WO1996004437A1

WO1996004437A1 - 120 minutes flame-arrester glazed running floor

Info

Publication number: WO1996004437A1
Application number: PCT/FR1995/001008
Authority: WO
Inventors: Branislav Stefanovic
Original assignee: Branislav Stefanovic
Priority date: 1994-07-29
Filing date: 1995-07-27
Publication date: 1996-02-15
Also published as: FR2723123B1; FR2723123A1

Abstract

A structure of corners (4) comprising: three groups of direct expansion modulated frames forming a metal structure (4) providing through fixing elements and with oblong holes for assemblies (5, 6, 7, 8, 24) an individual expansion of each modulated frame (1, 2, 3) forming the floor bearing structure comprised of two glazing groups (12, 14, 15), the first of these two glazing groups having a flame-arrester function. The second glass group bears important loads, resting on an isolated panel (13) which is used for the perfect holding of the first glazing group and also has a thermal barrier between the two glaze groups. The low portions of this structure are isolated by means of a folded steel hood and isolated by alumina silica threads. The assembly is fixed to masonry walls through the oblongs holes by means of an assembly of fixing elements which provide for its holding and dilatory displacement.

Description

120 MINUTES FIRE-RESISTANT GLASS FLOOR:

The invention relates to three groups of chassis modulated

Autonomous expansion of the type, of a glazed floor citing a long-lasting and very long fire dune for fire protection of premises, at high risk.

There is currently no fire-rated glass floor.

But there are panellamme floors of a design and use quite different from the Lut sought to obtain. The flame protection is considered insufficient by. fire safety services.

In fact, a glass, of a 6 mm annealed spacer, is held laterally by two angles overhung by a grating in order to protect the glass from falling debris or other objects during the fire, from slabs of glass capable of supporting weights in prolonged parking before the Fire. Experience has shown that this type of construction is insufficient and unsightly. No casing covering is planned. In the event of a fire, the glass panel for floor use deforms in protrusion after fire, breaks and falls on the grating, remains there in pieces, ceasing to fulfill its function as a floor. The Lower glass can thus continue its function of

flame for an hour. In addition, fixing rods rigidly secure the frame placed on the masonry.

Therefore no expansion is possible. The structure of the floor deforms laterally accentuating the possibility from the flame of the flame-retardant glass panel which eventually falls off after an hour. In addition, the longitudinal and / or lateral extension of the chassis is not possible. One or more concrete beams must be inserted between two or more floors. This or these beams go against research

aesthetic of the architect because they limit the

"transparency" of the floor, actually forming skylights. The verrler volumes inside the load-bearing profile of the floor are clearly smaller. To go from a fireproof floor to a fire-resistant floor, the technique is different and according to this mode of realization, it would be necessary to considerably widen the thickness of the supporting frame of the floor and put a glazing of different design, very thick and including several glass panels

transparent multilayers with their inserts

intumescent representing thermal barriers, insulating at temperatures of more than 1,000 degrees, for the

protection of monolayer or multilayer glass supporting a certain mobile weight or in prolonged or permanent parking at this, cold or during the fire and this, for a short, long or very long duration, which is impossible with a flame retardant glass allowing the radiation of the integral heat of the fire and preventing only its crossing by women. The role of a flame retardant glass is incomparable with fire protection glasses. Fireproof glasses are at the same time fireproof, but the fireproof glass is in no way fireproof. The radiation of heat from the flame glass always occurs from the start of the fire, while the fire glass ceases to be so only from 180 degrees obtained on the surface not exposed to fire. It is not possible to park on a flame (broken) floor for

the fire.

The 3 groups of modulated independent expansion châssls composing this fire-resistant glazed floor according to the invention has the purpose of mulching these drawbacks and arriving at the fire-break degree at more than two hours, thus allowing the

parking or passage during the fire.

According to a preferential mode of dreaming, the individual modulated frames of the fire-resistant floor, according to the invention are constituted:

- at least one group of lower transparent multi-layer means protecting the upper multilayer means and resistant to temperatures above 1,000 degrees, separated by a succession of air knives, ensuring a firebreak function greater than two hours;

- Means ensuring a rigid holding function of the transparent multilayer means;

- peripheral and internal means to the assemblies making up the floor, ensuring a very rigid support structure function of one or two multilayer groups

transparencies providing the fire protection function;

- Peripheral means and Internal means to the assemblies making up this floor, ensuring a very rigid support structure function of the transparent or translucent multilayer group ensuring the function of the floor carrying mobile weights or in prolonged parking;

- means ensuring a thermal insulation function between the transparent or translucent multi-layer means which can carrying more or less significant weights, the means of

maintenance of these and the support structure;

- means ensuring a holding and expansion function between the constltutlfs elements of the support structure;

- a means ensuring functions: thermal insulation, filling of intermediate spaces, catching up of play between the load-bearing elements of the floor glass volume, and compensating for longitudinal and lateral expansion of the glazed floor.

- means ensuring an esthetic cover function and insulating internal and external partles from the load-bearing elements of the glazed floor;

- means ensuring a very significant reduction function of the temperature of the fixed means for maintaining transparent or translucent multilayer means and its support structure;

- means ensuring functions: immobilization of the floor between the load-bearing walls, fixing in their upper part, lateral and longitudinal guidance and free lateral and longitudinal expansion of the said floor without introducing any mechanical stress on the glass volumes during

the fire.

The transparent multilayer verrler group (s) ensuring the firebreak function and constituting one or more superposed glass volumes, are composed of at least three and maximum six panes, some of which are independent monolayers or laminated and which can support large mobile or parked loads and others with very high resistance to fire, joined together in the mirror with an interlayer intumescent - transparent between each window and one or more air gaps between the multilayer fire protection groups,

defined by spacers. We must separate the roles of each multilayer volume making up this floor. The first lower ones acting as a fire barrier protect the top layer monolayer or multilayer whose role will be to carry weights of more than 250Kg / m2 uniformly distributed cold or hot. This multilayer volume is capable of carrying this pold but flammable or brittle, must imperatively be protected by the lower multilayer volume serving as

protection at more than 1,000 degrees for one or more hours. This volume being composed of one or more their transparent multilayer verrler groups with very high resistance to fire thanks to their solicitude by apposition of interleaves between each layer and a layer of air between the two

multilayers which are joined together by a rigid steel brace, at the mirror shop. These two multi-layer groups are rigidly held between the support profile and the bead-shaped profile in the form of an angle after interposition of a strip of ceramic fibers or the like very compact cooperating with a silicone seal; the ends of the two glass groups are free from expansion.

The peripheral structure and the internal means of said floor, consist of a metal support angle of variable section according to the potds to be worn, protected against corrosion, the long side of which is arranged vertically. These angles are insulated in the lower part on the fire side by a slightly rigid material with a high thermal insulation coefficient, glued to the steel sheet casing folded in the shape of a letter "L" and screwed in such a way. so that it maintains both the glazing bead at the angle and the cover at the bearing angle. The nuts are then hidden by a "U" shaped cover and insulated by silica and alumina fibers, forced into place to be held in place. place without further help.

The means ensuring a rigid holding function of the transparent multilayer glass groups, include beaded proftlés folded in the shape of a "U" having one wing longer than the other; they are made integral with the profile of the structure by a guide screw on the longest wing, through an oblong hole allowing the catching up of the

variable thicknesses with the tolerances allowed for multi-layer fire-resistant volumes: a threaded rod compresses and holds the glass volume in place by a washer and a nut welded to the glazing bead passing through the support angle iron and bolted with it by a washer and its screwed nut on its lower part on the fire side and through the cover comprising its soft felt insulator of compressed silica and alumina wires having a very high degree of thermal insulation. The cover comes into force between the two covers or between the cover and the outer wall which is stuffed with ceramic wool with very high thermal insulation power aesthetically hides this attachment. This system allows an aesthetic appearance of the visible part on the ceiling side. The shortest wing of the "U" shaped glazing bead serves to hold in place the part of felt with high insulation power

thermal, bonded to the base of the glazing bead to support the multilayer volume serving as a floor with a high power to support flammable or brittle mal polds. The means, ensuring an aesthetic cover function of the external parts of the support frame in the form of an angle iron, is constituted by a first profile made of folded sheet steel.

substantially in the shape of an "L", its small wing has a support fold on the corresponding profile.

A second cover profile is used for the external parts of the interior structure of the floor. It is made of sheet steel folded in the shape of a "U", each of the short sides of which is identical and placed upside down with the letter "U" resting at the head of the angle inwards, so as to form a reinforcement at the head of the angle inward. The folds are each supported on the glazing strip,

The means ensuring a very significant reduction function of the temperature of the rigid means for maintaining the transparent glass volumes, are formed by the strip of felt with very high coefficient of thermal insulation, glued to the internal face of the cover profiles and the he thermal seal between the end of the cowlings and the masonry wall is ensured by a silicone gasket.

The means, ensuring the functions: of immobilizing the floor between the load-bearing floors, of lateral or longitudinal guidance and of free expansion of each element carrying the glass volumes of said floor without introducing any mechanical stress on the glass volumes, are each constituted by a a bolt through a sheath of length equal to the epalizer of the two angles, engaged in the oblong opening corresponding to the two angles assembled by a washer and nut for tightening the bolt passing through the sheath. The sheath is used to adjust the tightness of the two angles leaving them the possibility of free expansion.

The means, ensuring the functions of fixing the floor in the lateral part along the two walls, and of free expansion without introducing any mechanical stress on the verrler volumes, are each constluted through oblong holes pan of the Megaspit fastenings each supporting a large load shear. They are slightly spaced from each other, through the oblong hole so as to form a lateral slide of the metal structure of the floor.

The head of the Megaspit fixing block is supported on a thick washer allowing the angle iron to slide during expansion.

The advantages of the glazed, continuous, fire-resistant floor according to the invention are as follows:

- to date, there is no fire-resistant glazed floor, so it is incomparable;

- the fireproof floor is in no way comparable to the fire-resistant floor;

- The flame retardant floor ceases to be usable from the start of the fire because there is nothing capable of supporting a pot, which makes the fundamental difference between the two floors.

- In addition, a fireproof glazed floor is limited to a small putt of light, which is not the case with a fireproof floor;

- it performs the firebreak function of more than two hours;

- it maintains the glass volume;

- it allows to have side by side as many elements forming the floor requested by the concrete walls, hence a great deal of light inside the buildings;

- it ensures a free expansion of the floor in both directions allowing its construction without limit either in length or in width, hence its definition of "floating" floor;

- It ensures a very high peripheral thermal seal which considerably limits the deformations of the load-bearing elements;

- it performs its function as a fire-rated glazed floor before and during the fire;

- it ensures the possibility of mobile or stationary load during the fire;

- it significantly reduces the overall thickness compared to the fire capacity;

- its aesthetic is ensured by cowlings framing the glass volumes.

The invention applies to:

- the protection of collective places to allow,

parking, passage or complete evacuation of people in collective buildings during the fire;

- the protection of places where blens or valuable equipment are exhibited;

- the protection of high-risk places receiving a large audience;

- it serves as an escape and allows free evacuation of people for 2 hours;

The invention described in detail in the following text, with reference to the accompanying drawings given by way of nonlimiting examples, in which:

- plate 1: front view not exposed to fire three groups modulated individual expansion chassis 1,2,3 composing the floor before receiving the glass volumes in a floor intended to be tested in the test laboratory, and

supplemented by the plates which will follow;

- board 2: cross section between two modules internal support elements composing the floor. It represents the whole of the means of which the floor is composed.

We have shown the arrangement of transparent means ensuring the firebreak function, composed of two multilayer volumes (14,15) whose six glasses making up each volume are

assembled (at the mirror shop) with each other by transparent intumescent inserts, for the two groups thus formed are joined to each other by a steel spacer (16) allowing the creation of a vacuum of separation air between the two volumes superimposed. We see the two elements

carriers (4) in the form of an angle iron letter "L" assembled together by elements of "dilatory fixing" (5,6,7,8) each carrying on its side its transparent multilayer groups

thermal insulation (14,15) from which they are separated by a soft mattress (20) composed of alumina silica wires with very high thermal insulation power and sealed using a continuous silicone seal ( 11). The transparent fire-resistant means is held in place by means of the glazing bead (13) made of separate steel pan the same mattress of insulating felt (20), the top of the glazing bead being covered with another mattress (20) of the same composition on which is supported. the translucent multilayer means (12); the glazing beads are fixed to the structure elements of the modulated châssls (4) by screws (9) and threaded rod (17) provided with its washers and its nuts (25) in order to keep in place the glass volumes (14, 15) and the low covers (18) tight to the expansion module elements of which the floor is composed.

This low cover (18) with cover (19), as well as the high cover allow both the low and high aesthetic finishing of the elements of the structure and to isolate the structure by a thicker or thicker layer of insulating felt bonded by a insulating adhesive; the floors located opposite the glass volumes, are insulated by silicone (11) allowing a

total watertightness.

- Plate 3: cross section of the element forming part of module 2 and 3 of Plate 1, the floor of which is composed at its periphery. In addition, elements shown on Plate 2 have been shown there; The fixing (21) of the whole floor to the load-bearing masonry walls, the top cowling (23) different from the cowling (10) top of the interior elements on the board 2, the bottom cowl (22) different from the cowl (19) shown on Plate 2.

All the plates 2 and 3 show the arrangement of the glazing bead (13) fixed to the expansion module elements

independent (9,17) carrying on one side the transparent or translucent multilayer volumes (12) capable of supporting mobile polds or in more or less prolonged parking before or during the fire, and depending on the means of holding the group in place transparent multilayer (14,15) assembled by a steel spacer, with a view to the formation of a thermal barrier for protecting the carrying volume of the pots (12), fragile at high temperatures.

- Plate 4: presents the first group of modulated châssls figure 5 - dilation of which the floor is made up (plate 1) with its internal and external fixings (figures 4 and 6)

- Plate 5: presents the second group of modulated chassis (Figure 9) with expansion, the floor of which is composed (Plate 1) with its internal and external fasteners Figures 8 and 7;

- Plate 6: presents the third group of modulated chassis (Figure 10) with expansion, the floor of which is composed (Plate 1) with its internal and peripheral fastenings with lateral expansion (Figures 11 and 12);

- plate 7: side view opposite to the fire, side of the volumes carrying the loose loads or in staggering, with the high cowlings (plate 2 and 3 n ° 10 and 23) terminated by silicone seal plate 10 nº11;

- board 8: view of the cowlings (board 2 no. 18) and bottom covers (boards 2 and 3 no. 19 and 22).

- plates 9 - Figures 15.16: showing the glazing beads with the expansions at the ends and the location of the oblong holes for fixing to the floor structure, by means of oblong holes for adjusting the compensation (24).

As shown schematically on a small scale, seen in elevation on plate 2, the modulated frames composing the fire-resistant glazed floor according to the invention consist of a peripheral support structure (4) inside which structural elements (13, 9, 17) cooperate to maintain the glass volumes (14, 15) constituting the fire-resistant glazing. The large sides of the floor are not fixed to the support wall to subsequently allow construction in unlimited length towards the two sides not fixed to the support wall. The short sides of the floor are fixed to the wall support. We showed on the whole structure

the location of the cover (19) for isolating the

low casing of the structure. As an example, the length of the Lower glazing (14.15) is around 1.8 meters and its width around 0.800 meters. For example,

dimensions of the floor shown are around 3.80m

X 3m.

The floor is fixed to the support wall through oblong holes (boards 4,5,6) of the same diameter as the sheath

(21 - plate 3) in steel comprising a bolt with its attachment system in the support wall on one side and by a thick washer tight against the vertical part of the angle

carrier of the entire floor leaving him the

possibility of free longitudinal expansion. Each floor bearing assembly is made up of one and a half modulated chassis with independent expansion (plate 4,5,6) and with a second and a half modulated chassis with independent expansion carrying 3 fire / floor volumes once assembled. They expand freely with each other thanks to the distance-maintaining fasteners by sheaths (7) of length at the right thickness of the two angles (4); the ends of the sleeves have on each side a thick washer (6) tightened by means of a bolt (5) with its nut on the other side of the brackets (4) and this, through an oblong hole of length twice the diameter .

The entanglement of the angles screwed one parallel to the other and welded perpendicularly, boards 1,4,5,6, allowing an extension of construction of the modulated châasis composing said floor to infinity.

The upper volumes (12) are placed on a mattress (20) of fibers with a very low heat transfer coefficient, which is bonded to the glazing bead (13) of the lower volume isolated from the glazing bead by the same fiber mat (20), but of lesser thickness. The voluαia glassmaker comprises two identical multilayer groups (14, 15), each consisting of at least six panes of glass joined together peripherally at the mirror shop, with an interlayer between each pane, the two volumes assembled by means of a steel spacer (16).

The upper glass volume (12) composed of a multilayer group consisting of at least three panes secured to each other at the mirror with an interlayer between each pan.

A larger air gap separates the two groups

multilayered together. It is defined by the thickness of the fiber mat, upper and lower of the glazing bead (13). The thermal seal between the end of the curved coverings (18) and placed under the insulation strip affixed in the upper part between the structural elements (4) and the glass volume is ensured by a silicone seal (11).

Claims

CLAIMS:

1. Glass strip floor consisting of modulated chassis

autonomous expansion including a steel structure

device for holding at least 2 different superimposed glass panels - one lower with regard to thermal insulation, the other separate and higher as the means for supporting mobile or stationary weights for a long time or very long lasting; of means of fastenings through structures with means of expansion internal to the modulated chassis. - fixing means on load-bearing walls, characterized in that said floor consists of:

- at least one group of transparent or translucent multilayer medium (14,15), resistant to temperatures above 1,000 degrees, ensuring a fire-resistant function and of another transparent or translucent monolayer or multilayer group

(12) intended to support heavy weights when cold and during fire;

- Means (4,9,17,13,25) ensuring a rigid holding function of the transparent multi-layer means.

- Peripheral means and means internal to the floor (4), ensuring a very rigid support structure function of the multilayer group ensuring the fire stop function and support of large weights when cold and during the fire;

- Means ensuring a thermal insulation function between the transparent or translucent multilayer means, the means for holding them and the support structure;

- A means (20) providing functions: thermal insulation, filling of intermediate spaces, making up play, between the elements forming the floor (1,2,3) and lateral or longitudinal expansion compensator

floor;

- Means (18,19) ensuring an aesthetic cover function of the internal and external parts (10) of the floor;

- means (20) ensuring a very reduction function

significant temperature of the rigid means for holding the transparent multilayer means and their support structure;

- Means ensuring functions: fixing (21) of the floor to the load-bearing walls of the floor without introducing any

mechanical stress on glass volumes.

2 - Fire-resistant glazed floor according to claim 1,

characterized in that the two multilayer groups (14,15) of transparent means ensuring the fire protection function and

constituting a glass volume, are composed of at least six panes secured peripherally at the mirror with an interlayer between each pane and possibly an air gap between the two multilayer groups defined by steel spacers (16).

3 - Fire-resistant glazed floor according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the two multilayer groups (14,15) are rigidly held between bearing profiles (4) and glazing beads (13) after interposition of strips (20 ), very compact ceramic or alumina silica or similar fibers cooperating with a silicone seal (11), in that these glass groups are superimposed by being supported by means of a mattress of fibers with high thermal insulation on the pareclose of the fire-resistant multilayer group, and in that this multilayer group carries weight before and during the fire. 4 - Fireproof glazed floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral means (2,3) and the internal means (1) to said floor, providing a support structure function of the means ensuring the fire protection function, are consisting mainly of a set of steel angles (4), protected against corrosion, the long side of which is arranged vertically in that these angles are joined either by welding perpendicularly and clamping through oblong holes by means comprising at each end a thick washer (6) and a bolt head on one side (5) and a nut (8) on the other side.

5 - Fire-resistant glazed floor according to claims 1, 2 and 4 characterized in that the means, ensuring a rigid holding function of the transparent multilayer fire-rated glass group (14,15), include glazing profiles (13) of "U" shaped section, they are made integral with the outer bearing profile (4) of the peripheral structure for maintaining the glass volumes, in that the fixing of the glazed profiles (13) is guided by means of screws (9) made of steel screwed onto the glazing bead profile (13) through an oblong hole to compensate for the thicknesses of the multilayer glass groups and to the exterior profile (4)

corresponding to the structure, in that on the side not exposed to fire the multilayer volume is placed on a mattress (20) and the peripheral sides distant from the insulating casing and the orifice thus created filled with silicone (11).

6 - Fire-resistant glazed floor according to claims 1, 2 and 5 characterized in that the means ensuring the function of aesthetic covering of the external parts of the chassis is constituted by a first section (18) made of sheet steel folded substantially in the shape of an "L", and made invisible by the cover (19) retracted by force.

7 - Fire-resistant glazed floor according to Claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the means ensuring a very significant temperature reduction function of the rigid means for holding the transparent multilayer means and their support structure, consist of a strip ( 20) of material with a very high coefficient of thermal insulation, bonded to the internal face of the cowlings (18), in that the thermal seal between the end of the curved cowlings (18) and placed under the affixed strip of insulation in the upper part between the structural elements (4) and the glass volume is ensured by a silicone seal (11).

8 - Fireproof glazed floor according to claims 1 and 4 characterized in that the means ensuring the functions:

carriers of the floor in the lateral part and its guide for free expansion of the floor without introducing any mechanical stress on the glass volumes, are each constituted by support and guide fasteners, in that the fastening is constituted by Mêgaspit fasteners ( 21), secured to the masonry wall (boards 1,3,6), in that a

lateral slide formed by an oblong hole secures the two metal structures of the floor (boards 4,5), is engaged a bolt (5) in support and through, by a sheath

(7) provided with two thick washers (6) tightened on two sides by the head of this same bolt on one side and nut (8) on the other side.