WO1996037173B1 - Tampon applicator barrel and method for making same from a soft, flexible composition - Google Patents
Tampon applicator barrel and method for making same from a soft, flexible compositionInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996037173B1 WO1996037173B1 PCT/US1996/007330 US9607330W WO9637173B1 WO 1996037173 B1 WO1996037173 B1 WO 1996037173B1 US 9607330 W US9607330 W US 9607330W WO 9637173 B1 WO9637173 B1 WO 9637173B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tampon applicator
- applicator barrel
- barrel
- styrene
- tampon
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 22
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 13
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 12
- 229920000468 Polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 7
- 229920002725 Thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 6
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000111 anti-oxidant Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 210000001215 Vagina Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- FUSNPOOETKRESL-ZPHPHTNESA-N (Z)-N-octadecyldocos-13-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC FUSNPOOETKRESL-ZPHPHTNESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MLJRLEGXZUNRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-ditert-butylphenol;phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 MLJRLEGXZUNRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ROHFBIREHKPELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]prop-2-enoic acid;methane Chemical compound C.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O.CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CC(=C)C(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O ROHFBIREHKPELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Abstract
There is provided a composition comprising a unique polymeric compound that provides a soft, flexible product. There is also provided a unique polymeric tampon applicator that is soft and flexible. When used as a tampon applicator barrel, the barrel is more comfortable and has improved ease of insertion. The polymeric compound primarily comprises a thermoplastic resin and a block copolymer that exhibit unique load, energy and modulus of elasticity properties. The polymeric compound should also include a plasticizer and a compatibilizer/flow modifier, and may include a slip/mold release agent, an antioxidant, and even a pigment. There is also provided a method for making the polymeric compound that will be formed into a product, such as an applicator or applicator barrel in which all of the above ingredients, except for the thermoplastic resin, are combined and formed into soft pellets. The soft resin pellets are then dry blended with pellets of the thermoplastic resin. The mixture of the thermoplastic resin pellets and the soft resin pellets are then melted and injection molded into the desired shape. There is thus provided a method of making a soft, polymeric tampon applicator or tampon applicator barrel.
Claims
AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 18 November 1996 (18 11 96);
original claims 1, 4, 9, 33 and 43 amended; remaining claims unchanged (4 pages)]
1. A tampon applicator barrel, adapted to accept a plunger, said barrel comprising: a thermoplastic resin; and a thermoplastic elastomer in an amount sufficient to adjust elasticity so that the modulus of elasticity of the tampon applicator barrel is less than about 53 psi.
2. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 1, wherein the modulus of elasticity is less than about 46 psi. 3. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 1, wherein the tampon applicator barrel has an outside diameter about 0.67 inches, a wall thickness about 0.027 inches, and the modulus of elasticity is about 32 psi. 4. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 1, wherein the tampon applicator barrel has an outside diameter about 0.60 inches and a wall thickness about 0.027 inches, and the modulus of elasticity is less than about 32 psi. 5. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 3, wherein said thermoplastic elastomer is sufficient to adjust the energy needed to compress the tampon applicator barrel by 0.025 inches to less than 0.26 lbs.-inch. 6. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 4, wherein said thermoplastic elastomer is sufficient to adjust the energy needed to compress the tampon applicator barrel by 0.025 inches to about 0.22 lbs.-inch.
7. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 3, wherein said thermoplastic elastomer is sufficient to adjust the supportable load of the tampon applicator to less than 2.06 lbs.
8. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 4, wherein the supportable load of the tampon applicator is about 1.74 lbs.
9. A tampon applicator barrel, adapted to accept a plunger, said barrel having an outside diameter about 0.56 inches and a wall thickness about 0.027 inches, comprising: a thermoplastic resin; and a thermoplastic elastomer in an amount sufficient to adjust elasticity so that the modulus of elasticity of the tampon applicator barrel is less than 79 psi.
10. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 9, wherein the modulus of elasticity is about 39 psi.
11. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 9, wherein said thermoplastic elastomeric is sufficient to adjust the energy needed to compress the tampon applicator barrel by 0.025 inches to less than 0.36 lbs.-inch.
12. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 11, wherein the energy needed to compress the tampon applicator barrel by 0.025 inches is about 0.25 lbs.-inch.
13. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 9, wherein said thermoplastic elastomeric is sufficient to adjust the
31. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 30, further comprising stearyl erucamide.
32. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 31, further comprising an antioxidant.
33. A tampon applicator barrel, adapted to accept a plunger, said applicator barrel having a soft, flexible body for comfort and ease of insertion into the vagina comprising: a low density polyethylene; at least three styrene-butadiene-styrene block
copolymers, each styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer having percentage by weight of styrene different than that of the other two block copolymers; a compatibilizer/flow modifier; and a plastieizer.
34. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 33, further comprising an antioxidant. 35. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 33, further comprising a slip/mold release agent.
36. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 33, wherein a first of said at least three block copolymers has about 29 percent by weight of styrene.
37. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 36, wherein a second of said at least three block copolymers has about 31 percent by weight of styrene.
38. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 37, wherein a third of said at least three block copolymers has about 43 percent by weight of styrene. 39. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 33, wherein said low density polyethylene is about 25 to about 75 percent by weight of the total weight of the tampon applicator barrel.
40. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 33, wherein said each styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers is present in an amount about 5.5 to about 16.6 percent by weight of the total weight of the tampon applicator barrel.
41. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 33, wherein said compatibilizer/flow modifier is an ethylene copolymer, arid wherein said plasticizer is mineral oil.
42. The tampon applicator barrel of claim 34, wherein said antioxidant is at least two antioxidants, and wherein said at least two antioxidants are tetrakis [methylene (3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)] methane and tris (2,4- di-tert-butyl phenol) phosphite.
43. A tampon applicator barrel, adapted to receive a plunger, said applicator barrel having a soft, flexible body for comfort and ease of insertion into the vagina comprising; a low density polyethylene; at least three styrene-butadiene-styrene block
copolymers, each styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer
STATEMENT UNDER ARTICLE 19
This application now contains claims 1 through 66, Claims 1, 4, 9, 33, and 43 have been amended.
Claims 4 and 9 have been amended to correct innocuous typographical errors and omissions. Also, each of claims 1, 9, 33, and 43 have been amended to make clear that the tampon applicator barrel of the invention is of the type used in combination with a plunger, for insertion of the tampon. This aspect of the invention is supported by the original disclosure at page 7, lines 6-9, which describes a tampon
applicator having an applicator barrel formed of the polymeric compound of the present invention, and a plunger made of a less expensive material. Therefore, it is clear that no new matter has been inserted into the application.
The search report cites as particularly relevant, considered alone, the following United States patents:
U.S. Patent No. 5,300,005 to Vitkuske et al., ("Vitkuske et al. patent"), which issued on March 26,
1991, titled COPOLYMER BLENDS, applied to claims 49-65 of the application; this patent was further considered relevant to the examination of claims 1-66 of the application when considered in combination with other cited patents.
The search report cites as particularly relevant, when combined with other documents, the following U.S. Patents:
U.S. Patent No. 5,135,475 to Nakanishi et al.
("Nakanishi et al. patent"), which issued on August 4,
1992, titled APPLICATOR FOR THE USE OF SANITARY GOODS SUCH AS TAMPONS, ETC, applied to claims 1-66 of the application;
U.S. Patent No. 5,212,219 to Griffin ("Griffin patent") , which issued on May 18, 1993, titled
DEGRADABLE PLASTICS, applied to claims 1-66 of the application:
U.S. Patent No. 5,198,495 to Fasulo et al.
{"Fasulo et al. patent"), which issued on March 30, 1993, titled BLENDS BASED ON VINYL-AROMATIC POLYMERS ENDOWED WITH HIGH MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS, applied to claims 49-66 of the application;
U.S. Patent No. 4,775,711 to Kawamura et al.
("Kawamura et al. patent"), which issued on October 4, 1988, titled MOLDING ELASTOMERIC COMPOSITION, applied to claims 1-66 of the application;
U.S. Patent No. 4,678,834 to Boivin et al.
("Boivin et al. patent"), which issued on July 7, 1987, titled BLENDS OF POLYOLEFINS WITH POLYMERS CONTAINING REACTIVE AGENTS, applied to claims 1-66 of the
application; and
U.S. Patent No. 3,424,649 to Nyberg et al.
("Nyberg et al. patent"), which issued on January 28, 1969, titled DIENE-MONOVINYLARENE BLOCK COPOLYMER- POLYOLEFIN LAMINATES, applied to claims 1-66 of the application.
Independent claim 1 provides a tampon applicator barrel, adapted to receive a plunger, comprising a thermoplastic elastomer in an amount sufficient to
adjust elasticity so that the modulus of elasticity of the tampon applicator barrel is less than about 53 psi. The purpose of the invention is to provide a plunger- type tampon applicator, which was previously provided with a substantially rigid barrel, with some degree of flexibility. This flexibility allows for a more comfortable insertion of the tampon.
The Nakanishi et al. patent is directed to a tampon applicator for digital insertion of a tampon, in which the finger is used in place of a plunger.
Previously, such tampons comprised only an absorbent material and a string. The cited patent attempted to improve the manner in which the digitally inserted tampon is applied, by applying a flexible sheet of elastomeric material around the absorbent material (referred to as an applicator barrel), the applicator barrel being provided with a clamping portion formed as a large diameter ring, on one end thereof. To insert the tampon, the finger is inserted through the ring of the clamping portion to provide pressure on the
absorbent material within the applicator barrel. This pressure causes perforations in an end of the
accommodating barrel distal from the clamping portion to break, allowing passage of the absorbent material through the applicator barrel.
Because the tampon applicator of the patent is adapted for digital insertion, the applicator barrel does not need to have sufficient rigidity to allow for the movement of a plunger there-through. The
applicator barrel of the Nakaniεhi et al. patent is completely flexible and cannot be used in combination with a plunger. Therefore, the subject matter of the patent would neither teach nor suggest the invention of claim 1. The remaining patents cited are directed to polymeric materials and no combination thereof would suggest the invention of claim 1.
Claims 2-8 and 16-32 depend either directly or indirectly on claim 1 and are distinguished from the cited art for the reasons stated above. Independent claim 9 is similar to claim 1 in scope, differing in the required elasticity of the applicator barrel and in the specification of a preferred outside barrel
diameter and barrel wall thickness. For the reasons stated above, it is believed that claim 9, as well as claims 10-14, which depend either directly or
indirectly thereon, have also been distinguished from the prior art.
Independent claim 33 is similarly directed to a tampon applicator barrel, adapted to accept a plunger, having a soft, flexible body. The applicator barrel of this claim is formed of a low density polyethylene, at least three styrene-butadiene-styrene block polymers each having a different amount of styrene component, a flow modifier and a plasticizer. Of the cited patents, only the Nakanishi et al. patent is directed to a tampon applicator, and the applicator thereof has been distinguished from those of the present invention for the reasons stated above. The remaining patents only disclose various polymeric materials and fail to teach or suggest the use of any specific material to form a tampon applicator barrel, adapted to accept a plunger, having any degree of increased flexibility. Therefore, it is believed that claim 33, as well as claims 34-42, which depend either directly or indirectly thereon, also distinguish over the cited prior art.
Independent claim 43 is similar in scope to claim 33, as described above, but further requires the presence of a plurality of antioxidants, and a
slip/mold release agent, as well as the use of a specified flow modifier. For the reasons noted above, it is also believed that this claim, and dependent claim 44, are patentable over the cited references.
Independent claim 45 is directed to a method of making a tampon applicator barrel having a soft, flexible supporting structure in which an elastomeiric composition is combined and melted to form & melted resin, the melted resin is extruded into a plurality of soft pellets, which are then dry blended with a low density polyethylene to form a pellet mixture. The pellet: mixture is subsequently melted to form a
polymeric compound, which is molded in the shape of the tampon applicator barrel.
Of the cited patents, only the Nakanishi et al. patent is directed to a tampon applicator, and the tampon applicator of the patent is non-analogous to that of the invention for the reasons stated above.
The protective sheath (accommodating, or applicator barrel) of Nakanishi is formed by heating and expanding a thin sheet of material. This is clearly distinct from the resin compounding and injection molding procedures used to form the flexible applicator barrels of the present application.
The remainder of the cited patents are directed to polymeric materials, some of which may be molded.
However, there is nothing in these references that
would suggest the molding of a tampon applicator barrel with a partially flexible material. Further, one of ordinary skill in the art would not be led to combine the teachings of these patents with that of the
Nakanishi et al. patent as the Nakanishi et al patent is specifically directed to a sheath formed from a thin sheet of material. Therefore, it is believed that claim 45, as well as claims 46-48, which depend either directly or indirectly thereon, are patentable over the cited citations.
Independent claim 49 of the application is
directed to a soft, flexible polymeric composition comprising (1) a polyolefin, and (2) at least two styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, each having a percentage by weight of styrene different from the other(s), the block copolymers being present in an amount sufficient to adjust the elasticity of the composition.
The Vitkuske et al. patent is directed to
copolymers of two or more alkenyl aromatic monomers, with amounts of two block copolymers of the
configuration AB(BA)n and CD(DC)n, and a
semicrystalline polyolefin, that are, as set forth in column 2, lines 22-30, added o the main component in
order to improve the toughness and impact resistance of the alkenyl aromatic copolymer.. The present
formulation does not contain a copolymer of two or more alkenyl aromatic monomers; the main component of the present formulation is a polyolefin. Also, the
Vitkuske et al. patent discloses only that the
brittleness of the copolymer of the alkenyl aromatic monomers can be reduced by adding two distinct
copolymers of styrene and a conjugated butadiene, and a polyolefin, as additives.
In contrast, the inventive copolymer is formed primarily of a polyolefin, the flexibility of which is adjusted by the incorporation of the styrene-butadiene- styrene copolymers. Clearly, the Vitkuske et al.
patent would not teach or suggest the addition of the inventive copolymers to a polyolefin product, in order to adjust the flexibility thereof.
The Griffin patent is directed to a chemically saturated polymer, such as polyethylene, rendered more biodegradable by the addition of a less stable
chemically unsaturated polymer or copolymer. While the unsaturated copolymer could be a styrene-butadiene- styrene block copolymer, this patent fails to teach the inclusion of at least two block copolymers having
different styrene contents. Further, the block
copolymer is not added in order to adjust the
elasticity of the polyethylene,
The Fasulo et al. patent is directed to a vinyl aromatic polymer, which could be a styrene-butadiene- styrene block copolymer, the properties of which are adjusted by the addition of a minor amount of a
polyolefin, and a vinyl aromatic monomer-conjugated diene radial block star-shaped polymer. The present invention, on the other hand, is a material in which the flexibility of the polyolefin component is adjusted by addition of at least two block copolymers. Further, the star-shaped copolymer of the reference is distinct from the styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers of the invention and, there is no suggestion in the patent that at least two styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers be used, in combination, to adjust the flexibility of the polyolefin component.
Each of the Kawamura et al. patent, the Boivin et al. patent and the Nyberg et al. patent also teach molding compositions. However, none of these patents teach or suggest the adjustment of the elasticity of a polyolefin component using a combination of distinct styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers. Therefore,
it is believed that the subject matter of claim 49, is patentable over the cited references. Claim 50 of the application requires the use of three distinct styrene- butadiene-styrene copolymers and further distinguishes over the cited patents. Claims 51-66 depend either directly or indirectly on claim 49, and it is therefore believed that these claims are also patentable over the cited references.
In view of the forgoing, applicant respectfully submits that all claims presently herein, namely claims 1 through 66, patentably distinguish over each cited reference and any combination of same. Thus, applicant respectfully requests favorable consideration of the claims of the present application.
Due to the amendments to claims 1, 4, 9, 33 and 43 set forth above, applicant is submitting herewith replacement pages 20, 21, 24 and 25 for the above application.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU57544/96A AU711661B2 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | Tampon applicator barrel and method for making same from a soft flexible composition |
DK96915893T DK0840583T3 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | Tampon insert cylinder and method for making the same from a soft flexible composition |
AT96915893T ATE246480T1 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | TUBULAR TAMPON INTRODUCER AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTION METHOD USING A SOFT, FLEXIBLE COMPOSITION |
DE69629378T DE69629378T2 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | TUBULAR TAMPONE INSERTION AID AND RELATED MANUFACTURING METHOD USING A SOFT, FLEXIBLE COMPOSITION |
CA002221739A CA2221739C (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | Soft, flexible composition and method for making same |
EP96915893A EP0840583B1 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | Tampon applicator barrel and method for making same from a soft, flexible composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/447,289 | 1995-05-22 | ||
US08/447,289 US5681894A (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1995-05-22 | Soft, flexible tampon applicator and method for making same |
US08/547,766 | 1995-10-24 | ||
US08/547,766 US5986000A (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1995-10-24 | Soft, flexible composition and method for making same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996037173A1 WO1996037173A1 (en) | 1996-11-28 |
WO1996037173B1 true WO1996037173B1 (en) | 1997-01-03 |
Family
ID=27034927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1996/007330 WO1996037173A1 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 1996-05-21 | Tampon applicator barrel and method for making same from a soft, flexible composition |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5986000A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0840583B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE246480T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU711661B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2221739C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69629378T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0840583T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2206573T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT840583E (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996037173A1 (en) |
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-
1995
- 1995-10-24 US US08/547,766 patent/US5986000A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-05-21 AU AU57544/96A patent/AU711661B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-05-21 DK DK96915893T patent/DK0840583T3/en active
- 1996-05-21 WO PCT/US1996/007330 patent/WO1996037173A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-05-21 AT AT96915893T patent/ATE246480T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-21 PT PT96915893T patent/PT840583E/en unknown
- 1996-05-21 DE DE69629378T patent/DE69629378T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-21 ES ES96915893T patent/ES2206573T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-21 CA CA002221739A patent/CA2221739C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-21 EP EP96915893A patent/EP0840583B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-05-08 US US09/075,097 patent/US6254565B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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