Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
  • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
  • B05C5/0225—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work characterised by flow controlling means, e.g. valves, located proximate the outlet
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
  • B05C1/003—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating incorporating means for heating or cooling the liquid or other fluent material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
  • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
  • B05C1/06—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length by rubbing contact, e.g. by brushes, by pads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
  • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
  • B05C11/1042—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material provided with means for heating or cooling the liquid or other fluent material in the supplying means upstream of the applying apparatus

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for achieving anti-friction properties in a metallic wire by coating the wire with an anti-fricti ' on substance (lubricant) before a subsequent winding, coiling, bending, curving, or other shaping of the wire.
• the invention preferably relates to a method and a device in which the lubricant is applied by means of an applicator, which is arranged in the form of a porous fibrous 1 aterial whose porosity is completely or partially filled ,'ith a lubricant for coating the wire.
• a lubricant in this application a paraffin, a wax, or another substance with a lubricating effect, or a mixture of two or more of these substances.
• the melting temperature of commonly occurring lubricants is between 50 and 70 °C.
• insulated winding wire for example those who manufacture electric machines or components, are very dependent on the wire to have good anti-friction properties along its entire length without interruption.
• Good anti- friction properties allow the wire to be positioned in an application, and allow the wire to easily slide into position such that the winding does not take up larger space that is required by the application.
• manufacturers of metallic wire for use as resistance wire for example wire for heating coils, coat the wire with a lubricant, one reason for this being for the wire to easily slide into the desired position, and another reason being to reduce the wear on tools which are used for coiling or other form of shaping wherein the wire is bent or curved.
• a lubricant which is solid during winding and coiling, respectively, such as a paraffin, a wax, or another substance with a lubricating effect, or a mixture of two or more of these substances.
• the melting temperature of commonly occurring lubricanes is between 50 and 70°C.
• an organic solvent such as described in US patent specifications US 4 545 323 and US 4 38-5 435, for example petrol, but alto other volatile organic solvents are used. Since normally ve.-y small quantities of lubricant is to be applied to the 'wire, tne concentration of such substance in the solvent is low.
• the solution normally has a solid content of between 0.05 % and 1 %.
• the solution is applied to the wire by allowing the wire to pass through a woven tape or cloth, or a felt to which the solution has been added, preferably by the tape/cloth/felt sucking up the solution.
• the method also entails disadvantages from the quality point of view since it is a problem to control the applied amount of lubricant.
• Another known method is to impregnate string or other form of twined or woven wire with a lubricant of the same type as mentioned above.
• the lubricant will melt by the intrinsic heat of the wire and is applied to the wire.
• the string often breaks. Such a rupture leads to the wire being completely without lubricant over a long distance until efforts have been made by the operators to join the string together.
• it is difficult to obtain an even distribution of lubricant around the wire since most of the substance melts from the string on the first 90 degree segment.
• the equipment is complicated, which entails high investment costs. The cost of string and maintenance is judged to become considerable.
• the object of the invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems when applying lubricant to a wire, such that the need of using solvent in any .form is eliminated.
• Another object of the invention is to suggest a method and a device in which the amount, of lubricant applied to the wire can be controlled at any time and at any point of the surface of the wire, and can be changed by simple setting during the application.
• Yet another object of the invention is to suggest a device with a simple composition with few movable parts to obtain a high reliability at a low cost.
• a lubri ⁇ cant is melted in connection with the substance being supplied to a dispensing container.
• a lubricant is meant a substance or a mixture * of substances having lubricating effect .
• the melted lubricant is transferred to the applicator while con ⁇ trolling the flow of the melted lubricant from the dispensing container to the applicator, preferably by means of a step- less, controllable dispensing member.
• a solid lubricant is melted in connection with it being supplied to a dispensing container.
• the dispensing container is designed with a space in which the melted lubricant is received and collected.
• At or near the dispensing container means for heating the dispensing container are provided.
• the , dispensing container is filled, while melting the lubri ⁇ cant, with melted lubricant to a suitable level, the working level, which is maintained essentially constant during the process, that is, the same amount, of lubricant as is consumed is supplied to the dispensing container by melting.
• the heat developed at or near the dispensing container melts the solid lubricant which thereby runs down into the dispensing con- tainer through one or more tubes, filling tubes, which open out below or on a level with the working level.
• Melted lubri ⁇ cant is supplied to the dispensing container from an accumu ⁇ lator container which is filled with solid lubricant and is placed near, preferably above, the dispensing container.
• the dispensing container is designed of a material with good thermal conductivity.
• the accumulator container and/or the dispensing container are/is provided with contact surfaces and other means such as flanges to obtain a good heat transfer from the heated dispensing container to the accumulator container and to fix these containers relative to each other.
• the accumulator container is provided with openings which are tightly connected to the filling tube of the dispensing con ⁇ tainer but is otherwise tightly sealed.
• the lubricant is melted in the accumulator container and runs through the filling tubes down into the dispensing container.
• the level in the dispensing container will be maintained essentially constant since the sub-atmospheric pressure in the tight accumulator container ensures that only the amount which is consumed and obtained from the dispensing container will be filled from the accumu ⁇ lator container.
• Essentially all lubricant which is trans ⁇ ferred from the dispensing container to the applicator is coated on the metallic wire.
• the accumulator container is provided with means for indicating the amount of lubricant in the accumulator container, for example in the form of a level glass.
• the dispensing container and the applicator as well as the channels which interconnect these are preferably maintained at a temperature exceeding the melting temperature of the lubricant.
• lubricants are 'Used which have a melting temperature of 50 to 7Q°C.
• the temperature of the lubricant can be controlled to influence the viscosity of the melted lubricant and hence the result of the application of the lubricant.
• the wire is heated, prior to or in connection with the passage through the applicator, to a temperature exceeding the tempe ⁇ rature of the lubricant.
• the holder, arranged around the appli ⁇ cator, and the dispensing container comprise interconnecting channels for transferring melted lubricant from the dispensing container to the applicator.
• dispensing members preferably stepless controllable dispen ⁇ sing members, are provided in certain embodiments of the invention. These members are, for example, arranged in the form of one or more valves in which a cone or a needle is closed against a seat . In one embodiment the valve is opened and closed, respectively, by controlling the position of the needle by an electromagnet.
• the flow through the valve is thereby controlled by signals which indicate the time during which the valve is opened and the time between the openings.
• a motor is used for controlling the opening/closing of the valve, whereby also the position of the valve in relation to the seat can be controlled for con ⁇ trolling the flow through the valve.
• the flow of melted lubricant to the applicator is controlled so as to correspond to a dosage of lubricant on the surface of the wire of lOmg/m-**** to lg/m ⁇ wire surface.
• melted lubricant flows to the applicator
• This flow is preferably accomplished by designing the applicator of a fibrous, porous material which, by the capillary forces obtained when the applicator is compressed by a holder around the passing wire, sucks melted lubricant from the dispensing container. Since lubricant is consumed at the surface where the applicator contacts the wire, the contents of lubricant m the applicator is always lowest near the wire, whereby a driving force, a suction, arises for transport of lubricant to this area m order to maintain fluid balance in the applicator.
• the appli ⁇ cator is designed with a wedge-shaped cutout which is arranged around the wire.
• a holder is arranged around the applicator. In clamped state, this holder has an inner diameter which is smaller than the outer diameter of the applicator in non- compressed state. When the holder is clamped, the applicator is compressed and the cutout is closed around the wire. This leads to a situation, at the centre of the applicator near the wire, whereby the applicator will make contact around the whole periphery of the wire with a resilient contact pressure.
• the holder comprises means for ensu ⁇ ring that the applicator is retained m the holder and is not pulled out of the holder by the wire.
• the melted anti ⁇ friction substance is distributed around the periphery of the wire in the applicator by means provided in the fibrous porous applicator which conduct and control the flow of the melted lubricant through the applicator.
• a distributor in the form of a layer, impenetrable to the lubricant is provi ⁇ ded with openings m the form of holes or slits whereby the flow of the melted lubricant from the channels of the holder to the wire is controlled to obtain the desired coating on the wire.
• the distributor layer is arranged inside the applicator and is made of a material which is not destroyed by the tempe ⁇ rature of the melted lubricant, preferably a plastic or a metal foil.
• FIG 1 shows all the important parts of the invention and its design. Certain parts are sectioned to show the method more clearly.
• Figure 2 shows the applicator 4 with distributors 7 and the wedge-shaped cutout 8.
• Figure 3 shows the accumulator container 13 with legs 19 and the lower level of the hole 20.
• a metal wire 2 passes through an applicator 4 where the wire is coated with melted lubricant.
• the melted lubricant is sucked by the capillary forces, which arise in the applicator 4 during the process, from a dispensing con ⁇ tainer 9.
• the dispensing container 9 is provided with a heater 10 which develops heat whereby the lubricant is melted while being supplied to the dispensing container.
• the dispensing container is provided with dispensing members 11, 12, 15, 16,. 17 for controlling the flow of melted lubricant which is sucked to the applicator 4.
• a heater 10 is shown in the form of an electric resistor element which is controll ⁇ ed by a temperature regulator 24, but, of course, also other forms of controllable heat sources, such as coils traversed by hot water, may be used.
• the temperature regulator 24 is set at a higher temperature than the melting temperature for the lubricant which is to be applied onto the wire 2, which has a constant rate through the applicator 4.
• the heat source 10 placed in the dispensing container 9 heats the entire device to a temperature which is higher than the melting temperature of the lubricant.
• the melting temperature is between 50 and 70°C.
• the heat source 10 has a strategic location in the dispensing container 9, which means that the channel 14 always has the highest and most uniform temperature to ensure at each time the flow of the dispensed lubricant in the system.
• the accumulator container 13 is filled with lubricant through the hole 20 in a special filler (not described) . After filling the accumulator container 13, it is to cool to room tempera ⁇ ture, which causes the lubricant to assume solid state. This allows the container to be handled in all situations, without considering the contents.
• the heating of the accumulator tank 13 causes the lubricant to melt and to run down into the dispensing container 9 through the hole 20.
• the level 18 * which is the same as the lowermost point of the hole 20, is attained, the level 18 * .will be constant and filled with the same amount as is consu- med. This achieved by the sub-atmospheric pressure which is generated in the accumulator container.
• the container 13 contains lubricant for about 10 days.
• the accumulator container 13 has a level glass 21 which indicates when the container is to be replaced by a filled container.
• the dispensing container 9 is designed with a space 18 for lubricant and with channels 14, the task of which is to con ⁇ duct ⁇ lubricant to the applicator 4, which is placed in the holder 3.
• the holder may be mounted in a horizontal or a vertical position depending on the direction of the wire 2.
• the dispensing container 9 is provided with an adjustable fixing element 1, which makes it possible to adjust the device according to the wire 2.
• the dispensing member 11, 12, 15, 16, 17 consists of an elec- tromagnet 15, the armature 17 of which is connected to the needle 12 via an elastic sleeve 16 which causes the needle 12 to direct itself to the position of the valve seat 11. This means that a tight shut-off function can be obtained in a simple manner.
• the dispensing member is controlled by timed signals by means of a control device 25, the time during which the valve 12, 12 is open and the time between the openings.
• the holder 3 for the applicator 4 is equipped with a transport channel which is connected to the transport channels 14 of the dispensing container 9.
• the holder 3 has a circular hole in which the applicator 4 is compressed when the applicator 4 is applied in the holder 3. This compression leads to the creation of a resilient contact pressure at the centre of the applicator 4.
• a yoke 5 serves as a counter-support.
• the yoke 5 may be placed on both sides of the applicator 4 depending on the direction of movement of the wire 2.
• the holder 3 also has a slit which makes it possible for the wire 2 to placed at the centre of the holder 3 without being cut off.
• the holder 3 has a safety channel connected to the channel 6, which always guarantees a dispensed flow to the applicator 4, even if the lubricant should contain particles sealing the applicator 4.
• the applicator 4 is made of a fibre-composed sucking material which, with capillary properties, is capable of transporting li uid lubricant.
• the applicator 4 has a wedge-shaped cutout 8 so that it can be applied onto the wire 2 and, when the applicator 4 is placed in the holder , so that it can be compressed and create a contact pressure around the wire 2.
• the applicator 4 is provided with distributors 7 which conduct and control a liquid substance, which in the described case is a melted lubricant.
• the distributor 7 is placed in cut sections in the applicator 4 and the lubricant is guided to the connections which are provided in the applicator 4 between the channel 6 and the wire 2. Connections may be provided in the distributor 7 through holes or slits, or as a space between two distributors.
• the distributors are made of a heat-resistant material in which the lubricant cannot pass.
• the material may advanta ⁇ geously be plastic or a metal foil.
• the wire is coated with lubricant corresponding to a dosage of lubricant of from lOmg/m ⁇ to lg/m2.
• the region nearest the wire 2 in the applicator 4 always contains least lubricant, which means that the lubri ⁇ cant strives to arrive at this region in order for the appli ⁇ cator 4 to achieve fluid balance, whereby the transport of lubricant from the dispensing container to the applicator is maintained.

Landscapes

• Coating Apparatus (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Wire Processing (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
• Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20393059

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (3)

• 1994
  • 1994-02-24 SE SE9400629A patent/SE9400629D0/xx unknown
• 1995
  • 1995-02-22 AT AT95911517T patent/ATE207780T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-02-22 ES ES95911517T patent/ES2166818T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-02-22 DE DE69523616T patent/DE69523616T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1995-02-22 CZ CZ962486A patent/CZ248696A3/cs unknown
  • 1995-02-22 CA CA002183373A patent/CA2183373A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-02-22 PL PL95315710A patent/PL178502B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-02-22 WO PCT/SE1995/000181 patent/WO1995023032A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-02-22 EP EP95911517A patent/EP0794840B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-02-22 SK SK1092-96A patent/SK281764B6/sk unknown

Patent Citations (3)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events