WO1996001976A1 - Dispositif permettant d'enregistrer des changements de position ou des mouvements sur de courtes distances - Google Patents

Dispositif permettant d'enregistrer des changements de position ou des mouvements sur de courtes distances Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996001976A1
WO1996001976A1 PCT/DE1995/000862 DE9500862W WO9601976A1 WO 1996001976 A1 WO1996001976 A1 WO 1996001976A1 DE 9500862 W DE9500862 W DE 9500862W WO 9601976 A1 WO9601976 A1 WO 9601976A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitter
receiver
area
light
carrier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1995/000862
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Engberts
Original Assignee
Uwe Engberts
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19508396A external-priority patent/DE19508396C2/de
Application filed by Uwe Engberts filed Critical Uwe Engberts
Priority to AU29202/95A priority Critical patent/AU2920295A/en
Publication of WO1996001976A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996001976A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for registering changes in position or movements over distances of less than a few millimeters, preferably over distances of fractions of a millimeter, in particular a device for monitoring at least one force acting on an object and leading in any case to a relative movement.
  • strain gauges devices of the type mentioned at the outset are known, for example as so-called “strain gauges", by means of which e.g. Weight forces or other loads or movements or changes in position that occur as a result are to be registered.
  • Such devices have preferred directions due to their design, in which they can register forces or movements.
  • a microphone in which acoustic waves lead to small relative movements of microphone elements, which in turn are registered, recorded or converted into movements at another location, for example in the area of a loudspeaker.
  • the invention has for its object to show a device of the type mentioned, which is relatively inexpensive, ensures high accuracy, easy to arrange, maintain and calibrate and can possibly also detect forces or movements in different directional components.
  • a device which is distinguished by a sensor device comprising a transmitter for electromagnetic radiation and a receiver for this radiation, the transmitter and the receiver being arranged at a distance from one another so that there is a space between them a movement path that runs approximately with respect to the radiation of a movement body suitable for partially interrupting the radiation region and performing or indicating the change in position or the movement.
  • the sensor device according to the invention could be a light barrier, as shown in FIG a preferred development is also provided according to the invention.
  • the radiation path of the sensor device essentially either the object that is moving at all or a moving body, quasi a pointer, which reflects the movement of another object, because it is coupled to this object in some way, for example.
  • the movement body is designed as an interrupter for the light path of a light barrier, which is oriented with its free end section, approximately transversely to the light path, partially immersed in the light path and partially blocked.
  • the interrupter and the light barrier are arranged at a distance from one another on the object on which forces act, and at such a distance from one another that the free end section of the interrupter can dip into the light path and thus partially obscure the light transmitter from the light receiver.
  • the interrupter can in principle be of any length, for example as a strip-shaped pointer.
  • Photo eye because the object is for example bends, stretches or compresses. As a result, the occlusion or the interrupted area of the light path through the interrupter is changed, namely continuously changed, which an analog light barrier in particular can register very precisely on the basis of the respective light reception. It is quite conceivable to quantitatively detect path changes of the interrupter of approximately 0.01 micrometers.
  • the device according to the invention can be used in a simple manner, for example to register 5 occurring forces on machine tools, which could generally be reaction forces of the tool actuation, as a result of which conclusions could be drawn about the activity of the tool.
  • a device according to the invention could, for example, also be arranged on cranes or the like in order to monitor weight loads which could lead to changes in the shape of the crane construction. Another possibility would be e.g. in arranging a device according to the invention on a workpiece at 5 machining it and e.g. thereby checking the processing progress.
  • the movement body could also be coupled, for example, to the membrane of a microphone, as a result of which the membrane movements could be registered very precisely and further processed electrically. Also e.g. Purposes in optics would be conceivable.
  • the interrupter or the moving body can be in various orientations on an object to be ordered. Accordingly, movements or forces that act in different directions could be registered.
  • An alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized by a sensor device comprising at least one transmitter for electromagnetic radiation and at least one receiver for this radiation, the transmitter and the receiver for changing the width of the overlap the transmission area and the reception area are arranged to be movable relative to one another.
  • a moving body is not required or is very difficult to provide. In such a case, it may be sufficient if the movement takes place between the elements of the sensor device itself, that is to say the transmitter and the receiver move relative to one another. The resulting change in the overlap of the transmission area and the reception area leads to a corresponding change in the output signal of the receiver, so that this relative movement can also be registered very precisely and implemented electrically.
  • a particularly precise registration is possible if, as provided in accordance with a further development of the invention, two receivers arranged next to one another in the transmission range of the transmitter are used, in particular if these two receivers are switched in opposite directions to one another.
  • the measure of the two receivers arranged next to one another and preferably working in opposite directions means not only an improvement in the accuracy in the case of receivers moving relative to one another on the one hand and transmitters on the other hand, but also when using a moving body between the receivers and the transmitter.
  • the moving body With such a device, it is no longer necessary for the moving body to be immersed in the radiation area as an interrupter and to cover it more or less as a percentage due to its position and .length or width, but it may also be possible to do more when using two receivers needle-shaped moving bodies are used which run parallel to the parting plane between the two receivers.
  • the smallest movements of such a needle shape can be registered, namely depending on whether the larger part of this needle is in the reception range of one receiver or the other receiver.
  • very fine movements can be registered through the parting plane of the two adjacent receivers.
  • the device comprises a reference receiving unit for regulating and controlling a standard transmission power of the transmitter.
  • the transmission power of the transmitter is always controlled and kept stable, in order to be able to assume a constant transmission power, particularly in the case of successive comparative measurements.
  • component characteristics are also advantageously negligible with regard to their possibility of error sources. Soiling or other changes to the transmitter or receiver can also be compensated for.
  • a reference receiver is not absolutely necessary to control the transmitter. If a transmitter faces two receivers, the difference in the output signals of the receivers could be used to register changes in position, while the sum of the output signals can serve to control the transmitter and as a kind of reference signal.
  • the transmitter can be a light-emitting photodiode and the receiver can be a photocell.
  • the interrupter and the light barrier can have brackets which are separate from one another and can thus be arranged on the object separately from the outset, so that a relative movement between the shape of the object is immediate the light barrier and the interrupter enters.
  • the interrupter and the light barrier can also be preassembled on a common carrier, which in turn can be arranged on the object.
  • the carrier itself is subject to the same forces as the object itself, so that sufficient relative movements between the light barrier and the interrupter can occur even with such an arrangement. The occurring relative movements on the object itself are hardly falsified by the wearer if the wearer is flexible.
  • the carrier may well be considered to form the carrier, for example, from an elastic material, for example as a rubber mat or the like, but it can also be provided that the carrier has at least at least one weakening range between the point of application of the interrupter and the point of application of the light barrier in terms of its flexural rigidity and / or its tensile strength is weakened, the interrupter protruding beyond this weakened area.
  • the carrier element could be made thinner in the weakened area, for example by A material recess is provided in the weakened area.
  • the carrier can also be designed to be resilient, for example in the weakened area, for example by is folded in the broadest sense, with, for example, an additional thinner material taking a meandering or accordion-like course.
  • the monitoring device in addition to the sensor device, the monitoring device according to the invention must include evaluation electronics and the like, by means of which the light fluctuations which result from the movement of the interrupter can be detected and evaluated. In principle, however, this is conventional - 9 -
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the sensor device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the output signal of the light barrier of the sensor device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 over time for monitoring time-limited forces
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention with a sensor device with a more needle-shaped moving body in plan view
  • FIG. 5 shows the device according to FIG. 4 in a side view
  • Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of a device according to the invention with mutually relatively movable receiver and transmitter units.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention of a monitoring device according to the invention.
  • the sensor device comprises a light barrier with a light transmitter 1 and a light receiver 2, of which only the light transmitter 1 is shown in FIG. 1 and the light receiver 2 is omitted for better insight.
  • the sensor device comprises a strip-shaped interrupter 3 which, with its free end, which is formed obliquely in the exemplary embodiment shown, plunges into the light path between the light transmitter 1 and the light receiver 2 and partially, namely approximately half, interrupts this light path .
  • the light barrier consisting of light transmitter 1 and light receiver 2 on the one hand, and the interrupter 3 on the other hand are mounted with different points of attack on a carrier 4 at a distance from one another which is bridged by the interrupter 3.
  • the carrier 4 has a weakened region 5 in which the carrier is designed to be resilient.
  • the material of the carrier 4 is made thinner in this area and folded in the broadest sense by taking a meandering or accordion-like course in the side view.
  • the carrier 4 can in turn be arranged with the aid of fastening screws 6 on a surface of an object to be monitored. If forces act on this object, they also lead to changes in shape of the carrier 4, in particular through the weakened region 5 of the carrier 4, in that the carrier 4 stretches, compresses or bends. This results in relative movements between the interrupter 3 and the light barrier 1, 2, so that the light enters the Light receiver 2 changes (continuously).
  • the carrier 4 could also simply have a material cut-out, so that, as indicated by dashed lines 7, it is only thinner in this area.
  • the carrier 4 shown can be made of metal, for example.
  • An even greater relative mobility between the interrupter 3 and the light barrier 1, 2 can be achieved in that the carrier 4 is completely severed, for example in the area of the dash-dotted line 8, so that brackets for the interrupter 3 and the light barrier 1 to be arranged separately are 2 arise.
  • the carrier 4 from an elastic material, for example as a rubber strip or the like.
  • the function I shown in FIG. 3 could be integrated for both forces in a period between a time t1 and a t2 and the area integral obtained in this way is compared quantitatively with the two forces.
  • the fixing of the times t1 and t2 is arbitrary and only has to be equated for both forces to be compared. It is advisable, however, to set the times in such a way that either the maximum of the force or, as shown in FIG. 3, the increase before the maximum is recorded, because such time ranges are particularly meaningful and in comparison the highest percentage Ensure accuracy.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the carrier 4 has a U shape on. On the legs of this U-shape, a light transmitter 1 and two light receivers 2 arranged opposite and next to one another are arranged on the inside. The light receivers 2 work in opposite directions to each other. Between the light transmitter 1 and the light receivers 2 there is a movement body 3, which in this exemplary embodiment is more needle-shaped and is oriented transversely to the legs of the carrier 4, that is to say parallel to the parting plane between the two light receivers 2. The movement of the movement body would preferably be parallel to the legs of the carrier 4, that is to say transversely to the longitudinal extent of the movement body 3 and transversely to the parting plane between the light receivers 2.
  • This movement or change in position of the body 3 would make it more of the reception area of the one receiver 2 and slightly more cover the other light receiver 2.
  • This change can be registered very precisely on account of the light receivers 2 working in opposite directions, and also in their chronological sequence, not only with regard to the movement path.
  • the device according to FIG. 4 has a reference receiver 9, which checks the transmission power of the light transmitter 1 as continuously as possible and regulates it to a standard value by means of control electronics.
  • FIG. 5 shows the device according to FIG. 4 in a side view.
  • the sensor device consisting of a light transmitter 1 and two light receivers 2 working in opposite directions to one another, is in principle constructed in exactly the same way as the device according to FIG. 4. This device also has a reference receiver 9.
  • this device does not require an interrupter or moving body 3.
  • the light transmitter 1 and the light receiver 2 are rather mounted on two separate supports or holders 4, so that the light transmitter 1 and the light receiver 2 move relative to one another can, whereby the overlap of the transmission range of the light transmitter 1 with the respective 5 reception area of each light receiver 2 changes with the movement.
  • the carriers 4 can be connected to objects or objects 10, the relative movement of which is actually to be registered.
  • the indicated objects 10 can, however, also only be regions of a single object 10, which, for example, carry out relative movements to one another by compressing the object or the like.
  • the reference receiver 9 is gem. 4 5 and 6 are suitable to compensate for any errors that may occur, for example also errors that could occur, for example, due to temperature fluctuations, aging processes or other faults.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif qui permet d'enregistrer des changements de position ou des mouvements sur des distances inférieures à quelques millimètres, de préférence sur des distances de fractions d'un millimètre, et plus particulièrement un dispositif permettant de surveiller au moins une force exercée sur un objet et entraînant un mouvement relatif. L'invention vise à mettre au point un dispositif de ce type, qui soit relativement économique, très précis, facile à mettre en place, à entretenir et étalonner, et qui puisse éventuellement également détecter des forces ou des mouvements dans différentes composantes directionnelles. A cet effet on utilise un dispositif qui se caractérise par un dispositif de détection qui comprend un émetteur de rayonnement électromagnétique et un récepteur pour ledit rayonnement. L'émetteur et le récepteur sont disposés à distance l'un de l'autre.
PCT/DE1995/000862 1994-07-09 1995-07-06 Dispositif permettant d'enregistrer des changements de position ou des mouvements sur de courtes distances WO1996001976A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU29202/95A AU2920295A (en) 1994-07-09 1995-07-06 Device for recording changes in position or movements over short distances

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4424234.4 1994-07-09
DE4424234 1994-07-09
DE19508396.2 1995-03-09
DE19508396A DE19508396C2 (de) 1994-03-14 1995-03-09 Verfahren zur Überwachung einer auf ein Werkzeug einer Werkzeugmaschine einwirkenden Reaktionskraft

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996001976A1 true WO1996001976A1 (fr) 1996-01-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1995/000862 WO1996001976A1 (fr) 1994-07-09 1995-07-06 Dispositif permettant d'enregistrer des changements de position ou des mouvements sur de courtes distances

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2920295A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996001976A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2392894A3 (fr) * 2009-01-23 2012-10-24 Acro Associates Plateforme de contrôle de fluides, systèmes de contrôle de fluides, composants intelligents de contrôle de fluides et capteurs d'ouverture optiques

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4109147A (en) * 1976-05-10 1978-08-22 Dresser Industries, Inc. Optical position sensor
US4263810A (en) * 1978-03-08 1981-04-28 Chiu Hong Yee Angular deflection sensing apparatus for load, force, and other types of measurements
EP0079988A1 (fr) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-01 Dennis William Burt Instrument de mesure à fibres optiques
WO1985000056A1 (fr) * 1983-06-16 1985-01-03 Jordan Instruments (Derby) Limited. Appareil detecteur de deformations structurales
GB2184830A (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-01 Smiths Industries Plc Optical displacement transducer
FR2599138A1 (fr) * 1986-05-20 1987-11-27 Sealol Dispositif de mesure de deplacement, de deformation et/ou d'effort de deformation d'une piece mecanique
US4771640A (en) * 1987-08-28 1988-09-20 Shinpo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Load introducing device
EP0519281A1 (fr) * 1991-06-17 1992-12-23 B.T.S.R. International S.p.A. Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un fil ameré à une machine textile en détectant son mouvement devant un capteur optique
WO1994008208A2 (fr) * 1992-10-02 1994-04-14 Chin Philip K Capteur de deplacement optique
US5365059A (en) * 1993-08-06 1994-11-15 Bilanx Technology, Inc. Parallel beam force measurement apparatus having an optical light sensor means

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4109147A (en) * 1976-05-10 1978-08-22 Dresser Industries, Inc. Optical position sensor
US4263810A (en) * 1978-03-08 1981-04-28 Chiu Hong Yee Angular deflection sensing apparatus for load, force, and other types of measurements
EP0079988A1 (fr) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-01 Dennis William Burt Instrument de mesure à fibres optiques
WO1985000056A1 (fr) * 1983-06-16 1985-01-03 Jordan Instruments (Derby) Limited. Appareil detecteur de deformations structurales
GB2184830A (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-07-01 Smiths Industries Plc Optical displacement transducer
FR2599138A1 (fr) * 1986-05-20 1987-11-27 Sealol Dispositif de mesure de deplacement, de deformation et/ou d'effort de deformation d'une piece mecanique
US4771640A (en) * 1987-08-28 1988-09-20 Shinpo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Load introducing device
EP0519281A1 (fr) * 1991-06-17 1992-12-23 B.T.S.R. International S.p.A. Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer l'état d'un fil ameré à une machine textile en détectant son mouvement devant un capteur optique
WO1994008208A2 (fr) * 1992-10-02 1994-04-14 Chin Philip K Capteur de deplacement optique
US5365059A (en) * 1993-08-06 1994-11-15 Bilanx Technology, Inc. Parallel beam force measurement apparatus having an optical light sensor means

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2392894A3 (fr) * 2009-01-23 2012-10-24 Acro Associates Plateforme de contrôle de fluides, systèmes de contrôle de fluides, composants intelligents de contrôle de fluides et capteurs d'ouverture optiques

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Publication number Publication date
AU2920295A (en) 1996-02-09

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