WO1995029399A1 - Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires - Google Patents

Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995029399A1
WO1995029399A1 PCT/US1994/004492 US9404492W WO9529399A1 WO 1995029399 A1 WO1995029399 A1 WO 1995029399A1 US 9404492 W US9404492 W US 9404492W WO 9529399 A1 WO9529399 A1 WO 9529399A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
light beam
set forth
particulate
moving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/004492
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Santschi
Brian Van Vickle
Ted Reinsch
Original Assignee
Bha Group, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bha Group, Inc. filed Critical Bha Group, Inc.
Priority to US08/464,827 priority Critical patent/US5760911A/en
Priority to PCT/US1994/004492 priority patent/WO1995029399A1/fr
Priority to EP94916559A priority patent/EP0756706A4/fr
Priority to CA002188414A priority patent/CA2188414C/fr
Publication of WO1995029399A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995029399A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
    • G01N21/534—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke by measuring transmission alone, i.e. determining opacity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G01N15/0211—Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
    • G01N2015/0222—Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern from dynamic light scattering, e.g. photon correlation spectroscopy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a device for monitoring particulates passing through a duct, such as for instance, passing through a duct in a baghouse discharge or from an industrial stack.
  • the present invention relates to a device for monitoring the frequency at which a light shown across an emissions duct is interrupted. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a method, system, and device for correlating a selected percentage opacity with its associated reading in concentration units in connection with such an emissions monitor.
  • Emissions monitoring has become increasingly important in response to strict environmental regulations and increased public awareness of environmentally-safe industrial processes.
  • Numerous types of devices have been developed for monitoring particulate emissions in industrial applications. In general, these devices monitor the particulate flowing through a duct or stack, and particularly, monitor the amount of particulate being emitted. In this regard, the greater the concentration or percentage of particulate relative to the emissions as a whole, the greater the quantity of pollutants entering the atmosphere. If an industrial process emits pollutants into the air in excess of a maximum permissible amount as set by the Environmental Regulators, great expense associated with fines and perhaps shut-down can be incurred. Accordingly, monitoring particulate emissions is extremely important for maintaining a clean environment and transacting business in accordance with the law.
  • opacity devices shine light from a transmitter located on one side of a stack or duct to be monitored to a receiver located on the opposite side of the duct in optical alignment with the transmitter. As dust travels through the stack or duct, the dust both scatters and absorbs some of the light provided by the opacity device. By comparing the brightness or intensity of the light shining across the stack or duct when no emissions are occurring with the dimmer brightness or intensity of light associated with dust traveling through the stack, a percentage opacity measurement can be obtained. Percentage opacity is a commonly used unit for measuring emissions.
  • Another type of emissions monitoring device utilizes an earth-grounded probe inserted into a stream of particles to be monitored. As each particle impinges onto the probe, a transfer of electrical charge occurs which results in an electrical current at the probe. Monitoring the current results in a relative emissions measurement.
  • opacity systems which are based upon the amount of light energy detected through passing dust, quickly become inaccurate as lenses used by the device become caked with dust.
  • the opacity device is unable to distinguish between moving dust being emitted from the stack or duct and stationary dust which continues to settle on the sensors. Accordingly, the reading in such an environment is inaccurate.
  • an opacity device having dust accumulated on the sensors will show an emissions reading even when no emissions are occurring. Accordingly, the sensors of an opacity device require constant cleaning.
  • impaction or triboelectric devices which have a probe positioned within the dust stream, quickly become dirty and must be repeatedly cleaned. Periodic cleaning of the foregoing devices, in addition to requiring repeated extensive time and effort, increase the cost of using such devices.
  • a more recent device for monitoring particulate flowing through a duct or stack uses a DC light beam shining across the duct or stack to be monitored.
  • these continuous particulate monitoring devices monitor interruptions in the light beam caused by particulates passing through the light beam.
  • the light beam is temporarily broken. Accordingly, as particulate flows through the duct or stack, it passes through the light beam causing the light beam to flicker or modulate.
  • a receiver for receiving the light beam monitors this flicker or modulation and a signal is generated for use in computing the frequency of interruptions of the light beam.
  • the concentration of particulate is proportional to the frequency of modulation.
  • continuous particulate monitors of this type are not concerned with the intensity of the light, but rather the interruption of the light beam, particulate accumulated on the light transmitter or receiver of the monitor does not reduce the effectiveness or accuracy of the monitor. Furthermore, it is known to increase the intensity of the light beam proportional to the amount of stationary particulate accumulated at the transmitter and receiver to insure consistent and accurate particulate monitoring. Accordingly, a continuous particulate monitor of this type for monitoring an interrupted light beam requires cleaning far less frequently than other conventional emissions monitoring devices. Moreover, as stated, unlike an opacity system, such a monitor remains accurate despite particulates settling on the light sensors. In fact, it has been found that such a monitor remains effective even when over 90% of the transmitted light is blocked with particulates, such as dust.
  • a continuous particulate monitor of a light beam interference type, having a calibrator assembly for correlating a known percentage opacity with its associated reading in concentration units.
  • the monitor has a transmitter and a receiver positioned in optical alignment on opposite sides of a duct or stack to be monitored.
  • the transmitter transmits a beam of light across the duct or stack where it is received by the receiver.
  • the light beam is interrupted.
  • the transmitter and receiver are connected to processing hardware.
  • a signal indicative of the frequency at which the light beam is interrupted by particulates is generated and sent to the processing hardware.
  • the processing hardware includes a display for visually displaying data indicative of the frequency at which the light beam is interrupted.
  • the modulation of the light signal in the stack or duct caused by passing particulates provides a basis for determining the concentration of particulates flowing through the stack or duct.
  • the hardware comprises a central processing unit for calculating the concentration of particulates based upon knowledge of the type of particulates flowing through the system and the dimensions of the stack or duct.
  • a calibrator assembly is positioned between either the transmitter or the receiver and the stack or duct to be monitored.
  • the calibrator assembly of the present invention is a device for calibrating the particulate monitor for readings in percentage opacity.
  • the particulate monitor displays data indicative of the concentration of particulates flowing through the stack or duct being monitored. Since it is desirable to know the percentage opacity reading associated with particulate flowing through the stack or duct, and particularly, since it is desirable to know when the emissions reach the permitted percentage opacity limit, the present invention provides means for calibrating the particulate monitor so that the particulate concentration reading associated with a selected percentage opacity (e.g., the upper permitted opacity limit) can be determined.
  • a selected percentage opacity e.g., the upper permitted opacity limit
  • the calibrator assembly has a calibrator body with a channel-aperture therethrough.
  • the aperture is placed in alignment with the light beam transmitted from the transmitter and to the receiver so that light is transmitted through the aperture of the calibrator body.
  • a channel extends from the upper, outer exterior of the calibrator body to the central aperture of the calibrator body.
  • the channel is adapted to receive a filter.
  • the filter is connected to a filter holder assembly, which is in turn connected to a motor. When assembled, the filter is positioned within the channel in alignment with the calibrator aperture such that any light passing through the aperture must also pass through the filter.
  • the motor is activated, the filter moves substantially upwardly and downwardly in a portion of the space defined by the channel in the calibrator, although the filter itself remains in complete coverage of the central aperture of the calibrator.
  • a filter having a known opacity is placed into the channel in alignment with the central aperture of the calibrator body.
  • the monitor is reset to zero, and the calibrator motor is turned on.
  • the filter is placed in motion.
  • the receiver perceives the filter as particulates flowing through the dust or stack.
  • a reading in accordance with the amount of particulate detected is thereby obtained. Since the percentage opacity of the filter is known, the concentration reading obtained is equivalent to that known, selected percentage opacity. As a result, the operator now has knowledge of the concentration reading corresponding to the percentage opacity of the filter selected.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a continuous particulate monitor with calibration assembly, with the present invention positioned on a stack or duct for monitoring particulate flowing therethrough;
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a portion of the particulate monitor of the present invention, and particularly, of a motor platform of the calibrator assembly of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of Fig 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the calibrator assembly of the present invention for illustrating movement of the filter.
  • a continuous particulate monitor of the present invention is denoted generally by reference numeral 10.
  • Monitor 10 has connected thereto by wires 12, 14, a transmitter 16 and a receiver 18, respectively.
  • transmitter 16 and receiver 18 are placed in optical alignment with each other on opposite sides of a stack or duct 20.
  • stack or duct 20 comprises a conduit for transmitting particulates resulting from industrial processes.
  • stack 20 may be an industrial smoke stack for passing emissions into the atmosphere.
  • duct 20 may comprise a duct in an industrial process, such as a baghouse discharge duct.
  • the conduit may take on shapes other than the cylindrical shape shown.
  • Particulates 22 are shown flowing through the duct 20.
  • duct 20 has a pair of pipes 24, 26 extending outwardly therefrom. Each pipe has a respective flange 28, 30 positioned at its outermost end.
  • Prior particulate monitors of a type for sensing light beam interference such as those marketed under product line CPM by BHA Group, Inc., Kansas City, Missouri, provide for coupling a transmitter 16 and receiver 18 directly to respective flanges 28, 30.
  • continuous particulate monitor 10 of the present invention which preferably utilizes such a CPM device by BHA Group, Inc., is shown with a flange 34 of receiver 18 coupled by bolts 32 to flange 30 of pipe 26.
  • transmitter 16 has a flange 36 adjacent a calibrator body 38 of a calibrator assembly 40 of the present invention.
  • calibrator body 38 and flange 28 Preferably positioned between calibrator body 38 and flange 28 are one or more high-temperature insulators, such as the pair of temperature insulators 42.
  • calibrator assembly 40 is comprised of a calibrator body 38 and a weather cap 44 which is bolted by bolts 46 to calibrator body 38.
  • Sensor 16, calibrator body 38, and insulators 42 are connected with flange 28 by bolts 48.
  • insulators 42 are optional, and that additional insulators could be provided between the flange 30 of pipe 26 and the flange 36 of receiver 18.
  • calibrator assembly 40 may be positioned at the transmitter 16 as shown in Fig. 1, or alternatively, may be positioned at the receiver 18. Principles of operation of calibrator assembly 40 are not dependent upon its location.
  • monitor 10 In accordance with the general operation of continuous particulate monitor 10, light beam 50 is transmitted across duct 20 from transmitter 16 to receiver 18. As particulates 50, traveling through duct 20, interrupt light beam 50, receiver 18 detects the interruption of the light beam, and generates a signal indicative of the frequency of interruption of light beam 50. The signal is sent to monitor 10. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that monitor 10, such as those manufactured under the CPM product line by BHA Group, Inc., provide means for then displaying on display 54 data indicative of the frequency of light beam interruption. From this data, the concentration of particulates flowing through the duct 20 can be determined. Alternatively, monitor 10 preferably comprises a central processing unit for calculating particulate concentration utilizing the data received from receiver 18.
  • monitor 10 upon installation and start-up of monitor 10, an actual sample of the particulates flowing through duct 20 is taken and analyzed for making various determinations, such as the concentration of particulates flowing through the duct 20, and the type of particulates flowing through duct 20.
  • the actual particulate concentration thereby obtained is compared with the data provided by the monitor 10, and monitor 10 is adjusted if necessary to the actual value of the concentration obtained from the sample.
  • monitor 10 is thereby accurately calibrated for measuring the concentration of particulate flowing through duct 20.
  • calibrator assembly 40 specifies the generally preferred components for a particulate monitor of the type for detecting light beam interference. With reference now to Figs. 2-5, additional components and operation of calibrator assembly 40 is discussed.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged top-plan view of the calibrator assembly 40 of the present invention, with weather plate 44 (Fig. 1) removed, and motor platform and assembly 58 mounted by bolts 46 in its place.
  • motor platform and assembly 58 comprises a platform 60 having a slot 62 formed therein. Slot 62 provides access to channel 63 formed in calibrator body 38.
  • a motor 64 is mounted to a bracket 66 by bolts 68. Bracket 66 is connected to platform 60 by bolts 70.
  • a battery pack 72 and an on-off switch 74 are connected by wires 76 to motor 64.
  • a low-voltage indicator light 78 is connected by wires 80 to battery pack 72 for indicating when the voltage supplied by battery pack 72 falls below a preselected level.
  • Motor 64 preferably provides a rotating output at a preselected RPM rating.
  • Rod member 82 extends outwardly from motor 64, through an aperture (not shown) in brackets 66. Upon activation of motor 64, rod member 82 rotates.
  • Eccentric 84 is connected to rod member 82 by a pin connection 86.
  • Eccentric 84 has an outwardly extending pin member 88 which is threaded through an aperture (not shown) in an upper portion of arm 90 of filter holder assembly 92.
  • a cap 94 is positioned on the outermost end of pin member 88 for maintaining filter holder assembly 92 in place.
  • Arm 90 of filter holder assembly 92 has a pair of prongs 96 at its lowermost end.
  • Prongs 96 grip filter holder 98 having a filter 100 positioned therein.
  • a pin is threaded through prongs 96 and a small pin receiving aperture in an upper central portion of filter holder 98.
  • filter 100 is made from glass or plastic.
  • Filter 100 has an outer rim 106.
  • Filter holder 98 has a plurality of locking tabs 108 for engaging the outer rim 106 of filter 100 for holding filter 100 in place. In this regard, it will be appreciated that filter 100 merely snap fits into filter holder 98.
  • filter holder 98 fits substantially snug within the grooves of channel 63 of calibrator body 38, and is guided by guide rails 110 during operation of the device.
  • filter holder 98 is preferably provided with a pair of balancing apertures 112. Balancing apertures 112 reduce the weight of filter holder 98 in a balanced fashion.
  • filter holder 98 is preferably more narrow at its uppermost end to provide a gripping area 114 for prongs 96 of arm 93.
  • monitor 10 monitors particulates flowing through stack or duct 20. This operation is described in detail above, and it should be understood that a light beam transmitted across stack or ducts 20 from transmitter 16 to receiver 18 is interrupted by passing particulate. Receiver 18 generates a signal indicative of the frequency of modulation of the light beam caused by the passing particulates, and monitor 10 provides data indicative of the concentration of particulate passing through duct or stack 20. In this regard, the concentration reading is in any preferred units, such as for instance, grams per cubic meter. Operation of the present invention for calibrating monitor 10 for a percentage opacity reading is now described.
  • weather cap 44 is removed from calibrator body 38 by removing bolts 46.
  • motor platform and assembly 58 complete with filter holder assembly 92, is bolted into place by bolts 46.
  • Motor platform and assembly 58 is positioned such that slot 62 in motor platform 60 aligns with channel 63 extending into calibrator body 38.
  • Filter holder assembly 92 is positioned such that arm 90 extends from its connecting point on pin 88 of eccentric 84 through slot 62 of platform 60 and into channel 63 of calibrator body 38.
  • the components of the present invention are dimensioned such that filter 100 is positioned in alignment, and extends about the periphery of, aperture 65 in calibrator body 38.
  • Motor 64 is activated by turning on-off switch 74 to the on position. When activated, motor 64 provides a rotating output, at a rated revolutions per minute, at rod member 82. As a result, eccentric 84 rotates. As a result, arm 90, which is connected to pin member 88 positioned near a peripheral edge of eccentric 84, travels about the periphery along with its pin connection point 88. This causes the arm 90 to ⁇ -troke generally upwardly and downwardly, thereby causinc the entire filter holder assembly 92, and partici rly the filter holder 98 to move upwardly and downwardly within channel 63 of calibrator body 38. Movement of filter holder 98 is illustrated in this manner in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • arm 90 is at the lower-most portion of its stroke as pin member 88 on eccentric 84 is at its lower ⁇ most position. In such a position, filter 100 ⁇ although remaining in a position such that it entirely blocks the channel-aperture 65 of calibrator body 38, is displaced downwardly in relation to the channel aperture 65.
  • filter holder 98 has been drawn upwardly such that filter 100 is displaced upwardly in relation to channel-aperture 65 of calibrator body 38.
  • filter 100 is still positioned such that it blocks the entire channel aperture 65 of calibrator body 38.
  • filter 100 is preselected based upon its known percentage opacity rating. Although it should be appreciated that any percentage opacity filter could be selected, it is preferred to select a filter having a percentage opacity rating equivalent to the upper percentage opacity limit of permissible emissions froia the system in which the present invention is utilized.
  • a 20% opacity filter may be selected.
  • a reading at monitor 10 taken through the moving filter 100, although in concentration units, will be equivalent to the opacity rating of the selected filter.
  • the concentration reading corresponding to 20% opacity is obtained, and the future use of the device can monitor for that threshold limit. It will be appreciated that data associated with the threshold limit can be used for triggering alarms, or shut down circuitry, which may be used with monitor 10.
  • the filter 100 is positioned within the light beam 50 between the transmitter 16 and the receiver 18. Accordingly, its precise positioning within that light beam 50 is not critical. Additionally, although it is necessary for the filter to remain in motion at a rate >1.5 m/sec for proper calibration, it will be appreciated that numerous possible devices, including various types of motor assemblies, can be provided for moving filter 100 and maintaining filter 100 in motion.
  • filter 100 As discussed above, it is necessary for filter 100 to remain in motion for proper calibration since, if filter 100 were maintained static, receiver 18 would perceive the filter as accumulated dust on the transmitter or receiver. Accordingly, monitor 10 would respond by merely increasing the power to transmitter 16 for increasing the brightness of light beam 50. Since monitor 10 senses only moving particulates, it is necessary for filter 100 to be in motion for monitor 10 to sense that which is blocking the light beam. In this regard, it should be understood that filter 100, which is obviously tinted to a selected percentage opacity, is viewed by the receiver as a multitude of very fine particulates moving through duct or stack 20. In accordance with the principles of the present invention, it has been found that it is necessary for filter 100, during the calibration procedure, to move in excess of 1.5 meters per second.
  • indicator light 78 emits light to visually indicate that the battery pack 72 needs to be replaced. It will be readily understood that other types of power supplies, other than battery pack 72, may be utilized.
  • a 12-volt DC motor with a rotating output up to 1,000 RPM's, such as manufactured by Philips, of Belgium is supplied with three DC volts.
  • the visible portion of filter 100 i.e., within outer rim 106) in such an embodiment preferably has a 1.625" diameter, channel aperture 63 has a diameter of 1", and the central- most portion of channel aperture 63 is positioned 3.813 inches from an axis extending from rotating output member 82 of motor 64.
  • Eccentric 84 preferably has a diameter of 0.88", and pin member 88 is preferably displaced 0.313" from the central axis thereof. Accordingly, one full stroke of arm 90 is 0.626", or approximately 5/8 inches.
  • selected components of the present invention such as for instance, the motor, the battery pack, and the filter holder assembly may be retained in a housing.
  • monitor 10 is preferably reset to a zero reading.
  • calibrator assembly 40 is activated and the concentration reading at the display of monitor 10 is taken. It is known that this reading corresponds to the percentage opacity of the filter utilized in the calibrator assembly 40.
  • the step of resetting monitor 10 to zero can be omitted, calibrator assembly 40 can be activated, and the concentration reading associated with the selected percentage opacity filter can be calculated from the difference in readings with, and without, the calibrator assembly 40 in operation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif (10) et une technique de contrôle des matières particulaires (22) s'écoulant par un conduit (20). Ce dispositif comprend un émetteur (16) et un récepteur (18) positionnés en alignement optique sur des côtés opposés du conduit (20). Un faisceau lumineux (50) est transmis à travers le conduit (20) de l'émetteur (16) au récepteur (18). Le flux de matières particulaires (22) dans le conduit (20) coupe le faisceau lumineux (50), déclenchant un signal à partir duquel on détermine la concentration de matières particulaires. Un ensemble de calibrage (40) est doté d'un moteur (64) conçu pour déplacer un filtre (100) ayant un certain rapport d'opacité dans la trajectoire du faisceau lumineux (50). Le mouvement du filtre (100) module le faisceau lumineux (50) et un signal est généré, correspondant à la concentration associée au rapport d'opacité.
PCT/US1994/004492 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires WO1995029399A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/464,827 US5760911A (en) 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Continuous particulate emissions monitor calibrator
PCT/US1994/004492 WO1995029399A1 (fr) 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires
EP94916559A EP0756706A4 (fr) 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires
CA002188414A CA2188414C (fr) 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1994/004492 WO1995029399A1 (fr) 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995029399A1 true WO1995029399A1 (fr) 1995-11-02

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PCT/US1994/004492 WO1995029399A1 (fr) 1994-04-22 1994-04-22 Dispositif de calibrage et de controle continus des emissions de matieres particulaires

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EP (1) EP0756706A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995029399A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0867709A2 (fr) * 1997-03-27 1998-09-30 Bayer Corporation System d'etalonage pour spectromètres
KR102360225B1 (ko) * 2020-08-20 2022-02-09 주식회사 일성이엔지 초저온 탱크의 내조와 외조의 지지장치
KR20220023018A (ko) * 2020-08-20 2022-03-02 주식회사 일성이엔지 초저온탱크 연결파이프의 방열 연결장치

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US3825345A (en) * 1972-03-22 1974-07-23 Sartorius Membranfilter Gmbh Method of and apparatus for use in measuring the particle size distribution and/or the concentration of particles in suspension in a gaseous dispersing medium
US3879129A (en) * 1971-09-07 1975-04-22 Ichiro Kato President Universi Method of and apparatus for measuring size and concentration of particles
US4135821A (en) * 1977-03-22 1979-01-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Calibration of optical particle-size analyzer
US4420256A (en) * 1979-06-15 1983-12-13 Svenska Traforskningsinstitutet Dust measurement
US4583859A (en) * 1984-03-30 1986-04-22 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Filter cleaning system for opacity monitor

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EP0108605A3 (fr) * 1982-11-09 1985-01-09 University College London Appareil pour la détermination de particules et de changements dans la taille des particules présentes dans une suspension
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US5028790A (en) * 1990-05-07 1991-07-02 Lear Siegler Measurement Controls Corporation Apparatus for full-system zero check and window soiling measurement and correction for transmissometers

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US3879129A (en) * 1971-09-07 1975-04-22 Ichiro Kato President Universi Method of and apparatus for measuring size and concentration of particles
US3825345A (en) * 1972-03-22 1974-07-23 Sartorius Membranfilter Gmbh Method of and apparatus for use in measuring the particle size distribution and/or the concentration of particles in suspension in a gaseous dispersing medium
US4135821A (en) * 1977-03-22 1979-01-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Calibration of optical particle-size analyzer
US4420256A (en) * 1979-06-15 1983-12-13 Svenska Traforskningsinstitutet Dust measurement
US4583859A (en) * 1984-03-30 1986-04-22 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Filter cleaning system for opacity monitor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of EP0756706A4 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0867709A2 (fr) * 1997-03-27 1998-09-30 Bayer Corporation System d'etalonage pour spectromètres
EP0867709A3 (fr) * 1997-03-27 1999-05-12 Bayer Corporation System d'etalonage pour spectromètres
KR102360225B1 (ko) * 2020-08-20 2022-02-09 주식회사 일성이엔지 초저온 탱크의 내조와 외조의 지지장치
KR20220023018A (ko) * 2020-08-20 2022-03-02 주식회사 일성이엔지 초저온탱크 연결파이프의 방열 연결장치
KR102411313B1 (ko) * 2020-08-20 2022-06-20 주식회사 일성이엔지 초저온탱크 연결파이프의 방열 연결장치

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Publication number Publication date
EP0756706A4 (fr) 2000-07-12
EP0756706A1 (fr) 1997-02-05

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