WO1996023871A1 - Procedes et compositions insecticides eliminant les heterorhabditis bacteriophora - Google Patents

Procedes et compositions insecticides eliminant les heterorhabditis bacteriophora Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996023871A1
WO1996023871A1 PCT/US1996/002603 US9602603W WO9623871A1 WO 1996023871 A1 WO1996023871 A1 WO 1996023871A1 US 9602603 W US9602603 W US 9602603W WO 9623871 A1 WO9623871 A1 WO 9623871A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insecticidal
soil
nematodes
nematode
insects
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/002603
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Randy Gaugler
Robin Stuart
Original Assignee
Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey filed Critical Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey
Priority to EP96907120A priority Critical patent/EP0807167A4/fr
Priority to AU50281/96A priority patent/AU5028196A/en
Publication of WO1996023871A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996023871A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/12—Nematodes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to novel insecticide compositions comprising infective-stage heterorhabditid hybrid nematodes with enhanced insecticidal effectiveness, novel nematodes having said characteristics, and process for reducing soil-inhabiting insect pest populations by applying an effective amount of said insecticide composition to the infected locus.
  • Insecticide compositions having as an ingredient a biological insecticide or entomopathogenic nematodes offer an attractive field of biological control agents for use against soil-inhabiting insect pests. They offer many important advantages over available chemical insecticides. Advantages of insecticide nematodes include high virulence, broad host range, safety, exemption from government registration and ease of mass production. Nematodes of the family Heterorhabditidae form a unique symbiotic association with Photorhabdus bacteria. They are pathogenic to a diverse group of insects. Heterorhabditids are hermaphroditic.
  • infective juveniles penetrate into the hemocoel of their host insects such as white grubs, usually through the gut or spiracles. Heterorhabditids have a dorsal tooth that might also facilitate penetration in other areas (e.g., intersegmental membranes). Bacteria from the digestive system of the nematodes are released within the host, and the host dies from septicemia, typically within 48 h. The nematodes feed, develop, mate and reproduce within the host cadaver, and, often after multiple generations, infective juveniles are again produced, emerge, and seek new host insects.
  • insecticide compositions comprising insecticide nematodes which provide improved effectiveness against soil-inhabiting insect pests, novel nematodes providing the improved effectiveness, and the process for controlling soil-inhabiting insect pests by use of such improved insecticide nematodes, and process and device for producing said improved insecticide nematodes.
  • novel insecticide compositions and an improved process for controlling soil-inhabiting insect pests by applying said novel insecticide composition having an effective amount of infective-stage entomopathogenic nematodes of this invention to the infested locus.
  • the insecticidal compositions of this invention comprise an effective amount of a juvenile infective-stage of an insecticidal entomopathogenic nematode having insecticidal properties of Hete orhabdilis bacteriophora hybrid strain HB (NJ) and effective variants, mutants or hybrids thereof and a biocompatible carrier therefor.
  • novel entomopathogenic nematodes of the insecticidal compositions of this invention which have high effectiveness in controlling soil-inhabiting insects including an increased pathogenicity to diverse insect hosts and an enhanced fecundity.
  • the hybrid strain of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB was attained by hybridizing a large series of wild-type isolates of H. bacteriophora obtained from soil samples collected from four different habitats.
  • the habitats were turf, turf with scattered trees, weedy field and weedy field with scattered trees.
  • the habitats represented many collection sites.
  • the enhanced properties of the hybrid strain include enhanced patho ⁇ genicity or infectivity to diverse insect hosts and increased fecundity.
  • Infectivity is determined by the following test. The standard test of infectivity used is to apply 50 infective juveniles to the top of a sand column (5 cm diameter x 5 cm high) with a target insect (the wax moth, GaUeria mellonella) at the bottom. The test is typically run at 25°C and the sand contains 10% moisture by weight. The nematodes are allowed 24 h to find the target insect and at that point the insect is removed, rinsed in distilled water and incubated for a further 24 h at 25 °C to allow the nematodes time to develop in the host.
  • SE 1.053 and 1.095 respectively
  • the HB (NJ) strain showed results much superior to results of two known H. bacteriophora strains (HBNC and HBHP88). They killed only 50% and 70% of the hosts, respectively, and had mean infectivity rates of only 0.08 and 1.20 nematodes per host, respectively. Infectivity rates against other insects indicate similar superiority ofthe HB (NJ) strain.
  • Fecundity is determined by the following test.
  • SE 15212.9
  • the Heterorhabditis bacteriophora hybrid strain HB (NJ) provided by this invention has a deposit number of ATCC .
  • the insecticidal compositions can be in the form of an aqueous spray composition, in the form of gel pellets or granules made using calcium alginate or other suitable carriers, in the form of a solid sheet, and the like.
  • the carriers which immobilize the nematodes or partially desiccate them, reduce their metabolism and improve their tolerance to temperature extremes.
  • Nematodes are also commercially available on a moist substrate such as sponge, vermiculite, and peat, although extended storage at room tem ⁇ perature is generally poor because nematode viability declines rapidly.
  • the Heterorhabditid compositions of this invention are suitably stored at 10°C- 15°C and the organisms should be maintained in the presence of oxygen.
  • Nematodes can be applied with common agrichemical equipment including small pressurized sprayers, mist blowers, electrostatic sprayers, fan sprayers, and helicopters. Entomopathogenic nematodes can withstand appli ⁇ cation pressures of 300 lb/in 2 and can be delivered with all common nozzle type sprayers (e.g., "01 " nozzles) with openings as small as 50 microns in diameter. However, some types of pumping equipment produce a considerable amount of heat, and should the temperature in the sprayer plumbing rise above 32°C, the nematodes could be adversely affected. Fortunately, this rarely occurs and is usually only a problem when the spray tank is almost empty and little water is available as a heat sink.
  • Field concentrations exceeding 2.5 billion nematodes/ha (1 billion/acre) are usually applied to ensure that a sufficient nematode population will come in contact with the target insects to provide control.
  • a high concentration is needed to overcome the negative impacts of the abiotic and biotic soil environ ⁇ ment.
  • High nematode concentrations are also needed against certain insects which only remain in soil for a few days before tunneling into roots, such as cabbage maggots (D. radicum), and against insects which are not highly sus ⁇ ceptible to nematode infection because of their small size and active movement.
  • high nematode concentrations are desirable against early immature stages of mole crickets (Scapteriscus spp.), root maggots (Delia spp.). and corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp.)
  • the aqueous suspension is placed on the filter paper by wetting the filter paper in several locations. If the GaUeria mellonella host has turned red at the end of the test period, this is a showing that the GaUeria mellonella host is dead.
  • the GaUeria mellonella bait method for isolating nematodes the
  • GaUeria mellonella infected with Heterorhabditis bacteriophora normally die and turn a red color.
  • the soil samples taken are 2 cm in diameter and 15 cm in length.
  • the crossbreeding used to provide the HB (NJ) strain involve conventional procedures.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à une composition insecticide comprenant une quantité efficace d'une souche hybride d'Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hb (NJ) entomopathogène, insecticide, se présentant à l'état de formes juvéniles infectantes, ou de mutants ou de variants de ceux-ci, et un support biocompatible. Les compositions insecticides de l'invention s'avèrent améliorer l'activité insecticide par comparaison avec des compositions insecticides connues renfermant un nématode H. bacteriophora connu HBHP88. L'invention se rapporte également à un procédé visant à éliminer la population d'insectes se développant dans les sols, ce procédé consistant à appliquer sur le lieu infecté par ces insectes la composition insecticide décrite ci-dessus. L'invention se rapporte de plus à la souche hybride de nématodes Hb (NJ).
PCT/US1996/002603 1995-02-02 1996-01-25 Procedes et compositions insecticides eliminant les heterorhabditis bacteriophora WO1996023871A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96907120A EP0807167A4 (fr) 1995-02-02 1996-01-25 Procedes et compositions insecticides eliminant les heterorhabditis bacteriophora
AU50281/96A AU5028196A (en) 1995-02-02 1996-01-25 Heterorhabditis bacteriophora insecticide compositions and related processes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38243095A 1995-02-02 1995-02-02
US08/382,430 1995-02-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996023871A1 true WO1996023871A1 (fr) 1996-08-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/002603 WO1996023871A1 (fr) 1995-02-02 1996-01-25 Procedes et compositions insecticides eliminant les heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0807167A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU5028196A (fr)
CA (1) CA2211359A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023871A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002037966A1 (fr) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Idebio, S.L. Pesticide biologique a base de chitosane et de nematodes entomopathogenes
KR100450902B1 (ko) * 2001-12-14 2004-10-01 삼성에버랜드 주식회사 한국산 곤충병원성 선충 헤테로라브디티스 gsn2 계통 및 이를 이용한 해충 방제방법

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991006642A1 (fr) * 1989-11-03 1991-05-16 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Compositions, procedes et dispositifs insecticides

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991006642A1 (fr) * 1989-11-03 1991-05-16 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Compositions, procedes et dispositifs insecticides

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
J. ECON. ENTOMOL., Volume 86, Number 2, issued April 1993, SELVAN et al., "Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematode Strains Against Popillia Japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae", pages 353-359. *
See also references of EP0807167A4 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002037966A1 (fr) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Idebio, S.L. Pesticide biologique a base de chitosane et de nematodes entomopathogenes
ES2171131A1 (es) * 2000-11-10 2002-08-16 Idebio S L Plaguicida biologico a base de quitosano
KR100450902B1 (ko) * 2001-12-14 2004-10-01 삼성에버랜드 주식회사 한국산 곤충병원성 선충 헤테로라브디티스 gsn2 계통 및 이를 이용한 해충 방제방법

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2211359A1 (fr) 1996-08-08
EP0807167A4 (fr) 1999-02-10
AU5028196A (en) 1996-08-21
EP0807167A1 (fr) 1997-11-19

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