WO1995029327A1 - Tubulure d'echappement pour dispositif d'echappement a catalyse - Google Patents
Tubulure d'echappement pour dispositif d'echappement a catalyse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995029327A1 WO1995029327A1 PCT/FR1995/000534 FR9500534W WO9529327A1 WO 1995029327 A1 WO1995029327 A1 WO 1995029327A1 FR 9500534 W FR9500534 W FR 9500534W WO 9529327 A1 WO9529327 A1 WO 9529327A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- tubes
- internal
- external
- composite tube
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
- F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust pipe for a catalyzed exhaust device for a heat engine, as well as a composite tube, in particular intended, although not exclusively, to be associated with said exhaust pipe.
- a catalyst is made up of a rigid envelope inside which is arranged a block or monolith of ceramic with cells covered with alumina and precious metals (platinum, rhodium, etc.) which act, by catalysis, in particular on carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and unburnt hydrocarbons, to annihilate their harmful constituents and transform them into non-harmful discharges.
- the catalyst is only effective when it reaches a certain temperature (several hundred degrees), that is to say when the engine has been operating for at least several minutes, so that the monolith is sufficiently heated by the gases to initiate the reactions by catalysis. Therefore, as long as the monolith does not reach a given temperature, the gases leaving the engine, although passing through the catalyst, are not treated.
- the catalyst is often far from the collector due to the design of the vehicles and safety criteria, its rise in temperature, which is effected by the gases passing through the tubing, is all the longer.
- the heat exchanges are carried out firstly through the exhaust pipe having a high thermal capacity due to the thickness of its wall of the order of 2 to 3 millimeters, so that the temperature rise time of the catalyst is therefore too great, at the time of the cold start of the vehicle;
- the thermal capacity of the tubing is high and the composite tube surrounds said tubing, so that the heat energy of the gases, when the engine is warm, is not sufficiently evacuated, risking over ⁇ heat the catalyst if the gas temperature reaches approximately 1000 ° C.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and relates to an exhaust pipe for a catalytic gas exhaust device, equipped with a composite tube whose design greatly promotes the rise in temperature of the catalyst at the time starting the engine, while not interfering with heat exchange when the engine is hot.
- the exhaust pipe for a catalysis gas exhaust device comprising a gas manifold and a catalyst, said pipe being located between said manifold and said catalyst and provided with a composite tube which consists of a internal tube and an external tube defining between them a substantially annular space, is remarkable, according to the invention, in that said composite tube is housed inside said exhaust pipe, the external tube coming substantially in contact with said tubing, and in that said inner and outer tubes have thin walls whose thickness is less than 0.3 millimeter.
- this arrangement allows a rapid rise in temperature of the catalyst at the time of the cold start of the vehicle and after each stop, since the energy calorifi ⁇ that gases is almost directly transferred to the catalyst, without having to overcome the significant thermal capacity of the tubing.
- the catalyst monolith is then operational in a reduced priming time.
- the composite tube when the vehicle engine is hot, and since the composite tube is thin and configurable in thermal transfer, giving the latter a low thermal resistance, the composite tube does not prevent heat exchanges between the gases and the manifold. 'exhaust which can thus freely dissipate the heat to the outside by conventional heat exchanges. Thus, overheating of the monolith which can lead to its destruction is avoided. Consequently, by the use of internal and external tubes with thin walls, giving the composite tube a low mass and therefore a low thermal resistance at high temperature, and by the arrangement of said composite tube inside said tubing. escape, a rapid activation of the catalyst is allowed when the engine is cold, while avoiding the risk of overheating, when the engine is hot.
- the invention also relates to a composite tube of the type comprising an internal tube and an external tube which define between them a substantially annular space, and intended to be associated with the exhaust manifold of a gas exhaust device with catalysis, located between a collector of said gases and a catalyst of the device. It is then remarkable in that the thickness of the walls of said internal and external tubes is less than 0.3 millimeter and in that the external diameter of said external tube is at most equal to the internal diameter of said tubing.
- the thickness of the walls of said internal and external tubes is of the order of 0.15 to 0.20 millimeters.
- said internal and external tubes are made of stainless steel.
- a material with low thermal capacity and low density being in particulate or fibrous form.
- the main purpose of this material is to transfer the forces generated by the passage of gases under pressure and exerted on the thin internal tube to the exhaust pipe, via the external tube, to avoid deformation of this material.
- the intermediate material therefore acts as a spacer to maintain an acceptable mechanical strength for said composite tube and it must be non-conductive of heat so as not to increase the thermal capacity of the composite tube.
- the thermal capacity of said material can be of the order of 0.25 cal / kg and its density at most equal to 0.3.
- rings are provided at the ends of said inner and outer tubes, closing off said annular space to enclose said material.
- a flexible insulating ring mounted in said space and coming into contact with said material of low thermal capacity and low density
- a rigid thermally resistant ring mounted in said space and coming into contact with said flexible insulating ring.
- the flexible insulating rings allow in particular the free expansion of the external and internal tubes, while the rigid rings ensure the centering of said tubes.
- fibrous windings can be fixed outside of said internal tube and spaced from one another by free intervals, said external tube coming substantially into contact with the fibrous windings.
- the latter are defined by a plurality of fibrous rings fixedly surrounding and at regular intervals said internal tube, and having a trapezoidal section or the like, rings being attached around said fibrous rings to engage in said external tube and be fixed, by at least one of these, to said external tube.
- each individual element comprises external and internal tubes with thin walls, and a material with low thermal capacity and low density disposed between said tubes. Furthermore, when two individual elements are assembled, the corresponding ends of the internal tubes are fitted one inside the other, while the corresponding ends of the external tubes are in abutment against one another.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a device for escaping catalysis gas, the exhaust manifold of which, in accordance with the invention, is provided with a composite tube.
- FIG. 2 represents an exemplary embodiment of one of the individual elements constituting said composite tube.
- Figure 3 shows individual elements of said tube, mounted in said exhaust manifold.
- Figure 4 shows another embodiment of individual elements of said tube, mounted in said exhaust manifold.
- the exhaust device 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 usually comprises a manifold 2 of the gases from the heat engine 3, an exhaust manifold 4 connected to the manifold, a catalyst or catalytic converter 5 in turn connected to the exhaust manifold and an exhaust pipe 6 connected to said catalyst and comprising a silencer 7.
- a catalyzed exhaust device thus makes it possible, as mentioned above, to reduce the harmful emissions of gases leaving the engine, towards the outside .
- the exhaust manifold 4 is provided with a composite tube 8 which consists of an internal tube 10, a tube external 11 and of a low density material 12, non-conductive of heat, arranged in the annular space 9 delimited by the two tubes 10 and 11, preferably concen ⁇ tric and of circular section, like said tubing.
- the composite tube 8 is housed inside the exhaust manifold 4 and the walls 10A and 11A which constitute the internal and external tubes are thin so as to have a thickness of less than 0.3 millimeter and preferably between 0.15 and 0.20 millimeters.
- the composite tube 8 consists of a plurality of individual elements or sections 14 assembled one after the other in the straight parts of the exhaust pipe 4 which generally has a bend, to ensure the connection between the outlet of the manifold 2 and the inlet of the catalyst 5.
- FIG. 1 showing the device 1 schematically, that the pipe 4 is straight, but it goes without saying that, in reality, it is bent.
- the composite tube 8, formed of the individual elements 14 has an external diameter, defined by the external tube 11 of each element, at most equal to the internal diameter of the wall 4A of the tube 4 to allow their mounting in the latter. Also, to keep the same cross section of the gases coming from the engine, the inside diameter of the pipe 4 is increased, of the order for example of 10 millimeters, so that the inside diameter of the internal tube of each element is then identical to that of current tubing.
- the inner 10 and outer 11 tubes of each element are made of a stainless steel thus resis ⁇ so to the high temperatures of the exhaust gases.
- the material with low thermal capacity and low density can be, for its part, of the particulate type, that is to say consisting in particular of Si02 or analogous microspheres compacted or not, or of the fibrous type, that is to say comprising in particular long fibers of Si02 or A1203, for example.
- This material must be refractory, resistant to temperatures of 1000 ° C or more, light and relatively flexible, and capable of transmitting the mechanical forces from the internal tube to the external tube and, therefore, to the tubing, without penalizing the thermal capacity of the composite tube, in particular that of the internal tube 10.
- the density of the material is less than 300 kg / m 3, while its thermal capacity can be of the order of 0.25 kcal / kg or less.
- each element 14 of the composite tube 8 comprises rings at its annular ends delimited by the internal 10 and external tubes 11. More particularly, two rings 15 are mounted in the vicinity of the ends 10B, 10C, 11B, 11C of said tubes, in the annular space 9, to thus contain the material 12 in the element 14. These rings 15 are also made of a flexible insulating material, or semi-flexible, which allows the free expansion of the internal tube 10 relative to the external tube 11, both axial and diametrical, due to the temperature differences appearing between the two tubes. Furthermore, two other rings 16 are also mounted at the ends 10B, 10C, 11B, 11C of each element coming into contact with the insulating rings 15.
- the rings 16 are made of a rigid material, such as a dense ceramic based on alumina, thermally resistant and not very sensitive to thermal shock, and they maintain the insulating rings 15, ensure the centering of the tubes 10 and 11 relative to each other and allow the relative longitudinal elongations and transverse since they are mounted with clearance in the annular space 9 of the tubes. Also, to immobilize said rings axially with respect to the tubes of the element, there is provided, on one side of the element 14, an external radial projection 10D, formed in the vicinity of the end 10B of the internal tube, and, on the other side of the element 14, an internal radial projection 11D formed in the vicinity of the end 11B, of the external tube.
- the end 10B is located in the extension of the wall 10A of the internal tube 10, while the opposite end 10C is slightly enlarged.
- the end 11B of the outer tube 11 ends in a flap 11E at right angles facing inwards, while the opposite end 11C extends the wall 11A.
- the flap 11E of the external tube is in the same diametral plane as the external projection 10D of the internal tube, just as the internal projection 11D is located approximately at the change of section of the internal tube between its wall 10A and its end 10C. Consequently, the rings 15 and 16, as well as the material 12, are held axially in place in the annular space 9 of each element 14.
- FIG. 3 The assembly of the individual assembled elements 14 is shown in FIG. 3.
- the end 10B of an element 14 then engages with gentle friction in the enlarged end 10C of another contiguous element, which ensures their nesting up to when the folded end 11E of the outer tube 11 of the element abuts against the end 11C of the other element.
- the composite tube 8 with individual elements thus constitutes a modular system which makes it possible to easily "line” the interior of the exhaust manifold 4.
- the material 12 is of the fibrous type.
- the annular space 9 contains windings in the form of rings 12A, of long fibers (continuous wicks) thus offering an acceptable radial rigidity to avoid deformation of the internal tube 10.
- these fiber rings 12A are regularly spaced from each other along the outer wall 10A of the inner tube 10, providing identical intervals between them. They also have a substantially trapezoidal section so that the large base of each of them is correctly fixed to the wall 10A of the internal tube by means of an adhesive, such as a high temperature ceramic glue.
- rings 17 On the small bases of said rings, corresponding to the winding of the last row of turns of said fibers, are reported rings 17 which are preferably split to facilitate their installation, said split rings 17 there again being fixed by a high temperature adhesive on the corresponding small bases of said rings.
- the central ring 12A and its attached ring 17 is located substantially in the median plane of the outer tube, from which are respectively issued from both sides the semi-through slots 11F.
- Welding points 18 then immobilize the outer tube 11 of the assembly to constitute the individual element 14 of the composite tube 8.
- this embodiment does not require the use of rings 15 and 16 and projections radial 10D and 11D to hold the material 12.
- the ends of the external tube 11 can both be bent inwardly to form flaps 11E coming substantially against corresponding flaps, when the elements 14 are fitted together into each other.
- the differential elongations of the tubes 10 and 11, along the longitudinal axis, are authorized by the sliding of the rings 17, driven by the rings 12A, along the outer tube 11.
- These differential elongations are furthermore distributed respectively on either side of the median plane of the outer tube, due to the rigid attachment of the central ring 17 to the latter, which is mechanically more satisfactory.
- the extensions radial less ample, they are absorbed by the rings of fibers, not integral with each other.
- this variant embodiment of the composite tube illustrated in FIG. 4, are similar to those produced by the previous embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- this variant makes it easy to mechanically and thermally optimize the composite tube playing in particular on the shape (section) of the fibrous rings, their number, in other words their pitch, the arrangement of the wicks (tangent or crossed) and the nature of the fibers.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7527409A JPH09504072A (ja) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-04-24 | 触媒排気装置のための排気管 |
EP95918048A EP0706608B1 (fr) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-04-24 | Tubulure d'echappement pour dispositif d'echappement a catalyse |
DE69506359T DE69506359T2 (de) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-04-24 | Auspuffrohr für katalytische auspuffvorrichtung |
US08/549,768 US5697215A (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-04-24 | Exhaust piping for a catalytic exhaust system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9405079A FR2719338B1 (fr) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Tubulure d'échappement pour dispositif d'échappement à catalyse, et tube composite destiné à équiper ladite tubulure. |
FR94/05079 | 1994-04-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995029327A1 true WO1995029327A1 (fr) | 1995-11-02 |
Family
ID=9462561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1995/000534 WO1995029327A1 (fr) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-04-24 | Tubulure d'echappement pour dispositif d'echappement a catalyse |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5697215A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0706608B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH09504072A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2163623A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69506359T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2126894T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2719338B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1995029327A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6247552B1 (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 2001-06-19 | J. Eberspächer Gmbh & Co. | Air gap-insulated exhaust manifold |
JPH1181999A (ja) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-03-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE10106590A1 (de) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-14 | Gillet Heinrich Gmbh | Schalldämpfer |
EP1464800A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-10-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composant de système des gaz d'échappement avec double enveloppe isolée |
DE10334307B4 (de) * | 2003-07-28 | 2008-06-26 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Isolierte Abgasleitung |
FR2869950B1 (fr) * | 2004-05-05 | 2007-12-14 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | Conduit de circulation des gaz d'echappement d'un vehicule automobile, et ligne d'echappement associee |
FR2894316B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-05 | 2011-04-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Element de conduite de transport de gaz chauds et procede de realisation d'un tel element |
JP2009540216A (ja) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-11-19 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 断熱二重壁の排気系部品及びその製造方法 |
JP2009540215A (ja) * | 2006-06-15 | 2009-11-19 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 断熱二重壁を有する排気系部品及びその製造方法 |
US20080041043A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-21 | Andersen Eric H | Exhaust treatment devices and methods for reducing sound using the exhaust treatment devices |
US20080169038A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-17 | Timothy David Sellis | Thermal shield and methods of construction and installation |
JP5079630B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-08 | 2012-11-21 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
US9790836B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2017-10-17 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company, Inc. | Loose-fill insulation exhaust gas treatment device and methods of manufacturing |
US20140140897A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Loose-Fill Insulation Exhaust Gas Treatment Device and Methods of Manufacturing |
US11319847B2 (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2022-05-03 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust device with noise suppression system |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3209856A (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1965-10-05 | Walker Mfg Co | Exhaust system |
US3850453A (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-11-26 | Questor Corp | Method and apparatus for connecting insulating conduits |
GB1515462A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1978-06-28 | Nissan Motor | Reactor and method preparing same |
GB1546661A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1979-05-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engines |
WO1988003602A1 (fr) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-19 | Á4Gm Energetikai Gépgyártó Leányvállalat | Barriere thermique en couches |
DE3720714A1 (de) * | 1987-06-23 | 1989-01-05 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage | Waermedaemmsystem fuer heisse gase fuehrende eingegossene bauteile von brennkraftmaschinen |
WO1991002143A1 (fr) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-02-21 | Manville Corporation | Tuyau d'echappement isole et procede et moyens de production et de raccordement d'un tel tuyau |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4345430A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1982-08-24 | Manville Service Corporation | Automotive catalytic converter exhaust system |
US5331810A (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1994-07-26 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Low thermal capacitance exhaust system for an internal combustion engine |
-
1994
- 1994-04-27 FR FR9405079A patent/FR2719338B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-04-24 CA CA002163623A patent/CA2163623A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-24 US US08/549,768 patent/US5697215A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-24 DE DE69506359T patent/DE69506359T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-24 ES ES95918048T patent/ES2126894T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-24 JP JP7527409A patent/JPH09504072A/ja active Pending
- 1995-04-24 WO PCT/FR1995/000534 patent/WO1995029327A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1995-04-24 EP EP95918048A patent/EP0706608B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3209856A (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1965-10-05 | Walker Mfg Co | Exhaust system |
US3850453A (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-11-26 | Questor Corp | Method and apparatus for connecting insulating conduits |
GB1546661A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1979-05-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engines |
GB1515462A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1978-06-28 | Nissan Motor | Reactor and method preparing same |
WO1988003602A1 (fr) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-19 | Á4Gm Energetikai Gépgyártó Leányvállalat | Barriere thermique en couches |
DE3720714A1 (de) * | 1987-06-23 | 1989-01-05 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage | Waermedaemmsystem fuer heisse gase fuehrende eingegossene bauteile von brennkraftmaschinen |
WO1991002143A1 (fr) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-02-21 | Manville Corporation | Tuyau d'echappement isole et procede et moyens de production et de raccordement d'un tel tuyau |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69506359D1 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
EP0706608A1 (fr) | 1996-04-17 |
CA2163623A1 (fr) | 1995-11-02 |
US5697215A (en) | 1997-12-16 |
EP0706608B1 (fr) | 1998-12-02 |
FR2719338A1 (fr) | 1995-11-03 |
DE69506359T2 (de) | 1999-04-29 |
ES2126894T3 (es) | 1999-04-01 |
JPH09504072A (ja) | 1997-04-22 |
FR2719338B1 (fr) | 1996-06-28 |
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