WO1996033370A1 - Procede d'elimination de dechets renfermant des composes organiques - Google Patents

Procede d'elimination de dechets renfermant des composes organiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996033370A1
WO1996033370A1 PCT/JP1995/000755 JP9500755W WO9633370A1 WO 1996033370 A1 WO1996033370 A1 WO 1996033370A1 JP 9500755 W JP9500755 W JP 9500755W WO 9633370 A1 WO9633370 A1 WO 9633370A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
oxygen
container
waste containing
organic compounds
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1995/000755
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshio Miyashita
Yoshio Sato
Shoji Ichida
Tokuyoshi Kawai
Original Assignee
Kokan Keisoku Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kokan Keisoku Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Kokan Keisoku Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority to PCT/JP1995/000755 priority Critical patent/WO1996033370A1/fr
Priority to AU22248/95A priority patent/AU2224895A/en
Priority to JP8505636A priority patent/JP2824480B2/ja
Publication of WO1996033370A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996033370A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/10—Scattering devices; Absorbing devices; Ionising radiation filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
    • F23G2209/102—Waste oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F23G2209/281—Tyres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/70—Incinerating particular products or waste
    • F23G2900/7006—Incinerating used automobiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07007—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber using specific ranges of oxygen percentage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating waste containing various organic compounds without generating dioxin (hereinafter referred to as DXN).
  • waste containing organic compounds refers to waste containing organic compounds such as shredder dust of automobiles and household electric appliances, municipal garbage, old tires, other various waste plastics, waste oil (machine oil), and agricultural chemicals. Background technology
  • dioxin is an abbreviation for polychlorinated dibenzoparaoxine (PCDD), and there are as many as 75 homologues and isomers depending on the number and position of chlorine substitution. Also contaminating the environment is polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), which has 135 homologues and isomers.
  • PCDD polychlorinated dibenzoparaoxine
  • PCDF polychlorinated dibenzofuran
  • This PC DD and PC DF are collectively called dioxin.
  • dioxin Generally Daio most toxic of 2 in Xing, 3, 7, 8-chlorine para dioxin (2, 3, 7, 8 -T 4 CDD), have been used as herbicides and wood preservatives It is contained as an impurity in black mouth phenol and 2, 4, 5-triclo mouth phenolic acid known as defoliants.
  • the chemical structural formula of DXN is shown in FIG.
  • the compound has a chemical structural formula in which one or two oxygen atoms are bonded to two chlorine-containing benzene rings.
  • PCDD two oxygens are bonded to a chlorine-containing benzene ring
  • PCDF one oxygen is bonded to two chlorine-containing benzene rings.
  • DXN may be generated when the resin is burned in an atmosphere containing a large amount of oxygen.
  • the toxicity of DXNs varies greatly between homologues and isomers. Therefore, toxicity conversion factors (TEFs) are assigned to these homologues and the like, and international toxicity conversion factors are usually used. In this specification, the DXN amount (TEQ) is indicated using this coefficient.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a waste containing an organic compound that does not generate DXN generated when a waste containing an organic compound is treated by a conventional refuse incinerator or other methods.
  • the inventors of the present invention have confirmed that DXN does not occur when the fuel is burned so that the fuel gas does not substantially contain oxygen when the resins are burned. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of burning waste containing an organic compound by such a method so as to prevent the generation of DXN.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating waste containing an organic compound, comprising the following steps.
  • a combustible element that binds to oxygen in the waste in the vessel is supplied with an oxygen amount of 1 or less and burned in the vessel, and the waste containing the organic compound is reduced to 50%.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating waste containing an organic compound, comprising the following steps.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides the method for treating a waste containing an organic compound according to claim 2, wherein the combustion of the fuel and the oxygen in the container is performed by an oil burner.
  • the fourth aspect of the invention is that the waste containing the organic compound is any one of shredder dust of automobiles or household electric appliances, municipal waste, used tires, other various waste plastics, waste oil (machine oil), and agricultural chemicals. 3.
  • a method for treating waste containing at least one organic compound according to claim 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the chemical structure of D XN.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a pyrolysis furnace used for an experiment of the present invention.
  • Organic compounds do not necessarily have a benzene ring, but organic compounds contain so-called hydrocarbons, chlorine, and the like. The effect of burning them in air is not clear. A chlorine-containing benzene ring is formed, and the chlorine-containing benzene ring is combined with oxygen contained in the air to form dioxin (D XN). It is presumed to be generated.
  • waste containing organic compounds refers to waste including various natural and synthetic resins such as shredder dust for automobiles and household electric appliances, municipal waste, and waste plastics such as polyethylene, vinyl chloride, polypropylene, and polystyrene.
  • the present invention covers all wastes including organic compounds, including used products, used tires, waste oil (mechanical oil), and the like.
  • the thermal decomposition temperature of the waste containing organic compounds is preferably 500 ° C. or higher, more preferably 600 ° C. or higher. If it is less than 50 (TC, the decomposition rate is so low that it is not practical. Also, the thermal decomposition pressure is desirably 1.5 atm or less. If the pressure is too high, the equipment cost increases.
  • oxygen gas or fuel and oxygen gas are supplied from the outside of the container to burn combustible elements in the container.
  • the flammable elements are mainly carbon and hydrogen.
  • the amount of supplied oxygen is set to 1 or less in an oxygen ratio defined below.
  • Oxygen ratio supply oxygen amount + organic oxygen amount in waste
  • Oxygen amount (kg) supplied from outside the container C: Carbon amount (kg) in waste containing organic compounds in the container combined with the oxygen and organic oxygen in waste, H: Hydrogen in waste containing organic compounds in containers that combine with oxygen and organic oxygen in waste (kg)
  • Oxygen supply Oxygen (kg) supplied from outside the container
  • C Total amount of carbon (kg) in waste and fuel containing organic compounds in the container combined with the oxygen and organic oxygen in waste
  • H Total amount of hydrogen in waste and fuel, including organic compounds in containers that combine with the oxygen and organic oxygen in waste (kg)
  • Amount of oxygen supplied Amount of oxygen supplied from outside the container (kg)
  • C Total amount of carbon in the fuel supplied into the container coupled with the oxygen (kg)
  • H Supply in a container coupled with the oxygen Total amount of hydrogen in fuel (kg)
  • organic oxygen is oxygen that is combined with organic matter contained in waste, and is oxygen that is combined with C and H during combustion in the same way as oxygen supplied from outside.
  • the halogen element is usually combined with hydrogen, so that the amount of hydrogen is not included.
  • Oxygen may be pure oxygen or air, but pure oxygen is preferred from the point of efficiency.
  • an amount of oxygen for CX 3 2/1 2 is carbon in waste, carbon waste and fuel, or in which the carbon in the fuel is combusted to C 0 2.
  • H x 16 Z 2 is the amount of hydrogen in waste, hydrogen in waste and fuel, or hydrogen in fuel in which hydrogen is combined with oxygen to form H 20 .
  • the oxygen ratio is 1, oxygen waste supplied, or waste and fuel, or by burning C and H in the fuel until just becomes C 0 2 and H 2 0, combustion
  • flammable fuels such as petroleum, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas (C gas), and propane can be used as the fuel.
  • Air may be used as the oxygen source, but pure oxygen is more preferable in terms of efficiency.
  • the oxygen ratio is desirably 0.3 or more.
  • a modifying agent such as water or water vapor can be added.
  • the dimensions of the pyrolysis vessel 2 are stainless steel vessels with an inner diameter of 300 mm and a height of about 500 mm. It is also possible to heat from outside with a heater 14, for example, an electric heater.
  • the outside of the pyrolysis vessel 2 made of stainless steel is surrounded by a heat insulating material 6 to prevent heat dissipation.
  • a heat insulating material 6 to prevent heat dissipation.
  • Approximately 5 kg of resin is charged into the inside of the pyrolysis container 2 and can be kept in a sealed state.
  • an inert gas for example, a nitrogen gas is sealed in the inside from the oxygen pipe 20, and the air contained therein is discharged from the gas discharge pipe 8 to the outside.
  • coke oven gas is supplied from a fuel pipe 18 and oxygen is supplied from an oxygen pipe 20, and heated by an oxyfuel burner 7 to perform thermal decomposition.
  • the generated decomposed gas first passes through a filter 10 provided with a corrugated paper or the like.
  • the tars generated here are captured, and the decomposed gas passes through the D X N collector 12.
  • the collection device 12 consists of a plurality of collection bottles immersed in ice water, a collection bottle containing a diethylene glycol solution, and a container containing XAD-2 resin, and collects D XN in the cracked gas that has passed. I do.
  • the amount of decomposed gas from which D XN has been collected is measured by a gas meter 13, and a part of the gas is collected in Tetra Pak 14.
  • the cracked gas collected in Tetra Pak 14 is used for analysis.
  • O carboxymethyl Tilia El burner hydrocarbons in resins is decomposed, it is possible to keep the Ro ⁇ to a temperature of 5 0 0 ⁇ 1 2 5 0 e C.
  • Oxyfuerona is a burner that mixes oxygen gas or air with various fuels and burns.
  • the thermal decomposition of shredder dust, municipal garbage, used tires and pesticide DDT was performed in the pyrolysis furnace shown in FIG.
  • Table 1 shows the composition of shredder dust components. As shown in Table 1, shredder dust contains not only metal but also earth and sand, of which about 50 wt% is plastic and rubber. Table 2 shows the elemental analysis values of shredder dust. From this table, the elemental components of shredder dust are about 42 wt9 ash and 42 wt% carbon. Here, the ash contains metal, earth and sand. Next, Table 3 shows the composition of used tire components. Used tires are about 26 wt% carbon black, about 5 Owt% natural rubber or synthetic rubber, and the balance is inorganic substances such as didi. Therefore, the main component is carbon, and the ash is various additives, steel wires, etc., and is usually nonflammable. Table 1 Composition of dust particles
  • Table 4 shows the composition of typical DDT as a pesticide.
  • the chemical structure of DDT itself is C, 4 H 9 C 15, but the ones used in the experiments contain a bulking agent, which when burned becomes a residue.
  • Table 5 shows the composition of municipal solid waste
  • Table 6 shows the elemental analysis of municipal solid waste.
  • Urban garbage is characterized by a high moisture content of about 37 wt% and oxygen content of about 18 wt%. In addition, 32 wt% of carbon is present.
  • Table 7 shows the composition of the coke oven gas (C gas) used
  • Table 8 shows the level of the experiment.
  • C gas coke oven gas
  • Table 9 summarizes the experimental results.
  • the amount of DXN in the generated gas, tar and unburned matter (TEQ) is less than 0.0 Ol ng ZNm 3 or 0.01 ⁇ g / g in any case. It was about a degree.
  • the generated gas was rich in CO, H 2 , CH 4, etc., and was reusable and had a high calorific value.
  • the amount of tar produced was less than 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ %, and it was reformed by the added water and converted to the above gases.
  • the waste in a state where the waste containing an organic compound is shielded from the atmosphere, the waste is burned with fuel and oxygen added from the outside to thermally decompose the waste containing the organic compound.
  • the present invention in, for example, a conventional refuse incinerator, it is possible to treat waste containing various organic compounds such as shredder dust that could not be burned conventionally without generating DXN harmful to the human body.
  • fuel gas that can be used effectively can be recovered, and it is an extremely useful invention in industrial and public health and health.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant d'éliminer des déchets renfermant des composés organiques sans entraîner la production de dioxines, nocives pour l'organisme humain. Ce procédé comporte les étapes suivantes: (a) chargement des déchets renfermant des composés organiques dans une cuve isolée par rapport à l'atmosphère; et (b) apport d'oxygène, dans un rapport quantitatif non supérieur à 1 entre l'oxygène et les éléments combustibles se liant à l'oxygène dans les déchets contenus dans la cuve, pour obtenir la combustion de ces déchets, qui sont portés à une température supérieure à 500 °C pour subir une décomposition thermique. L'apport d'oxygène peut s'accompagner d'un apport de combustible. En outre, la combustion du combustible avec l'oxygène s'effectue de préférence à l'aide d'un brûleur oxygène/combustible. Les déchets renfermant des composés organiques visés ici appartiennent au groupe constitué par les résidus de déchiquetage des automobiles et appareils électroménagers, les ordures ménagères, les pneus usagés, divers autres déchets plastiques, les huiles de rebut (huiles de machine), et les produits chimiques agricoles.
PCT/JP1995/000755 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Procede d'elimination de dechets renfermant des composes organiques WO1996033370A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1995/000755 WO1996033370A1 (fr) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Procede d'elimination de dechets renfermant des composes organiques
AU22248/95A AU2224895A (en) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Method of disposing of wastes containing organic compounds
JP8505636A JP2824480B2 (ja) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 有機化合物を含む廃棄物の処理方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1995/000755 WO1996033370A1 (fr) 1995-04-18 1995-04-18 Procede d'elimination de dechets renfermant des composes organiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996033370A1 true WO1996033370A1 (fr) 1996-10-24

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JP (1) JP2824480B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2224895A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996033370A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04225711A (ja) * 1990-12-06 1992-08-14 Leonardus M M Nevels 種々の廃棄物を燃焼させる方法、それに使用される室炉および包括的廃棄物燃焼設備
JPH04243589A (ja) * 1991-01-22 1992-08-31 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 含炭素廃材の処理方法
JPH04313610A (ja) * 1991-04-12 1992-11-05 Hitachi Zosen Corp ごみ焼却方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04225711A (ja) * 1990-12-06 1992-08-14 Leonardus M M Nevels 種々の廃棄物を燃焼させる方法、それに使用される室炉および包括的廃棄物燃焼設備
JPH04243589A (ja) * 1991-01-22 1992-08-31 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 含炭素廃材の処理方法
JPH04313610A (ja) * 1991-04-12 1992-11-05 Hitachi Zosen Corp ごみ焼却方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2224895A (en) 1996-11-07
JP2824480B2 (ja) 1998-11-11

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