional view according to FIG. 1 shows a simple plate valve which is arranged in a tube 10.
  • the crankcase gases flow through this tube according to arrow 11 into the clean air area of an air filter.
  • the valve consists of a copper plate 12 which, as shown in FIG. 2, is provided with openings 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.
  • An elastic valve plate 18 is located on the copper plate. This is not shown in FIG. 2 for better illustration of the openings.
  • the copper plate 12 is provided with a flag 19.
  • a PTC thermistor element 20 is located on this flag 19.
  • a plug contact 21, 22 is arranged on the PTC thermistor element 20 and on the copper plate 12.
  • a voltage is fed in via these plug contacts.
  • a heating current flows which heats the plate. This has the advantage that additional control devices are not required.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment.
  • the crankcase gases are passed through a hose 23.
  • the crankcase gases flow in at the upper opening 24 and leave this hose through the lower opening 25.
  • In the center of the hose there is a pipe carrying cooling water.
  • This coolant pipe 26 is on the
  • Cooling circuit of a vehicle or an engine and thus heats this hose up to the temperature range of the cooling water. This reliably prevents freezing or freezing of this line and the subsequent lines.
  • FIG. 4 shows a valve which consists of a valve or copper plate 12 with an elastic valve plate 18.
  • the valve is arranged on a tube 10.
  • the PTC thermistor element 20, which is provided with the plug contacts 21, 22, is located on the valve.
  • the plug contacts are housed in a plug housing 27.
  • the connector housing, the valve and the tube 10 are sheathed together with a plastic body in the connection area.
  • the plastic body 28 encloses the interface between the tube 10 and the valve in the region 29.
  • the plastic body 28 forms a connecting piece which can be connected to the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine.
  • the connection is made, for example, via mirror welding.
  • holes 30 can be arranged on the circumference of the tube 10, the plug part 27 or the valve, through which holes the plastic mass flows during injection molding and thus creates a positive connection.
  • FIG. 5 shows the variant of a hose 23 through which the crankcase gases are guided.
  • the crankcase gases flow in at the opening 24 and leave this hose through the opening 25.
  • a cooling water-carrying pipe 31 which has a liquid inlet 32 and a liquid return 33.
  • the tube is divided into two. The division into two can be produced by a partition 34 located in the tube. It is also possible to design this tube from two tubes lying coaxially one inside the other. In the front area of the tube, the liquid is returned. This front area is provided with a support body 35.
  • the cross-sectional loss in the area of the cooling water-carrying pipe can be compensated for by a larger diameter of the hose 23.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further variant in which a tube 23 carrying cooling water is arranged in a tube 23, which tube consists in a simple manner of a front region 36 tube bent by 180 °.
  • the bending area is arranged in a pocket 37 of the hose 23, so that this area does not lead to a loss of cross section.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a heating arrangement, in particular for preventing the freezing of pipes for delivering crankcase gas out of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine into the intake region. A valve (12, 18) comprising at least one metal plate is provided. A PTC thermistor (20) or a resistance heater is disposed on this metal plate.

Description

Heizeinrichtung Heating device
Die Erfindung betrifit eine Heizeinrichtung zur Erwärmung von Gasen.The invention relates to a heating device for heating gases.
Aus der DE-AS 23 43 185 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt bei dem im Ansaugsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine mittels heißer Abgase Kraftstoff verdampft wird. Hierzu ist im Saugrohr ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet, der mit porösen, von einem Kraftstoff luftgemisch durchströmten Elementen ausgestattet ist. Durch diesen Wärmetauscher wird ein Teil der Abgase geführt. Ein Nachteil solcher Einrichtungen besteht darin, daß ein zusätzliches Element, nämlich das Wärmetauscherelement erforderlich ist, welches dazu führt, daß der Durchtrittsquerschnitt sehr stark verringert wird. Damit erhöht sich zwangsläufig der Durchflußwiederstand. Es sind auch andere Elemente zum Verändern der Temperatur von Gasen bekannt. Beispielsweise zeigt die DE 20 42 907 ein Rohr, welches innerhalb der Wandung eine Rohrschlange aufweist in welcher ein temperaturveränderndes Mittel eingeführt wird. Dieser Aufbau ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und führt nur im Wandbereich zu einer Temperaturveränderung des durchfließenden Mediums.From DE-AS 23 43 185 a device is known in which fuel is evaporated in the intake system of an internal combustion engine by means of hot exhaust gases. For this purpose, a heat exchanger is arranged in the intake manifold, which is equipped with porous elements through which a fuel and air mixture flow. Part of the exhaust gases is passed through this heat exchanger. A disadvantage of such devices is that an additional element, namely the heat exchanger element, is required, which leads to the passage cross section being reduced very much. This inevitably increases the flow resistance. Other elements for changing the temperature of gases are also known. For example, DE 20 42 907 shows a pipe which has a pipe coil inside the wall into which a temperature-changing agent is introduced. However, this structure is very complex and only leads to a change in the temperature of the medium flowing through in the wall area.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine Heizeinrichtung zur Erwärmung von Gasen zu schaffen, die den Strömungswiderstand nicht verringert und mit einfachen Mitteln herstellbar ist.The invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a heating device for heating gases, which does not reduce the flow resistance and can be produced with simple means.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Kennzeichen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst.This problem is solved by the characteristic of the main claim.
Der wesentliche Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, daß nicht ein zusätzliches Heizelement, wie z.B. ein Heizgitter erforderlich ist, sondern daß ein Element, das sich im Strömungskanal befindet, dazu genutzt wird, die Wärmeenergie zu übertragen. Dieses Element ist in einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ein Ventil, welches wenigstens eine metallische Ventilplatte aufweist. An dieser metallischen Platte ist ein Kaltleiter oder ein Widerstandsheizelement angeordnet. Die Wärmeübertragung auf der metallischen Platte sorgt für ein gleichmäßiges Erwärmen der Umgebung bzw. der hindurchströmenden Gase.The main advantage of the invention is that an additional heating element, such as e.g. a heating grid is required, but that an element located in the flow channel is used to transfer the thermal energy. In an advantageous development of the invention, this element is a valve which has at least one metallic valve plate. A PTC thermistor or a resistance heating element is arranged on this metallic plate. The heat transfer on the metallic plate ensures a uniform heating of the environment and the gases flowing through it.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Die Heizeinrichtung dient zur Verhinderung des Einfrierens von Leitungen durch welche die Kurbelgehäusegase eines Motors zugeführt werden. Insbesondere nach einem Kaltstart des Motors und bei kalter, feuchter Umgebungsluft kann die Leitung, durch welche die Kurbelgehäusegase dem Reinluftbereich eines Luftfilters zugeführt werden, vereisen. Dieses Vereisen wird durch das Erwärmen mittels des Kaltleiters bzw. mittels des Widerstandsheizelements wirksam vermieden.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) The heating device serves to prevent freezing of lines through which the crankcase gases of an engine are supplied. In particular after a cold start of the engine and when the ambient air is cold and humid, the line through which the crankcase gases are fed to the clean air area of an air filter can ice up. This icing is effectively avoided by heating using the PTC thermistor or the resistance heating element.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das Ventil, welches zur Unterdruckregulierung vorgesehen ist, angewendet. Ein solches Ventil ist am Eintritt der Leitung für die Kurbelgehäusegase in den Reinluftbereich des Luftfilters angeordnet und hat die Aufgabe, in Betriebszuständen, in welchen nur ein sehr geringer Unterdruck im Reinluftbereich des Luftfilters herrscht, für einen ausreichend großen Unterdruck im Kurbelgehäuse zu sorgen. Selbstverständlich besteht auch die Möglichkeit, ein Druckbegrenzungsventil welches einen sehr hohen Ansaugdruck im Reinluftbereich des Luftfilters auf einen Maximalwert begrenzt, mit einer metallischen Ventilplatte auszurüsten und diese mit dem Heizelement zu versehen.According to one embodiment of the invention, the valve, which is provided for vacuum regulation, is used. Such a valve is arranged at the inlet of the line for the crankcase gases into the clean air area of the air filter and has the task of ensuring a sufficiently large negative pressure in the crankcase in operating states in which there is only a very low negative pressure in the clean air area of the air filter. Of course, it is also possible to equip a pressure relief valve which limits a very high suction pressure in the clean air area of the air filter to a maximum value with a metallic valve plate and to provide this with the heating element.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, die Ventilteile mit einem Kunststoffkörper zu umspritzen. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Ventilteile beispielsweise lediglich miteinander verrastet oder verschnappt werden und das Kunststoffteil die endgültige Form des Ventils bildet. Damit verringert sich der Montageaufwand, außerdem ist eine zuverlässige Abdichtung gewährleistet.A further development of the invention provides for the plastic parts to be extrusion-coated around the valve parts. This has the advantage that the valve parts are merely latched or snapped together, for example, and the plastic part forms the final shape of the valve. This reduces the installation effort and also ensures a reliable seal.
Eine alternative Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, die Leitung zur Zuführung von Kurbelgehäusegasen mit einem kühlwasserfuhrenden Rohr zu bestücken. Dieses Rohr verläuft im wesentlichen im Kern der Leitung und sorgt damit ebenfalls für eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung der das Rohr umgebenden Gase. Eine solche Kombination ist besonders einfach herzustellen und hat den Vorteil, daß keine elektrische Energie benötigt wird.An alternative embodiment of the invention consists in equipping the line for supplying crankcase gases with a pipe carrying cooling water. This tube runs essentially in the core of the line and thus also ensures uniform heating of the gases surrounding the tube. Such a combination is particularly simple to manufacture and has the advantage that no electrical energy is required.
Diese und weitere Merkmale von bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor.These and other features of preferred developments of the invention emerge from the description and the drawings in addition to the claims.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. The drawings show:
ERSATZBLAΓT (REGEL 26) Figur 1 ein Ventil mit einer Heizeinrichtung,SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) FIG. 1 shows a valve with a heating device,
Figur 2 das Ventil in Draufsicht,FIG. 2 shows the valve in plan view,
Figur 3 eine Leitung für Kurbelgehäusegase mit einem integrierten Wärmerohr,FIG. 3 shows a line for crankcase gases with an integrated heat pipe,
Figur 4 ein in einem Kunststoffkörper eingebettetes Ventil,FIG. 4 shows a valve embedded in a plastic body,
Figur 5 eine erste Variante eines Wärmerohrs,FIG. 5 shows a first variant of a heat pipe,
Figur 6 eine zweite Variante eines Wärmerohrs.Figure 6 shows a second variant of a heat pipe.
Die Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 1 zeigt ein einfaches Plattenventil, welches in einem Rohr 10 angeordnet ist. Durch dieses Rohr strömen die Kurbelgehäusegase gemäß Pfeil 11 in den Reinluftbereich eines Luftfilters. Das Ventil besteht aus einer Kupfeφlatte 12, welche wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, mit Durchbrüchen 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 versehen ist. Auf der Kupferplatte befindet sich eine elastische Ventilplatte 18. Diese ist in Figur 2 zur besseren Darstellung der Durchbrüche nicht gezeigt. Die Kupferplatte 12 ist mit einer Fahne 19 versehen. Auf dieser Fahne 19 befindet sich ein Kaltleiterelement 20. Auf dem Kaltleiterelement 20 und auf der Kupferplatte 12 ist jeweils ein Steckkontakt 21, 22 angeordnet. Über diese Steckkontakte wird eine Spannung eingespeist. Sobald die Temperatur der Kupfeφlatte und damit auch des mit der Kupfeφlatte verbundenen Kaltleiters unter einen bestimmten Bezugspunkt fallt, fließt ein Heizstrom der die Platte erwärmt. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß zusätzliche Regeleinrichtungen nicht erforderlich sind.The sectional view according to FIG. 1 shows a simple plate valve which is arranged in a tube 10. The crankcase gases flow through this tube according to arrow 11 into the clean air area of an air filter. The valve consists of a copper plate 12 which, as shown in FIG. 2, is provided with openings 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. An elastic valve plate 18 is located on the copper plate. This is not shown in FIG. 2 for better illustration of the openings. The copper plate 12 is provided with a flag 19. A PTC thermistor element 20 is located on this flag 19. A plug contact 21, 22 is arranged on the PTC thermistor element 20 and on the copper plate 12. A voltage is fed in via these plug contacts. As soon as the temperature of the copper plate and thus also the PTC thermistor connected to the copper plate falls below a certain reference point, a heating current flows which heats the plate. This has the advantage that additional control devices are not required.
Figur 3 zeigt eine alternative Ausführung. Hier werden die Kurbelgehäusegase durch einen Schlauch 23 geführt. Die Kurbelgehäusegase strömen an der oberen Öffnung 24 ein und verlassen dieses Schlauch durch die untere Öffnung 25. Im Zentrum des Schlauchs befindet sich ein kühlwasserführendes Rohr. Dieses kühlwasserführende Rohr 26 ist an denFigure 3 shows an alternative embodiment. Here the crankcase gases are passed through a hose 23. The crankcase gases flow in at the upper opening 24 and leave this hose through the lower opening 25. In the center of the hose there is a pipe carrying cooling water. This coolant pipe 26 is on the
Kühlkreislaufeines Fahrzeugs bzw. eines Motors angeschlossen und erwärmt damit diesen Schlauch bis in den Temperaturbereich des Kühlwassers. Damit wird in zuverlässiger Weise das Einfrieren oder Vereisen von dieser Leitung und der nachfolgenden Leitungen verhindert.Cooling circuit of a vehicle or an engine and thus heats this hose up to the temperature range of the cooling water. This reliably prevents freezing or freezing of this line and the subsequent lines.
ERSATZBLÄΓT (REGEL 26) Der Schlauch selbst ist mit zwei zylindrischen Ansätzen versehen, durch welche das Rohr einfach zu montieren ist und durch entsprechende Vorspannung ausreichend dicht wird.SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) The hose itself is provided with two cylindrical lugs, through which the pipe is easy to assemble and becomes sufficiently tight by appropriate pre-tensioning.
In Figur 4 ist ein Ventil gezeigt, welches aus einer Ventil- bzw. Kupfeφlatte 12 mit einer elastischen Ventilplatte 18. Das Ventil ist an einem Rohr 10 angeordnet. An dem Ventil befinden sich das Kaltleiterelement 20, welches mit den Steckkontakten 21, 22 versehen ist. Die Steckkontakte sind in einem Steckergehäuse 27 untergebracht. Das Steckergehäuse, das Ventil und das Rohr 10, sind gemeinsam mit einem Kunststoffköφer im Verbindungsbereich ummantelt. Der Kunststoffköφer 28 umschließt im Bereich 29 die Nahtstelle zwischen Rohr 10 und Ventil. Außerdem bildet der Kunststoffköφer 28 einen Anschlußstutzen, welcher mit dem Ansaugrohr einer Brennkraftmaschine verbunden werden kann. Die Verbindung erfolgt beispielsweise über eine Spiegelverschweißung. Zur optimalen Verbindung der Teile miteinander können umfangsseitig an Rohr 10, dem Steckerteil 27 oder dem Ventil Bohrungen 30 angeordnet sein, durch welche die Kunststoffmasse beim Spritzgießen fließt und damit eine formschlüssige Verbindung schafft.FIG. 4 shows a valve which consists of a valve or copper plate 12 with an elastic valve plate 18. The valve is arranged on a tube 10. The PTC thermistor element 20, which is provided with the plug contacts 21, 22, is located on the valve. The plug contacts are housed in a plug housing 27. The connector housing, the valve and the tube 10 are sheathed together with a plastic body in the connection area. The plastic body 28 encloses the interface between the tube 10 and the valve in the region 29. In addition, the plastic body 28 forms a connecting piece which can be connected to the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine. The connection is made, for example, via mirror welding. For optimum connection of the parts to one another, holes 30 can be arranged on the circumference of the tube 10, the plug part 27 or the valve, through which holes the plastic mass flows during injection molding and thus creates a positive connection.
Figur 5 zeigt die Variante eines Schlauches 23, durch welchen die Kurbelgehäusegase geführt werden. Die Kurbelgehäusegase strömen an der Öffnung 24 ein und verlassen diesen Schlauch durch die Öffnung 25. Im Schlauch befindet sich ein kühlwasserführendes Rohr 31, welches einen Flüssigkeitszulauf 32 und einen Flüssigkeitsrücklauf 33 aufweist. Das Rohr ist zweigeteilt. Die Zweiteilung kann durch eine im Rohr befindliche Trennwand 34 hergestellt werden. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dieses Rohr aus zwei koaxial ineinanderliegenden Rohren auszugestalten. Im vorderen Bereich des Rohres wird die Flüssigkeit wieder zurückgeleitet. Dieser Vorderbereich ist mit einem Stützköφer 35 versehen. Der Querschnittsverlust im Bereich des kühlwasserführenden Rohres kann durch einen größeren Durchmesser des Schlauches 23 ausgeglichen werden.Figure 5 shows the variant of a hose 23 through which the crankcase gases are guided. The crankcase gases flow in at the opening 24 and leave this hose through the opening 25. In the hose there is a cooling water-carrying pipe 31 which has a liquid inlet 32 and a liquid return 33. The tube is divided into two. The division into two can be produced by a partition 34 located in the tube. It is also possible to design this tube from two tubes lying coaxially one inside the other. In the front area of the tube, the liquid is returned. This front area is provided with a support body 35. The cross-sectional loss in the area of the cooling water-carrying pipe can be compensated for by a larger diameter of the hose 23.
Figur 6 zeigt eine weitere Variante bei dem in einem Schlauch 23 ein kühlwasserführendes Rohr angeordnet ist, welches in einfacher Weise aus einem vorderen Bereich 36 um 180° gebogenes Rohr besteht. Der Biegebereich ist in einer Tasche 37 des Schlauches 23 angeordnet, so daß dieser Bereich nicht zu einem Querschnittsverlust führt. FIG. 6 shows a further variant in which a tube 23 carrying cooling water is arranged in a tube 23, which tube consists in a simple manner of a front region 36 tube bent by 180 °. The bending area is arranged in a pocket 37 of the hose 23, so that this area does not lead to a loss of cross section.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Heizeinrichtung insbesondere zur Verhinderung des Einfrierens oder Vereisens von Leitungen zur Zuführung von Kurbelgehäusegase aus dem Kurbelgehäuse einer Brennkraftmaschine in den Ansaugbereich, wobei ein Element zum Erwärmen der Kurbelgehäusegase vorgesehen ist.1. Heating device in particular to prevent freezing or icing of lines for supplying crankcase gases from the crankcase of an internal combustion engine into the intake area, an element for heating the crankcase gases being provided.
2. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element ein Ventil (12, 18) ist, welches mindestens eine metallische Platte (12) aufweist und an dieser metallischen Platte (12) ein Kaltleiter (20) und ein Widerstandsheizelement vorgesehen ist.2. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the element is a valve (12, 18) which has at least one metallic plate (12) and on this metallic plate (12) a PTC thermistor (20) and a resistance heating element is provided.
3. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventil (12, 18) ein Druckregelventil ist.3. Heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the valve (12, 18) is a pressure control valve.
4. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventil ein Durchflußbegrenzungsventil ist.4. Heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the valve is a flow limiting valve.
5. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventilteile mit einem Kunststoffköφer umspritzt sind.5. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve parts are extrusion-coated with a plastic body.
6. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventilteile miteinander verschnappt oder verrastet sind und Kavitäten aufweisen, die eine Verzahnung des Kunststoffteils ermöglichen.6. Heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the valve parts are snapped together or locked and have cavities which enable a toothing of the plastic part.
7. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Leitung (23) ein kühlwasserführendes Rohr (26) zum Erwärmen der Kurbelgehäusegase bis in den Bereich der Kühlwassertemperatur angeordnet ist.7. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the line (23) a coolant pipe (26) for heating the crankcase gases is arranged in the range of the cooling water temperature.
8. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das kühlwasserführende Rohr aus zwei koaxial ineinander liegenden Rohren mit einem Vor- und Rücklauf oder aus zwei nebeneinander liegenden Rohren mit Vor- und Rücklauf besteht.8. Heating device according to claim 7, characterized in that the coolant-carrying pipe consists of two coaxially nested pipes with a forward and return flow or from two adjacent pipes with forward and return flow.
9. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Rohr (26) ein Anschluß für den Zu- und Rücklauf des Kühlwassers vorgesehen ist. 9. Heating device according to claim 8, characterized in that a connection for the supply and return of the cooling water is provided on the tube (26).
PCT/EP1996/002033 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating arrangement WO1997003285A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59606221T DE59606221D1 (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 HEATING DEVICE
US08/983,454 US6044829A (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating arrangement
JP9505443A JPH11508664A (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating equipment
EP96916049A EP0837985B1 (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating arrangement
MX9800253A MX9800253A (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating arrangement.
CA002226875A CA2226875C (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating arrangement

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19525542.9 1995-07-13
DE19525542A DE19525542A1 (en) 1995-07-13 1995-07-13 Heating device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997003285A1 true WO1997003285A1 (en) 1997-01-30

Family

ID=7766736

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/002033 WO1997003285A1 (en) 1995-07-13 1996-05-11 Heating arrangement

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6044829A (en)
EP (1) EP0837985B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11508664A (en)
KR (1) KR100472875B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2226875C (en)
CZ (1) CZ287900B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19525542A1 (en)
MX (1) MX9800253A (en)
WO (1) WO1997003285A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2796120A1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-12 Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F Heater element for escaping gas from crankcase of internal combustion engine has shoulder for securing clamp and has ceramic valve seat with profiled section
FR2891317A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-03-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Crankcase gas processing method for internal combustion engine, involves diluting crankcase gas with diluent gas e.g. air, that is drier than crankcase gas, if ambient temperature is less than specific degrees
EP2284194A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2011-02-16 AstraZeneca AB Antibodies directed to angiopoietin-2 and uses thereof

Families Citing this family (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19717040C1 (en) * 1997-04-23 1998-11-26 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Venting device in a vent line leading to an intake manifold arrangement of an internal combustion engine
DE19846282B4 (en) * 1998-10-08 2006-12-07 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Electric heater
DE20014711U1 (en) 2000-08-25 2000-11-23 Mann & Hummel Filter Device for recirculating gas on an internal combustion engine
DE10061307A1 (en) * 2000-12-08 2002-07-11 Mann & Hummel Filter Diaphragm valve with a spring-supported diaphragm
CA2378997A1 (en) * 2001-04-23 2002-10-23 Huron, Inc. Engine intake off gas heater
ATE412111T1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2008-11-15 Cooper Standard Automotive Inc HEATED CRANKCASE BREATHER VALVE AND HEATED HOSE ASSEMBLY
ATE366352T1 (en) * 2001-11-23 2007-07-15 Dbk David & Baader Gmbh PRESSURE REGULATOR VALVE, ESPECIALLY FOR BLOWBY GASES AND HEATING DEVICE THEREOF
US6546921B1 (en) * 2002-04-30 2003-04-15 Miniature Precision Components Heated PCV valve
DE10261227A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-07-22 Walter Ag Integrated tool manufacturing facility and process
FR2851315A1 (en) 2003-02-19 2004-08-20 Coutier Moulage Gen Ind Fluid flow regulating valve for internal combustion engine, has throttle valve that is arranged in body and moved between rest and work position, and supply unit coupled to heat distributor of heating device
DE50304484D1 (en) * 2003-09-10 2006-09-14 Dbk David & Baader Gmbh Electric heater for blow-by, fluid conduit and method of installation
SE527027C2 (en) * 2004-04-29 2005-12-06 Saab Automobile Crankcase
DE102004031499B4 (en) * 2004-06-30 2009-08-13 Daimler Ag Crankcase vent line
US20060027218A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-09 Cripps Arthur B Jr Positive crankcase ventilation valve
US7316226B2 (en) * 2005-04-22 2008-01-08 Miniature Precision Components, Inc. Heated PCV system
JP4683487B2 (en) * 2006-02-22 2011-05-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine with breather device
JP4683484B2 (en) * 2006-02-14 2011-05-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine with breather device
JP4683483B2 (en) * 2006-02-14 2011-05-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine with breather device
US7537000B2 (en) * 2006-02-14 2009-05-26 Honda Motor Co., Ltd Engine with breather apparatus
JP4683485B2 (en) * 2006-02-21 2011-05-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine with breather device
FR2900455B1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2008-07-04 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas TWO BUTTERFLY VALVE ACTUATED BY A COMMON ENGINE
DE202006010709U1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2007-11-22 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Cylinder head cover for an internal combustion engine
DE202008006606U1 (en) * 2008-05-15 2009-09-24 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Valve unit, in particular for venting a crankcase of an internal combustion engine and crankcase ventilation system
US8205603B2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-06-26 International Engine Intellectual Property, Llc Method and apparatus for reducing blow-by coking
JP6126988B2 (en) * 2013-12-25 2017-05-10 株式会社ニフコ PCV valve
JP5913704B1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2016-04-27 明生 松本 Electrode connection for blow-by gas heater and blow-by gas heater using the same
WO2017033548A1 (en) * 2015-08-26 2017-03-02 ヤンマー株式会社 Engine device
DE102017111696A1 (en) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fluid valve of a charge air duct
CN109578109B (en) * 2017-09-29 2021-05-18 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 Engine oil-gas separator, cyclone separation assembly and control method of cyclone separation assembly
DE102018211450B3 (en) * 2018-07-11 2019-08-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Diagnostic connection device of a ventilation device for an internal combustion engine
CN115773166B (en) * 2022-11-29 2024-04-12 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Structure and method for preventing crankcase ventilation pipeline from icing

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE495867C (en) * 1926-07-28 1930-04-12 Julius Lehmann Device to prevent freezing of the pressure reducing valve
GB535438A (en) * 1939-12-16 1941-04-09 Griffith Annesley Improvements relating to the supply of sump vapours to the mixture intakes of internal combustion engines
FR2013859A1 (en) * 1968-07-27 1970-04-10 Daimler Benz Ag
US3594020A (en) * 1969-04-24 1971-07-20 Stanadyne Inc Fastening means for crankcase vent valve
DE2249802A1 (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-04-26 Gen Motors Corp CRANKCASE BREATHER VALVE FOR COMBUSTION MACHINERY
US3733459A (en) * 1971-02-09 1973-05-15 C Lengstorf Internal heating device for air valves
GB2158153A (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd Heating i.c. engine crankcase blow-by gases
GB2158152A (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd Heating i.c. engine PCV valves
EP0351521A2 (en) * 1988-07-21 1990-01-24 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Crankcase ventilation
EP0471142A2 (en) * 1990-07-11 1992-02-19 FILTERWERK MANN & HUMMEL GMBH Pressure regulating valve for the installation in a vent conduit of a combustion engine
US5499604A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-03-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Positive crank ventilation apparatus for an engine system

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3088447A (en) * 1961-12-05 1963-05-07 Alvin H Tutt Control for automotive exhaust air pollution
GB1277398A (en) * 1969-10-22 1972-06-14 Nissan Motor Crankcase ventilating system for fuel injection type internal combustion engine
JPS5552049Y2 (en) * 1976-01-31 1980-12-03
DE7825072U1 (en) * 1978-08-23 1978-12-21 Pierburg Gmbh & Co Kg, 4040 Neuss DEVICE FOR HEATING THE SUCTION MANIFOLD OF AN EXTERNAL IGNITION COMBUSTION MACHINE
DE2841264C2 (en) * 1978-09-22 1984-11-29 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Internal combustion engine with an intake manifold
DE3118422A1 (en) * 1981-05-09 1982-12-02 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Fuel preparation device
US4768493A (en) * 1984-04-27 1988-09-06 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Blow-by gas heating system for internal combustion engines
DE8700287U1 (en) * 1987-01-07 1987-02-26 Deutsche Vitrohm Gmbh & Co Kg, 2080 Pinneberg Device for heating the intake air and/or the intake mixture in an internal combustion engine
DE3816174A1 (en) * 1988-05-11 1989-11-23 Knecht Filterwerke Gmbh CONTROL HOUSING FOR AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM IN VEHICLES
DD301817B5 (en) * 1989-01-02 1994-03-31 Espv Elektronik Sys Prod & Vertriebs Gmbh SELF-CONTROLLING ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE WITH PTC HEATING ELEMENTS
US5024203A (en) * 1990-08-22 1991-06-18 Sealed Power Technologies, L.P. PCV oil separator system
DE4130856A1 (en) * 1990-11-17 1992-05-21 Stihl Maschf Andreas Two=stroke engine with heated carburettor - is for motor chain saw or similar and has crankcase connected with cylinder combustion chamber by overflow channels controlled by piston

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE495867C (en) * 1926-07-28 1930-04-12 Julius Lehmann Device to prevent freezing of the pressure reducing valve
GB535438A (en) * 1939-12-16 1941-04-09 Griffith Annesley Improvements relating to the supply of sump vapours to the mixture intakes of internal combustion engines
FR2013859A1 (en) * 1968-07-27 1970-04-10 Daimler Benz Ag
US3594020A (en) * 1969-04-24 1971-07-20 Stanadyne Inc Fastening means for crankcase vent valve
US3733459A (en) * 1971-02-09 1973-05-15 C Lengstorf Internal heating device for air valves
DE2249802A1 (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-04-26 Gen Motors Corp CRANKCASE BREATHER VALVE FOR COMBUSTION MACHINERY
GB2158153A (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd Heating i.c. engine crankcase blow-by gases
GB2158152A (en) * 1984-04-27 1985-11-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd Heating i.c. engine PCV valves
EP0351521A2 (en) * 1988-07-21 1990-01-24 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Crankcase ventilation
EP0471142A2 (en) * 1990-07-11 1992-02-19 FILTERWERK MANN & HUMMEL GMBH Pressure regulating valve for the installation in a vent conduit of a combustion engine
US5499604A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-03-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Positive crank ventilation apparatus for an engine system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2796120A1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-12 Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F Heater element for escaping gas from crankcase of internal combustion engine has shoulder for securing clamp and has ceramic valve seat with profiled section
EP2284194A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2011-02-16 AstraZeneca AB Antibodies directed to angiopoietin-2 and uses thereof
EP3699191A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2020-08-26 MedImmune Limited Antibodies directed to angiopoietin-2 and uses thereof
FR2891317A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-03-30 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Crankcase gas processing method for internal combustion engine, involves diluting crankcase gas with diluent gas e.g. air, that is drier than crankcase gas, if ambient temperature is less than specific degrees
WO2007039690A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA Method and device for treating the crankcase gases of an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11508664A (en) 1999-07-27
CA2226875A1 (en) 1997-01-30
EP0837985A1 (en) 1998-04-29
DE19525542A1 (en) 1997-01-16
CZ8498A3 (en) 1998-07-15
MX9800253A (en) 1998-04-30
KR19990028848A (en) 1999-04-15
CZ287900B6 (en) 2001-03-14
EP0837985B1 (en) 2000-12-13
US6044829A (en) 2000-04-04
DE59606221D1 (en) 2001-01-18
CA2226875C (en) 2007-01-09
KR100472875B1 (en) 2005-05-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0837985A1 (en) Heating arrangement
EP1375997B1 (en) Heating device for a pipe and method of production
DE3026802C2 (en) Cooling device for an electronic control device
DE3032067C2 (en)
EP1433994B1 (en) Heating device for blowby gas duct and method of production
EP0305854A2 (en) Heating device for diesel oil or heating oil for an engine or a burner
WO2007006393A1 (en) Tank heater
DE69722941T2 (en) INJECTION EQUIPMENT
DE102008006323B4 (en) Reductant supply system for an exhaust gas purification catalyst of an internal combustion engine and plug connection for connecting heated liquid lines
EP1144837B1 (en) Fuel supply pump for a vehicle and a fuel supply system equipped with said fuel supply pump
DE102017207738A1 (en) Electric heater
DE19643943B4 (en) Ansaugluftzuführaufbau
DE60108178T2 (en) COLD STORAGE SYSTEM FOR DIESEL ENGINES WITH FAST DIRECT INJECTION
EP1515010B1 (en) Electric heating element for an engine breather system, fluid duct and method of construction
DE102008001998A1 (en) Fuel supply system for a gas-fueled internal combustion engine
DE4326372C2 (en) Exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine
DE3741281A1 (en) Diesel heater
EP1432497A1 (en) Device for secondary treatment of exhaust gases
EP1348850A1 (en) Throttle valve body with heating device
EP1101534B1 (en) Heated nozzle for use in screen washing devices
DE3150760A1 (en) BURNER ARRANGEMENT FOR LIQUID FUEL
DE102019201401A1 (en) Fuel injector with a heated injector needle to supply an internal combustion engine with fuel
DE3537566C1 (en) Electrical heating device for preheating of the fuel of internal combustion engines, especially diesel engines
DE102020126800B3 (en) Exhaust gas burner for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle, and an assembly method for an exhaust gas burner with an integrated cooling circuit
DE102011002144A1 (en) Method for actuating electric heater used in motor car, involves resistance heating element to which power supply is reduced or shutdown, when measured resistance is greater than or equal to positive temperature coefficient resistor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BR CA CN CZ JP KR MX US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1996916049

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: PA/a/1998/000253

Country of ref document: MX

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 1997 505443

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1019980700149

Country of ref document: KR

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: PV1998-84

Country of ref document: CZ

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2226875

Country of ref document: CA

Ref country code: CA

Ref document number: 2226875

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 08983454

Country of ref document: US

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1996916049

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: PV1998-84

Country of ref document: CZ

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1019980700149

Country of ref document: KR

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1996916049

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: PV1998-84

Country of ref document: CZ

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1019980700149

Country of ref document: KR