WO1995029526A1 - Systeme de communication entre dispositifs pour connexions de courant electrique - Google Patents

Systeme de communication entre dispositifs pour connexions de courant electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995029526A1
WO1995029526A1 PCT/US1995/001242 US9501242W WO9529526A1 WO 1995029526 A1 WO1995029526 A1 WO 1995029526A1 US 9501242 W US9501242 W US 9501242W WO 9529526 A1 WO9529526 A1 WO 9529526A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impedance
inter
communication system
device communication
power controller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/001242
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William J. Rose
William C. Boteler
Original Assignee
Hubbell Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hubbell Incorporated filed Critical Hubbell Incorporated
Publication of WO1995029526A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995029526A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to underload or no-load

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to inter-device communication systems and, more particularly, concerns a system for communicating information or commands between a charging device and a load device in a power system.
  • ground fault protection involves differential sensing of a current flow in the power lead and the return lead in the cable and disconnecting the power to the cable when the difference (an imbalance) exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • Ground fault protection is effective to avoid electric shock when a person who is grounded accidently touches the power lead or the return lead. Resulting current flowing through the person will flow through one of these leads, but not the other, thereby causing tripping of the protection system, and protecting the individual against electro ⁇ cution by turning off the power to the cable.
  • One form of personnel protection is particularly desirable. That is, to assure that no power is connected to the cable, unless the cable is connected to a utilization or load device.
  • Various forms of mechanical interlocks have been utilized to make power at the remote end of the cable inaccessible, unless the cable is connect ⁇ ed to a utilization device.
  • such interlocks suffer from relatively low reliability, in that any mechanical failure of the interlock is likely to result in electric shock to an individual.
  • the mechanical interlocks and their modes of operation are entirely visible and apparent to a user. Accordingly, mechanical interlocks are particularly vulnerable to being defeated by persons who simply do not want to be inconvenienced by the interlocks. This is often another source of personnel injury.
  • an object of the present invention to avoid the shortcom ⁇ ings of prior personnel protection systems for electrical connections. It is specifically an object of the present invention to provide an inter-device communication system in which power at the outlet of the cable is disconnected, unless the cable is connected to a utilization device. It is another object of the present invention to provide an inter-device communication system for power connections which disconnects power in the cable when the cable is not connected to a utilization device and which does not depend on mechanical interlocks.
  • an inter-device communication system for communication in an electrical charging system between a charging device and a utilization device.
  • the system includes a power controller which determines the impedance between predetermined points within the system. The impedance between the predetermined points is controlled primarily by the utilization device and may also be controlled by the charging device.
  • the power controller When the power controller senses an impedance between the predetermined points to be outside a predefined operating impedance range, this is indicative of a fault condition and the power controller causes the power source to become disconnected from the utilization device. Further, when the power controller senses an impedance between the predetermined points in the system to be within a predefined sub-range within the operating imped ⁇ ance range, predefined states or predefined commands are communicated, and the power controller utilizes the state information or performs a function associated with the command. The variation in impedance between predetermined points within the system, therefore, is used to communicate information to the system and the power controller.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of an inter-device communication system which demonstrates objects and features of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the operating impedance band within which the impedance varying circuitry communicates to the power controller that the power source should operate normally.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an operating impedance band comprised of a series of discrete bands. Within each discrete band, a second embodiment of the impedance varying circuitry communicates a different command or state to the power controller.
  • Figure 4 illustrates one form of a software-controlled variable impedance which may be used within the inter-device communication system.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram illustrating the principles of the present invention in an inter-device communication system for an electrical power connection.
  • the connection is intended to connect a charging device 10 having a power source 15 and a power controller 18 to a utilization device 30, such as an electric vehicle to be charged.
  • Device 30 has a load 35 and impedance altering circuitry 37.
  • power source 15 is connected to load 35 via conductors L, N, and G through power connector 20.
  • Ground terminal G is connected to ground at the location of the power source.
  • impedance altering circuitry 37 communicates with power controller 18 via conductors 41 and 42 through power connector 20.
  • the impedance altering circuitry 33 as shown is comprised of a series circuit consistind a motion detector switch 31, a thermal fuse 34, a signal controlled variable impedance 32 (described fully in connection with Fig. 4), and a nonvariable 15 K ⁇ impedance 33 in series.
  • This circuitry is merely illustrative.
  • the impedance altering circuitry 37 may be comprised of any number of condition respon- sive impedances.
  • the charging device 10 may itself have circuitry to vary the impedance on conductors 41 and 42 such as a motion detector switch 11 to detect whether the charging device is moved.
  • power controller 18 In normal operation, motion detector switches 11 and 31 are closed and signal controlled impedance 32 is at a predetermined value.
  • the power controller 18 measures the impedance between points 12 and 13 and determines that the impedance is at the normal operational level for the utilization device. It is understood that power controller 18 includes known circuitry or a microprocessor capable of responding to changes in detected impedance levels.
  • motion detector switch 31 detects movement of the utilization device, motion detector switch 31 opens.
  • the power controller 18 now detects an open circuit, therefore power controller 18 shuts down power source 15. Additionally, when thermal fuse 34 is blown, power controller 18 detects an open circuit and shuts down power source 15.
  • the power control ⁇ ler 18 senses an impedance in the operating band 50 between 14250 ⁇ and 15750 ⁇ (15K +/- 5 %), assuming the signal controlled variable impedance is initially set at 0 ⁇ .
  • a motion detector switch (11 or 31) opens, or the thermal fuse 34 is blown, or if the utilization device 30 is not connected to the charging device 20, the power controller 18 senses an open circuit, which is outside the operating band, and it will disconnect the power source. Additionally, if a device is connected to the power controller 18, and the device has an impedance outside the operating band, or the connection between points 12 and 13 is short circuited, power controller 18 senses an impedance level outside the operating band and disconnects the power source. Thus, personnel are protected, without the aid of mechanical interlocks, from accidental shock caused by an accidental disconnection or short circuiting of the connections. Commands or status information can also be passed from utilization device 30 to the charging device 20.
  • Signal controlled variable impedance 32 is used to adjust the impedance on conductors 41 and 46 to a discrete level within the operat ⁇ ing band, sending a command or status information to the power controller 18.
  • a variation in the signal controlled variable impedance 32 varies the total impedance between points 12 and 13 which is sensed by the power controller 18.
  • the signal controlled variable impedance 32 is adjusted such that the total impedance between points 12 and 13 is within one of the predefined discrete bands in the operating bands, a piece of information is passed from the utilization device 30 to the power controller 18.
  • the operating range is between 14250 ⁇ and 15750 ⁇ , with each 300 ⁇ increment in impedance as measured between points 12 and 13 conveying a different piece of information such as: a command to stop charging; a command to change the voltage being delivered to the utilization device 10; utilization device charging status; or a request to turn on an alarm.
  • the inter-device communication system permits the adaptive variation of the amount of power being supplied to the utilization device 10 from the charging device 30.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates one embodiment of a signal controlled variable impedance which can be used in the inter-device communication system.
  • Digital to analog (D/A) converter Ul receives a digital code from a microprocessor (not shown) via conductors D0-D7.
  • the microprocessor also controls the timing of varying the impedance level.
  • D/A converter Ul converts the digital code to an analog signal which it outputs via conductor A. The output analog signal is used to control transis ⁇ tor Ql.
  • resistor R2 When the signal along conductor A causes transistor Ql to become saturated, resistor R2 is short-circuited, thus the impedance between Cl and C2 is equal to resistor Rl.
  • the impedance between Cl and C2 is the series combination of resistors Rl and R2.
  • the impedance between Cl and C2 is resistor Rl in series with the parallel combination of R2 and the collector- emitter impedance of the transistor Ql.
  • the impedance of Ql varies between an open circuit and a short circuit.
  • the impedance of transistor Ql may be adjusted to 256 different impedances between a short circuit and an open circuit.

Landscapes

  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Système de communication entre dispositifs permettant la communication, dans un système de charge électrique, entre un dispositif de charge (10) et un dispositif d'utilisation (30). Ledit système comporte un régulateur (18) de puissance qui détermine l'impédance entre des points prédéterminés au sein du système. L'impédance entre les points prédéterminés est régulée en premier lieu par le dispositif d'utilisation (30) et peut également être régulée par le dispositif de charge (10). Lorsque le régulateur (18) de puissance détecte entre les points prédéterminés une impédance se trouvant hors d'une fourchette d'impédance de fonctionnement prédéfinie, cela indique un défaut et le régulateur (18) de puissance provoque la déconnexion entre la source de puissance (15) et le dispositif d'utilisation (30). En outre, quand le régulateur (18) de puissance détecte entre des points prédéterminés dans le système une impédance se trouvant dans une sous-fourchette prédéfinie au sein de la fourchette d'impédance de fonctionnement, des états prédéfinis ou des commandes prédéfinies sont communiqués et le régulateur (18) de puissance utilise les informations d'états ou exécute une fonction associée à la commande. La variation de l'impédance entre des points prédéterminés dans le système est donc utilisée pour communiquer des informations au système et au régulateur (18) de puissance.
PCT/US1995/001242 1994-04-22 1995-01-30 Systeme de communication entre dispositifs pour connexions de courant electrique WO1995029526A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23115494A 1994-04-22 1994-04-22
US231,154 1994-04-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995029526A1 true WO1995029526A1 (fr) 1995-11-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1995/001242 WO1995029526A1 (fr) 1994-04-22 1995-01-30 Systeme de communication entre dispositifs pour connexions de courant electrique

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO1995029526A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2465306B (en) * 2005-04-15 2010-09-22 P G Drives Technology Ltd Electronic control system
WO2012028176A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et agencement pour l'alimentation en tension d'un moyen de contact électrique
US11183800B2 (en) 2018-08-29 2021-11-23 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Pin and sleeve device with indication
US11682889B2 (en) 2019-01-07 2023-06-20 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electrical device with built-in sensors and/or communications

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4364007A (en) * 1980-04-22 1982-12-14 General Electric Company Unintentional impedance detection system
US5309310A (en) * 1992-01-21 1994-05-03 Felchar Manufacturing Corporation Combined ground fault interrupter circuit and remote control on/off device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4364007A (en) * 1980-04-22 1982-12-14 General Electric Company Unintentional impedance detection system
US5309310A (en) * 1992-01-21 1994-05-03 Felchar Manufacturing Corporation Combined ground fault interrupter circuit and remote control on/off device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2465306B (en) * 2005-04-15 2010-09-22 P G Drives Technology Ltd Electronic control system
US8362872B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2013-01-29 P G Drives Technology Limited Electronic control system
WO2012028176A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et agencement pour l'alimentation en tension d'un moyen de contact électrique
US11183800B2 (en) 2018-08-29 2021-11-23 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Pin and sleeve device with indication
US11682889B2 (en) 2019-01-07 2023-06-20 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electrical device with built-in sensors and/or communications

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