WO1996023171A1 - Bruleur perfectionne pour processus d'oxydation partielle, comportant une extremite en retrait et une alimentation en gaz sous pression - Google Patents

Bruleur perfectionne pour processus d'oxydation partielle, comportant une extremite en retrait et une alimentation en gaz sous pression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996023171A1
WO1996023171A1 PCT/US1996/001350 US9601350W WO9623171A1 WO 1996023171 A1 WO1996023171 A1 WO 1996023171A1 US 9601350 W US9601350 W US 9601350W WO 9623171 A1 WO9623171 A1 WO 9623171A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
jacket
burner
nozzle
coolant
central conduit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1996/001350
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jerrold Samuel Kassman
Allen Maurice Robin
John Duckett Winter
James Kenneth Wolfenbarger
Original Assignee
Texaco Development Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texaco Development Corporation filed Critical Texaco Development Corporation
Priority to AU49692/96A priority Critical patent/AU4969296A/en
Priority to EP96906246A priority patent/EP0805937B1/fr
Priority to DE69627475T priority patent/DE69627475T2/de
Priority to JP08523072A priority patent/JP3142875B2/ja
Publication of WO1996023171A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996023171A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2214/00—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00006—Liquid fuel burners using pure oxygen or O2-enriched air as oxidant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00016—Preventing or reducing deposit build-up on burner parts, e.g. from carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in burner design and performance for use in the manufacture of gaseous mixtures comprising H 2 and CO such as synthesis gas, fuel gas, and reducing gas by the partial oxidation of pumpable slurries of solid hydrocarbonaceous fuels in a liquid carrier or liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuels.
  • Annular type burners have been employed for introducing feedstreams into a partial oxidation gas generator.
  • an improved burner of the "hot tip" design using a porous ceramic tip is employed in such a system.
  • Such burners are used to simultaneously introduce the various feedstreams into the partial oxidation reactor.
  • Single, double and triple annulus burners are shown, for example in co-assigned U.S. Patent 3,528,930; 3,758,037; and 4,443,230, respectively, for the introduction of plural feedstreams into such systems.
  • One such feed comprises coal and dirt with 30% to 40% of the solids as ash (i.e. inorganic) in a water slurry.
  • Such burners come into contact with recirculating gasses in the interaction zone that contact the outer surfaces of the burner. These gasses can have a temperature in the range of 1700°F to 3500°F.
  • Burners are cooled to withstand these temperatures by means of cooling channels through which a liquid coolant such as water is passed. Cooling coils are wrapped over the exterior surfaces of the burner along its length. Also the use of an annular shaped cooling chamber has been used to provide additional cooling at the burner face. Because of the heat flux from the radiant gasifier to the burner face, and through the burner face into the cooling liquid, thermal stress cracks can develop in the metal near the tip of a burner. These cracks can lead to flow modifications in the various feedstocks that can completely disable the burner.
  • the present invention provides an improved burner body designed to reduce the potential for burner deposits that affect gasifier performance, and for reduced thermally induced metal fatigue cracking by mechanical decoupling of coaxially aligned, annular burner rings. This is accomplished in the present invention by decoupling the cooling water jacket from the spray nozzle and retracting the burner nozzle or nozzle assembly axially into the cooling water jacket to reduce radiant heat flow to the nozzle, by modifying the gas flow pattern around the burner nozzle to reduce particulate impact, by improving the cooling water flow pattern in the cooling water jacket to reduce jacket temperature and prevent adhesion of molten slag particles and by the creation of a gas purging and deposit blasting passage between the burner nozzle and the cooling water jacket.
  • the outer coolant jacket also has reduced frontal area to minimize the surface area for molten slag deposit formation and to reduce radiation heat transfer, which along with the gas blasting passage makes it difficult for any deposit which might form to bridge the gap between the coolant jacket and the burner nozzle itself.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic transverse or side view of a partial oxidation burner assembly according to the concepts of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a larger scale detail of the burner tip or end of the assembly of Figure 1 shown in a schematic longitudinal cross sectional view.
  • feedstock supply tube 13 may, if desired, be of single annulus, double annulus or triple annulus design as shown in co-assigned U.S. Patents 3,528,930; 3,758,037 and 4,443,230 or even more multiple annuli, if desired.
  • the feedstock supply line or tube 13 will be taken generically to mean any such design feed tube for supplying feed to a non- catalytic partial oxidation reactor for the manufacture of synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas.
  • the feed may typically comprise a pumpable slurry of solid hydrocarbonaceous fuel ground up into a liquid carrier such as water or liquid hydrocarbon or inorganic solids in a liquid hydrocarbon and a free oxygen containing gas such as air with or without admixture with a temperature moderator.
  • a liquid carrier such as water or liquid hydrocarbon or inorganic solids in a liquid hydrocarbon
  • a free oxygen containing gas such as air with or without admixture with a temperature moderator.
  • the burner assembly of Figure 1 is shown generally at 10.
  • the free-oxygen containing gas at operating pressure as desired is supplied via a tubular conduit 12A attached to a flanged connector 12.
  • the pumpable slurry feedstock is supplied to the burner assembly 10 via tubular conduit 11A attached to a flanged connection 11 therefor.
  • the hydrocarbon and oxygen feed tubes may be interchanged in a two stream burner without affecting the invention. Mixing of these components takes place internally according to feed tube design and the feedstock resulting therefrom enters the generic feedstock supply tube 13 at its upstream end which extends through a flanged connector 17 into the reactor vessel (not shown) .
  • coolant supply connector 15 affixed to a coolant supply tube 19 passes through the flanged bulkhead connector 12.
  • a blast gas supply connector 16 is connected to a high pressure source (not shown) of an inert gas (such as N 2 ) for purposes to be described in more detail subsequently and is supplied to tubular conduit 24 for this purpose.
  • the coolant supply line 19 is helically wound about the exterior of the feedstock supply tube 13 along its length to supply coolant to the downstream burner tip and which is shown in more detail in the schematic cross sectional view of Figure 2. It will be recalled that interior to the reactor vessel hot gasses in the temperature range of from 1700°F to 3500°F exist. In order to protect feed lines 13, 18, 19 and 24 from attack by condensing acid gas such as HC ⁇ in this region, they are all embedded in or potted in a special refractory material or ceramic.
  • the temperature is in the range of 2300°F to 3000F.
  • fly-ash, slag or particulate carbon soot can be produced along with the desired products such as H 2 and CO.
  • One or more of C0 2 , H 2 0, N 2 , A, CH 4 , H 2 S and COS may also be present.
  • deposits of slag or fly-ash can condense thereon. Such deposits can build up and disrupt the flow pattern of gasses in the downstream end of the burner thereby disabling the burner.
  • the nozzle on tip 20 is recessed axially inwardly by a distance 23 from the outer end 21A of coolant jacket 21 as shown in Figure 2. Additionally coolant (water) 19 flowing through the jacket 21 has its channel depth minimized by use of an internal annular baffle wall 22 disposed as shown. Coolant from line 19 enters jacket 21 and flows along the outside surface of jacket 21 because of baffle 22 until it reaches the tip 21A of the cooling jacket 21. It returns via annulus 22A between the inner wall of jacket 21 to the coolant return conduit 18.
  • the nozzle 20 of the burner is supplied with a thickened wall portion or flange 25 which tends to keep the feedstock supply conduit 13 and nozzle 20 centered in coolant jacket 21.
  • high pressure inert gas such as N 2
  • gas blast passage 24A where it can rush axially along passage 24A to exit into the reaction zone near the nozzle 20.
  • These blasts of high pressure gas can blow away or blast off any molten slag tending to accumulate near the tip of nozzle 20 or in the passage 24A or to tip area 21A.
  • Possible purge gas rates (depending on burner size) of 0-2000 standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH) at standard temperature and pressure, preferably in the range of 250 SCFH, are used for this purpose.
  • a gas blast frequency of one 0.6 second blast every 10 minutes to every one minute can be used.
  • the gas blast passage 24 between the burner tip on nozzle 20 and the cooling water jacket 21 minimizes the thermal stress on the nozzle 20 and coolant jacket 21. This leads to less thermal expansion and contraction of the nozzle 20 and the jacket 21 and thus to less metal fatigue from this source. Also by retracting the nozzle 20 the radiant heat load from the reaction zone is reduced as the feed spray itself forms a shield. This lowers nozzle 20 temperature and also reduces particulate impacting from the reaction zone onto the nozzle 20 leading to less possible slag buildup on the nozzle 20 or jacket 21.
  • the retraction distance 23 of nozzle 20 is, of course, a function of nozzle design, tubular diameters, feedstock flow rates, feedstock types, etc. to just short of feedstock spray impacting on cooling jacket 21.
  • Distance 23 could vary, for example, from 0.1 inches to 0.85 inches with a preferable range from 0.3 inches to 0.4 inches for typical flow rates of feedstock, feedstock types, nozzle designs and tubular diameters typically in use.
  • the preferred burner design of the present invention uses a burner having a minimal surface area 21A tip exposed to the reaction zone along with the previously described superior water flow characteristics of the burner tip.
  • the curvature of the cooling annulus tip 21A maximizes the ratio of cooled surface to incident radiation and thus lowers the temperature of the cooling tip area.
  • the even distribution of coolant within the jacket 21 produced by the annular baffle 22 also allows for thinner metal in the jacket than previous designs. This augments the cooling effect of the moving coolant water as well. All of these features together act to reduce the outer surface temperature of the cooling jacket significantly and thus reduces the probability of molten slag particles sticking to the jacket 21 and forming a deposit.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Brûleur perfectionné (10) conçu pour des générateurs de gaz de processus d'oxydation partielle et possédant des passages annulaires (26) situés entre des conduits alignés coaxialement (13, 24) s'étendant depuis des sources d'amont jusque dans la zone de réaction d'aval. Une chemise de refroidissement extérieure (21), pourvue de chicanes intérieures (22) servant à freiner le flux de réfrigérant et dimensionnée de manière à réduire au minimum la zone d'aval, entoure un conduit en retrait (13), d'alimentation en combustible et en oxydant se terminant en ajutage. Le conduit d'alimentation central (13) n'est pas fixé à la chemise de refroidissement et l'espace annulaire (26) situé entre eux est relié à une source d'alimentation à haute pression d'un gaz relativement inerte, qu'on peut évacuer périodiquement par l'espace annulaire, afin d'empêcher la formation de dépôts sur l'ajutage (20) ou sur la chemise de refroidissement (21).
PCT/US1996/001350 1995-01-23 1996-01-18 Bruleur perfectionne pour processus d'oxydation partielle, comportant une extremite en retrait et une alimentation en gaz sous pression WO1996023171A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49692/96A AU4969296A (en) 1995-01-23 1996-01-18 Improved partial oxidation process burner with recessed tip and gas blasting
EP96906246A EP0805937B1 (fr) 1995-01-23 1996-01-18 Bruleur perfectionne pour processus d'oxydation partielle, comportant une extremite en retrait et une alimentation en gaz sous pression
DE69627475T DE69627475T2 (de) 1995-01-23 1996-01-18 Brenner zur teiloxidation mit versenktem mundstück und mit einer druckgaszufuhr
JP08523072A JP3142875B2 (ja) 1995-01-23 1996-01-18 後退した先端及びガスブラストをもつ改良された部分酸化処理バーナ

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/376,520 US5515794A (en) 1995-01-23 1995-01-23 Partial oxidation process burner with recessed tip and gas blasting
US08/376,520 1995-01-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996023171A1 true WO1996023171A1 (fr) 1996-08-01

Family

ID=23485345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/001350 WO1996023171A1 (fr) 1995-01-23 1996-01-18 Bruleur perfectionne pour processus d'oxydation partielle, comportant une extremite en retrait et une alimentation en gaz sous pression

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5515794A (fr)
EP (1) EP0805937B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3142875B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1114062C (fr)
AR (1) AR000784A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4969296A (fr)
CO (1) CO4700570A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69627475T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2197235T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN192378B (fr)
TW (1) TW360762B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023171A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA96319B (fr)

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EP0987492B1 (fr) * 1998-09-15 2003-05-28 Haldor Topsoe A/S Procédé de combustion d'un combustible hydrocarboné par un brûleur
EP0997433B1 (fr) * 1998-10-30 2004-03-24 Casale Chemicals SA Procédé et brûleur pour l'oxydation partielle d'hydrocarbures
US6892654B2 (en) * 2002-04-18 2005-05-17 Eastman Chemical Company Coal gasification feed injector shield with oxidation-resistant insert
US6755355B2 (en) 2002-04-18 2004-06-29 Eastman Chemical Company Coal gasification feed injector shield with integral corrosion barrier
US7117675B2 (en) * 2002-12-03 2006-10-10 General Electric Company Cooling of liquid fuel components to eliminate coking
US6918255B2 (en) * 2002-12-03 2005-07-19 General Electric Company Cooling of liquid fuel components to eliminate coking
WO2005095857A1 (fr) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-13 Software & Technologie Glas Gmbh (Stg) Injecteur de gaz
US7198555B2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2007-04-03 Southwest Research Institute Atomizer cooling by liquid circulation through atomizer tip holder
US20060147853A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-07-06 Lipp Charles W Feed nozzle assembly and burner apparatus for gas/liquid reactions
AT504398B1 (de) * 2006-10-24 2008-07-15 Windhager Zentralheizung Techn Porenbrenner, sowie verfahren zum betrieb eines porenbrenners
JP5046887B2 (ja) * 2007-11-27 2012-10-10 三菱重工業株式会社 高粘結性炭用バーナ及びガス化炉
US20100101203A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 General Electric Company Feed injector cooling jacket
EP2216291A1 (fr) * 2009-01-26 2010-08-11 Casale Chemicals S.A. Processus et brûleur pour la production de gaz de synthèse à partir d'hydrocarbures
KR20120009394A (ko) * 2010-07-21 2012-02-01 윤덕하 치아를 감싸서 닦는 칫솔
US9023121B2 (en) * 2010-10-20 2015-05-05 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Solid feed systems for elevated pressure processes, gasification systems and related methods
US9290708B2 (en) 2012-01-18 2016-03-22 General Electric Company Gasification system and method for gasifying a fuel
GB2507346A (en) * 2012-10-29 2014-04-30 Edwards Ltd Burner inlet assembly for generating a fluid pulse to assist in residue removal
US10302300B2 (en) * 2014-05-27 2019-05-28 General Electric Company Feed injector system
DE102014211757B4 (de) 2014-06-18 2018-05-30 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Brennervorrichtung für die Partialoxidation von gasförmigen Vergasungsstoffen
JP6461588B2 (ja) * 2014-12-12 2019-01-30 川崎重工業株式会社 燃焼システム
CN105485695B (zh) * 2015-12-28 2018-02-06 碎得机械(北京)有限公司 一种用于废弃物焚烧预处理的进料系统及方法
CN106122962A (zh) * 2016-08-08 2016-11-16 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 一种蓄热式燃气辐射管燃烧装置
JP6716422B2 (ja) * 2016-10-21 2020-07-01 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 バーナ装置、バーナ装置の冷却管破損検出方法、およびバーナ装置の冷却媒体制御方法
JP6847700B2 (ja) * 2017-02-15 2021-03-24 三菱パワー株式会社 バーナ及びバーナを備えたガス化炉並びにバーナの取付方法
JP7316163B2 (ja) * 2019-09-13 2023-07-27 三菱重工業株式会社 冷却流路構造及びバーナー

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JPS60105809A (ja) * 1983-11-15 1985-06-11 Godo Seitetsu Kk 溶解用バ−ナ
US5129333A (en) * 1991-06-24 1992-07-14 Aga Ab Apparatus and method for recycling waste
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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4969296A (en) 1996-08-14
ZA96319B (en) 1996-08-15
EP0805937B1 (fr) 2003-04-16
JPH10513252A (ja) 1998-12-15
EP0805937A1 (fr) 1997-11-12
CN1169183A (zh) 1997-12-31
TW360762B (en) 1999-06-11
US5515794A (en) 1996-05-14
ES2197235T3 (es) 2004-01-01
DE69627475T2 (de) 2003-10-30
JP3142875B2 (ja) 2001-03-07
DE69627475D1 (de) 2003-05-22
EP0805937A4 (fr) 1999-07-07
AR000784A1 (es) 1997-08-06
IN192378B (fr) 2004-04-10
CN1114062C (zh) 2003-07-09
CO4700570A1 (es) 1998-12-29

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