WO1996026009A1 - Procede et appareil pour broyer un materiau elastomere, en particulier un materiau elastomere provenant de dechets - Google Patents

Procede et appareil pour broyer un materiau elastomere, en particulier un materiau elastomere provenant de dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996026009A1
WO1996026009A1 PCT/SE1996/000244 SE9600244W WO9626009A1 WO 1996026009 A1 WO1996026009 A1 WO 1996026009A1 SE 9600244 W SE9600244 W SE 9600244W WO 9626009 A1 WO9626009 A1 WO 9626009A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grinder
rotor
grinding
elastomeric
ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1996/000244
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Nils Erik Gustav Klyft
Bo Anders Nilsson
Sture Bertil Mattsson
Original Assignee
Svedala-Arbrå Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE9500693A external-priority patent/SE9500693L/xx
Application filed by Svedala-Arbrå Ab filed Critical Svedala-Arbrå Ab
Priority to AU48533/96A priority Critical patent/AU4853396A/en
Publication of WO1996026009A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996026009A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B02C2013/2808—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements are attached to disks mounted on a shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/04—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for used tyres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the recovery of elastomeric material, especially rubber scrap material in the form of e.g. worn-out car tyres or other reinforced rubber or elastomeric materials.
  • elastomeric material especially rubber scrap material in the form of e.g. worn-out car tyres or other reinforced rubber or elastomeric materials.
  • efforts have been made to work up elastomeric material either to be regenerated for reuti- lisation or to be used as fillers or the like when manu ⁇ facturing quite different products.
  • Such a field of uti ⁇ lisation is the use as admixture for asphaltic concrete mixtures.
  • a further field of utilisation is the use as fuel in e.g. powder-fired furnaces in power and heating plants.
  • the probable reason why such a material is more difficult to remove than the heavy metallic materials is that in most cases the cord material has at least partially been impregnated with the elastomeric material in the forming and vulcanisation thereof.
  • the forces to which the reinforced elastomeric material is subjected during the crushing procedure are both shear forces and peel forces.
  • the shear force causes cutting-off or shearing-off of the elastomeric material and its reinforcement along the shear plane, i.e. the elastomeric material and the embedded reinforcement are "cut" off.
  • Such a force does not cause the elastomeric material and the reinforcing material to be separated from each other to any considerable extent.
  • the peel force i.e.
  • the prior-art grinding methods include grinding in different types of hammer mills, sometimes under cryogenic conditions to make the elastomeric material hard and brittle. Although such grinding under cryogenic conditions produces ground material containing fine grains, the grains are not sub- stantially free from metal cord reinforcing material.
  • An object of the present invention therefore is to provide an apparatus and a method for producing a reco ⁇ vered elastomeric material that is substantially free from reinforcing material, by improved separation of elastomeric material and reinforcing material.
  • the invention is based on the surprising discovery that a special grinding method and a special grinder pro ⁇ quiz the desired result.
  • elastomeric material especially elastomeric scrap mate ⁇ rial, thus is subjected, in a ring grinder, to simulta ⁇ neous grinding and peeling actions for the separation of reinforcing material and elastomeric material.
  • the inlet of the ring grinder preferably is positioned for supply- ing grinding material in a substantially horizontal direction towards the rotor of the ring grinder, and sup ⁇ plied elastomeric scrap material is caused to pass the major part of the grinding chamber before reaching the grinding material outlet of the ring grinder, thereby eddying the material to be subjected to still more power ⁇ ful peel forces.
  • the invention thus resides in the elas ⁇ tomeric material being processed and ground in a so-call ⁇ ed ring grinder, i.e. a grinder having a grinding cham- ber, which has a grinding material outlet in its circum ⁇ ferential surface and contains a rotor which is rotatable about an axis and in whose circumferential surface a num- ber of rings are mounted such that they project partially outside the circumferential surface and are independently rotatable relative to the rotor and can, to a limited extent, move towards and away from the axis of the rotor.
  • a so-call ⁇ ed ring grinder i.e. a grinder having a grinding cham- ber, which has a grinding material outlet in its circum ⁇ ferential surface and contains a rotor which is rotatable about an axis and in whose circumferential surface a num- ber of rings are mounted such that they project partially outside the circumferential surface and are independently rotatable relative
  • this type of grinder subjects the grinding material to such a combination of shear and peel forces that the aimed-at separation of reinforcement and elastomeric material is obtained and such that the ground elastomeric material has, to a very great extent, been separated from all types of reinforcing material after the grinding material has been discharged through the grinding mate ⁇ rial outlet.
  • the ground material is then subjected to ordinary separating procedures, for instance wind screen- ing in a wind sifter, separating magnetic material in a magnetic separator and other known separating techniques.
  • the great advantage of the invention thus is that elastomeric material and reinforcing material are phy ⁇ sically separated from each other by breaking the exist- ing adhesive force in the very comminuting in the ring grinder.
  • Such a feeding and grinding process further makes it possible in a simpler manner to hold the grind ⁇ ing chamber of the ring grinder almost completely closed during the grinding procedure, such that the aimed-at peeling and mechanical crushing or comminution can, by a combination of separating and grinding, be carried out continuously and while affecting the environment as little as possible in the room or in the position where the ring grinder is placed.
  • the inlet opening has been arranged on approxi ⁇ mately the same level as the rotor shaft and has been formed with a slotted opening in the circumferential sur ⁇ face of the grinding chamber.
  • a feeder especially a conveyor belt or a slat conveyor, which supplies the elastomeric material intended to be ground and separated.
  • a pivotable cover or, preferably, a pivotable arm at whose outer end a roller is mounted to roll on the upper side of the bed of material on the feeder.
  • the opening area can be kept at a minimum.
  • the grinding procedure can be carried out under the most favourable conditions and the influence on the outer environment can be kept at a minimum.
  • the aimed-at effect i.e. producing a peel force for the separation of metallic reinforcing material and elastomeric material, will be more easily achieved by feeding the ring grinder in this manner.
  • the rotor is arranged in the annu ⁇ lar casing eccentrically relative to the centre line of the grinding chamber, such that the shortest distance between the rotor and the circumferential surface of the grinding chamber is to be found in the lower parts of the grinding chamber, where the grinding material outlet is arranged.
  • the grinding material which when passing through the gap between the grinding material outlet with its grating and the rotor with its grinding rings, has not passed through the grinding material out ⁇ let, will be thrown upwards and away from the rotor and mixed with newly supplied material and, together with this, eddy in the upper parts of the grinding chamber, before again being passed down to the grinding material outlet.
  • US-A-1,892, 697 discloses a hammer-type crusher, whose hammer is, at the outer end, provided with rotat- able grinding rings to increase the impact effect.
  • This publication says nothing about the problems which the present invention intends to solve, i.e. to provide a high degree of separation of metallic material from elas- tomeric material during grinding, thereby obtaining a final product which is substantially free from metallic material.
  • DE-C-27 49 162 discloses a hammer crusher, whose grinding material chamber has two openable, perforated walls. The publication does not disclose a ring grinder of the type used in the present invention, and nothing is said about the problems which are intended to be solved by the present invention.
  • a ring grinder of the type used according to the present invention let alone anything about the problems which are intended to be solved by the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a ring grinder according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line II-II in Fig. 1.
  • the ring grinder shown in the drawings is the embo ⁇ diment of the invention, which at present is preferred owing to the design of the inlet and outlet of the grinder.
  • the ring grinder has a casing 10 which defines a grinding chamber 11. At the lower end of the grinding chamber, the casing is formed substantially as a circular arc in cross-section. A grinding material outlet 12 is formed within this part of the casing.
  • the outlet 12 is formed as a grating 13, which can be made of a number of juxtaposed grating ele ⁇ ments, which are arcuate and have grating rods 13A and transverse grating members 13B.
  • the inventive ring grinder does not differ from prior-art ring grinders.
  • the grinding chamber has, in the remaining parts of the casing, been provided with a wear lining 14 of an abrasion-resistant material, e.g. manganese steel.
  • a wear lining 14 of an abrasion-resistant material e.g. manganese steel.
  • the right side of the casing has a feed opening 15.
  • a belt conveyor 16 serving as feeder projects into this opening.
  • a cover formed as a roller 17 is arranged in the upper part of the opening 15 above the belt con ⁇ veyor 16.
  • the cover or roller 17 can move towards and away from the belt con ⁇ veyor 16 in order to abut against the material fed by the belt conveyor and move upwards and downwards according to the thickness and appearance of the bed of material.
  • the roller can be idle but preferably is driven by a motor 17A. If desired, the roller 17 can besides be yieldably pressed in the direction of the conveyor belt 16, for instance by means of a piston-and-cylinder assembly 17C.
  • a rotor 20 is rotatably mounted in the grinding chamber 11. The rotor is connected to a driving motor 21 at least at one end of the grinder.
  • the rotor 20 has a straight-through shaft 22, on which a number of rotor discs 23 are arranged and attached, such that they are entrained in the rotation of the shaft 22 and such that they are interconnected.
  • two radially opposite recesses 24 are to be found in the embodiment illustrated to provide space for hammer rings 25 arranged in the recesses.
  • Succeeding rotor discs 23 are rotated through 90° relative to each other, such that the recesses 24 of one disc are offset 90° relative to the recesses of the sub- sequent disc.
  • the hammer rings 25 have an axially through hole 26.
  • This hole has a greater diameter than a shaft 27 extend ⁇ ing through the rotor discs 23 and the recesses 24 there ⁇ in, such that the hammer rings are freely rotatable about their shafts 27 and, besides, are free to move away from and towards the rotor shaft 22.
  • the outer circumference of the hammer rings 25 can be smooth, but preferably is profiled to increase the peeling effect.
  • the preferred embodiment of the outer circumferential surface of the hammer rings 25 is illu ⁇ strated in the drawings.
  • the circumferentially outer part of the rings has been recessed on one ring side and the other alternately, such that the circumferential surface is formed of a series, of lugs 28 and intermediate recesses 29, the lugs and the recesses along each side of the outer circumference of the hammer ring being off ⁇ set a pitch in the circumferential direction relative to the corresponding recesses and lugs on the other side.
  • the lugs on one side of the hammer ring thus are posi- tioned just in front of a recess on the other side of the hammer ring so as to form a zigzag pattern.
  • Other embodi ⁇ ments of the circumferential surface of the hammer rings also a smooth design, are however within the scope of the invention.
  • To hold the rotor discs 23 together in the axial direction of the rotor there are a number of connecting rods 30, in the example shown four connecting rods, which also have a stabilising and reinforcing effect on the rotor 20.
  • the elastomeric material is fed on the conveyor 16 in the form of a layer of material (not shown).
  • the elastomeric material can be supplied without any preceding primary crushing. For instance, it is pos ⁇ sible to feed to the grinder complete car tyres and lorry tyres, while off-the-road tyres and other large tyres can advantageously be pretreated by being cut to pieces of suitable sizes.
  • the cover or roller 17 When the bed of elastomeric material reaches the cover or roller 17, this will be raised against the action of gravity (possibly also against the action of an optional spring device which yieldably loads the cover or roller for pivoting downwards towards the conveyor 16). In this manner, the free opening at the grinder inlet can be kept at a minimum. If the roller 17, as is preferred, is driven by the motor 17A, the roller can be used to control the supply to the grinding chamber 11 and to retain supplied material in the opening 15, such that this is already subjected to comminuting and peeling apart to smaller pieces when entering.
  • the individual pieces of the grinding material will be affected not only by the hammer rings 25 and the casing but also by each other, which all in all has been found to yield a more efficient peeling effect and, thus, separating effect.
  • the hammer rings 25 have a crushing and peeling effect on the grinding material by being rotatable about the shafts 27 and movable radially relative thereto and relative to the shaft 22 of the rotor.
  • the hammer rings 25 will therefore roll along the grinding material and be pressed firmly against this when the material passes through said gap.
  • the hammer rings pass over the individual piece of grinding material in the batch, they will first roll onto this piece of grinding material and then squeeze this against the grating 13, when the grind- ing material has reached this.
  • the rotor and its rotor rings can have a radius of about 50 cm, and the hammer rings can have a radius of about 20 cm.
  • the hole of the hammer rings can have a radius of about 6 cm, while the shafts 27 can have a radius of about 4 cm. This means that the hammer rings can move about 4 cm in the radial direction relative to the shaft 22 of the rotor.
  • the surface of the grating facing the rotor can be arcuately curved by a radius of curvature of about 66 cm, such that the gap between the rotor rings of the rotor and the grating is about 16 cm.
  • the gap width of the grating in the circumferential direction of the casing can be, for instance, about 3 cm, while the length of the gaps of the grating in the axial direction of the grinder can be e.g. about 10 cm.
  • grinding can advantageously be carried out at a circumferential speed of about 50 m/s at the circumference of the rotor rings, which corre ⁇ sponds to a speed of about 700 r/m.
  • other dimensions of the various components can be used within the scope of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Un matériau élastomère, en particulier un matériau élastomère provenant de déchets, est broyé dans un tambour de broyage permettant en même temps de broyer et de séparer les matériaux de renforcement des matériaux élastomères. Le broyeur à tambour a une entrée (12) pour l'alimentation en matériau à broyer disposée sensiblement horizontalement par rapport au rotor (20) du tambour de broyage et le matériau élastomère provenant de déchets est forcé à traverser la majeure partie de la chambre de broyage avant d'atteindre la sortie (15) de l'appareil de broyage.
PCT/SE1996/000244 1995-02-24 1996-02-22 Procede et appareil pour broyer un materiau elastomere, en particulier un materiau elastomere provenant de dechets WO1996026009A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU48533/96A AU4853396A (en) 1995-02-24 1996-02-22 Method and apparatus for the grinding of elastomeric material, especially elastomeric scrap material

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9500693A SE9500693L (sv) 1995-02-24 1995-02-24 Sätt och anordning för malning av elastmaterial, särskilt elastmaterialskrot
SE9500693-8 1995-02-24
SE9501014-6 1995-03-22
SE9501014A SE9501014L (sv) 1995-02-24 1995-03-22 Sätt och anordning för malning av elastmaterial, särskilt elastmaterialskrot

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996026009A1 true WO1996026009A1 (fr) 1996-08-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1996/000244 WO1996026009A1 (fr) 1995-02-24 1996-02-22 Procede et appareil pour broyer un materiau elastomere, en particulier un materiau elastomere provenant de dechets

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4853396A (fr)
SE (1) SE9501014L (fr)
WO (1) WO1996026009A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0873791A3 (fr) * 1997-04-24 1998-11-25 Svedala Industries, Inc. Rotor pour déchiqueteurs et broyeurs à marteaux

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1862889A (en) * 1930-11-10 1932-06-14 American Pulverizer Pulverizing or crushing machine
US1892697A (en) * 1930-12-20 1933-01-03 American Pulverizer Crushing or pulverizing machine
DE2749162C2 (de) * 1977-05-18 1983-09-01 Gebrüder Bühler AG, 9240 Uzwil Schlagmühle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1862889A (en) * 1930-11-10 1932-06-14 American Pulverizer Pulverizing or crushing machine
US1892697A (en) * 1930-12-20 1933-01-03 American Pulverizer Crushing or pulverizing machine
DE2749162C2 (de) * 1977-05-18 1983-09-01 Gebrüder Bühler AG, 9240 Uzwil Schlagmühle

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. 93-233799/29, Week 9329; & SU,A,1 748 860 (URALS BRANCH HEAT ENG RES INST), 23 July 1992. *
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. C8141D/13, Week 8113; & SU,A,749 424 (CEMENT IND RES INST), 25 July 1980. *
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. D3597K/10, Week 8310; & SU,A,923 598 (BELORUSSIAN POLY), 30 April 1982. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0873791A3 (fr) * 1997-04-24 1998-11-25 Svedala Industries, Inc. Rotor pour déchiqueteurs et broyeurs à marteaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9501014D0 (sv) 1995-03-22
AU4853396A (en) 1996-09-11
SE9501014L (sv) 1996-08-25

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