WO1996010460A1 - Dispositif d'aspiration destine au melange de liquides mettant en ×uvre plusieurs reducteurs - Google Patents

Dispositif d'aspiration destine au melange de liquides mettant en ×uvre plusieurs reducteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996010460A1
WO1996010460A1 PCT/US1995/013428 US9513428W WO9610460A1 WO 1996010460 A1 WO1996010460 A1 WO 1996010460A1 US 9513428 W US9513428 W US 9513428W WO 9610460 A1 WO9610460 A1 WO 9610460A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
aspirator
inches
restrictors
diameter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/013428
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stephen R. Horvath, Jr.
Charles E. Seaman, Jr.
Original Assignee
S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. filed Critical S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc.
Priority to AU39615/95A priority Critical patent/AU3961595A/en
Priority to JP8512188A priority patent/JPH10506836A/ja
Publication of WO1996010460A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996010460A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • A01M7/0092—Adding active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/30—Dip tubes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved aspirator device for accurately blending small quantities of a first liquid with a second liquid using a metering device to control the flow of the first liquid that comprises at least two molded plastic liquid flow restrictors.
  • the SOLUTIONS CENTERTM system also uses a combination of two metering elements, but one metering element of either about 0.048 inches (0.122 cm) or 0.103 inches (0.262 cm) in diameter is molded into the top of an apertured plug pressed into the neck of the.plastic concentrate container. A removable metering element located in the diptube extends into the container from the apertured plug and is serially connected to the other metering element in the plug. The removable metering element used depends upon the product to be dispensed and thus the dilution ratio desired.
  • the orifices in the removable metering elements range from 0.005 inches to 0.045 inches (0.0127 cm to 0.114 cm) in diameter.
  • the apertured plug is connected to a tube leading to the venturi in the aspirator device so that the contents of the liquid concentrate container are drawn into the flowing stream of water when a valve is opened by pressing a button to start the flow of water through the aspirator. Since the concentrate container (additive liquid) has both metering orifices, the user simply attaches a concentrate container to the system and does not have to select a metering orifice to obtain a properly diluted solution.
  • Another example of commonly known aspirator device is a garden hose-end sprayer which is used to apply lawn fertilizers and insecticides.
  • McNair et al. teach a hose-end sprayer that has a reservoir container that is filled with a dry dissolvable solid lawn chemical.
  • the reservoir container is attached to the device and automatically fills with water when water flows through the hose.
  • a diptube in the container is connected to an aspirator that has an upper orifice and a closed opposite end containing a series of small orifices.
  • the device also has a water bypass line which permits water to be forced into the reservoir container that is filled with the solid chemical.
  • the pressure of the water coming through the aspirator forces water backwards through the diptube into the reservoir container and out through the small orifices located in the bottom of the diptube.
  • the result is a series of high velocity water streams that agitate the dry chemical in the bottom of the container and assist in dissolving the chemical in the water being admitted.
  • the improvement described by McNair et al relates to a valve system located in the upper part of the reservoir container. Once the container is filled with water, the valve closes to stop the escape of air from the container through the valve. A small amount of water is forced into an opening that then reverses the flow of water through the diptube. A small amount of the dissolved chemical is drawn through the small orifices in the bottom of the diptube and up through the diptube to a metering orifice into the main water stream by way of the venturi effect. The metering function appears to be handled by the orifice near the aspirator rather than by the small orifices at the opposite bottom end of the diptube. Further metering can also be accomplished by another metering jet.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,058,296 to Wetherby teaches the use of check valves in the bottom of the diptube in an aspirator device to prevent backflow of the pressurized liquid into a liquid concentrate into the liquid concentrate container.
  • Column 1, lines 18-43 cites as prior art a certain mixing apparatus that uses a bypass conduit arrangement in combination with, among other things, a series of conduit restrictions. No reference is given to any specific patent that might describe such a system. Such references may be to U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,104,823 and 3,181,797 to Hayes that describe aspirator devices for blending liquids which use restrictors in the form of bushings.
  • the restrictors are said to provide a pressure drop in the conduit system that is divided into two separate paths comprising a main conduit and a bypass conduit . These bushings or restrictors are used to divide up the flow of the diluted concentrate provided by the aspirator devices.
  • dilution systems that use highly concentrated liquids that require high dilution ratios such as from about 1:500 to 1:2,500 parts by volume of the concentrate liquid to the main liquid such as water.
  • Accurate dilutions are important to avoid the waste of concentrate that inevitably occurs when the liquid concentrate is manually measured out into a quantity of main liquid such as water.
  • Use of too much concentrate can also have detrimental effects such by leaving unwanted residues of the active ingredients on surfaces being treated.
  • a volume dilution ratio of 1:256 requires the careful measurement of 0.5 ounces (14.8 cubic centimeters) of concentrate and dissolving that concentrate in 1 gallon (3.79 liters) of water.
  • Molded plastic components that are often made by injection molding are often used in aspirator devices of the above type for reasons of economy and simplicity of manufacture.
  • High dilution ratio devices require the use of restrictors containing very small orifices.
  • There is a limit as to the diameter and length ("land") of an orifice that can be injection molded because the pin used to form the orifice can be warped or broken as plastic is injected at high pressure if the diameter of pin is too small for its length to handle the pressure.
  • orifices of smaller than about 0.005 inches (0.0127 cm) in diameter with land lengths longer than the diameter cannot be injection molded from plastic. The land length is important to the dilution ratio of liquid concentrate to main liquid.
  • the viscosity of the liquid concentrate affects its flow through the orifice in the restrictor.
  • a longer land length is needed for higher liquid dilution ratios, but this is not technically feasible for a single restrictor because of molding technology limitations.
  • a practical dilution ratio limit for a single restrictor is about 1:750.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide an improved aspirator device for accurately blending, by way of the venturi effect, an additive liquid such as a liquid concentrate with a pressurized main liquid at a volume dilution ratio of from about 1:500 to 1:2,500. Another object is to provide such a device where the metering means used to achieve such dilutions is readily manufactured from plastic materials using conventional molding procedures, preferably injection molding procedures. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an improved aspirator device where the metering means is fully contained within a liquid concentrate container so that the desired dilution ratios are achieved simply by attaching the concentrate container to the aspirator device without further measurement or intervention needed by the user. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a metering means composed of two or more plastic injection molded restrictors in serial communication having readily injection moldable orifices with a diameter and land length that operate together to provide accurate high dilution ratios.
  • an aspirator device for accurately blending a pressurized main liquid passing through an aspirator with a metered quantity of an additive liquid contained within a reservoir wherein passage of main liquid through the aspirator causes the additive liquid to be drawn into the main liquid by way of venturi action from the reservoir through a metering means
  • the metering means comprising at least two molded plastic liquid flow restrictors that are in serial flow communication with the additive liquid, each such restrictor having as its smallest diameter fluid passage a hollow bore of from about 0.005 inches to 0.010 inches (0.0127 cm to 0.0254 cm) in diameter and up to about 0.010 inches (0.0254 cm) in length wherein the length does not substantially exceed the diameter and the amount of main fluid flowing through the aspirator and the dimensions of each hollow bore are such as to provide a volume:volume dilution ratio of the additive liquid to the main liquid of from about 1:500 to 1:2,500.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an improved aspirator device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a restrictor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified cross-sectional view of aspirator device 10 which comprises a conventional aspirator 12 composed of tube 14 having entry chamber 20 and exit chamber 28 with channel 18 positioned between chambers 20 and 28 where channel 18 has a smaller diameter than chambers 20 and 28.
  • a pressurized liquid such as water from a water main enters entry chamber 20 by means of a rubber or plastic hose 21 or other conduit that is affixed to chamber 20 in a conventional manner such as by a threaded pipe connection, friction fitting, solvent bonding or a clamping arrangement.
  • a conventional shutoff valve (not shown) is used to start and stop the flow of pressurized liquid through aspirator 12.
  • the pressurized water flows in the direction of arrow 22 and increases in velocity as it passes through narrower channel 18 containing additive tube 24.
  • the movement of the water passing over tube 24 creates a vacuum in passage 16 of tube 24 which draws additive liquid 26 -- which may be a liquid concentrate -- through passage 16 in the direction of arrow 25.
  • Additive liquid 26 is drawn into channel 18 where it mixes with the water passing through channel 18 into exit chamber 28 to form an accurately diluted water solution of additive liquid 26. That solution flows out of aspirator 12 in the direction of arrow 29 through a rubber or plastic exit hose 27 or other conduit for use.
  • additive liquid 26 flows through a series of passages through neck 32 of reservoir container 34 which stores additive liquid 26.
  • Tube 24 is connected to diptube 30 that contains three restrictors 36, 36',
  • Tube 14 may be conventionally attached to neck 32 by means of a screw cap, plug or other connection means.
  • FIG. 1 shows cap 31 which is fixed over neck 32 in a sealing fashion such as by means of screw threads (not shown) .
  • a conventional check valve 15 is connected to tube 24 between tube 24 and diptube 30, as shown, or alternatively mounted as part of diptube 30 (not shown) , which permits additive liquid to flow in the direction of arrow 25.
  • check valve 15 prevents pressurized liquid in chamber 18 from traveling opposite the direction of arrow 25 back into container 34 which would dilute additive liquid 26 and result in a solution with an incorrect volume dilution ratio.
  • check valve 15 is mounted on cap 31 and tube 17 serves to provide a connection between check valve 15 and diptube 30.
  • Diptube 30 is made of a flexible plastic such as polyethylene or polypropylene so that flange 38 forms a seal between the outer edge 42 of flanges 38 and wall 35 of passage 40 in diptube 30.
  • Container 34 may be made of a plastic such as polyethylene, polypropylene or other suitable plastics.
  • Container 34 is sealed by means of a plastic friction fit plug 33 which permits check valve 15 and tube 17 to be joined together in a sealing fashion.
  • Cap 31 can be removed so that a new container 34 of additive liquid 26 can be substituted when the additive liquid from a previously attached container 34 is depleted or if a different additive liquid is to be dispensed from aspirator device 10.
  • additive liquid 26 is drawn into chamber 18 through passage 16, check valve 15, passage 19, and passage 40 as well as through orifices 44, 44', 44'' of restrictors 36, 36', 36''.
  • Restrictors 36, 36', 36'' serve to meter the flow of additive liquid 26 from reservoir container 34 through screen 46 on screen holder 48 affixed to end 41 located at the bottom of diptube 30.
  • Holder 48 contains bottom openings 50 which permit additive liquid 26 to pass into the bottom of holder 48 through screen 46 into passage 40 and ultimately into channel 18.
  • a screen is preferred to prevent small crystals or other materials from plugging fine orifices 44, 44', 44''.
  • the size of the screen opening may have an effect on the volume dilution ratios obtained by restricting the flow of additive liquid 26. This should be taken into consideration when making the improved aspirator device of the present invention.
  • the Horvath et al. precision-ratioed fluid-mixing device and system noted above gives an example of an aspirator device to which the present invention could be applied.
  • the Horvath et al. PCT Patent Application derives priority from U.S. Serial No. 07/513,401 filed on April 23, 1990 and teaches an aspirator device and system which would be improved by the use of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of restrictor 36-- restrictors 36' and 36'' have the same configuration where reference numerals with an apostrophe ("' ") or a double apostrophe ("''")correspond to the same reference numerals in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 better shows the internal details of restrictor 36 that include hollow cylindrical bore or orifice 44 having diameter Dl and land LI, longer cylindrical bore or passage 37 having diameter D2 and land L2, and shorter cylindrical bore or passage 39 having diameter D3 and land L3.
  • a small diameter orifice is used wherein Dl is from about 0.005 inches to 0.010 inches (0.0127 cm to 0.0254 cm) in diameter.
  • a typical tolerance on small restrictor orifice diameters is ⁇ 0.0002 inches ( ⁇ 0.0005 cm) .
  • the length of the land formed by a corresponding pin in the mold is typically no greater than the diameter of the bore or orifice.
  • the length of LI is no more than about 0.010 inches (0.0254 cm), but does not exceed the length of Dl due to molding considerations relating to the use of the small diameter pins needed to form such an orifice.
  • Orifice 44 is formed by using a mold pin with portions that together form orifice 44, angled passage 43 and longer passage 37. A separate mold pin is used to form shorter passage 39. These two mold pins come together and meet when the mold is closed to form restrictor 36.
  • Wall 45 preferably has a 45° angle relative to the central long axis of orifice 44 to obtain optimum molding of orifice 44.
  • the diameters D2 and D3 of passages 37 and 39 are preferably significantly larger than the diameter Dl of orifice 44 so that orifice 44 acts to control the liquid flow rate and thus, the dilution ratio of additive liquid 26 to the main liquid passing through channel 18.
  • D2 and D3 typically have the same diameter.
  • L2 and L3 are longer than LI and L2 is longer than L3.
  • the values of L2 and L3 can also affect the dilution ratio obtained depending upon the viscosity of the additive liquid.
  • each restrictor 36 should be inserted into passage 40 of tube 30 such that longer passage 37 faces toward end 41 of tube 30.
  • restrictors 36, 36' and 36'' may be placed anywhere along passages 16, 19 or 40, more accurate dilution ratios are obtained, especially when higher dilution ratios are desired, when each restrictor 36 used is in close proximity to the other restrictors as shown in FIG. 1. "Close proximity" means that each restrictor 36 is positioned so as to be nearly touching the next restrictor 36. Once a steady state flow of main liquid stream has been established, the placement of each restrictor 36 will not have a significant effect on the dilution ratio.
  • each restrictor 36 in close proximity to the next one tends to reduce any viscosity effects on the start of the flow of additive liquid 26 into the main liquid stream and thus provides a more accurately diluted solution of additive liquid 26.
  • Restrictor 36 can be made from any plastic material which can be molded, particularly by injection molding, such - li ⁇
  • Polyethylene polyethylene
  • polypropylene polysulfone
  • Polypropylene is presently preferred because of its solvent resistance to common cleaning and maintenance chemicals.
  • tube 14 and channel 18 are selected in conjunction with the size of orifice 44 and the number of restrictors 36 to be used to obtain the desired volume dilution ratio, also taking into consideration the passage diameters and land lengths of present in each restrictor 36. It is also contemplated that the orifice 44 used in one restrictor need not have the same diameter and land length as the orifice 44 used in the second orifice. That provides more flexibility in obtaining the desired volume dilution ratio of additive liquid to main liquid. If desired, three or more restrictors 36 could be used to achieve the desired volume dilution ratio as will be shown in the following Examples.
  • an orifice such as one having a nominal diameter of 0.080 inches (0.203 cm) could be placed in plug 33 to which diptube 30 is attached.
  • Such an orifice could also be in the aspirator 12 itself at the point where tube 14 meets chamber 18 (the latter in the manner shown in the Horvath et al . patent application noted above) .
  • the improved aspirator device of the present invention is particularly useful in conjunction with the accurate delivery of diluted solutions made from highly concentrated liquids.
  • solutions can be used as disinfectants, hard surface cleaners for floors, windows and the like, degreasers, mildewcide, fungicide and insecticide solutions, floor polishes, and the like.
  • Examples 1-3 show the ability of the restrictors of the present invention to achieve accurate volume dilution ratios when used in a commercial S. C. Johnson Professional SOLUTIONS CENTERTM aspirator blending system.
  • the aspirator used the SOLUTIONS CENTERTM system was part no. 10034004 commercially obtained from Hydro Systems Company of Cincinnati, OH which was connected to a standard utility water supply line.
  • the water pressure reaching the aspirator was adjusted by a regulator to be 40 pounds per square inch (275.8 kilopascal) gauge with a flow rate through the aspirator of 3.6 gallons (13.6 liters) per minute.
  • a flexible tube containing a check valve was connected by way of a conventional screw cap to a reservoir container of the type sold by S. C. Johnson Professional for use with the SOLUTIONS CENTERTM. That container had a plastic plug in the neck of the container which contained an orifice of 0.043 inches (0.109 cm) in diameter.
  • the plastic diptube connected to the plug had the same appearance as shown in FIG. 1 although a different number of restrictors as indicated in each Example.
  • the additive liquid used was J-512 Sanitizer, a sanitizer product concentrate commercially available from S. C. Johnson Professional Division of S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc.
  • Example 1 is a comparative Example that uses one restrictor of the type described above.
  • Examples 2 using two of the same size of restrictors
  • 3 using three of the same size of restrictors

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif d'aspiration amélioré (10) destiné à mélanger avec précision un liquide d'addition (26), tel qu'un concentré liquide, avec la vapeur sous pression d'un liquide principal tel que l'eau. Le procédé d'amélioration consiste à utiliser un dispositif de mesure constitué d'au moins deux réducteurs en plastique moulés par injection (36, 36', 36''), installés en série pour communiquer. Chaque réducteur (36, 36', 36'') comporte, au niveau de son diamètre le plus petit du passage de fluide, un alésage creux (44,44', 44'') dont le diamètre est compris entre environ 0,005 et 0,010 pouces (0,0127 et 0,0254 cm) et dont la longueur est comprise entre environ 0,005 et 0,010 pouces (0,0127 et 0,0254 cm), les dimensions de cet alésage creux permettant d'obtenir un rapport volume/dilution volumétrique du liquide d'addition (26) et du liquide principal compris entre 1:500 et 1:2,500.
PCT/US1995/013428 1994-10-04 1995-10-04 Dispositif d'aspiration destine au melange de liquides mettant en ×uvre plusieurs reducteurs WO1996010460A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU39615/95A AU3961595A (en) 1994-10-04 1995-10-04 Aspirator liquid blending device using multiple restrictors
JP8512188A JPH10506836A (ja) 1994-10-04 1995-10-04 複数の制限器を用いる吸引液体混合装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/317,974 1994-10-04
US08/317,974 US5529244A (en) 1994-10-04 1994-10-04 Aspirator liquid blending device using multiple restrictors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996010460A1 true WO1996010460A1 (fr) 1996-04-11

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US (1) US5529244A (fr)
JP (1) JPH10506836A (fr)
AU (1) AU3961595A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996010460A1 (fr)

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WO2009152321A1 (fr) * 2008-06-11 2009-12-17 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Détecteur de chromatographie en phase liquide et régulateur de débit pour ledit détecteur
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JPH10506836A (ja) 1998-07-07
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